12 my $CONFIDENCE = 0.95;
15 my $NMB = 1024; # default
19 my $read_type = 1; # default, single end with qual
21 my @transcript_title = ("transcript_id", "gene_id", "length", "effective_length", "expected_count", "TPM", "FPKM", "IsoPct", "pme_expected_count", "pme_TPM", "pme_FPKM", "IsoPct_from_pme_TPM", "TPM_ci_lower_bound", "TPM_ci_upper_bound", "FPKM_ci_lower_bound", "FPKM_ci_upper_bound");
23 my @gene_title = ("gene_id", "transcript_id(s)", "length", "effective_length", "expected_count", "TPM", "FPKM", "pme_expected_count", "pme_TPM", "pme_FPKM", "TPM_ci_lower_bound", "TPM_ci_upper_bound", "FPKM_ci_lower_bound", "FPKM_ci_upper_bound");
30 my $chunkMbs = 0; # 0 = use bowtie default
51 my $genBamF = 1; # default is generating transcript bam file
52 my $genGenomeBamF = 0;
55 my $var_opt = 0; # temporarily, only for internal use
61 my $keep_intermediate_files = 0;
63 my $strand_specific = 0;
66 my ($time_start, $time_end, $time_alignment, $time_rsem, $time_ci) = (0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
72 my ($refName, $sampleName, $sampleToken, $temp_dir, $stat_dir, $imdName, $statName) = ();
75 GetOptions("keep-intermediate-files" => \$keep_intermediate_files,
76 "temporary-folder=s" => \$temp_dir,
77 "no-qualities" => \$no_qual,
78 "paired-end" => \$paired_end,
79 "strand-specific" => \$strand_specific,
82 "sam-header-info=s" => \$fn_list,
84 "seed-length=i" => \$L,
85 "bowtie-path=s" => \$bowtie_path,
88 "bowtie-m=i" => \$maxHits,
89 "bowtie-chunkmbs=i" => \$chunkMbs,
90 "phred33-quals" => \$phred33,
91 "phred64-quals" => \$phred64, #solexa1.3-quals" => \$phred64,
92 "solexa-quals" => \$solexa,
93 "forward-prob=f" => \$probF,
94 "fragment-length-min=i" => \$minL,
95 "fragment-length-max=i" => \$maxL,
96 "fragment-length-mean=f" => \$mean,
97 "fragment-length-sd=f" => \$sd,
98 "estimate-rspd" => \$estRSPD,
99 "num-rspd-bins=i" => \$B,
100 "p|num-threads=i" => \$nThreads,
101 "no-bam-output" => sub { $genBamF = 0; },
102 "output-genome-bam" => \$genGenomeBamF,
103 "sampling-for-bam" => \$sampling,
105 "calc-ci" => \$calcCI,
106 "ci-memory=i" => \$NMB,
108 "q|quiet" => \$quiet,
109 "h|help" => \$help) or pod2usage(-exitval => 2, -verbose => 2);
111 pod2usage(-verbose => 2) if ($help == 1);
114 #check parameters and options
116 if ($is_sam || $is_bam) {
117 pod2usage(-msg => "Invalid number of arguments!", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if (scalar(@ARGV) != 3);
118 pod2usage(-msg => "--sam and --bam cannot be active at the same time!", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($is_sam == 1&& $is_bam == 1);
119 pod2usage(-msg => "--bowtie-path, --bowtie-n, --bowtie-e, --bowtie-m, --phred33-quals, --phred64-quals or --solexa-quals cannot be set if input is SAM/BAM format!", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($bowtie_path ne "" || $C != 2 || $E != 99999999 || $maxHits != 200 || $phred33 || $phred64 || $solexa);
122 pod2usage(-msg => "Invalid number of arguments!", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if (!$paired_end && scalar(@ARGV) != 3 || $paired_end && scalar(@ARGV) != 4);
123 pod2usage(-msg => "Only one of --phred33-quals --phred64-quals/--solexa1.3-quals --solexa-suqls can be active!", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($phred33 + $phred64 + $solexa > 1);
124 podwusage(-msg => "--sam , --bam or --sam-header-info cannot be set if use bowtie aligner to produce alignments!", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($is_sam || $is_bam || $fn_list ne "");
127 pod2usage(-msg => "Forward probability should be in [0, 1]!", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($probF < 0 || $probF > 1);
128 pod2usage(-msg => "Min fragment length should be at least 1!", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($minL < 1);
129 pod2usage(-msg => "Min fragment length should be smaller or equal to max fragment length!", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($minL > $maxL);
130 pod2usage(-msg => "The memory allocated for calculating credibility intervals should be at least 1 MB!\n", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($NMB < 1);
131 pod2usage(-msg => "Number of threads should be at least 1!\n", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($nThreads < 1);
132 pod2usage(-msg => "Seed length should be at least 5!\n", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($L < 5);
133 pod2usage(-msg => "--sampling-for-bam cannot be specified if --no-bam-output is specified!\n", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($sampling && !$genBamF);
134 pod2usage(-msg => "--output-genome-bam cannot be specified if --no-bam-output is specified!\n", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($genGenomeBamF && !$genBamF);
136 if ($L < 25) { print "Warning: the seed length set is less than 25! This is only allowed if the references are not added poly(A) tails.\n"; }
138 if ($strand_specific) { $probF = 1.0; }
141 if ($no_qual) { $read_type = 2; }
142 else { $read_type = 3; }
145 if ($no_qual) { $read_type = 0; }
146 else { $read_type = 1; }
149 if (scalar(@ARGV) == 3) {
150 if ($is_sam || $is_bam) { $inpF = $ARGV[0]; }
151 else {$mate1_list = $ARGV[0]; }
153 $sampleName = $ARGV[2];
156 $mate1_list = $ARGV[0];
157 $mate2_list = $ARGV[1];
159 $sampleName = $ARGV[3];
162 if ($genGenomeBamF) {
163 open(INPUT, "$refName.ti");
164 my $line = <INPUT>; chomp($line);
166 my ($M, $type) = split(/ /, $line);
167 pod2usage(-msg => "No genome information provided, so genome bam file cannot be generated!\n", -exitval => 2, -verbose => 2) if ($type != 0);
170 my $pos = rindex($sampleName, '/');
171 if ($pos < 0) { $sampleToken = $sampleName; }
172 else { $sampleToken = substr($sampleName, $pos + 1); }
174 if ($temp_dir eq "") { $temp_dir = "$sampleName.temp"; }
175 $stat_dir = "$sampleName.stat";
177 if (!(-d $temp_dir) && !mkdir($temp_dir)) { print "Fail to create folder $temp_dir.\n"; exit(-1); }
178 if (!(-d $stat_dir) && !mkdir($stat_dir)) { print "Fail to create folder $stat_dir.\n"; exit(-1); }
180 $imdName = "$temp_dir/$sampleToken";
181 $statName = "$stat_dir/$sampleToken";
183 if (!$is_sam && !$is_bam && !$no_qual && ($phred33 + $phred64 + $solexa == 0)) { $phred33 = 1; }
185 my ($mate_minL, $mate_maxL) = (1, $maxL);
187 if ($bowtie_path ne "") { $bowtie_path .= "/"; }
189 my ($fn, $dir, $suf) = fileparse($0);
192 if (!$is_sam && !$is_bam) {
193 $command = $bowtie_path."bowtie";
194 if ($no_qual) { $command .= " -f"; }
195 else { $command .= " -q"; }
197 if ($phred33) { $command .= " --phred33-quals"; }
198 elsif ($phred64) { $command .= " --phred64-quals"; }
199 elsif ($solexa) { $command .= " --solexa-quals"; }
201 $command .= " -n $C -e $E -l $L";
202 if ($read_type == 2 || $read_type == 3) { $command .= " -I $minL -X $maxL"; }
203 if ($chunkMbs > 0) { $command .= " --chunkmbs $chunkMbs"; }
205 if ($strand_specific || $probF == 1.0) { $command .= " --norc"; }
206 elsif ($probF == 0.0) { $command .= " --nofw"; }
208 $command .= " -p $nThreads -a -m $maxHits -S";
209 if ($quiet) { $command .= " --quiet"; }
211 $command .= " $refName";
212 if ($read_type == 0 || $read_type == 1) {
213 $command .= " $mate1_list";
216 $command .= " -1 $mate1_list -2 $mate2_list";
219 # pipe to samtools to generate a BAM file
220 $command .= " | $dir\sam/samtools view -S -b -o $imdName.bam -";
222 if ($mTime) { $time_start = time(); }
224 &runCommand($command);
226 if ($mTime) { $time_end = time(); $time_alignment = $time_end - $time_start; }
228 $inpF = "$imdName.bam";
229 $is_bam = 1; # alignments are outputed as a BAM file
232 if ($mTime) { $time_start = time(); }
234 $command = $dir."rsem-parse-alignments $refName $imdName $statName";
237 if ($is_sam) { $samInpType = "s"; }
238 elsif ($is_bam) { $samInpType = "b"; }
240 $command .= " $samInpType $inpF -t $read_type";
241 if ($fn_list ne "") { $command .= " -l $fn_list"; }
242 if ($tagName ne "") { $command .= " -tag $tagName"; }
243 if ($quiet) { $command .= " -q"; }
245 &runCommand($command);
247 $command = $dir."rsem-build-read-index $gap";
248 if ($read_type == 0) { $command .= " 0 $quiet $imdName\_alignable.fa"; }
249 elsif ($read_type == 1) { $command .= " 1 $quiet $imdName\_alignable.fq"; }
250 elsif ($read_type == 2) { $command .= " 0 $quiet $imdName\_alignable_1.fa $imdName\_alignable_2.fa"; }
251 elsif ($read_type == 3) { $command .= " 1 $quiet $imdName\_alignable_1.fq $imdName\_alignable_2.fq"; }
252 else { print "Impossible! read_type is not in [1,2,3,4]!\n"; exit(-1); }
253 &runCommand($command);
255 my $doesOpen = open(OUTPUT, ">$imdName.mparams");
256 if ($doesOpen == 0) { print "Cannot generate $imdName.mparams!\n"; exit(-1); }
257 print OUTPUT "$minL $maxL\n";
258 print OUTPUT "$probF\n";
259 print OUTPUT "$estRSPD\n";
261 print OUTPUT "$mate_minL $mate_maxL\n";
262 print OUTPUT "$mean $sd\n";
266 $command = $dir."rsem-run-em $refName $read_type $sampleName $imdName $statName -p $nThreads";
268 $command .= " -b $samInpType $inpF";
269 if ($fn_list ne "") { $command .= " 1 $fn_list"; }
270 else { $command .= " 0"; }
271 if ($sampling) { $command .= " --sampling"; }
273 if ($calcCI || $var_opt) { $command .= " --gibbs-out"; }
274 if ($quiet) { $command .= " -q"; }
276 &runCommand($command);
278 &collectResults("isoform", "$imdName.iso_res", "$sampleName.isoforms.results"); # isoform level
279 &collectResults("gene", "$imdName.gene_res", "$sampleName.genes.results"); # gene level
282 $command = $dir."sam/samtools sort $sampleName.transcript.bam $sampleName.transcript.sorted";
283 &runCommand($command);
284 $command = $dir."sam/samtools index $sampleName.transcript.sorted.bam";
285 &runCommand($command);
287 if ($genGenomeBamF) {
288 $command = $dir."rsem-tbam2gbam $refName $sampleName.transcript.bam $sampleName.genome.bam";
289 &runCommand($command);
290 $command = $dir."sam/samtools sort $sampleName.genome.bam $sampleName.genome.sorted";
291 &runCommand($command);
292 $command = $dir."sam/samtools index $sampleName.genome.sorted.bam";
293 &runCommand($command);
297 if ($mTime) { $time_end = time(); $time_rsem = $time_end - $time_start; }
299 if ($mTime) { $time_start = time(); }
301 if ($calcCI || $var_opt) {
302 $command = $dir."rsem-run-gibbs $refName $imdName $statName $BURNIN $NCV $SAMPLEGAP";
303 $command .= " -p $nThreads";
304 if ($var_opt) { $command .= " --var"; }
305 if ($quiet) { $command .= " -q"; }
306 &runCommand($command);
310 system("mv $sampleName.isoforms.results $imdName.isoforms.results.bak1");
311 system("mv $sampleName.genes.results $imdName.genes.results.bak1");
312 &collectResults("isoform", "$imdName.iso_res", "$sampleName.isoforms.results"); # isoform level
313 &collectResults("gene", "$imdName.gene_res", "$sampleName.genes.results"); # gene level
315 $command = $dir."rsem-calculate-credibility-intervals $refName $imdName $statName $CONFIDENCE $NCV $NSPC $NMB";
316 $command .= " -p $nThreads";
317 if ($quiet) { $command .= " -q"; }
318 &runCommand($command);
320 system("mv $sampleName.isoforms.results $imdName.isoforms.results.bak2");
321 system("mv $sampleName.genes.results $imdName.genes.results.bak2");
322 &collectResults("isoform", "$imdName.iso_res", "$sampleName.isoforms.results"); # isoform level
323 &collectResults("gene", "$imdName.gene_res", "$sampleName.genes.results"); # gene level
326 if ($mTime) { $time_end = time(); $time_ci = $time_end - $time_start; }
328 if ($mTime) { $time_start = time(); }
330 if (!$keep_intermediate_files) {
331 &runCommand("rm -rf $temp_dir", "Fail to delete the temporary folder!");
334 if ($mTime) { $time_end = time(); }
337 open(OUTPUT, ">$sampleName.time");
338 print OUTPUT "Aligning reads: $time_alignment s.\n";
339 print OUTPUT "Estimating expression levels: $time_rsem s.\n";
340 print OUTPUT "Calculating credibility intervals: $time_ci s.\n";
341 my $time_del = $time_end - $time_start;
342 # print OUTPUT "Delete: $time_del s.\n";
349 my $status = system($_[0]);
352 if (scalar(@_) > 1) { $errmsg .= $_[1]."\n"; }
353 $errmsg .= "\"$_[0]\" failed! Plase check if you provide correct parameters/options for the pipeline!\n";
370 $local_status = open(INPUT, $inpF);
371 if ($local_status == 0) { print "Fail to open file $inpF!\n"; exit(-1); }
375 while ($line = <INPUT>) {
377 my @local_arr = split(/\t/, $line);
378 push(@results, \@local_arr);
383 $local_status = open(OUTPUT, ">$outF");
384 if ($local_status == 0) { print "Fail to create file $outF!\n"; exit(-1); }
386 my $n = scalar(@results);
387 my $m = scalar(@{$results[0]});
392 for (my $i = 0; $i < $n; $i++) {
393 if ($_[0] eq "isoform") { push(@out_arr, $transcript_title[$i]); }
394 elsif ($_[0] eq "gene") { push(@out_arr, $gene_title[$i]); }
395 else { print "A bug on 'collectResults' is detected!\n"; exit(-1); }
397 print OUTPUT "@out_arr\n";
399 for (my $i = 0; $i < $m; $i++) {
401 for (my $j = 0; $j < $n; $j++) { push(@out_arr, $results[$j][$i]); }
402 print OUTPUT "@out_arr\n";
412 rsem-calculate-expression
418 rsem-calculate-expression [options] upstream_read_file(s) reference_name sample_name
419 rsem-calculate-expression [options] --paired-end upstream_read_file(s) downstream_read_file(s) reference_name sample_name
420 rsem-calculate-expression [options] --sam/--bam [--paired-end] input reference_name sample_name
428 =item B<upstream_read_files(s)>
430 Comma-separated list of files containing single-end reads or upstream reads for paired-end data. By default, these files are assumed to be in FASTQ format. If the --no-qualities option is specified, then FASTA format is expected.
432 =item B<downstream_read_file(s)>
434 Comma-separated list of files containing downstream reads which are paired with the upstream reads. By default, these files are assumed to be in FASTQ format. If the --no-qualities option is specified, then FASTA format is expected.
438 SAM/BAM formatted input file. If "-" is specified for the filename, SAM/BAM input is instead assumed to come from standard input. RSEM requires all alignments of the same read group together. For paired-end reads, RSEM also requires the two mates of any alignment be adjacent. See Description section for how to make input file obey RSEM's requirements.
440 =item B<reference_name>
442 The name of the reference used. The user must have run 'rsem-prepare-reference' with this reference_name before running this program.
446 The name of the sample analyzed. All output files are prefixed by this name (e.g., sample_name.genes.results)
454 =item B<--paired-end>
456 Input reads are paired-end reads. (Default: off)
458 =item B<--no-qualities>
460 Input reads do not contain quality scores. (Default: off)
462 =item B<--strand-specific>
464 The RNA-Seq protocol used to generate the reads is strand specific, i.e., all (upstream) reads are derived from the forward strand. This option is equivalent to --forward-prob=1.0. With this option set, if RSEM runs the Bowtie aligner, the '--norc' Bowtie option will be used, which disables alignment to the reverse strand of transcripts. (Default: off)
468 Input file is in SAM format. (Default: off)
472 Input file is in BAM format. (Default: off)
474 =item B<--sam-header-info> <file>
476 RSEM reads header information from input by default. If this option is on, header information is read from the specified file. For the format of the file, please see SAM official website. (Default: "")
478 =item B<-p/--num-threads> <int>
480 Number of threads to use. Both Bowtie and expression estimation will use this many threads. (Default: 1)
482 =item B<--no-bam-output>
484 Do not output any BAM file. (Default: off)
486 =item B<--output-genome-bam>
488 Generate a BAM file, 'sample_name.genome.bam', with alignments mapped to genomic coordinates and annotated with their posterior probabilities. In addition, RSEM will call samtools (included in RSEM package) to sort and index the bam file. 'sample_name.genome.sorted.bam' and 'sample_name.genome.sorted.bam.bai' will be generated. (Default: off)
490 =item B<--sampling-for-bam>
492 When RSEM generates a BAM file, instead of outputing all alignments a read has with their posterior probabilities, one alignment is sampled according to the posterior probabilities. The sampling procedure includes the alignment to the "noise" transcript, which does not appear in the BAM file. Only the sampled alignment has a weight of 1. All other alignments have weight 0. If the "noise" transcript is sampled, all alignments appeared in the BAM file should have weight 0. (Default: off)
496 Calculate 95% credibility intervals and posterior mean estimates. (Default: off)
498 =item B<--seed-length> <int>
500 Seed length used by the read aligner. Providing the correct value is important for RSEM. If RSEM runs Bowtie, it uses this value for Bowtie's seed length parameter. Any read with its or at least one of its mates' (for paired-end reads) length less than this value will be ignored. If the references are not added poly(A) tails, the minimum allowed value is 5, otherwise, the minimum allowed value is 25. Note that this script will only check if the value >= 5 and give a warning message if the value < 25 but >= 5. (Default: 25)
502 =item B<--tag> <string>
504 The name of the optional field used in the SAM input for identifying a read with too many valid alignments. The field should have the format <tagName>:i:<value>, where a <value> bigger than 0 indicates a read with too many alignments. (Default: "")
506 =item B<--bowtie-path> <path>
508 The path to the bowtie executables. (Default: the path to the bowtie executables is assumed to be in the user's PATH environment variable)
510 =item B<--bowtie-n> <int>
512 (Bowtie parameter) max # of mismatches in the seed. (Range: 0-3, Default: 2)
514 =item B<--bowtie-e> <int>
516 (Bowtie parameter) max sum of mismatch quality scores across the alignment. (Default: 99999999)
518 =item B<--bowtie-m> <int>
520 (Bowtie parameter) suppress all alignments for a read if > <int> valid alignments exist. (Default: 200)
522 =item B<--bowtie-chunkmbs> <int>
524 (Bowtie parameter) memory allocated for best first alignment calculation (Default: 0 - use bowtie's default)
526 =item B<--phred33-quals>
528 Input quality scores are encoded as Phred+33. (Default: on)
530 =item B<--phred64-quals>
532 Input quality scores are encoded as Phred+64 (default for GA Pipeline ver. >= 1.3). (Default: off)
534 =item B<--solexa-quals>
536 Input quality scores are solexa encoded (from GA Pipeline ver. < 1.3). (Default: off)
538 =item B<--forward-prob> <double>
540 Probability of generating a read from the forward strand of a transcript. Set to 1 for a strand-specific protocol where all (upstream) reads are derived from the forward strand, 0 for a strand-specific protocol where all (upstream) read are derived from the reverse strand, or 0.5 for a non-strand-specific protocol. (Default: 0.5)
542 =item B<--fragment-length-min> <int>
544 Minimum read/insert length allowed. This is also the value for the bowtie -I option. (Default: 1)
546 =item B<--fragment-length-max> <int>
548 Maximum read/insert length allowed. This is also the value for the bowtie -X option. (Default: 1000)
550 =item B<--fragment-length-mean> <double>
552 (single-end data only) The mean of the fragment length distribution, which is assumed to be a Gaussian. (Default: -1, which disables use of the fragment length distribution)
554 =item B<--fragment-length-sd> <double>
556 (single-end data only) The standard deviation of the fragment length distribution, which is assumed to be a Gaussian. (Default: 0, which assumes that all fragments are of the same length, given by the rounded value of B<--fragment-length-mean>)
558 =item B<--estimate-rspd>
560 Set this option if you want to estimate the read start position distribution (RSPD) from data. Otherwise, RSEM will use a uniform RSPD. (Default: off)
562 =item B<--num-rspd-bins> <int>
564 Number of bins in the RSPD. Only relevant when '--estimate-rspd' is specified. Use of the default setting is recommended. (Default: 20)
566 =item B<--ci-memory> <int>
568 Maximum size (in memory, MB) of the auxiliary buffer used for computing credibility intervals (CI). Set it larger for a faster CI calculation. However, leaving 2 GB memory free for other usage is recommended. (Default: 1024)
570 =item B<--keep-intermediate-files>
572 Keep temporary files generated by RSEM. RSEM creates a temporary directory, 'sample_name.temp', into which it puts all intermediate output files. If this directory already exists, RSEM overwrites all files generated by previous RSEM runs inside of it. By default, after RSEM finishes, the temporary directory is deleted. Set this option to prevent the deletion of this directory and the intermediate files inside of it. (Default: off)
574 =item B<--temporary-folder> <string>
576 Set where to put the temporary files generated by RSEM. If the folder specified does not exist, RSEM will try to create it. (Default: sample_name.temp)
580 Output time consumed by each step of RSEM to 'sample_name.time'. (Default: off)
584 Suppress the output of logging information. (Default: off)
588 Show help information.
594 In its default mode, this program aligns input reads against a reference transcriptome with Bowtie and calculates expression values using the alignments. RSEM assumes the data are single-end reads with quality scores, unless the '--paired-end' or '--no-qualities' options are specified. Users may use an alternative aligner by specifying one of the --sam and --bam options, and providing an alignment file in the specified format. However, users should make sure that they align against the indices generated by 'rsem-prepare-reference' and the alignment file satisfies the requirements mentioned in ARGUMENTS section.
596 One simple way to make the alignment file satisfying RSEM's requirements (assuming the aligner used put mates in a paired-end read adjacent) is to use 'convert-sam-for-rsem' script. This script only accept SAM format files as input. If a BAM format file is obtained, please use samtools to convert it to a SAM file first. For example, if '/ref/mouse_125' is the 'reference_name' and the SAM file is named 'input.sam', you can run the following command:
598 convert-sam-for-rsem /ref/mouse_125 input.sam -o input_for_rsem.sam
600 For details, please refer to 'convert-sam-for-rsem's documentation page.
602 The SAM/BAM format RSEM uses is v1.4. However, it is compatible with old SAM/BAM format. However, RSEM cannot recognize 0x100 in the FLAG field. In addition, RSEM requires SEQ and QUAL are not '*'.
604 The user must run 'rsem-prepare-reference' with the appropriate reference before using this program.
606 For single-end data, it is strongly recommended that the user provide the fragment length distribution parameters (--fragment-length-mean and --fragment-length-sd). For paired-end data, RSEM will automatically learn a fragment length distribution from the data.
608 Please note that some of the default values for the Bowtie parameters are not the same as those defined for Bowtie itself.
610 The temporary directory and all intermediate files will be removed when RSEM finishes unless '--keep-intermediate-files' is specified.
612 With the '--calc-ci' option, 95% credibility intervals and posterior mean estimates will be calculated in addition to maximum likelihood estimates.
618 =item B<sample_name.isoforms.results>
620 File containing isoform level expression estimates. The first line
621 contains column names separated by the tab character. The format of
622 each line in the rest of this file is:
624 transcript_id gene_id length effective_length expected_count TPM FPKM IsoPct [pme_expected_count pme_TPM pme_FPKM IsoPct_from_pme_TPM TPM_ci_lower_bound TPM_ci_upper_bound FPKM_ci_lower_bound FPKM_ci_upper_bound]
626 Fields are separated by the tab character. Fields within "[]" are only
627 presented if '--calc-ci' is set.
629 'transcript_id' is the transcript name of this transcript. 'gene_id'
630 is the gene name of the gene which this transcript belongs to (denote
631 this gene as its parent gene). If no gene information is provided,
632 'gene_id' and 'transcript_id' are the same.
634 'length' is this transcript's sequence length (poly(A) tail is not
635 counted). 'effective_length' counts only the positions that can
636 generate a valid fragment. If no poly(A) tail is added,
637 'effective_length' is equal to transcript length - mean fragment
638 length + 1. If one transcript's effective length is less than 1, this
639 transcript's both effective length and abundance estimates are set to
642 'expected_count' is the sum of the posterior probability of each read
643 comes from this transcript over all reads. Because 1) each read
644 aligning to this transcript has a probability of being generated from
645 background noise; 2) RSEM may filter some alignable low quality reads,
646 the sum of expected counts for all transcript are generally less than
647 the total number of reads aligned.
649 'TPM' stands for Transcripts Per Million. It is a relative measure of
650 transcript abundance. The sum of all transcripts' TPM is 1
651 million. 'FPKM' stands for Fragments Per Kilobase of transcript per
652 Million mapped reads. It is another relative measure of transcript
653 abundance. If we define l_bar be the mean transcript length in a
654 sample, which can be calculated as
656 l_bar = \sum_i TPM_i / 10^6 * effective_length_i (i goes through every transcript),
658 the following equation is hold:
660 FPKM_i = 10^3 / l_bar * TPM_i.
662 We can see that the sum of FPKM is not a constant across samples.
664 'IsoPct' stands for isoform percentage. It is the percentage of this
665 transcript's abandunce over its parent gene's abandunce. If its parent
666 gene has only one isoform or the gene information is not provided,
667 this field will be set to 100.
669 'pme_expected_count', 'pme_TPM', 'pme_FPKM' are posterior mean
670 estimates calculated by RSEM's Gibbs sampler. 'IsoPct_from_pme_TPM' is
671 the isoform percentage calculated from 'pme_TPM' values.
673 'TPM_ci_lower_bound', 'TPM_ci_upper_bound', 'FPKM_ci_lower_bound' and
674 'FPKM_ci_upper_bound' are lower(l) and upper(u) bounds of 95%
675 credibility intervals for TPM and FPKM values. The bounds are
676 inclusive (i.e. [l, u]).
678 =item B<sample_name.genes.results>
680 File containing gene level expression estimates. The first line
681 contains column names separated by the tab character. The format of
682 each line in the rest of this file is:
684 gene_id transcript_id(s) length effective_length expected_count TPM FPKM [pme_expected_count pme_TPM pme_FPKM TPM_ci_lower_bound TPM_ci_upper_bound FPKM_ci_lower_bound FPKM_ci_upper_bound]
686 Fields are separated by the tab character. Fields within "[]" are only
687 presented if '--calc-ci' is set.
689 'transcript_id(s)' is a comma-separated list of transcript_ids
690 belonging to this gene. If no gene information is provided, 'gene_id'
691 and 'transcript_id(s)' are identical (the 'transcript_id').
693 A gene's 'length' and 'effective_length' are
694 defined as the weighted average of its transcripts' lengths and
695 effective lengths (weighted by 'IsoPct'). A gene's abundance estimates
696 are just the sum of its transcripts' abundance estimates.
698 =item B<sample_name.transcript.bam, sample_name.transcript.sorted.bam and sample_name.transcript.sorted.bam.bai>
700 Only generated when --no-bam-output is not specified.
702 'sample_name.transcript.bam' is a BAM-formatted file of read
703 alignments in transcript coordinates. The MAPQ field of each alignment
704 is set to min(100, floor(-10 * log10(1.0 - w) + 0.5)), where w is the
705 posterior probability of that alignment being the true mapping of a
706 read. In addition, RSEM pads a new tag ZW:f:value, where value is a
707 single precision floating number representing the posterior
708 probability. Because this file contains all alignment lines produced
709 by bowtie or user-specified aligners, it can also be used as a
710 replacement of the aligner generated BAM/SAM file. For paired-end
711 reads, if one mate has alignments but the other does not, this file
712 marks the alignable mate as "unmappable" (flag bit 0x4) and appends an
713 optional field "Z0:A:!".
715 'sample_name.transcript.sorted.bam' and
716 'sample_name.transcript.sorted.bam.bai' are the sorted BAM file and
717 indices generated by samtools (included in RSEM package).
719 =item B<sample_name.genome.bam, sample_name.genome.sorted.bam and sample_name.genome.sorted.bam.bai>
721 Only generated when --no-bam-output is not specified and --output-genome-bam is specified.
723 'sample_name.genome.bam' is a BAM-formatted file of read alignments in
724 genomic coordinates. Alignments of reads that have identical genomic
725 coordinates (i.e., alignments to different isoforms that share the
726 same genomic region) are collapsed into one alignment. The MAPQ field
727 of each alignment is set to min(100, floor(-10 * log10(1.0 - w) +
728 0.5)), where w is the posterior probability of that alignment being
729 the true mapping of a read. In addition, RSEM pads a new tag
730 ZW:f:value, where value is a single precision floating number
731 representing the posterior probability. If an alignment is spliced, a
732 XS:A:value tag is also added, where value is either '+' or '-'
733 indicating the strand of the transcript it aligns to.
735 'sample_name.genome.sorted.bam' and 'sample_name.genome.sorted.bam.bai' are the
736 sorted BAM file and indices generated by samtools (included in RSEM package).
738 =item B<sample_name.time>
740 Only generated when --time is specified.
742 It contains time (in seconds) consumed by aligning reads, estimating expression levels and calculating credibility intervals.
744 =item B<sample_name.stat>
746 This is a folder instead of a file. All model related statistics are stored in this folder. Use 'rsem-plot-model' can generate plots using this folder.
752 Assume the path to the bowtie executables is in the user's PATH environment variable. Reference files are under '/ref' with name 'mouse_125'.
754 1) '/data/mmliver.fq', single-end reads with quality scores. Quality scores are encoded as for 'GA pipeline version >= 1.3'. We want to use 8 threads and generate a genome BAM file:
756 rsem-calculate-expression --phred64-quals \
758 --output-genome-bam \
763 2) '/data/mmliver_1.fq' and '/data/mmliver_2.fq', paired-end reads with quality scores. Quality scores are in SANGER format. We want to use 8 threads and do not generate a genome BAM file:
765 rsem-calculate-expression -p 8 \
770 mmliver_paired_end_quals
772 3) '/data/mmliver.fa', single-end reads without quality scores. We want to use 8 threads:
774 rsem-calculate-expression -p 8 \
778 mmliver_single_without_quals
780 4) Data are the same as 1). We want to take a fragment length distribution into consideration. We set the fragment length mean to 150 and the standard deviation to 35. In addition to a BAM file, we also want to generate credibility intervals. We allow RSEM to use 1GB of memory for CI calculation:
782 rsem-calculate-expression --bowtie-path /sw/bowtie \
784 --fragment-length-mean 150.0 \
785 --fragment-length-sd 35.0 \
787 --output-genome-bam \
794 5) '/data/mmliver_paired_end_quals.bam', paired-end reads with quality scores. We want to use 8 threads:
796 rsem-calculate-expression --paired-end \
799 /data/mmliver_paired_end_quals.bam \
801 mmliver_paired_end_quals