1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
4 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
6 When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the
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13 @node Notation manual tables
14 @appendix Notation manual tables
18 * Common chord modifiers::
19 * Predefined string tunings::
20 * Predefined fretboard diagrams::
25 * Text markup commands::
26 * Text markup list commands::
27 * List of special characters::
28 * List of articulations::
30 * Technical glossary::
31 * All context properties::
33 * Available music functions::
34 * Context modification identifiers::
35 * Predefined type predicates::
41 @node Chord name chart
42 @appendixsec Chord name chart
44 The following charts shows two standard systems for printing chord
45 names, along with the pitches they represent.
47 @lilypondfile{chord-names-jazz.ly}
49 @node Common chord modifiers
50 @appendixsec Common chord modifiers
52 The following table shows chord modifiers that can be used in
53 @code{\chordmode} to generate standard chord structures.
55 @multitable @columnfractions .2 .3 .2 .2
70 Major third, perfect fifth
74 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
83 Minor third, perfect fifth
87 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
96 Major third, augmented fifth
100 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
109 Minor third, diminished fifth
113 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
122 Major triad, minor seventh
126 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
135 Major triad, major seventh
137 @code{maj7} or @code{maj}
139 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
148 Minor triad, minor seventh
152 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
161 Diminished triad, diminished seventh
165 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
174 Augmented triad, minor seventh
178 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
185 Half-diminished seventh
187 Diminished triad, minor seventh
191 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
200 Minor triad, major seventh
204 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
217 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
230 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
239 Dominant seventh, major ninth
243 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
252 Major seventh, major ninth
256 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
265 Minor seventh, major ninth
269 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
278 Dominant ninth, perfect eleventh
282 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
291 Major ninth, perfect eleventh
295 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
304 Minor ninth, perfect eleventh
308 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
317 Dominant ninth, major thirteenth
321 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
330 Dominant eleventh, major thirteenth
334 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
343 Major eleventh, major thirteenth
347 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
356 Minor eleventh, major thirteenth
360 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
369 Major second, perfect fifth
373 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
382 Perfect fourth, perfect fifth
386 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
393 Power chord (two-voiced)
399 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
407 Power chord (three-voiced)
409 Perfect fifth, octave
413 @lilypond[line-width=3\cm,noragged-right, notime]
422 @node Predefined string tunings
423 @appendixsec Predefined string tunings
425 The chart below shows the predefined string tunings.
427 @lilypondfile{display-predefined-string-tunings.ly}
429 @node Predefined fretboard diagrams
430 @appendixsec Predefined fretboard diagrams
432 The chart below shows the predefined fretboard diagrams for guitar.
434 @lilypondfile{display-predefined-fretboards.ly}
436 The chart below shows the predefined fretboard diagrams for ukulele.
438 @lilypondfile{display-predefined-ukulele-fretboards.ly}
440 The chart below shows the predefined fretboard diagrams for mandolin.
442 @lilypondfile{display-predefined-mandolin-fretboards.ly}
444 @node MIDI instruments
445 @appendixsec MIDI instruments
447 The following is a list of names that can be used for the
448 @code{midiInstrument} property. The order of the instruments
449 below, starting in the left-hand column moving down, corresponds
450 to the General MIDI Standard's 128 Program Numbers.
453 acoustic grand contrabass lead 7 (fifths)
454 bright acoustic tremolo strings lead 8 (bass+lead)
455 electric grand pizzicato strings pad 1 (new age)
456 honky-tonk orchestral harp pad 2 (warm)
457 electric piano 1 timpani pad 3 (polysynth)
458 electric piano 2 string ensemble 1 pad 4 (choir)
459 harpsichord string ensemble 2 pad 5 (bowed)
460 clav synthstrings 1 pad 6 (metallic)
461 celesta synthstrings 2 pad 7 (halo)
462 glockenspiel choir aahs pad 8 (sweep)
463 music box voice oohs fx 1 (rain)
464 vibraphone synth voice fx 2 (soundtrack)
465 marimba orchestra hit fx 3 (crystal)
466 xylophone trumpet fx 4 (atmosphere)
467 tubular bells trombone fx 5 (brightness)
468 dulcimer tuba fx 6 (goblins)
469 drawbar organ muted trumpet fx 7 (echoes)
470 percussive organ french horn fx 8 (sci-fi)
471 rock organ brass section sitar
472 church organ synthbrass 1 banjo
473 reed organ synthbrass 2 shamisen
474 accordion soprano sax koto
475 harmonica alto sax kalimba
476 concertina tenor sax bagpipe
477 acoustic guitar (nylon) baritone sax fiddle
478 acoustic guitar (steel) oboe shanai
479 electric guitar (jazz) english horn tinkle bell
480 electric guitar (clean) bassoon agogo
481 electric guitar (muted) clarinet steel drums
482 overdriven guitar piccolo woodblock
483 distorted guitar flute taiko drum
484 guitar harmonics recorder melodic tom
485 acoustic bass pan flute synth drum
486 electric bass (finger) blown bottle reverse cymbal
487 electric bass (pick) shakuhachi guitar fret noise
488 fretless bass whistle breath noise
489 slap bass 1 ocarina seashore
490 slap bass 2 lead 1 (square) bird tweet
491 synth bass 1 lead 2 (sawtooth) telephone ring
492 synth bass 2 lead 3 (calliope) helicopter
493 violin lead 4 (chiff) applause
494 viola lead 5 (charang) gunshot
500 @appendixsec List of colors
502 @subsubheading Normal colors
504 Usage syntax is detailed in @ref{Coloring objects}.
506 @cindex List of colors
507 @cindex Colors, list of
510 black white red green
511 blue cyan magenta yellow
512 grey darkred darkgreen darkblue
513 darkcyan darkmagenta darkyellow
517 @subsubheading X color names
519 X color names come several variants:
521 Any name that is spelled as a single word with capitalization
522 (e.g. @q{LightSlateBlue}) can also be spelled as space separated
523 words without capitalization (e.g. @q{light slate blue}).
525 The word @q{grey} can always be spelled @q{gray} (e.g. @q{DarkSlateGray}).
527 Some names can take a numerical suffix (e.g. @q{LightSalmon4}).
530 @subsubheading Color Names without a numerical suffix:
533 snow GhostWhite WhiteSmoke gainsboro FloralWhite
534 OldLace linen AntiqueWhite PapayaWhip BlanchedAlmond
535 bisque PeachPuff NavajoWhite moccasin cornsilk
536 ivory LemonChiffon seashell honeydew MintCream
537 azure AliceBlue lavender LavenderBlush MistyRose
538 white black DarkSlateGrey DimGrey SlateGrey
539 LightSlateGrey grey LightGrey MidnightBlue navy
540 NavyBlue CornflowerBlue DarkSlateBlue SlateBlue MediumSlateBlue
541 LightSlateBlue MediumBlue RoyalBlue blue DodgerBlue
542 DeepSkyBlue SkyBlue LightSkyBlue SteelBlue LightSteelBlue
543 LightBlue PowderBlue PaleTurquoise DarkTurquoise MediumTurquoise
544 turquoise cyan LightCyan CadetBlue MediumAquamarine
545 aquamarine DarkGreen DarkOliveGreen DarkSeaGreen SeaGreen
546 MediumSeaGreen LightSeaGreen PaleGreen SpringGreen LawnGreen
547 green chartreuse MediumSpringGreen GreenYellow LimeGreen
548 YellowGreen ForestGreen OliveDrab DarkKhaki khaki
549 PaleGoldenrod LightGoldenrodYellow LightYellow yellow gold
550 LightGoldenrod goldenrod DarkGoldenrod RosyBrown IndianRed
551 SaddleBrown sienna peru burlywood beige
552 wheat SandyBrown tan chocolate firebrick
553 brown DarkSalmon salmon LightSalmon orange
554 DarkOrange coral LightCoral tomato OrangeRed
555 red HotPink DeepPink pink LightPink
556 PaleVioletRed maroon MediumVioletRed VioletRed magenta
557 violet plum orchid MediumOrchid DarkOrchid
558 DarkViolet BlueViolet purple MediumPurple thistle
559 DarkGrey DarkBlue DarkCyan DarkMagenta DarkRed
564 @subsubheading Color names with a numerical suffix
566 In the following names the suffix N can be a number in the range 1-4:
569 snowN seashellN AntiqueWhiteN bisqueN PeachPuffN
570 NavajoWhiteN LemonChiffonN cornsilkN ivoryN honeydewN
571 LavenderBlushN MistyRoseN azureN SlateBlueN RoyalBlueN
572 blueN DodgerBlueN SteelBlueN DeepSkyBlueN SkyBlueN
573 LightSkyBlueN LightSteelBlueN LightBlueN LightCyanN PaleTurquoiseN
574 CadetBlueN turquoiseN cyanN aquamarineN DarkSeaGreenN
575 SeaGreenN PaleGreenN SpringGreenN greenN chartreuseN
576 OliveDrabN DarkOliveGreenN khakiN LightGoldenrodN LightYellowN
577 yellowN goldN goldenrodN DarkGoldenrodN RosyBrownN
578 IndianRedN siennaN burlywoodN wheatN tanN
579 chocolateN firebrickN brownN salmonN LightSalmonN
580 orangeN DarkOrangeN coralN tomatoN OrangeRedN
581 redN DeepPinkN HotPinkN pinkN LightPinkN
582 PaleVioletRedN maroonN VioletRedN magentaN orchidN
583 plumN MediumOrchidN DarkOrchidN purpleN MediumPurpleN
588 @subsubheading Grey Scale
590 A grey scale can be obtained using:
597 Where N is in the range 0-100.
601 @appendixsec The Feta font
606 The following symbols are available in the Emmentaler font and may be
607 accessed directly using text markup with the name of the glyph
608 as shown in the tables below,
609 such as @code{g^\markup @{\musicglyph #"scripts.segno" @}} or
610 @code{\markup @{\musicglyph #"five"@}}. For more information,
611 see @ref{Formatting text}.
616 * Time Signature glyphs::
618 * Accidental glyphs::
619 * Default Notehead glyphs::
620 * Special Notehead glyphs::
621 * Shape-note Notehead glyphs::
628 * Bracket-tip glyphs::
636 * Neomensural glyphs::
643 @unnumberedsubsec Clef glyphs
646 \include "font-table.ly"
647 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
652 @node Time Signature glyphs
653 @unnumberedsubsec Time Signature glyphs
656 \include "font-table.ly"
657 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
663 @unnumberedsubsec Number glyphs
666 \include "font-table.ly"
667 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
672 @node Accidental glyphs
673 @unnumberedsubsec Accidental glyphs
676 \include "font-table.ly"
677 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
678 \doc-chars #accidentals
682 @node Default Notehead glyphs
683 @unnumberedsubsec Default Notehead glyphs
686 \include "font-table.ly"
687 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
688 \doc-chars #default-noteheads
692 @node Special Notehead glyphs
693 @unnumberedsubsec Special Notehead glyphs
696 \include "font-table.ly"
697 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
698 \doc-chars #special-noteheads
702 @node Shape-note Notehead glyphs
703 @unnumberedsubsec Shape-note Notehead glyphs
706 \include "font-table.ly"
707 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
708 \doc-chars #shape-note-noteheads
713 @unnumberedsubsec Rest glyphs
716 \include "font-table.ly"
717 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
723 @unnumberedsubsec Flag glyphs
726 \include "font-table.ly"
727 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
733 @unnumberedsubsec Dot glyphs
736 \include "font-table.ly"
737 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
743 @unnumberedsubsec Dynamic glyphs
746 \include "font-table.ly"
747 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
753 @unnumberedsubsec Script glyphs
756 \include "font-table.ly"
757 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
762 @node Arrowhead glyphs
763 @unnumberedsubsec Arrowhead glyphs
766 \include "font-table.ly"
767 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
768 \doc-chars #arrowheads
772 @node Bracket-tip glyphs
773 @unnumberedsubsec Bracket-tip glyphs
776 \include "font-table.ly"
777 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
778 \doc-chars #brackettips
783 @unnumberedsubsec Pedal glyphs
786 \include "font-table.ly"
787 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
792 @node Accordion glyphs
793 @unnumberedsubsec Accordion glyphs
796 \include "font-table.ly"
797 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
798 \doc-chars #accordion
803 @unnumberedsubsec Tie glyphs
806 \include "font-table.ly"
807 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
812 @node Vaticana glyphs
813 @unnumberedsubsec Vaticana glyphs
816 \include "font-table.ly"
817 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
822 @node Medicaea glyphs
823 @unnumberedsubsec Medicaea glyphs
826 \include "font-table.ly"
827 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
832 @node Hufnagel glyphs
833 @unnumberedsubsec Hufnagel glyphs
836 \include "font-table.ly"
837 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
842 @node Mensural glyphs
843 @unnumberedsubsec Mensural glyphs
846 \include "font-table.ly"
847 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
852 @node Neomensural glyphs
853 @unnumberedsubsec Neomensural glyphs
856 \include "font-table.ly"
857 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
858 \doc-chars #neomensural
862 @node Petrucci glyphs
863 @unnumberedsubsec Petrucci glyphs
866 \include "font-table.ly"
867 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
872 @node Solesmes glyphs
873 @unnumberedsubsec Solesmes glyphs
876 \include "font-table.ly"
877 \markuplist \override-lines #'(word-space . 4)
882 @node Note head styles
883 @appendixsec Note head styles
885 @cindex note head styles
886 The following styles may be used for note heads.
888 @lilypondfile[noindent]{note-head-style.ly}
891 @node Text markup commands
892 @appendixsec Text markup commands
894 @include markup-commands.tely
897 @node Text markup list commands
898 @appendixsec Text markup list commands
900 The following commands can all be used with @code{\markuplist}:
902 @include markup-list-commands.tely
905 @node List of special characters
906 @appendixsec List of special characters
908 The following special characters references can be used;
909 for more details, see @ref{ASCII aliases}.
911 The HTML syntax is used and most of these references are the same as HTML.
912 The rest of them are inspired by @LaTeX{}.
914 The characters are boxed so that you can see their size.
915 A small padding has been added between the character and the box
916 for more readability.
919 \include "special-characters.ly"
923 @node List of articulations
924 @appendixsec List of articulations
958 @cindex signumcongruentiae
959 @cindex snappizzicato
960 @cindex staccatissimo
971 @cindex verylongfermata
973 The following scripts are available in the Feta font and may be
974 attached to notes (eg. @samp{c\accent}).
976 @c Articulations and ornamentations
977 @c Fingering instructions (for "thumb")
978 @c Common notation for unfretted strings
979 @c Bowing indications
981 @c Snap (Bartók) pizzicato
982 @c Custom percussion staves (for "halfopen" -- not yet funindexed)
983 @c References for wind instruments (for "open"/"stopped" -- not yet funindexed)
987 * Articulation scripts::
990 * Instrument-specific scripts::
991 * Repeat sign scripts::
996 @node Articulation scripts
997 @unnumberedsubsec Articulation scripts
1000 \include "script-chart.ly"
1001 \new RhythmicStaff { \scriptStaff #articulations }
1004 @node Ornament scripts
1005 @unnumberedsubsec Ornament scripts
1008 \include "script-chart.ly"
1009 \new RhythmicStaff { \scriptStaff #ornaments }
1012 @node Fermata scripts
1013 @unnumberedsubsec Fermata scripts
1016 \include "script-chart.ly"
1017 \new RhythmicStaff { \scriptStaff #fermatas }
1020 @node Instrument-specific scripts
1021 @unnumberedsubsec Instrument-specific scripts
1024 \include "script-chart.ly"
1025 \new RhythmicStaff { \scriptStaff #instrument-specific }
1028 @node Repeat sign scripts
1029 @unnumberedsubsec Repeat sign scripts
1032 \include "script-chart.ly"
1033 \new RhythmicStaff { \scriptStaff #repeats }
1036 @node Ancient scripts
1037 @unnumberedsubsec Ancient scripts
1040 \include "script-chart.ly"
1041 \include "gregorian.ly"
1042 \new VaticanaStaff { \scriptStaffAncient #ancient }
1046 @node Percussion notes
1047 @appendixsec Percussion notes
1049 @lilypondfile[quote]{percussion-chart.ly}
1052 @node Technical glossary
1053 @appendixsec Technical glossary
1055 A glossary of the technical terms and concepts used internally in
1056 LilyPond. These terms may appear in the manuals, on mailing lists
1057 or in the source code.
1079 @unnumberedsubsec alist
1082 @cindex association list
1084 An association list or @strong{alist} for short is a Scheme pair
1085 which associates a value with a key: @w{@code{(key . value)}}. For
1086 example, in @file{scm/lily.scm}, the alist
1087 @w{@qq{type-p-name-alist}} associates certain type predicates
1088 (e.g.@tie{}@code{ly:music?}) with names (e.g.@tie{}@qq{music}) so
1089 that type-check failures can be reported with a console message that
1090 includes the name of the expected type predicate.
1093 @unnumberedsubsec callback
1097 A @strong{callback} is a routine, function or method whose reference is
1098 passed as an argument in a call to another routine, so allowing
1099 the called routine to invoke it. The technique enables a lower-
1100 level software layer to call a function defined in a higher
1101 layer. Callbacks are used extensively in LilyPond to permit
1102 user-level Scheme code to define how many low-level actions are
1107 @unnumberedsubsec closure
1110 @cindex simple closure
1112 In Scheme, a @strong{closure} is created when a function, usually
1113 a lambda expression, is passed as a variable. The closure contains
1114 the function's code plus references to the lexical bindings of the
1115 function's free variables (i.e. those variables used in the
1116 expression but defined outside it). When this function is applied
1117 to different arguments later, the free variable bindings that were
1118 captured in the closure are used to obtain the values of the free
1119 variables to be used in the calculation. One useful property of
1120 closures is the retention of internal variable values between
1121 invocations, so permitting state to be maintained.
1123 A @strong{simple closure} is a closure whose expression has no free
1124 variables and hence no free variable bindings.
1126 A simple closure is represented in LilyPond by a smob containing
1127 the expression and a method to apply the expression to a passed
1132 @unnumberedsubsec glyph
1138 A @strong{glyph} is a particular graphical representation of a typographic
1139 character, or a combination of two characters formating a ligature.
1140 A set of glyphs with a single style and shape comprise a font, and
1141 a set of fonts covering several styles and sizes comprise a typeface.
1147 @ref{Special characters}.
1151 @unnumberedsubsec grob
1154 @cindex layout objects
1155 @cindex graphical objects
1157 LilyPond objects which represent items of notation in the printed
1158 output such as note heads, stems, slurs, ties, fingering, clefs,
1159 etc are called @q{Layout objects}, often known as @q{GRaphical
1160 OBjects}, or @strong{grobs} for short. They are represented by
1161 instances of the @code{Grob} class.
1165 @rlearning{Objects and interfaces},
1166 @rlearning{Naming conventions of objects and properties},
1167 @rlearning{Properties of layout objects}.
1169 Internals Reference:
1170 @rinternals{grob-interface},
1171 @rinternals{All layout objects}.
1175 @unnumberedsubsec immutable
1177 @cindex immutable objects
1178 @cindex immutable properties
1179 @cindex shared properties
1181 An @strong{immutable} object is one whose state cannot be modified
1182 after creation, in contrast to a mutable object, which can be
1183 modified after creation.
1185 In LilyPond, immutable or shared properties define the default
1186 style and behavior of grobs. They are shared between many objects.
1187 In apparent contradiction to the name, they can be changed using
1188 @code{\override} and @code{\revert}.
1195 @unnumberedsubsec interface
1198 @cindex grob-interface
1199 @cindex graphical object interfaces
1201 Actions and properties which are common to a number of grobs are
1202 grouped together in an object called a @code{grob-interface}, or
1203 just @q{interface} for short.
1207 @rlearning{Objects and interfaces},
1208 @rlearning{Naming conventions of objects and properties},
1209 @rlearning{Properties found in interfaces}.
1212 @ref{Layout interfaces}.
1214 Internals Reference:
1215 @rinternals{Graphical Object Interfaces}.
1219 @unnumberedsubsec lexer
1224 A @strong{lexer} is a program which converts a sequence of
1225 characters into a sequence of tokens, a process called lexical
1226 analysis. The LilyPond lexer converts the stream obtained from an
1227 input @file{.ly} file into a tokenized stream more suited to the
1228 next stage of processing - parsing, for which see @ref{parser}.
1229 The LilyPond lexer is built with Flex from the lexer file
1230 @file{lily/lexer.ll} which contains the lexical rules. This file
1231 is part of the source code and is not included in the LilyPond
1232 binary installation.
1236 @unnumberedsubsec mutable
1238 @cindex mutable objects
1239 @cindex mutable properties
1241 A @strong{mutable} object is one whose state can be modified after
1242 creation, in contrast to an immutable object, whose state is fixed
1243 at the time of creation.
1245 In LilyPond, mutable properties contain values that are specific to
1246 one grob. Typically, lists of other objects or results from
1247 computations are stored in mutable properties.
1254 @unnumberedsubsec output-def
1258 An instance of the @code{Output-def} class contains the methods and
1259 data structures associated with an output block. Instances are
1260 created for midi, layout and paper blocks.
1264 @unnumberedsubsec parser
1268 @cindex grammar for LilyPond
1271 A @strong{parser} analyzes the sequence of tokens produced by a
1272 lexer to determine its grammatical structure, grouping the tokens
1273 progressively into larger groupings according to the rules of the
1274 grammar. If the sequence of tokens is valid the end product is a
1275 tree of tokens whose root is the grammar's start symbol. If this
1276 cannot be achieved the file is invalid and an appropriate error
1277 message is produced. The syntactic groupings and the rules for
1278 constructing the groupings from their parts for the LilyPond syntax
1279 are defined in @file{lily/parser.yy} and shown in Backus Normal Form
1280 (BNF) in @ref{LilyPond grammar}. This file is used to build the
1281 parser during the program build by the parser generator, Bison. It
1282 is part of the source code and is not included in the LilyPond
1283 binary installation.
1286 @node parser variable
1287 @unnumberedsubsec parser variable
1289 @cindex parser variable
1290 @cindex Scheme variable
1291 @cindex global variable
1292 @cindex afterGraceFraction
1295 @cindex output-count
1296 @cindex output-suffix
1297 @cindex parseStringResult
1298 @cindex partCombineListener
1300 @cindex toplevel-bookparts
1301 @cindex toplevel-scores
1302 @cindex showLastLength
1303 @cindex showFirstLength
1305 These are variables defined directly in Scheme. Their direct
1306 use by users is strongly discouraged, because their scoping
1307 semantics can be confusing.
1309 When the value of such a variable is changed in a @file{.ly} file,
1310 the change is global, and unless explicitly reverted, the new value
1311 will persist to the end of the file, affecting subsequent
1312 @code{\score} blocks as well as external files added with the
1313 @code{\include} command. This can lead to unintended consequences
1314 and in complex typesetting projects the consequent errors can be
1315 difficult to track down.
1317 LilyPond uses the following parser variables:
1320 @item afterGraceFraction
1325 @item parseStringResult
1326 @item partCombineListener
1328 @item toplevel-bookparts
1329 @item toplevel-scores
1330 @item showLastLength
1331 @item showFirstLength
1336 @unnumberedsubsec prob
1339 @cindex property object
1341 PRoperty OBjects, or @strong{probs} for short, are instances of
1342 the @code{Prob} class, a simple base class for objects which have
1343 mutable and immutable property alists and the methods to manipulate
1344 them. The @code{Music} and @code{Stream_event} classes derive from
1345 @code{Prob}. Instances of the @code{Prob} class are also created
1346 to hold the formatted content of system grobs and titling blocks
1350 @node simple closure
1351 @unnumberedsubsec simple closure
1357 @unnumberedsubsec smob
1360 @cindex Scheme object
1362 @strong{Smobs}, or ScheMe OBjects, are part of the mechanism used
1363 by Guile to export C and C++ objects to Scheme code. In LilyPond,
1364 smobs are created from C++ objects through macros. There are two
1365 types of smob objects: simple smobs, intended for simple immutable
1366 objects like numbers, and complex smobs, used for objects with
1367 identities. If you have access to the LilyPond sources, more
1368 information can be found in @file{lily/includes/smob.hh}.
1371 @unnumberedsubsec stencil
1375 An instance of the @strong{stencil} class holds the information
1376 required to print a typographical object. It is a simple smob
1377 containing a confining box, which defines the vertical and
1378 horizontal extents of the object, and a Scheme expression which
1379 will print the object when evaluated. Stencils may be combined
1380 to form more complex stencils defined by a tree of Scheme
1381 expressions formed from the Scheme expressions of the component
1384 The @code{stencil} property, which connects a grob to its stencil,
1385 is defined in the @code{grob-interface} interface.
1388 Internals Reference:
1389 @rinternals{grob-interface}.
1392 @node All context properties
1393 @appendixsec All context properties
1395 @include context-properties.tely
1398 @node Layout properties
1399 @appendixsec Layout properties
1401 @include layout-properties.tely
1404 @node Available music functions
1405 @appendixsec Available music functions
1407 @include identifiers.tely
1409 @node Context modification identifiers
1410 @appendixsec Context modification identifiers
1412 The following commands are defined for use as context modifications
1413 within a @code{\layout} or @code{\with} block.
1415 @include context-mod-identifiers.tely
1417 @node Predefined type predicates
1418 @appendixsec Predefined type predicates
1420 @include type-predicates.tely
1423 @node Scheme functions
1424 @appendixsec Scheme functions
1426 @include scheme-functions.tely