1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
3 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
5 When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the
6 version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details.
11 @node Fretted string instruments
12 @section Fretted string instruments
14 @lilypondfile[quote]{fretted-headword.ly}
16 This section discusses several aspects of music notation that are unique
17 to fretted string instruments.
20 @cindex guitar tablature
23 * Common notation for fretted strings::
28 @node Common notation for fretted strings
29 @subsection Common notation for fretted strings
31 This section discusses common notation that is unique
32 to fretted string instruments.
35 * References for fretted strings::
36 * String number indications::
37 * Default tablatures::
39 * Fret diagram markups::
40 * Predefined fret diagrams::
41 * Automatic fret diagrams::
42 * Right-hand fingerings::
45 @node References for fretted strings
46 @unnumberedsubsubsec References for fretted strings
48 Music for fretted string instruments is normally notated on
49 a single staff, either in traditional music notation or in
50 tablature. Sometimes the two types are combined, and it is
51 especially common in popular music to use chord diagrams above
52 a staff of traditional notation. The guitar and the banjo are
53 transposing instruments, sounding an octave lower than written.
54 Scores for these instruments should use the @code{"treble_8"} clef.
55 Some other elements pertinent to fretted string instruments
56 are covered elsewhere:
59 @item Fingerings are indicated with @ref{Fingering instructions}.
61 @item Instructions for @notation{Laissez vibrer} ties
62 as well as ties on arpeggios and tremolos is described in
65 @item Instructions on handling multiple voices is described
66 in @ref{Collision resolution}.
73 @ref{Fingering instructions},
75 @ref{Collision resolution},
76 @ref{Instrument names},
77 @ref{Writing music in parallel},
79 @ref{List of articulations},
82 @node String number indications
83 @unnumberedsubsubsec String number indications
85 @cindex String numbers
87 The string on which a note should be played may be indicated by
88 appending @code{\@var{number}} to a note inside a chord construct
91 @warning{String numbers @strong{must} be defined inside a chord
92 construct even if there is only a single note.}
94 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=0]
100 When fingerings and string indications are used together, their
101 placement is controlled by the order in which the two items appear
104 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
112 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
113 {controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings.ly}
115 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
116 {allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff.ly}
121 @ref{Fingering instructions}.
124 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
127 @rinternals{StringNumber},
128 @rinternals{Fingering}.
131 @node Default tablatures
132 @unnumberedsubsubsec Default tablatures
133 @cindex Tablatures, basic
134 @cindex Tablatures, default
136 Tablature notation is used for notating music for plucked string
137 instruments. Pitches are not denoted with note heads, but by
138 numbers indicating on which string and fret a note must be played.
139 LilyPond offers limited support for tablature.
141 The string number associated with a note is given as a backslash
142 followed by a number. By default, string 1 is the highest,
143 and the tuning defaults to the standard guitar tuning (with 6 strings).
144 The notes are printed as tablature, by using @code{TabStaff} and
145 @code{TabVoice} contexts
147 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
154 @funindex minimumFret
158 When no string is specified for a note, the note is assigned to
159 the lowest string that can generate the note with a fret number
160 greater than or equal to the value of @code{minimumFret}.
161 The default value for @code{minimumFret} is 0.
164 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
166 \new Staff \relative c {
171 \new TabStaff \relative c {
173 \set TabStaff.minimumFret = #5
181 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
182 {stem-and-beam-behavior-in-tablature.ly}
184 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
185 {polyphony-in-tablature.ly}
193 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
196 @rinternals{TabNoteHead},
197 @rinternals{TabStaff},
198 @rinternals{TabVoice},
203 Chords are not handled in a special way, and hence the automatic
204 string selector may easily select the same string for two notes in
207 In order to handle @code{\partcombine}, a @code{TabStaff} must use
208 specially-created voices:
210 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
211 melodia = \partcombine { e4 g g g }{ e4 e e e }
214 \new TabVoice = "one" s1
215 \new TabVoice = "two" s1
216 \new TabVoice = "shared" s1
217 \new TabVoice = "solo" s1
224 @node Custom tablatures
225 @unnumberedsubsubsec Custom tablatures
226 @cindex Tablatures, custom
228 LilyPond tabulature automatically calculates the fret for
229 a note based on the string to which the note is assigned.
230 In order to do this, the tuning of the strings must be
231 specified. The tuning of the strings is given in the
232 @code{StringTunings} property.
234 LilyPond comes with predefined string tunings for banjo, mandolin,
235 guitar and bass guitar. Lilypond automatically sets the correct
236 transposition for predefined tunings. The following example is
237 for bass guitar, which sounds an octave lower than written.
239 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
248 \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #bass-tuning
256 The default string tuning is @code{guitar-tuning}, which
257 is the standard EADGBE tuning. Some other predefined tunings are
258 @code{guitar-open-g-tuning}, @code{mandolin-tuning} and
259 @code{banjo-open-g-tuning}. The predefined string tunings
260 are found in @code{scm/output-lib.scm}.
262 A string tuning is a Scheme list of string pitches,
263 one for each string, ordered by string number from 1 to N,
264 where string 1 is at the top of the tablature staff and
265 string N is at the bottom. This ordinarily results in ordering
266 from highest pitch to lowest pitch, but some instruments
267 (e.g. ukulele) do not have strings ordered by pitch.
269 A string pitch in a string tuning list is the pitch difference
270 of the open string from middle C measured in semitones. The
271 string pitch must be an integer. Lilypond calculates the actual
272 pitch of the string by adding the string tuning pitch to the
273 actual pitch for middle C.
275 LilyPond automatically calculates the number of strings in the
276 @code{TabStaff} as the number of elements in @code{stringTunings}.
278 Any desired string tuning can be created. For example, we can
279 define a string tuning for a four-string instrument with pitches
280 of @code{a''}, @code{d''}, @code{g'}, and @code{c'}:
283 @lilypond[quote,verbatim]
295 \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #'(21 14 7 0)
304 @file{scm/output-lib.scm}.
307 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
310 @rinternals{Tab_note_heads_engraver}.
314 No guitar special effects have been implemented.
317 @node Fret diagram markups
318 @unnumberedsubsubsec Fret diagram markups
319 @cindex fret diagrams
320 @cindex chord diagrams
322 Fret diagrams can be added to music as a markup to the desired
323 note. The markup contains information about the desired fret
324 diagram. There are three different fret-diagram markup
325 interfaces: standard, terse, and verbose. The three interfaces
326 produce equivalent markups, but have varying amounts of
327 information in the markup string. Details about the markup
328 interfaces are found at @ref{Text markup commands}.
330 The standard fret diagram markup string indicates the string
331 number and the fret number for each dot to be placed on the string.
332 In addition, open and unplayed (muted) strings can be indicated.
334 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
336 \context ChordNames {
343 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
344 \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-3;4-2;3-o;2-1;1-o;"
345 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
346 \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-1;"
351 Barre indications can be added to the diagram from
352 the fret-diagram markup string.
354 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
356 \context ChordNames {
363 < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
364 \fret-diagram #"c:6-1-1;6-1;5-3;4-3;3-2;2-1;1-1;"
365 < g, b, d g b' g'> ^\markup
366 \fret-diagram #"c:6-1-3;6-3;5-5;4-5;3-4;2-3;1-3;"
371 The size of the fret diagram, and the number of frets in the diagram
372 can be changed in the fret-diagram markup string.
374 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
376 \context ChordNames {
383 < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
384 \fret-diagram #"s:1.5;c:6-1-1;6-1;5-3;4-3;3-2;2-1;1-1;"
385 < g, b, d g b' g'> ^\markup
386 \fret-diagram #"h:6;6-3;5-2;4-o;3-o;2-o;1-3;"
391 The number of strings in a fret diagram can be changed to accomodate
392 different instruments such as banjos and ukeleles with the fret-diagram
395 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
397 \context ChordNames {
403 %% A chord for ukelele
404 a'1 ^\markup \fret-diagram #"w:4;4-2-2;3-1-1;2-o;1-o;"
409 Fingering indications can be added, and the location of fingering labels
410 can be controlled by the fret-diagram markup string.
412 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
414 \context ChordNames {
421 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
422 \fret-diagram #"f:1;6-x;5-3-3;4-2-2;3-o;2-1-1;1-o;"
423 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
424 \fret-diagram #"f:2;6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2-2;2-3-3;1-1-1;"
429 Dot radius and dot position can be controlled with the fret-diagram
432 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
434 \context ChordNames {
441 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
442 \fret-diagram #"d:0.35;6-x;5-3;4-2;3-o;2-1;1-o;"
443 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
444 \fret-diagram #"p:0.2;6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-1;"
449 The fret-diagram-terse markup string omits string numbers; the string
450 number is implied by the presence of semicolons. There is one semicolon
451 for each string in the diagram. The first semicolon corresponds to the
452 highest string number and the last semicolon corresponds to the first string.
453 Mute strings, open strings, and fret numbers can be indicated.
455 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
457 \context ChordNames {
464 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
465 \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3;2;o;1;o;"
466 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
467 \fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2;3;1;"
472 Barre indicators can be included in the fret-diagram-terse markup string.
474 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
476 \context ChordNames {
483 < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
484 \fret-diagram-terse #"1-(;3;3;2;1;1-);"
485 < g, b, d g b' g'> ^\markup
486 \fret-diagram-terse #"3-(;5;5;4;3;3-);"
491 Fingering indications can be included in the fret-diagram-terse markup string.
493 @c Need to use override to enable fingerings to show this -- can we do so?
494 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
496 \context ChordNames {
502 \override Voice.TextScript
503 #'fret-diagram-details #'finger-code = #'below-string
505 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
506 \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3-3;2-2;o;1-1;o;"
507 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
508 \fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2-2;3-3;1-1;"
513 Other fret diagram properties must be adjusted using @code{\override} when using
514 the fret-diagram-terse markup.
516 The fret-diagram-verbose markup string is in the format of a Scheme list. Each
517 element of the list indicates an item to be placed on the fret diagram.
519 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
520 << \context ChordNames {
527 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
528 \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
536 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
537 \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
549 Fingering indications and barres can be included in a
550 fret-diagram-verbose markup string.
552 @c \override is necessary to make fingering visible
553 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
555 \context ChordNames {
562 \override Voice.TextScript
563 #'fret-diagram-details #'finger-code = #'below-string
565 < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
566 \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
575 < g, b, d g b' g'> ^\markup
576 \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
588 All other fret diagram properties must be adjusted using @code{\override}
589 when using the fret-diagram-verbose markup.
592 The following example shows the three fret-diagram markup
593 interfaces, along with examples of common tweaks. For example,
594 the size of the verbose fret diagram is reduced to 0.75, and the
595 finger indications are specified to appear below the diagram. The
596 terse diagram includes tweaks to specify placement of finger code
599 @lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
602 d^\markup \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-2;"
604 fis^\markup \override #'(size . 0.75) {
605 \override #'(finger-code . below-string) {
606 \fret-diagram-verbose #'((place-fret 6 2 1) (barre 6 1 2)
615 c^\markup \override #'(dot-radius . 0.35) {
616 \override #'(finger-code . in-dot) {
617 \override #'(dot-color . white) {
618 \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3-1-(;5-2;5-3;5-4;3-1-);"
627 The graphical layout of a fret diagram can be customized according to
628 user preference through the properties of the @code{fret-diagram-interface}.
629 Details are found at @rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}. For a fret diagram
630 markup , the interface properties belong to @code{Voice.TextScript}.
634 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
635 {customizing-markup-fret-diagrams.ly}
641 @ref{Text markup commands}.
644 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
647 @rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}.
649 @node Predefined fret diagrams
650 @unnumberedsubsubsec Predefined fret diagrams
651 @cindex fret diagrams
652 @cindex chord diagrams
654 Fret diagrams can be displayed using the @code{FretBoards} context. By
655 default, the @code{FretBoards} context will display fret diagrams that
656 are stored in a lookup table:
658 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
659 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
660 \context FretBoards {
667 The default predefined fret diagrams are contained in the file
668 @code{predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly}. Fret diagrams are
669 stored based on the pitches of a chord and the value of
670 @code{stringTunings} that is currently in use.
671 @code{predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly} contains predefined
672 fret diagrams only for @code{guitar-tuning}. Predefined fret
673 diagrams can be added for other instruments or other tunings
674 by following the examples found in
675 @code{predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly}.
677 Chord pitches can be entered
678 either as simultaneous music or using chord mode (see
679 @ref{Chord mode overview}).
681 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right,quote]
682 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
683 \context FretBoards {
689 It is common that both chord names and fret diagrams are displayed together.
690 This is achieved by putting a @code{ChordNames} context in parallel with
691 a @code{FretBoards} context and giving both contexts the same music.
693 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
694 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
695 mychords = \chordmode{
700 \context ChordNames {
703 \context FretBoards {
709 Predefined fret diagrams are transposable, as long as a diagram for the
710 transposed chord is stored in the fret diagram table.
712 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
713 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
714 mychords = \chordmode{
720 \transpose c e { \mychords}
723 \context ChordNames {
726 \context FretBoards {
733 The predefined fret diagram table contains seven chords (major, minor,
734 augmented, diminished, dominant seventh, major seventh, minor seventh)
735 for each of 17 keys. A complete list of the predefined fret diagrams is
736 shown in @ref{Predefined fretboard diagrams}. If there is no entry in
737 the table for a chord, the FretBoards engraver will calculate a
738 fret-diagram using the automatic fret diagram functionality described in
739 @ref{Automatic fret diagrams}.
741 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
742 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
743 mychords = \chordmode{
748 \context ChordNames {
751 \context FretBoards {
757 Fret diagrams can be added to the fret diagram table. To add a diagram,
758 you must specify the chord for the diagram, the tuning to be used, and the
759 fret-diagram-terse definition string for the diagram.
761 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
762 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
764 \storePredefinedDiagram \chordmode {c:9}
766 #"x;3-2;2-1;3-3;3-4;x;"
768 mychords = \chordmode{
773 \context ChordNames {
776 \context FretBoards {
782 Different fret diagrams for the same chord name can be stored using different
785 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
786 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
788 \storePredefinedDiagram \chordmode {c'}
790 #(offset-fret 2 (chord-shape 'bes))
792 mychords = \chordmode{
797 \context ChordNames {
800 \context FretBoards {
806 In addition to fret diagrams, LilyPond stores an internal list of chord
807 shapes. The chord shapes are fret diagrams that can be shifted along
808 the neck to different posistions to provide different chords. Chord
809 shapes can be added to the internal list and then used to define
810 predefined fret diagrams.
812 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
813 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
815 % add a new chord shape
817 \addChordShape #'powerf #"1-1;3-3;3-4;x;x;x;"
819 % add some new chords based on the power chord shape
821 \storePredefinedDiagram \chordmode {f'}
823 #(chord-shape 'powerf)
824 \storePredefinedDiagram \chordmode {g'}
826 #(offset-fret 2 (chord-shape 'powerf))
828 mychords = \chordmode{
833 \context ChordNames {
836 \context FretBoards {
842 The graphical layout of a fret diagram can be customized according to
843 user preference through the properties of the @code{fret-diagram-interface}.
844 Details are found at @rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}. For a
845 predefined fret diagram, the interface properties belong to
846 @code{FretBoards.FretBoard}.
850 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
851 {customizing-fretboard-fret-diagrams.ly}
857 @ref{Custom tablatures},
858 @ref{Automatic fret diagrams},
859 @ref{Chord mode overview},
860 @ref{Predefined fretboard diagrams}.
863 @file{ly/predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly}.
866 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
869 @rinternals {fret-diagram-interface}.
872 @node Automatic fret diagrams
873 @unnumberedsubsubsec Automatic fret diagrams
874 @cindex fret diagrams
875 @cindex chord diagrams
877 Fret diagrams can be automatically created from entered notes using the
878 @code{FretBoards} context. If no predefined diagram is available for
879 the entered notes in the active @code{stringTunings}, this context
880 calculates strings and frets that can be used to play the notes.
882 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
884 \context ChordNames {
889 \context FretBoards {
901 As no predefined diagrams are loaded by default, automatic calculation
902 of fret diagrams is the default behavior. Once default diagrams are
903 loaded, automatic calculation can be enabled and disabled with predefined
906 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
908 \storePredefinedDiagram <c e g c' e'>
910 #"x;3-1-(;5-2;5-3;5-4;3-1-1);"
912 \context ChordNames {
917 \context FretBoards {
919 \predefinedFretboardsOff
921 \predefinedFretboardsOn
935 Sometimes the fretboard calculator will be unable to find
936 an accceptable diagram. This can often be remedied by
937 manually assigning a note to a string. In many cases, only one
938 note need be manually placed on a string; the rest of
939 the notes will then be placed appropriately by the @code{FretBoards}
942 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
944 \context ChordNames {
949 \context FretBoards {
961 Fingerings can be added to FretBoard fret diagrams.
963 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
965 \context ChordNames {
970 \context FretBoards {
971 < c-3 e-2 g c'-1 e' > 1
982 The minimum fret to be used in calculating strings and frets for
983 the FretBoard context can be set with the @code{minimumFret}
986 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
988 \context ChordNames {
993 \context FretBoards {
995 \set FretBoards.minimumFret = #5
1006 The strings and frets for the @code{FretBoards} context depend
1007 on the @code{stringTunings} property, which has the same meaning
1008 as in the TabStaff context. See @ref{Custom tablatures} for
1009 information on the @code{stringTunings} property.
1011 The graphical layout of a fret diagram can be customized according to
1012 user preference through the properties of the @code{fret-diagram-interface}.
1013 Details are found at @rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}. For a
1014 @code{FretBoards} fret diagram, the interface properties belong to
1015 @code{FretBoards.FretBoard}.
1018 @code{\predefinedFretboardsOff},
1019 @code{\predefinedFretboardsOn}.
1024 @ref{Custom tablatures}.
1027 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
1029 Internals Reference:
1030 @rinternals {fret-diagram-interface}.
1033 @node Right-hand fingerings
1034 @unnumberedsubsubsec Right-hand fingerings
1036 Right-hand fingerings @var{p-i-m-a} must be entered within a
1037 chord construct @code{<>} for them to be printed in the score,
1038 even when applied to a single note.
1040 @warning{There @strong{must} be a hyphen after the note and a space
1041 before the closing @code{>}.}
1043 @lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=0]
1045 <c-\rightHandFinger #1 >4
1046 <e-\rightHandFinger #2 >
1047 <g-\rightHandFinger #3 >
1048 <c-\rightHandFinger #4 >
1049 <c,-\rightHandFinger #1 e-\rightHandFinger #2 g-\rightHandFinger #3 c-\rightHandFinger #4 >1
1052 For convenience, you can abbreviate @code{\rightHandFinger} to something
1053 short, for example @code{RH},
1056 #(define RH rightHandFinger)
1059 @cindex fingerings, right hand, for guitar
1060 @cindex right hand fingerings for guitar
1064 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
1065 {placement-of-right-hand-fingerings.ly}
1067 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
1068 {fingerings,-string-indications,-and-right-hand-fingerings.ly}
1073 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
1075 Internals Reference:
1076 @rinternals{StrokeFinger}.
1082 Most of the notational issues associated with guitar music are
1083 covered sufficiently in the general fretted strings section, but there
1084 are a few more worth covering here. Occasionally users want to
1085 create songbook-type documents having only lyrics with chord
1086 indications above them. Since Lilypond is a music typesetter,
1087 it is not recommended for documents that have no music notation
1088 in them. A better alternative is a word processor, text editor,
1089 or, for experienced users, a typesetter like GuitarTeX.
1092 * Indicating position and barring::
1093 * Indicating harmonics and dampened notes::
1096 @node Indicating position and barring
1097 @unnumberedsubsubsec Indicating position and barring
1099 This example demonstrates how to include guitar position and
1100 barring indications.
1102 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=0]
1106 \override TextSpanner #'bound-details #'left #'text = #"XII "
1108 b16 e g e b g\stopTextSpan
1115 @ref{Text spanners}.
1118 @rlsr{Fretted strings},
1119 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
1121 @node Indicating harmonics and dampened notes
1122 @unnumberedsubsubsec Indicating harmonics and dampened notes
1124 Special note heads can be used to indicate dampened notes or
1125 harmonics. Harmonics are normally further explained with a
1128 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
1131 \override Staff.NoteHead #'style = #'cross
1133 \override Staff.NoteHead #'style = #'harmonic-mixed
1134 d^\markup { \italic { \fontsize #-2 { "harm. 12" }}} <g b>1
1141 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
1144 @ref{Special note heads},
1145 @ref{Note head styles}.
1151 * Banjo tablatures::
1154 @node Banjo tablatures
1155 @unnumberedsubsubsec Banjo tablatures
1156 @cindex Banjo tablatures
1158 LilyPond has basic support for the five-string banjo. When making tablatures
1159 for five-string banjo, use the banjo tablature format function to get
1160 correct fret numbers for the fifth string:
1162 @c due to crazy intervals of banjo music, absolute pitch is recommended
1164 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
1166 \set TabStaff.tablatureFormat = #fret-number-tablature-format-banjo
1167 \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #banjo-open-g-tuning
1170 g8 d' g'\5 a b g e d' |
1171 g4 d''8\5 b' a'\2 g'\5 e'\2 d' |
1177 A number of common tunings for banjo are predefined in LilyPond:
1178 @code{banjo-c-tuning} (gCGBD), @code{banjo-modal-tuning} (gDGCD),
1179 @code{banjo-open-d-tuning} (aDF#AD) and @code{banjo-open-dm-tuning}
1182 These tunings may be converted to four-string banjo tunings using the
1183 @code{four-string-banjo} function:
1186 \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #(four-string-banjo banjo-c-tuning)
1192 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
1194 The file @file{scm/@/output@/-lib@/.scm} contains predefined banjo tunings.