1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
3 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
5 When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the
6 version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details.
15 * Percussion sections::
18 @node Percussion sections
19 @subsection Percussion sections
21 Rhythmic music is primarily used for percussion and drum notation, but it can
22 also be used to show the rhythms of melodies.
25 * Showing melody rhythms::
26 * Entering percussion::
32 @node Showing melody rhythms
33 @subsubsection Showing melody rhythms
35 Sometimes you might want to show only the rhythm of a melody. This
36 can be done with the rhythmic staff. All pitches of notes on such a
37 staff are squashed, and the staff itself has a single line
39 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=1,verbatim]
42 c4 e8 f g2 | r4 g r2 | g1:32 | r1 |
48 Internals Reference: @internalsref{RhythmicStaff}.
51 @node Entering percussion
52 @subsubsection Entering percussion
58 Percussion notes may be entered in @code{\drummode} mode, which is
59 similar to the standard mode for entering notes. Each piece of
60 percussion has a full name and an abbreviated name, and both can be used
63 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
69 The complete list of drum names is in the init file
70 @file{ly/@/drumpitch@/-init@/.ly}.
71 @c TODO: properly document this.
75 Internals Reference: @internalsref{note-event}.
77 @node Percussion staves
78 @subsubsection Percussion staves
82 A percussion part for more than one instrument typically uses a
83 multiline staff where each position in the staff refers to one piece
87 To typeset the music, the notes must be interpreted in a
88 @internalsref{DrumStaff} and @internalsref{DrumVoice} contexts
90 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
91 up = \drummode { crashcymbal4 hihat8 halfopenhihat hh hh hh openhihat }
92 down = \drummode { bassdrum4 snare8 bd r bd sn4 }
94 \new DrumVoice { \voiceOne \up }
95 \new DrumVoice { \voiceTwo \down }
99 The above example shows verbose polyphonic notation. The short
100 polyphonic notation, described in @rlearning{I'm seeing Voices},
101 can also be used if the @internalsref{DrumVoice}s are instantiated
102 by hand first. For example,
104 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
106 \new DrumVoice = "1" { s1 *2 }
107 \new DrumVoice = "2" { s1 *2 }
111 { \repeat unfold 16 hh16 }
120 There are also other layout possibilities. To use these, set the
121 property @code{drumStyleTable} in context @internalsref{DrumVoice}.
122 The following variables have been predefined
126 This is the default. It typesets a typical drum kit on a five-line staff
128 @lilypond[quote,line-width=10.0\cm]
130 cymc cyms cymr hh hhc hho hhho hhp
131 cb hc bd sn ss tomh tommh tomml toml tomfh tomfl }
133 cymc cyms cymr hh hhc hho hhho hhp \break
134 cb hc bd sn ss tomh tommh tomml toml tomfh tomfl s16 }
136 << \new DrumStaff \with {
138 \remove Time_signature_engraver
139 \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
140 \override Stem #'Y-extent-callback = ##f
141 \override VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-4.0 . 5.0)
148 \override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
149 \override BarNumber #'transparent =##T
155 The drum scheme supports six different toms. When there are fewer toms,
156 simply select the toms that produce the desired result, i.e., to get toms
157 on the three middle lines you use @code{tommh}, @code{tomml}, and
161 This typesets timbales on a two line staff
163 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right]
164 nam = \lyricmode { timh ssh timl ssl cb }
165 mus = \drummode { timh ssh timl ssl cb s16 }
168 \new DrumStaff \with {
170 \remove Time_signature_engraver
171 \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
172 \override Stem #'Y-extent-callback = ##f
173 \override StaffSymbol #'line-count = #2
174 \override StaffSymbol #'staff-space = #2
175 \override VerticalAxisGroup #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-3.0 . 4.0)
176 drumStyleTable = #timbales-style
179 \override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
186 This typesets congas on a two line staff
188 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right]
189 nam = \lyricmode { cgh cgho cghm ssh cgl cglo cglm ssl }
190 mus = \drummode { cgh cgho cghm ssh cgl cglo cglm ssl s16 }
193 \new DrumStaff \with {
195 \remove Time_signature_engraver
196 drumStyleTable = #congas-style
197 \override StaffSymbol #'line-count = #2
199 %% this sucks; it will lengthen stems.
200 \override StaffSymbol #'staff-space = #2
201 \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
202 \override Stem #'Y-extent-callback = ##f
205 \override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
212 This typesets bongos on a two line staff
214 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right]
215 nam = \lyricmode { boh boho bohm ssh bol bolo bolm ssl }
216 mus = \drummode { boh boho bohm ssh bol bolo bolm ssl s16 }
219 \new DrumStaff \with {
221 \remove Time_signature_engraver
222 \override StaffSymbol #'line-count = #2
223 drumStyleTable = #bongos-style
225 %% this sucks; it will lengthen stems.
226 \override StaffSymbol #'staff-space = #2
227 \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
228 \override Stem #'Y-extent-callback = ##f
231 \override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
237 @item percussion-style
238 To typeset all kinds of simple percussion on one line staves.
240 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right]
241 nam = \lyricmode { tri trio trim gui guis guil cb cl tamb cab mar hc }
242 mus = \drummode { tri trio trim gui guis guil cb cl tamb cab mar hc s16 }
245 \new DrumStaff \with{
247 drumStyleTable = #percussion-style
248 \override StaffSymbol #'line-count = #1
249 \remove Time_signature_engraver
250 \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
251 \override Stem #'Y-extent-callback = ##f
254 \override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
261 If you do not like any of the predefined lists you can define your own
262 list at the top of your file
264 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
266 (bassdrum default #f -1)
269 (pedalhihat xcircle "stopped" 2)
270 (lowtom diamond #f 3)))
271 up = \drummode { hh8 hh hh hh hhp4 hhp }
272 down = \drummode { bd4 sn bd toml8 toml }
275 \set DrumStaff.drumStyleTable = #(alist->hash-table mydrums)
276 \new DrumVoice { \voiceOne \up }
277 \new DrumVoice { \voiceTwo \down }
284 Init files: @file{ly/@/drumpitch@/-init@/.ly}.
286 Internals Reference: @internalsref{DrumStaff}, @internalsref{DrumVoice}.
290 Because general MIDI does not contain rim shots, the sidestick is used
291 for this purpose instead.
294 @c TODO: check name -gp
296 @subsubsection Ghost notes
298 Ghost notes for drums and percussion may be created using the
299 @code{\parenthesize} command detailed in @ref{Parentheses}. However,
300 the default @code{\drummode} does
301 not include the @code{Parenthesis_engraver} plugin which allows
303 must add the plugin explicitly in the context definition as
304 detailed in @ref{Changing context properties on the fly}.
306 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,fragment]
307 \new DrumStaff \with {
308 \consists "Parenthesis_engraver"
310 \context DrumVoice = "1" { s1 *2 }
311 \context DrumVoice = "2" { s1 *2 }
315 hh8[ hh] <hh sn> hh16
316 < \parenthesize sn > hh < \parenthesize
327 Also note that you must add chords (@code{< >} brackets)
328 around each @code{\parenthesize} statement.