@cindex pitches
@cindex absolute
@cindex absolute octave specification
-@cindex octave specification, absolute
@cindex absolute octave entry
-@cindex octave entry, absolute
A pitch name is specified using lowercase letters@tie{}@code{a}
through@tie{}@code{g}. The note names @code{c} to @code{b} are
@end lilypond
@cindex octave changing mark
-
@funindex '
@funindex ,
@cindex relative
@cindex relative octave entry
-@cindex octave entry, relative
@cindex relative octave specification
-@cindex ocatve specification, relative
-
-@funindex relative
@funindex \relative
When octaves are specified in absolute mode it is easy to
}
@end lilypond
-@cindex chords and relative octave entry
-@cindex relative octave entry and chords
-
If the preceding item is a chord, the first note of the chord is
used as the reference point for the octave placement of a
following note or chord. Inside chords, the next note is always
@cindex relative octave entry and transposition
@cindex transposition and relative octave entry
-
@funindex \transpose
-@funindex transpose
@funindex \chordmode
-@funindex chordmode
@funindex \relative
-@funindex relative
@knownissues
@cindex note names, Dutch
@cindex note names, default
-@cindex default note names
@cindex sharp
@cindex flat
@cindex double sharp
@end lilypond
@cindex quarter tones
-@cindex semi-flats
-@cindex semi-sharps
+@cindex semi-flats, semi-sharps
Quarter tones may be added; the following is a series of Cs with
increasing pitches:
@cindex accidental, cautionary
@cindex accidental, parenthesized
@cindex reminder accidental
+@funindex ?
@cindex cautionary accidental
@cindex parenthesized accidental
-
-@funindex ?
@funindex !
-
Normally accidentals are printed automatically, but you may also
print them manually. A reminder accidental can be forced by
adding an exclamation mark@tie{}@code{!} after the pitch. A
@cindex octave correction
@cindex octave check
@cindex control pitch
-
@funindex =
@funindex \octaveCheck
-@funindex octaveCheck
@funindex controlpitch
In relative mode, it is easy to forget an octave changing mark.
@cindex transposition of notes
@cindex pitches, transposition of
@cindex notes, transposition of
-
@funindex \transpose
-@funindex transpose
A music expression can be transposed with @code{\transpose}. The
syntax is
}
@end lilypond
+@cindex transposing instruments
+@cindex instruments, transposing
@code{\transpose} may also be used in a different way, to input
written notes for a transposing instrument. The previous examples
@funindex \transpose
-@funindex transpose
@funindex \chordmode
-@funindex chordmode
@funindex \relative
-@funindex relative
@knownissues
@node Clef
@unnumberedsubsubsec Clef
+@funindex \clef
@cindex G clef
@cindex C clef
@cindex F clef
@cindex clef, varbaritone
@cindex subbass clef, subbass
-@funindex \clef
-@funindex clef
-
The clef may be altered. Middle C is shown in every example.
@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
@cindex clef, transposing
@cindex octave transposition
@cindex choral tenor clef
-@cindex tenor clef, choral
By adding@tie{}@code{_8} or@tie{}@code{^8} to the clef name, the
clef is transposed one octave down or up, respectively,
@unnumberedsubsubsec Key signature
@cindex key signature
-
@funindex \key
-@funindex key
@c duplicated in Key signature and Accidentals
@warning{New users are sometimes confused about accidentals and
@end example
@funindex \major
-@funindex major
@funindex \minor
-@funindex minor
@funindex \ionian
-@funindex ionian
@funindex \locrian
-@funindex locrian
@funindex \aeolian
-@funindex aeolian
@funindex \mixolydian
-@funindex mixolydian
@funindex \lydian
-@funindex lydian
@funindex \phrygian
-@funindex phrygian
@funindex \dorian
-@funindex dorian
-
@cindex church modes
@cindex modes
@cindex major
@cindex 8va
@cindex 8ve
@cindex octavation
-
@funindex set-octavation
-@funindex \ottava
-@funindex ottava
@notation{Ottava brackets} introduce an extra transposition of an
octave for the staff:
@cindex transposing instrument
@cindex MIDI
@cindex MIDI transposition
-
@funindex \transposition
-@funindex transposition
When typesetting scores that involve transposing instruments, some
parts can be typeset in a different pitch than the
@cindex accidentals, automatic
@cindex automatic accidentals
@cindex default accidental style
-
@funindex set-accidental-style
@funindex voice
-@funindex default
There are many different conventions on how to typeset
accidentals. LilyPond provides a function to specify which
The following accidental styles are supported. To demonstrate
each style, we use the following example:
+@funindex default
@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
musicA = {
@cindex default accidental style
@cindex accidental style, default
-
@funindex default
This is the default typesetting behavior. It corresponds to
@cindex modern accidental style
@cindex accidental style, modern-cautionary
@cindex modern-cautionary accidental style
-
@funindex voice
The normal behavior is to remember the accidentals at
@cindex accidentals, modern style
@cindex modern style accidentals
-
@funindex modern
This rule corresponds to the common practice in the twentieth
@cindex modern cautionary accidental style
@cindex modern style accidentals
@cindex modern style cautionary accidentals
-
@funindex modern-cautionary
This rule is similar to @code{modern}, but the @q{extra}
@cindex modern accidental style
@cindex modern accidentals
@cindex multivoice accidentals
-
@funindex modern-voice
This rule is used for multivoice accidentals to be read both by
@cindex accidental style, cautionary, modern voice
@cindex accidental style, modern voice cautionary
@cindex accidental style, voice, modern cautionary
-
@funindex modern-voice-cautionary
@item modern-voice-cautionary
@cindex accidentals, piano
@cindex piano accidental style
@cindex piano accidentals
-
@funindex piano
This rule reflects twentieth-century practice for piano notation.
@item piano-cautionary
+@funindex piano-cautionary
@cindex accidentals, piano cautionary
@cindex cautionary accidentals, piano
@cindex piano cautionary accidentals
@cindex cautionary accidental style, piano
@cindex piano cautionary accidental style
-@funindex piano-cautionary
-
This is the same as @code{piano} but with the extra accidentals
typeset as cautionaries.
@item neo-modern
+@funindex neo-modern
@cindex neo-modern accidental style
@cindex accidental style, neo-modern
-@funindex neo-modern
-
This rule reproduces a common practice in contemporary music:
accidentals are printed like with @code{modern}, but they are printed
again if the same note appears later in the same measure -- except
@item neo-modern-cautionary
+@funindex neo-modern-cautionary
@cindex neo-modern-cautionary accidental style
@cindex accidental style, neo-modern-cautionary
-@funindex neo-modern-cautionary
-
This rule is similar to @code{neo-modern}, but the extra
accidentals are printed as cautionary accidentals.
@item dodecaphonic
+@funindex dodecaphonic
@cindex dodecaphonic accidental style
@cindex dodecaphonic style, neo-modern
-@funindex dodecaphonic
-
This rule reflects a practice introduced by composers at
the beginning of the 20th century, in an attempt to
abolish the hierarchy between natural and non-natural notes.
@item teaching
+@funindex teaching
@cindex teaching accidental style
@cindex accidental style, teaching
-@funindex teaching
-
This rule is intended for students, and makes it easy to create
scale sheets with automagically created cautionary accidentals.
Accidentals are printed like with @code{modern}, but cautionary
@item no-reset
+@funindex no-reset
@cindex accidental style, no reset
@cindex no reset accidental style
-@funindex no-reset
-
This is the same as @code{default} but with accidentals lasting
@q{forever} and not only within the same measure:
@item forget
+@funindex forget
@cindex forget accidental style
@cindex accidental style, forget
-@funindex forget
-
This is the opposite of @code{no-reset}: Accidentals are not
remembered at all -- and hence all accidentals are typeset
relative to the key signature, regardless of what came before in
@cindex guitar note heads
@cindex note head styles
@cindex styles, note heads
-
@funindex cross
Note heads may be altered:
@cindex easy play note heads
@cindex note heads, easy play
-@funindex \easyHeadsOn
-@funindex easyHeadsOn
-@funindex \easyHeadsOff
-@funindex easyHeadsOff
-
The @q{easy play} note head includes a note name inside the head.
It is used in music for beginners. To make the letters readable,
it should be printed in a large font size. To print with a larger
@predefined
+@funindex \easyHeadsOn
@code{\easyHeadsOn},
+@funindex \easyHeadsOff
@code{\easyHeadsOff}.
@endpredefined
@cindex shape notes
@cindex Aiken shape note heads
@cindex sacred harp note heads
-
@funindex \key
-@funindex key
@funindex \aikenHeads
-@funindex aikenHeads
@funindex \sacredHarpHeads
-@funindex sacredHarpHeads
In shape note head notation, the shape of the note head
corresponds to the harmonic function of a note in the scale. This
@predefined
+@funindex \aikenHeads
@code{\aikenHeads},
+@funindex \sacredHarpHeads
@code{\sacredHarpHeads}.
@endpredefined
@cindex note heads, improvisation
@cindex note heads, slashed
-@funindex \improvisationOn
-@funindex improvisationOn
-@funindex \improvisationOff
-@funindex improvisationOff
-
Improvisation is sometimes denoted with slashed note heads, where
the performer may choose any pitch but should play the specified
rhythm. Such note heads can be created:
@predefined
+@funindex \improvisationOn
@code{\improvisationOn},
+@funindex \improvisationOff
@code{\improvisationOff}.
@endpredefined
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff