--- /dev/null
+@c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
+@ignore
+ Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
+
+ When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the
+ version that you are working on. For details, see the Contributors'
+ Guide, node Updating translation committishes..
+@end ignore
+
+@c \version "2.14.0"
+
+@node Fretted string instruments
+@section Fretted string instruments
+
+@lilypondfile[quote]{fretted-headword.ly}
+
+This section discusses several aspects of music notation that are unique
+to fretted string instruments.
+
+@cindex tablature
+@cindex tablature, guitar
+@cindex tablature, banjo
+@cindex guitar tablature
+@cindex banjo tablature
+
+@menu
+* Common notation for fretted strings::
+* Guitar::
+* Banjo::
+@end menu
+
+@node Common notation for fretted strings
+@subsection Common notation for fretted strings
+
+This section discusses common notation that is unique
+to fretted string instruments.
+
+@menu
+* References for fretted strings::
+* String number indications::
+* Default tablatures::
+* Custom tablatures::
+* Fret diagram markups::
+* Predefined fret diagrams::
+* Automatic fret diagrams::
+* Right-hand fingerings::
+@end menu
+
+@node References for fretted strings
+@unnumberedsubsubsec References for fretted strings
+
+Music for fretted string instruments is normally notated on
+a single staff, either in traditional music notation or in
+tablature. Sometimes the two types are combined, and it is
+especially common in popular music to use chord diagrams above
+a staff of traditional notation. The guitar and the banjo are
+transposing instruments, sounding an octave lower than written.
+Scores for these instruments should use the @code{"treble_8"} clef
+(or @code{\transposition c} to get correct MIDI output).
+Some other elements pertinent to fretted string instruments
+are covered elsewhere:
+
+@itemize
+@item Fingerings are indicated as shown in
+@ref{Fingering instructions}.
+
+@item Instructions for @notation{Laissez vibrer} ties
+as well as ties on arpeggios and tremolos can be found in
+@ref{Ties}.
+
+@item Instructions for handling multiple voices can be found
+in @ref{Collision resolution}.
+
+@item Instructions for indicating harmonics can be found in
+@ref{Harmonics}.
+
+@end itemize
+
+
+@seealso
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Fingering instructions},
+@ref{Ties},
+@ref{Collision resolution},
+@ref{Instrument names},
+@ref{Writing music in parallel},
+@ref{Arpeggio},
+@ref{List of articulations},
+@ref{Clef},
+@ref{Instrument transpositions}.
+
+
+@node String number indications
+@unnumberedsubsubsec String number indications
+
+@cindex string numbers
+@cindex string vs. fingering numbers
+@cindex fingering vs. string numbers
+
+The string on which a note should be played may be indicated by
+appending @code{\@var{number}} to a note inside a chord construct
+@code{<>}.
+
+@warning{String numbers @strong{must} be defined inside a chord
+construct even if there is only a single note.}
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=0]
+\clef "treble_8"
+<c\5>4 <e\4> <g\3>2
+<c,\5 e\4 g\3>1
+@end lilypond
+
+When fingerings and string indications are used together, their
+placement is controlled by the order in which the two items appear
+in the code:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
+\clef "treble_8"
+<g\3-0>2
+<g-0\3>
+@end lilypond
+
+@snippets
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff.ly}
+
+
+@seealso
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Fingering instructions}.
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{StringNumber},
+@rinternals{Fingering}.
+
+
+@node Default tablatures
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Default tablatures
+
+@cindex tablatures, basic
+@cindex tablatures, default
+
+@funindex TabStaff
+@funindex TabVoice
+
+Music for plucked string instruments is frequently notated using a
+finger/touch notation or tablature. In contrast to traditional
+notation pitches are not denoted with note heads, but by numbers (or
+letter-like symbols in historical intavolatura). The staff lines
+in tablature indicate the string on which the note is to be played,
+and a number placed on a staff line indicated the fret at which
+the corresponding string is to be pressed.
+Notes that are to be played simultaneously are vertically aligned.
+
+By default, string 1 is the highest string, and corresponds to the top
+line on the @code{TabStaff}. The tuning of the @code{TabStaff}
+strings defaults to the
+standard guitar tuning (with 6 strings). The notes are printed as
+tablature, by using @code{TabStaff} and @code{TabVoice} contexts. A
+calligraphic tablature clef is added automatically.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+\new TabStaff \relative c' {
+ a,8 a' <c e> a
+ d,8 a' <d f> a
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+Default tablatures do not contain any symbols for tone duration nor any
+other musical symbols such as e.g. expressive marks.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+symbols = {
+ \time 3/4
+ c4-.^"Allegro" d( e)
+ f4-.\f g a^\fermata
+ \mark \default
+ c8_.\<\( c16 c~ c2\!
+ c'2.\prall\)
+}
+
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new Staff { \clef "G_8" \symbols }
+ \new TabStaff { \symbols }
+ >>
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+@funindex \tabFullNotation
+
+If all musical symbols used in traditional notation should also show up
+in tablature one has to apply the command @code{\tabFullNotation} in a
+@code{TabStaff}-context. Please bear in mind that half notes are
+double-stemmed in tablature in order to distinguish them from quarter
+notes.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+symbols = {
+ \time 3/4
+ c4-.^"Allegro" d( e)
+ f4-.\f g a^\fermata
+ \mark \default
+ c8_.\<\( c16 c~ c2\!
+ c'2.\prall\)
+}
+
+\score {
+ \new TabStaff {
+ \tabFullNotation
+ \symbols
+ }
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex fret
+
+@funindex minimumFret
+
+By default pitches are assigned to the lowest playing position on the
+fret-board (first position). Open strings are automatically preferred.
+If you would like a certain pitch to be played on a specific string
+you can add a string number indication to the pitch name. If you
+define pitch names and string numbers without a chord construct
+(@code{<>}) the string number indications do not appear in traditional
+notation. It is much more comfortable to define the playing position
+by using the value of @code{minimumFret}. The default value for
+minimumFret is 0.
+
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+\new StaffGroup <<
+ \new Staff \relative c {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \time 2/4
+ c16 d e f g4
+ c,16\5 d\5 e\4 f\4 g4\4
+ c,16 d e f g4
+ }
+ \new TabStaff \relative c {
+ c16 d e f g4
+ c,16\5 d\5 e\4 f\4 g4\4
+ \set TabStaff.minimumFret = #5
+ c,16 d e f g4
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@funindex \tabChordRepetition
+
+Chord constructs can be repeated by the chord repetition symbol
+@code{q}. To use this feature in combination with tablature,
+@code{\tabChordRepetition} is provided. It preserves the string
+information explicitly given within chord constructs so repeated chords
+get identical tablature representations.
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\tabChordRepetition
+
+guitar = \relative c' {
+ r8 <gis\4 cis\3 b\2>~ q4 q8~ q q4
+}
+
+\new StaffGroup <<
+ \new Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \override Voice.StringNumber #'transparent = ##t
+ \guitar
+ }
+ \new TabStaff {
+ \guitar
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+
+Ties over a line break are parenthesized by default. The same holds for
+the second alternative of a repeat.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+ties = \relative c' {
+ \repeat volta 2 {
+ e2. f4~
+ f2 g2~
+ }
+ \alternative {
+ { g4 f2. }
+ { g4\repeatTie c,2. }
+ }
+ b1~
+ \break
+ b1
+ \bar "|."
+}
+
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new StaffGroup <<
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \ties
+ }
+ \context TabStaff {
+ \ties
+ }
+ >>
+ >>
+ \layout {
+ indent = #0
+ ragged-right = ##t
+ }
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+@funindex \hideSplitTiedTabNotes
+
+The command @code{\hideSplitTiedTabNotes} cancels the behavior of
+engraving fret numbers in parentheses:
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+ties = \relative c' {
+ \repeat volta 2 {
+ e2. f4~
+ f2 g2~ }
+ \alternative {
+ { g4 f2. }
+ { g4\repeatTie c,2. }
+ }
+ b1~
+ \break
+ b1
+ \bar "|."
+}
+
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new StaffGroup <<
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \ties
+ }
+ \context TabStaff {
+ \hideSplitTiedTabNotes
+ \ties
+ }
+ >>
+ >>
+ \layout {
+ indent = #0
+ ragged-right = ##t
+ }
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex harmonic indications in tablature notation
+@cindex tablature and harmonic indications
+@cindex slides in tablature notation
+@cindex tablature and slides
+@cindex chord glissandi
+@funindex \harmonic
+@funindex \harmonicByFret
+@funindex \harmonicByRatio
+@funindex \chordGlissando
+
+Harmonic indications can be added to tablature notation as sounding
+pitches:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+firstHarmonic = {
+ <d'\4\harmonic>4
+ <g'\3\harmonic>4
+ <b'\2\harmonic>2
+}
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new Staff { \firstHarmonic }
+ \new TabStaff { \firstHarmonic }
+ >>
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+Note that the command @code{\harmonic} must always be defined
+inside a chord construct. It only makes sense for open-string harmonics
+in the 12th fret. All other harmonics should be calculated by LilyPond.
+This can be achieved by indicating the fret where a finger of the
+fretting hand should touch a string.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+fretHarmonics = {
+ \harmonicByFret #5 d16\4
+ \harmonicByFret #4 d16\4
+ \harmonicByFret #3 d8\4
+ \harmonicByFret #5 <g\3 b\2>2.
+}
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new Staff { \fretHarmonics }
+ \new TabStaff { \fretHarmonics }
+ >>
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+Alternatively, harmonics can be computed by defining the ratio of
+string lengths above and below the harmonic fingering.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+ratioHarmonics = {
+ \harmonicByRatio #1/2 <g\3 b\2 e'\1>4
+ \harmonicByRatio #1/3 <g\3 b\2 e'\1>4
+ \harmonicByRatio #1/4 { g8\3 b8\2 e'4\1 }
+}
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new Staff { \ratioHarmonics }
+ \new TabStaff { \ratioHarmonics }
+ >>
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+
+@snippets
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{stem-and-beam-behavior-in-tablature.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{polyphony-in-tablature.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{open-string-harmonics-in-tablature.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{fretted-string-harmonics-in-tablature.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{slides-in-tablature.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{chord-glissando-in-tablature.ly}
+
+
+@seealso
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Stems},
+@ref{Harmonics},
+@ref{Glissando}.
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{TabNoteHead},
+@rinternals{TabStaff},
+@rinternals{TabVoice},
+@rinternals{Beam}.
+
+
+@knownissues
+
+Chords are not handled in a special way, and hence the automatic
+string selector may easily select the same string for two notes in
+a chord.
+
+In order to handle @code{\partcombine}, a @code{TabStaff} must use
+specially-created voices:
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+melodia = \partcombine { e4 g g g } { e4 e e e }
+<<
+ \new TabStaff <<
+ \new TabVoice = "one" s1
+ \new TabVoice = "two" s1
+ \new TabVoice = "shared" s1
+ \new TabVoice = "solo" s1
+ { \melodia }
+ >>
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Guitar special effects are limited to harmonics and slides.
+
+@node Custom tablatures
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Custom tablatures
+
+@cindex tablatures, custom
+@cindex tablature, banjo
+@cindex tablature, mandolin
+@cindex tablature, guitar
+@cindex tablature, bass guitar
+@cindex tablature, ukulele
+@cindex tablature, predefined string tunings
+@cindex fretted instruments, predefined string tunings
+@cindex predefined string tunings for fretted instruments
+@cindex tablature, violin
+@cindex tablature, viola
+@cindex tablature, cello
+@cindex tablature, bass
+@cindex tablature, double bass
+
+@funindex StringTunings
+
+LilyPond tablature automatically calculates the fret for
+a note based on the string to which the note is assigned.
+In order to do this, the tuning of the strings must be
+specified. The tuning of the strings is given in the
+@code{stringTunings} property.
+
+LilyPond comes with predefined string tunings for banjo, mandolin,
+guitar, bass guitar, ukulele, violin, viola, cello, and double bass.
+LilyPond automatically sets
+the correct transposition for predefined tunings. The following
+example is for bass guitar, which sounds an octave lower than
+written.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+<<
+ \new Staff {
+ \clef "bass_8"
+ \relative c, {
+ c4 d e f
+ }
+ }
+ \new TabStaff {
+ \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #bass-tuning
+ \relative c, {
+ c4 d e f
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+The default string tuning is @code{guitar-tuning}, which
+is the standard EADGBE tuning. Some other predefined tunings are
+@code{guitar-open-g-tuning}, @code{mandolin-tuning} and
+@code{banjo-open-g-tuning}. The predefined string tunings
+are found in @file{ly/string-tuning-init.ly}.
+
+@funindex contextStringTunings
+@funindex \contextStringTunings
+@cindex tablature, custom string tunings
+@cindex custom string tunings
+
+Any desired string tuning can be created. The
+@code{\contextStringTuning} function can be
+used to define a string tuning and set it as the
+@code{stringTunings} for the current context.
+@code{\contextStringTuning} takes two arguments: the
+symbol in which the string tuning will be stored,
+and a chord construct
+that defines the pitches of each string in the tuning.
+The chord construct must be in absolute octave mode,
+see @ref{Absolute octave entry}. The string
+with the highest number (generally the lowest string) must
+come first in the chord. For example, we can
+define a string tuning for a four-string instrument with pitches
+of @code{a''}, @code{d''}, @code{g'}, and @code{c'}:
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+
+mynotes = {
+ c'4 e' g' c'' |
+ e''4 g'' b'' c'''
+}
+
+<<
+ \new Staff {
+ \clef treble
+ \mynotes
+ }
+ \new TabStaff {
+ \contextStringTuning #'custom-tuning <c' g' d'' a''>
+ \mynotes
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+The @code{stringTunings} property is also used by
+@code{FretBoards} to calculate automatic fret diagrams.
+
+@funindex makeStringTuning
+@funindex \makeStringTuning
+
+String tunings are used as part of the hash key
+for predefined fret diagrams
+(see @ref{Predefined fret diagrams}). The @code{\makeStringTuning}
+function is used to create a string tuning without setting the
+@code{stringTunings} property in the current context. The
+arguments to @code{\makeStringTuning} are the symbol to be
+used for the new string tuning and a chord construct used
+to define the tuning.
+The previous example could also be written as follows:
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\makeStringTuning #'custom-tuning <c' g' d'' a''>
+
+mynotes = {
+ c'4 e' g' c'' |
+ e''4 g'' b'' c'''
+}
+
+<<
+ \new Staff {
+ \clef treble
+ \mynotes
+ }
+ \new TabStaff {
+ \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #custom-tuning
+ \mynotes
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Internally, a string tuning is a Scheme list of string pitches,
+one for each string, ordered by string number from 1 to N,
+where string 1 is at the top of the tablature staff and
+string N is at the bottom. This ordinarily results in ordering
+from highest pitch to lowest pitch, but some instruments
+(e.g. ukulele) do not have strings ordered by pitch.
+
+A string pitch in a string tuning list is a LilyPond pitch
+object. Pitch objects are created with the Scheme function
+@code{ly:make-pitch} (see @ref{Scheme functions}).
+
+If desired, a string tuning can be created as a Scheme
+literal. The example below recreates the examples above,
+but the string tuning is not saved as a separate object:
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+mynotes = {
+ c'4 e' g' c'' |
+ e''4 g'' b'' c'''
+}
+
+<<
+ \new Staff {
+ \clef treble
+ \mynotes
+ }
+ \new TabStaff {
+ \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #`(,(ly:make-pitch 1 5 0)
+ ,(ly:make-pitch 1 1 0)
+ ,(ly:make-pitch 0 4 0)
+ ,(ly:make-pitch 0 0 0))
+ \mynotes
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+LilyPond automatically calculates the number of lines in the
+@code{TabStaff} and the number of strings in an automatically
+calculated @code{FretBoard} as the number of elements
+in @code{stringTunings}.
+
+@cindex moderntab clef
+@cindex clef, moderntab
+@cindex clef, tab
+@cindex tab clef
+
+A modern tab clef can also be used.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+\new TabStaff {
+ \clef moderntab
+ <a, e a>1
+ \break
+ \clef tab
+ <a, e a>1
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+The modern tab clef supports tablatures from 4 to 7 strings.
+
+@seealso
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Absolute octave entry},
+@ref{Predefined fret diagrams},
+@ref{Scheme functions}.
+
+Installed Files:
+@file{ly/string-tuning-init.ly}
+@file{scm/tablature.scm}.
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{Tab_note_heads_engraver}.
+
+@knownissues
+Automatic tablature calculations do not work properly in most
+cases for instruments where string pitches do not vary
+monotonically with string number, such as ukuleles.
+
+@node Fret diagram markups
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Fret diagram markups
+
+@cindex fret diagrams
+@cindex chord diagrams
+@cindex diagrams, fret
+@cindex diagrams, chord for fretted instruments
+@cindex fret diagrams, custom
+@cindex custom fret diagrams
+
+Fret diagrams can be added to music as a markup to the desired
+note. The markup contains information about the desired fret
+diagram. There are three different fret-diagram markup
+interfaces: standard, terse, and verbose. The three interfaces
+produce equivalent markups, but have varying amounts of
+information in the markup string. Details about the
+syntax of the different markup strings used to define
+fret diagrams are found at @ref{Instrument Specific Markup}.
+
+The standard fret diagram markup string indicates the string
+number and the fret number for each dot to be placed on the string.
+In addition, open and unplayed (muted) strings can be indicated.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <c e g c' e'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-3;4-2;3-o;2-1;1-o;"
+ }
+ <d a d' f'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-1;"
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex barre indications
+
+Barre indications can be added to the diagram from
+the fret-diagram markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ f1 g
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <f, c f a c' f'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"c:6-1-1;6-1;5-3;4-3;3-2;2-1;1-1;"
+ }
+ <g, d g b d' g'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"c:6-1-3;6-3;5-5;4-5;3-4;2-3;1-3;"
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex fret-diagram markup
+@cindex ukulele
+
+@funindex fret-diagram
+@funindex \fret-diagram
+
+The size of the fret diagram, and the number of frets in the diagram
+can be changed in the fret-diagram markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ f1 g
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <f, c f a c' f'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"s:1.5;c:6-1-1;6-1;5-3;4-3;3-2;2-1;1-1;"
+ }
+ <g, b, d g b g'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"h:6;6-3;5-2;4-o;3-o;2-o;1-3;"
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+The number of strings in a fret diagram can be changed to accommodate
+different instruments such as banjos and ukuleles with the fret-diagram
+markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ a1
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ % An 'A' chord for ukulele
+ a'1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"w:4;4-2-2;3-1-1;2-o;1-o;"
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Fingering indications can be added, and the location of fingering labels
+can be controlled by the fret-diagram markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <c e g c' e'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"f:1;6-x;5-3-3;4-2-2;3-o;2-1-1;1-o;"
+ }
+ <d a d' f'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"f:2;6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2-2;2-3-3;1-1-1;"
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Dot radius and dot position can be controlled with the fret-diagram
+markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <c e g c' e'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"d:0.35;6-x;5-3;4-2;3-o;2-1;1-o;"
+ }
+ <d a d' f'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"p:0.2;6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-1;"
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex fret-diagram-terse markup
+
+@funindex fret-diagram-terse
+@funindex \fret-diagram-terse
+
+The fret-diagram-terse markup string omits string numbers; the string
+number is implied by the presence of semicolons. There is one semicolon
+for each string in the diagram. The first semicolon corresponds to the
+highest string number and the last semicolon corresponds to the first string.
+Mute strings, open strings, and fret numbers can be indicated.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <c e g c' e'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3;2;o;1;o;"
+ }
+ <d a d' f'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2;3;1;"
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Barre indicators can be included in the fret-diagram-terse markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ f1 g
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <f, c f a c' f'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"1-(;3;3;2;1;1-);"
+ }
+ <g, d g b d' g'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"3-(;5;5;4;3;3-);"
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Fingering indications can be included in the fret-diagram-terse markup string.
+
+@c Need to use override to enable fingerings to show this -- can we do so?
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \override Voice.TextScript
+ #'(fret-diagram-details finger-code) = #'below-string
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <c e g c' e'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3-3;2-2;o;1-1;o;"
+ }
+ <d a d' f'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2-2;3-3;1-1;"
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Other fret diagram properties must be adjusted using
+@code{\override} when using the fret-diagram-terse markup.
+
+@cindex fret-diagram-verbose markup
+@cindex capo
+
+@funindex fret-diagram-verbose
+@funindex \fret-diagram-verbose
+
+The fret-diagram-verbose markup string is in the format of a Scheme list. Each
+element of the list indicates an item to be placed on the fret diagram.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <c e g c' e'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
+ (mute 6)
+ (place-fret 5 3)
+ (place-fret 4 2)
+ (open 3)
+ (place-fret 2 1)
+ (open 1)
+ )
+ }
+ <d a d' f'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
+ (mute 6)
+ (mute 5)
+ (open 4)
+ (place-fret 3 2)
+ (place-fret 2 3)
+ (place-fret 1 1)
+ )
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Fingering indications and barres can be included in a
+fret-diagram-verbose markup string. Unique to the
+fret-diagram-verbose interface is a capo indication that
+can be placed on the fret diagram. The capo indication is
+a thick bar that covers all strings. The fret with the
+capo will be the lowest fret in the fret diagram.
+
+@c \override is necessary to make fingering visible
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ f1 g c
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \override Voice.TextScript
+ #'(fret-diagram-details finger-code) = #'below-string
+ <f, c f a c' f'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
+ (place-fret 6 1)
+ (place-fret 5 3)
+ (place-fret 4 3)
+ (place-fret 3 2)
+ (place-fret 2 1)
+ (place-fret 1 1)
+ (barre 6 1 1)
+ )
+ }
+ <g, b, d g b g'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
+ (place-fret 6 3 2)
+ (place-fret 5 2 1)
+ (open 4)
+ (open 3)
+ (open 2)
+ (place-fret 1 3 3)
+ )
+ }
+ <c e g c' e'>1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
+ (capo 3)
+ (mute 6)
+ (place-fret 4 5 1)
+ (place-fret 3 5 2)
+ (place-fret 2 5 3)
+ )
+ }
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+All other fret diagram properties must be adjusted using
+@code{\override} when using the fret-diagram-verbose markup.
+
+@ignore
+The following example shows the three fret-diagram markup
+interfaces, along with examples of common tweaks. For example,
+the size of the verbose fret diagram is reduced to 0.75, and the
+finger indications are specified to appear below the diagram. The
+terse diagram includes tweaks to specify placement of finger code
+and color of dots.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
+\new Voice {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ d4^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-2;"
+ }
+ d4 d d
+ fis^\markup {
+ \override #'(size . 0.75) {
+ \override #'(finger-code . below-string) {
+ \fret-diagram-verbose #'((place-fret 6 2 1) (barre 6 1 2)
+ (place-fret 5 4 3)
+ (place-fret 4 4 4)
+ (place-fret 3 3 2)
+ (place-fret 2 2 1)
+ (place-fret 1 2 1))
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ fis4 fis fis
+ c^\markup {
+ \override #'(dot-radius . 0.35) {
+ \override #'(finger-code . in-dot) {
+ \override #'(dot-color . white) {
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3-1-(;5-2;5-3;5-4;3-1-);"
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ c4 c c
+}
+@end lilypond
+@end ignore
+
+@cindex customized fret diagram
+@cindex fret diagram, customized
+@cindex diagram, fret, customized
+
+@funindex fret-diagram-interface
+
+The graphical layout of a fret diagram can be customized according to
+user preference through the properties of the
+@code{fret-diagram-interface}. Details are found at
+@rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}. For a fret diagram
+markup, the interface properties belong to @code{Voice.TextScript}.
+
+@snippets
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{changing-fret-orientations.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{customizing-markup-fret-diagrams.ly}
+
+@seealso
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Instrument Specific Markup}.
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}.
+
+
+@node Predefined fret diagrams
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Predefined fret diagrams
+
+
+@cindex fret diagrams
+@cindex fret diagrams, ukulele
+@cindex fret diagrams, mandolin
+@cindex chord diagrams
+
+@funindex FretBoards
+@funindex stringTunings
+
+Fret diagrams can be displayed using the @code{FretBoards} context. By
+default, the @code{FretBoards} context will display fret diagrams that
+are stored in a lookup table:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
+\include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
+\context FretBoards {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d
+ }
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+The default predefined fret diagrams are contained in the file
+@file{predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly}. Fret diagrams are
+stored based on the pitches of a chord and the value of
+@code{stringTunings} that is currently in use.
+@file{predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly} contains predefined
+fret diagrams only for @code{guitar-tuning}. Predefined fret
+diagrams can be added for other instruments or other tunings
+by following the examples found in
+@file{predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly}.
+
+Fret diagrams for the ukulele are contained in the file
+@file{predefined-ukulele-fretboards.ly}.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
+\include "predefined-ukulele-fretboards.ly"
+
+myChords = \chordmode { a1 a:m a:aug }
+
+\new ChordNames {
+ \myChords
+}
+
+\new FretBoards {
+ \set stringTunings = #ukulele-tuning
+ \myChords
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+Fret diagrams for the mandolin are contained in the file
+@file{predefined-mandolin-fretboards.ly}.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
+\include "predefined-mandolin-fretboards.ly"
+
+myChords = \chordmode { c1 c:m7.5- c:aug }
+
+\new ChordNames {
+ \myChords
+}
+
+\new FretBoards {
+ \set stringTunings = #mandolin-tuning
+ \myChords
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+Chord pitches can be entered
+either as simultaneous music or using chord mode (see
+@ref{Chord mode overview}).
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right,quote]
+\include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
+\context FretBoards {
+ \chordmode { c1 }
+ <c' e' g'>1
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex chord names with fret diagrams
+@cindex fret diagrams with chord names
+
+@funindex ChordNames
+@funindex chordmode
+@funindex \chordmode
+
+It is common that both chord names and fret diagrams are displayed together.
+This is achieved by putting a @code{ChordNames} context in parallel with
+a @code{FretBoards} context and giving both contexts the same music.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
+\include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
+mychords = \chordmode{
+ c1 f g
+}
+
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \mychords
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ \mychords
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex transposing fret diagrams
+@cindex fret diagrams, transposing
+@cindex diagrams, fret, transposing
+
+Predefined fret diagrams are transposable, as long as a diagram for the
+transposed chord is stored in the fret diagram table.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
+\include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
+mychords = \chordmode{
+ c1 f g
+}
+
+mychordlist = {
+ \mychords
+ \transpose c e { \mychords }
+}
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \mychordlist
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ \mychordlist
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+
+The predefined fret diagram table for guitar contains eight chords (major, minor,
+augmented, diminished, dominant seventh, major seventh, minor seventh, dominant ninth)
+for each of 17 keys.
+The predefined fret diagram table for ukulele contains these chords
+plus an additional three chords (major sixth, suspended second, and
+suspended fourth).
+A complete list of the predefined fret diagrams is
+shown in @ref{Predefined fretboard diagrams}. If there is no entry in
+the table for a chord, the FretBoards engraver will calculate a
+fret-diagram using the automatic fret diagram functionality described in
+@ref{Automatic fret diagrams}.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
+\include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
+mychords = \chordmode{
+ c1 c:maj9
+}
+
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \mychords
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ \mychords
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex fret diagrams, adding custom
+@cindex custom fret diagrams, adding
+@cindex adding custom fret diagrams
+
+Fret diagrams can be added to the fret diagram table. To add a diagram,
+you must specify the hash table for the diagram, the chord for the
+diagram, the tuning to be used, and
+a definition for the diagram. Normally, the hash table will be
+@var{default-fret-table}. The diagram definition can be either a
+fret-diagram-terse definition string or a fret-diagram-verbose
+marking list.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
+\include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
+
+\storePredefinedDiagram #default-fret-table
+ \chordmode { c:maj9 }
+ #guitar-tuning
+ #"x;3-2;o;o;o;o;"
+
+mychords = \chordmode {
+ c1 c:maj9
+}
+
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \mychords
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ \mychords
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Different fret diagrams for the same chord name can be stored using different
+octaves of pitches. The different octave should be at least two octaves
+above or below the default octave, because the octaves above and below the
+default octave are used for transposing fretboards.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
+\include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
+
+\storePredefinedDiagram #default-fret-table
+ \chordmode { c'' }
+ #guitar-tuning
+ #(offset-fret 2 (chord-shape 'bes guitar-tuning))
+
+mychords = \chordmode {
+ c1 c''
+}
+
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \mychords
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ \mychords
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex fretted instruments, chord shapes
+@cindex chord shapes for fretted instruments
+
+@funindex \addChordShape
+@funindex addChordShape
+@funindex storePredefinedDiagram
+@funindex \storePredefinedDiagram
+
+In addition to fret diagrams, LilyPond stores an internal list of chord
+shapes. The chord shapes are fret diagrams that can be shifted along
+the neck to different positions to provide different chords. Chord
+shapes can be added to the internal list and then used to define
+predefined fret diagrams. Because they can be moved to various
+positions on the neck, chord shapes will normally not contain
+any open strings. Like fret diagrams, chord shapes can be
+entered as either fret-diagram-terse strings or fret-diagram-verbose
+marking lists.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
+\include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
+
+% Add a new chord shape
+
+\addChordShape #'powerf #guitar-tuning #"1-1;3-3;3-4;x;x;x;"
+
+% add some new chords based on the power chord shape
+
+\storePredefinedDiagram #default-fret-table
+ \chordmode { f'' }
+ #guitar-tuning
+ #(chord-shape 'powerf guitar-tuning)
+\storePredefinedDiagram #default-fret-table
+ \chordmode { g'' }
+ #guitar-tuning
+ #(offset-fret 2 (chord-shape 'powerf guitar-tuning))
+
+mychords = \chordmode{
+ f1 f'' g g''
+}
+
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \mychords
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ \mychords
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+The graphical layout of a fret diagram can be customized according to
+user preference through the properties of the
+@code{fret-diagram-interface}. Details are found at
+@rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}. For a predefined fret diagram,
+the interface properties belong to @code{FretBoards.FretBoard}.
+
+@snippets
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{customizing-fretboard-fret-diagrams.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{defining-predefined-fretboards-for-other-instruments.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{chordchanges-for-fretboards.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{fretboards-alternate-tables.ly}
+
+
+@seealso
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Custom tablatures},
+@ref{Automatic fret diagrams},
+@ref{Chord mode overview},
+@ref{Predefined fretboard diagrams}.
+
+Installed Files:
+@file{ly/predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly},
+@file{ly/predefined-guitar-ninth-fretboards.ly},
+@file{ly/predefined-ukulele-fretboards.ly},
+@file{ly/predefined-mandolin-fretboards.ly}.
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals {fret-diagram-interface}.
+
+
+@node Automatic fret diagrams
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Automatic fret diagrams
+
+@cindex fret diagrams, automatic
+@cindex chord diagrams, automatic
+@cindex automatic fret diagrams
+@cindex automatic chord diagrams
+
+Fret diagrams can be automatically created from entered notes using the
+@code{FretBoards} context. If no predefined diagram is available for
+the entered notes in the active @code{stringTunings}, this context
+calculates strings and frets that can be used to play the notes.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ f1 g
+ }
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ <f, c f a c' f'>1
+ <g,\6 b, d g b g'>1
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <f, c f a c' f'>1
+ <g, b, d g b' g'>1
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@funindex predefinedFretboardsOff
+@funindex \predefinedFretboardsOff
+@funindex predefinedFretboardsOn
+@funindex \predefinedFretboardsOn
+
+As no predefined diagrams are loaded by default, automatic calculation
+of fret diagrams is the default behavior. Once default diagrams are
+loaded, automatic calculation can be enabled and disabled with predefined
+commands:
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+
+\storePredefinedDiagram #default-fret-table
+ <c e g c' e'>
+ #guitar-tuning
+ #"x;3-1-(;5-2;5-3;5-4;3-1-1-);"
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 c c
+ }
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ <c e g c' e'>1
+ \predefinedFretboardsOff
+ <c e g c' e'>1
+ \predefinedFretboardsOn
+ <c e g c' e'>1
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <c e g c' e'>1
+ <c e g c' e'>1
+ <c e g c' e'>1
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+
+
+Sometimes the fretboard calculator will be unable to find
+an acceptable diagram. This can often be remedied by
+manually assigning a note to a string. In many cases, only one
+note need be manually placed on a string; the rest of
+the notes will then be placed appropriately by the
+@code{FretBoards} context.
+
+@cindex fret diagrams, adding fingerings
+@cindex fingerings, adding to fret diagrams
+
+Fingerings can be added to FretBoard fret diagrams.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ <c-3 e-2 g c'-1 e'>1
+ <d a-2 d'-3 f'-1>1
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <c e g c' e'>1
+ <d a d' f'>1
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@funindex minimumFret
+
+The minimum fret to be used in calculating strings and frets for
+the FretBoard context can be set with the @code{minimumFret}
+property.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ d1:m d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ <d a d' f'>1
+ \set FretBoards.minimumFret = #5
+ <d a d' f'>1
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <d a d' f'>1
+ <d a d' f'>1
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+The strings and frets for the @code{FretBoards} context depend
+on the @code{stringTunings} property, which has the same meaning
+as in the TabStaff context. See @ref{Custom tablatures} for
+information on the @code{stringTunings} property.
+
+The graphical layout of a fret diagram can be customized according to
+user preference through the properties of the
+@code{fret-diagram-interface}. Details are found at
+@rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}. For a @code{FretBoards} fret
+diagram, the interface properties belong to
+@code{FretBoards.FretBoard}.
+
+
+@predefined
+@code{\predefinedFretboardsOff},
+@code{\predefinedFretboardsOn}.
+@endpredefined
+
+
+@seealso
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Custom tablatures}.
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals {fret-diagram-interface}.
+
+@knownissues
+Automatic fretboard calculations do not work properly for instruments
+with non-monotonic tunings.
+
+
+@node Right-hand fingerings
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Right-hand fingerings
+
+@cindex fretted instruments, right hand fingerings
+@cindex fingerings, right hand for fretted instruments
+@cindex right hand fingerings for fretted instruments
+
+@funindex rightHandFinger
+@funindex \rightHandFinger
+
+Right-hand fingerings @var{p-i-m-a} must be entered within a
+chord construct @code{<>} for them to be printed in the score,
+even when applied to a single note.
+
+@warning{There @strong{must} be a hyphen before
+@code{@bs{}rightHandFinger} and a space before the closing @code{>}.}
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=0]
+\clef "treble_8"
+<c-\rightHandFinger #1 >4
+<e-\rightHandFinger #2 >
+<g-\rightHandFinger #3 >
+<c-\rightHandFinger #4 >
+<c,-\rightHandFinger #1 e-\rightHandFinger #2
+ g-\rightHandFinger #3 c-\rightHandFinger #4 >1
+@end lilypond
+
+For convenience, you can abbreviate @code{\rightHandFinger} to something
+short, for example @code{RH},
+
+@example
+#(define RH rightHandFinger)
+@end example
+
+
+@snippets
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{placement-of-right-hand-fingerings.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{fingerings,-string-indications,-and-right-hand-fingerings.ly}
+
+
+@seealso
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{StrokeFinger}.
+
+
+@node Guitar
+@subsection Guitar
+
+Most of the notational issues associated with guitar music are
+covered sufficiently in the general fretted strings section, but there
+are a few more worth covering here. Occasionally users want to
+create songbook-type documents having only lyrics with chord
+indications above them. Since LilyPond is a music typesetter,
+it is not recommended for documents that have no music notation
+in them. A better alternative is a word processor, text editor,
+or, for experienced users, a typesetter like GuitarTeX.
+
+@menu
+* Indicating position and barring::
+* Indicating harmonics and dampened notes::
+* Indicating power chords::
+@end menu
+
+@node Indicating position and barring
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Indicating position and barring
+
+@cindex indicating position and barring for fretted instruments
+@cindex fretted instruments, indicating position and barring
+
+This example demonstrates how to include guitar position and
+barring indications.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,relative=0]
+\clef "treble_8"
+b16 d g b e
+\textSpannerDown
+\override TextSpanner #'(bound-details left text) = #"XII "
+g16\startTextSpan
+b16 e g e b g\stopTextSpan
+e16 b g d
+@end lilypond
+
+
+@seealso
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Text spanners}.
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings},
+@rlsr{Expressive marks}.
+
+
+@node Indicating harmonics and dampened notes
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Indicating harmonics and dampened notes
+
+@cindex fretted instruments, dampened notes
+@cindex fretted instruments, harmonics
+@cindex dampened notes on fretted instruments
+@cindex harmonics on fretted instruments
+
+Special note heads can be used to indicate dampened notes or
+harmonics. Harmonics are normally further explained with a
+text markup.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+\relative c' {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \override Staff.NoteHead #'style = #'harmonic-mixed
+ d^\markup { \italic { \fontsize #-2 { "harm. 12" }}} <g b>1
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+Dampened notes (also called @notation{dead notes}) are supported
+within normal and tablature staves:
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+music = \relative c' {
+ < a\3 \deadNote c\2 a'\1 >4
+ < b\3 \deadNote d\2 b'\1 >
+ < c\3 \deadNote e\2 c'\1 >
+ \deadNotesOn
+ \times 2/3 { g8 b e }
+ \deadNotesOff
+ < a,\3 c\2 e\1 >1
+}
+\new StaffGroup <<
+ \new Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \music
+ }
+ \new TabStaff {
+ \music
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Another playing technique (especially used on electric guitars) is
+called @notation{palm mute}. The string is hereby partly muted by the
+palm of the striking hand (hence the name). Lilypond supports
+the notation of palm mute-style notes by changing the note head to a
+triangle shape.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+\new Voice { % Warning: explicit Voice instantiation is
+ % required to have palmMuteOff work properly
+ % when palmMuteOn comes at the beginning of
+ % the piece.
+ \relative c, {
+ \clef "G_8"
+ \palmMuteOn
+ e8^\markup { \musicglyph #"noteheads.u2do" = palm mute }
+ < e b' e > e
+ \palmMuteOff
+ e e \palmMute e e e |
+ e8 \palmMute { e e e } e e e e |
+ < \palmMute e b' e >8 \palmMute { e e e } < \palmMute e b' e >2
+ }
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+@seealso
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Special note heads},
+@ref{Note head styles}.
+
+
+@node Indicating power chords
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Indicating power chords
+
+@funindex powerChords
+@funindex \powerChords
+
+@cindex power chords
+@cindex chords, power
+
+Power chords and their symbols can be engraved in chord mode or as chord
+constructs:
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+ChordsAndSymbols = {
+ \chordmode {
+ \powerChords
+ e,,1:1.5
+ a,,1:1.5.8
+ \set minimumFret = #8
+ c,1:1.5
+ f,1:1.5.8
+ }
+ \set minimumFret = #5
+ <a, e>1
+ <g d' g'>1
+}
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new ChordNames {
+ \ChordsAndSymbols
+ }
+ \new Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \ChordsAndSymbols
+ }
+ \new TabStaff {
+ \ChordsAndSymbols
+ }
+ >>
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+Power chord symbols are automatically switched off as soon as one of the
+other common chord modifier is used:
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+mixedChords = \chordmode {
+ c,1
+ \powerChords
+ b,,1:1.5
+ fis,,1:1.5.8
+ g,,1:m
+}
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new ChordNames {
+ \mixedChords
+ }
+ \new Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \mixedChords
+ }
+ \new TabStaff {
+ \mixedChords
+ }
+ >>
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+@seealso
+Music Glossary:
+@rglos{power chord}.
+
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Extended and altered chords},
+@ref{Printing chord names}.
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+
+@node Banjo
+@subsection Banjo
+
+@menu
+* Banjo tablatures::
+@end menu
+
+@node Banjo tablatures
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Banjo tablatures
+
+@cindex banjo tablatures
+@cindex tablature, banjo
+
+LilyPond has basic support for the five-string banjo. When making tablatures
+for five-string banjo, use the banjo tablature format function to get
+correct fret numbers for the fifth string:
+
+@c due to crazy intervals of banjo music, absolute pitch is recommended
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+\new TabStaff <<
+ \set TabStaff.tablatureFormat = #fret-number-tablature-format-banjo
+ \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #banjo-open-g-tuning
+ {
+ \stemDown
+ g8 d' g'\5 a b g e d' |
+ g4 d''8\5 b' a'\2 g'\5 e'\2 d' |
+ g4
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex banjo tunings
+@cindex tunings, banjo
+
+@funindex banjo-c-tuning
+@funindex banjo-modal-tuning
+@funindex banjo-open-d-tuning
+@funindex banjo-open-dm-tuning
+@funindex four-string-banjo
+
+A number of common tunings for banjo are predefined in LilyPond:
+@code{banjo-c-tuning} (gCGBD), @code{banjo-modal-tuning} (gDGCD),
+@code{banjo-open-d-tuning} (aDF#AD) and @code{banjo-open-dm-tuning}
+(aDFAD).
+
+These tunings may be converted to four-string banjo tunings using the
+@code{four-string-banjo} function:
+
+@example
+\set TabStaff.stringTunings = #(four-string-banjo banjo-c-tuning)
+@end example
+
+
+@seealso
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Installed Files:
+@file{scm/string-tunings-init.scm} contains predefined banjo tunings.
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff