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1 # RGB Lighting
2
3 QMK has the ability to control RGB LEDs attached to your keyboard. This is commonly called *underglow*, due to the LEDs often being mounted on the bottom of the keyboard, producing a nice diffused effect when combined with a translucent case.
4
5 ![Planck with RGB Underglow](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/qmk/qmk_firmware/3774a7fcdab5544fc787f4c200be05fcd417e31f/keyboards/planck/keymaps/yang/planck-with-rgb-underglow.jpg)
6
7 Some keyboards come with RGB LEDs preinstalled. Others must have them installed after the fact. See the [Hardware Modification](#hardware-modification) section for information on adding RGB lighting to your keyboard.
8
9 Currently QMK supports the following addressable LEDs on AVR microcontrollers (however, the white LED in RGBW variants is not supported):
10
11  * WS2811, WS2812, WS2812B, WS2812C, etc.
12  * SK6812, SK6812MINI, SK6805
13
14 These LEDs are called "addressable" because instead of using a wire per color, each LED contains a small microchip that understands a special protocol sent over a single wire. The chip passes on the remaining data to the next LED, allowing them to be chained together. In this way, you can easily control the color of the individual LEDs.
15
16 ## Usage
17
18 On keyboards with onboard RGB LEDs, it is usually enabled by default. If it is not working for you, check that your `rules.mk` includes the following:
19
20 ```make
21 RGBLIGHT_ENABLE = yes
22 ```
23
24 At minimum you must define the data pin your LED strip is connected to, and the number of LEDs in the strip, in your `config.h`. If your keyboard has onboard RGB LEDs, and you are simply creating a keymap, you usually won't need to modify these.
25
26 |Define         |Description                                                                                              |
27 |---------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
28 |`RGB_DI_PIN`   |The pin connected to the data pin of the LEDs                                                            |
29 |`RGBLED_NUM`   |The number of LEDs connected                                                                             |
30 |`RGBLED_SPLIT` |(Optional) For split keyboards, the number of LEDs connected on each half directly wired to `RGB_DI_PIN` |
31
32 Then you should be able to use the keycodes below to change the RGB lighting to your liking.
33
34 ### Color Selection
35
36 QMK uses [Hue, Saturation, and Value](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_and_HSV) to select colors rather than RGB. The color wheel below demonstrates how this works.
37
38 <img src="gitbook/images/color-wheel.svg" alt="HSV Color Wheel" width="250"/>
39
40 Changing the **Hue** cycles around the circle.  
41 Changing the **Saturation** moves between the inner and outer sections of the wheel, affecting the intensity of the color.  
42 Changing the **Value** sets the overall brightness.
43
44 ## Keycodes
45
46 |Key                |Aliases   |Description                                                         |
47 |-------------------|----------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|
48 |`RGB_TOG`          |          |Toggle RGB lighting on or off                                       |
49 |`RGB_MODE_FORWARD` |`RGB_MOD` |Cycle through modes, reverse direction when Shift is held           |
50 |`RGB_MODE_REVERSE` |`RGB_RMOD`|Cycle through modes in reverse, forward direction when Shift is held|
51 |`RGB_HUI`          |          |Increase hue                                                        |
52 |`RGB_HUD`          |          |Decrease hue                                                        |
53 |`RGB_SAI`          |          |Increase saturation                                                 |
54 |`RGB_SAD`          |          |Decrease saturation                                                 |
55 |`RGB_VAI`          |          |Increase value (brightness)                                         |
56 |`RGB_VAD`          |          |Decrease value (brightness)                                         |
57 |`RGB_MODE_PLAIN`   |`RGB_M_P `|Static (no animation) mode                                          |
58 |`RGB_MODE_BREATHE` |`RGB_M_B` |Breathing animation mode                                            |
59 |`RGB_MODE_RAINBOW` |`RGB_M_R` |Rainbow animation mode                                              |
60 |`RGB_MODE_SWIRL`   |`RGB_M_SW`|Swirl animation mode                                                |
61 |`RGB_MODE_SNAKE`   |`RGB_M_SN`|Snake animation mode                                                |
62 |`RGB_MODE_KNIGHT`  |`RGB_M_K` |"Knight Rider" animation mode                                       |
63 |`RGB_MODE_XMAS`    |`RGB_M_X` |Christmas animation mode                                            |
64 |`RGB_MODE_GRADIENT`|`RGB_M_G` |Static gradient animation mode                                      |
65 |`RGB_MODE_RGBTEST` |`RGB_M_T` |Red, Green, Blue test animation mode                                |
66
67 ## Configuration
68
69 Your RGB lighting can be configured by placing these `#define`s in your `config.h`:
70
71 |Define               |Default      |Description                                                                  |
72 |---------------------|-------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
73 |`RGBLIGHT_HUE_STEP`  |`10`         |The number of steps to cycle through the hue by                              |
74 |`RGBLIGHT_SAT_STEP`  |`17`         |The number of steps to increment the saturation by                           |
75 |`RGBLIGHT_VAL_STEP`  |`17`         |The number of steps to increment the brightness by                           |
76 |`RGBLIGHT_LIMIT_VAL` |`255`        |The maximum brightness level                                                 |
77 |`RGBLIGHT_SLEEP`     |*Not defined*|If defined, the RGB lighting will be switched off when the host goes to sleep|
78 |`RGBLIGHT_SPLIT`     |*Not defined*|If defined, synchronization functionality for split keyboards is added|
79
80 ## Animations
81
82
83 Not only can this lighting be whatever color you want,
84 if `RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_xxxx` or `RGBLIGHT_ANIMATIONS` is defined, you also have a number of animation modes at your disposal:
85
86 |Mode number symbol           |Additional number  |Description                            |
87 |-----------------------------|-------------------|---------------------------------------|
88 |`RGBLIGHT_MODE_STATIC_LIGHT` | *None*            |Solid color (this mode is always enabled) |
89 |`RGBLIGHT_MODE_BREATHING`    | 0,1,2,3           |Solid color breathing                  |
90 |`RGBLIGHT_MODE_RAINBOW_MOOD` | 0,1,2             |Cycling rainbow                        |
91 |`RGBLIGHT_MODE_RAINBOW_SWIRL`| 0,1,2,3,4,5       |Swirling rainbow                       |
92 |`RGBLIGHT_MODE_SNAKE`        | 0,1,2,3,4,5       |Snake                                  |
93 |`RGBLIGHT_MODE_KNIGHT`       | 0,1,2             |Knight                                 |
94 |`RGBLIGHT_MODE_CHRISTMAS`    | *None*            |Christmas                              |
95 |`RGBLIGHT_MODE_STATIC_GRADIENT`| 0,1,..,9        |Static gradient                        |
96 |`RGBLIGHT_MODE_RGB_TEST`     | *None*            |RGB Test                               |
97 |`RGBLIGHT_MODE_ALTERNATING`  | *None*            |Alternating                            |
98
99 Check out [this video](https://youtube.com/watch?v=VKrpPAHlisY) for a demonstration.
100
101 Note: For versions older than 0.6.117, The mode numbers were written directly. In `quantum/rgblight.h` there is a contrast table between the old mode number and the current symbol.
102
103 The following options can be used to tweak the various animations:
104
105 |Define                              |Default      |Description                                                                          |
106 |------------------------------------|-------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
107 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_BREATHING`         |*Not defined*|If defined, enable breathing animation mode.                                         |
108 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_RAINBOW_MOOD`      |*Not defined*|If defined, enable rainbow mood animation mode.                                      |
109 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_RAINBOW_SWIRL`     |*Not defined*|If defined, enable rainbow swirl animation mode.                                     |
110 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_SNAKE`             |*Not defined*|If defined, enable snake animation mode.                                             |
111 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_KNIGHT`            |*Not defined*|If defined, enable knight animation mode.                                            |
112 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_CHRISTMAS`         |*Not defined*|If defined, enable christmas animation mode.                                         |
113 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_STATIC_GRADIENT`   |*Not defined*|If defined, enable static gradient mode.                                             |
114 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_RGB_TEST`          |*Not defined*|If defined, enable RGB test animation mode.                                          |
115 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_ALTERNATING`       |*Not defined*|If defined, enable alternating animation mode.                                       |
116 |`RGBLIGHT_ANIMATIONS`               |*Not defined*|If defined, enables all additional animation modes                                   |
117 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_BREATHE_CENTER`    |`1.85`       |Used to calculate the curve for the breathing animation. Valid values are 1.0 to 2.7 |
118 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_BREATHE_MAX`       |`255`        |The maximum brightness for the breathing mode. Valid values are 1 to 255             |
119 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_SNAKE_LENGTH`      |`4`          |The number of LEDs to light up for the "Snake" animation                             |
120 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_KNIGHT_LENGTH`     |`3`          |The number of LEDs to light up for the "Knight" animation                            |
121 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_KNIGHT_OFFSET`     |`0`          |The number of LEDs to start the "Knight" animation from the start of the strip by    |
122 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_KNIGHT_LED_NUM`    |`RGBLED_NUM` |The number of LEDs to have the "Knight" animation travel                             |
123 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_CHRISTMAS_INTERVAL`|`1000`       |How long to wait between light changes for the "Christmas" animation, in milliseconds|
124 |`RGBLIGHT_EFFECT_CHRISTMAS_STEP`    |`2`          |The number of LEDs to group the red/green colors by for the "Christmas" animation    |
125 |`RGBLIGHT_RAINBOW_SWIRL_RANGE`      |`360`        |Range adjustment for the rainbow swirl effect to get different swirls                |
126
127 You can also modify the speeds that the different modes animate at:
128
129 Here is a quick demo on Youtube (with NPKC KC60) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VKrpPAHlisY).
130
131 ```c
132 // How long (in milliseconds) to wait between animation steps for each of the "Solid color breathing" animations
133 const uint8_t RGBLED_BREATHING_INTERVALS[] PROGMEM = {30, 20, 10, 5};
134
135 // How long (in milliseconds) to wait between animation steps for each of the "Cycling rainbow" animations
136 const uint8_t RGBLED_RAINBOW_MOOD_INTERVALS[] PROGMEM = {120, 60, 30};
137
138 // How long (in milliseconds) to wait between animation steps for each of the "Swirling rainbow" animations
139 const uint8_t RGBLED_RAINBOW_SWIRL_INTERVALS[] PROGMEM = {100, 50, 20};
140
141 // How long (in milliseconds) to wait between animation steps for each of the "Snake" animations
142 const uint8_t RGBLED_SNAKE_INTERVALS[] PROGMEM = {100, 50, 20};
143
144 // How long (in milliseconds) to wait between animation steps for each of the "Knight" animations
145 const uint8_t RGBLED_KNIGHT_INTERVALS[] PROGMEM = {127, 63, 31};
146
147 // These control which hues are selected for each of the "Static gradient" modes
148 const uint16_t RGBLED_GRADIENT_RANGES[] PROGMEM = {360, 240, 180, 120, 90};
149 ```
150
151 ## Functions
152
153 If you need to change your RGB lighting in code, for example in a macro to change the color whenever you switch layers, QMK provides a set of functions to assist you. See [`rgblight.h`](https://github.com/qmk/qmk_firmware/blob/master/quantum/rgblight.h) for the full list, but the most commonly used functions include:
154
155 |Function                                    |Description                                                                                                                                                   |
156 |--------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
157 |`rgblight_enable()`                         |Turn LEDs on, based on their previous state                                                                                                                   |
158 |`rgblight_enable_noeeprom()`                |Turn LEDs on, based on their previous state (not written to EEPROM)                                                                                           |
159 |`rgblight_disable()`                        |Turn LEDs off                                                                                                                                                 |
160 |`rgblight_disable_noeeprom()`               |Turn LEDs off (not written to EEPROM)                                                                                                                         |
161 |`rgblight_mode(x)`                          |Set the mode, if RGB animations are enabled                                                                                                                   |
162 |`rgblight_mode_noeeprom(x)`                 |Set the mode, if RGB animations are enabled (not written to EEPROM)                                                                                           |
163 |`rgblight_setrgb(r, g, b)`                  |Set all LEDs to the given RGB value where `r`/`g`/`b` are between 0 and 255 (not written to EEPROM)                                                           |
164 |`rgblight_setrgb_at(r, g, b, led)`          |Set a single LED to the given RGB value, where `r`/`g`/`b` are between 0 and 255 and `led` is between 0 and `RGBLED_NUM` (not written to EEPROM)              |
165 |`rgblight_setrgb_range(r, g, b, start, end)`|Set a continuous range of LEDs to the given RGB value, where `r`/`g`/`b` are between 0 and 255 and `start`(included) and `stop`(excluded) are between 0 and `RGBLED_NUM` (not written to EEPROM)|
166 |`rgblight_setrgb_master(r, g, b)`           |Set the LEDs on the master side  to the given RGB value, where `r`/`g`/`b` are between 0 and 255 (not written to EEPROM)                                      |
167 |`rgblight_setrgb_slave(r, g, b)`            |Set the LEDs on the slave side  to the given RGB value, where `r`/`g`/`b` are between 0 and 255 (not written to EEPROM)                                       |
168 |`rgblight_sethsv(h, s, v)`                  |Set all LEDs to the given HSV value where `h` is between 0 and 360 and `s`/`v` are between 0 and 255                                                          |
169 |`rgblight_sethsv_noeeprom(h, s, v)`         |Set all LEDs to the given HSV value where `h` is between 0 and 360 and `s`/`v` are between 0 and 255 (not written to EEPROM)                                  |
170 |`rgblight_sethsv_at(h, s, v, led)`          |Set a single LED to the given HSV value, where `h` is between 0 and 360, `s`/`v` are between 0 and 255, and `led` is between 0 and `RGBLED_NUM` (not written to EEPROM)|
171 |`rgblight_sethsv_range(h, s, v, start, end)`|Set a continuous range of LEDs to the given HSV value, where `h` is between 0 and 360, `s`/`v` are between 0 and 255, and `start`(included) and `stop`(excluded) are between 0 and `RGBLED_NUM` (not written to EEPROM)|
172 |`rgblight_sethsv_master(h, s, v)`           |Set the LEDs on the master side to the given HSV value, where `h` is between 0 and 360, `s`/`v` are between 0 and 255 (not written to EEPROM)                 |
173 |`rgblight_sethsv_slave(h, s, v)`            |Set the LEDs on the slave side to the given HSV value, where `h` is between 0 and 360, `s`/`v` are between 0 and 255 (not written to EEPROM)                  |
174 |`rgblight_toggle()`                         |Toggle all LEDs between on and off                                                                                                                            |
175 |`rgblight_toggle_noeeprom()`                |Toggle all LEDs between on and off (not written to EEPROM)                                                                                                    |
176 |`rgblight_step()`                           |Change the mode to the next RGB animation in the list of enabled RGB animations                                                                               |
177 |`rgblight_step_noeeprom()`                  |Change the mode to the next RGB animation in the list of enabled RGB animations (not written to EEPROM)                                                       |
178 |`rgblight_step_reverse()`                   |Change the mode to the previous RGB animation in the list of enabled RGB animations                                                                           |
179 |`rgblight_step_reverse_noeeprom()`          |Change the mode to the previous RGB animation in the list of enabled RGB animations (not written to EEPROM)                                                   |
180 |`rgblight_increase_hue()`                   |Increase the hue for all LEDs. This wraps around at maximum hue                                                                                               |
181 |`rgblight_increase_hue_noeeprom()`          |Increase the hue for all LEDs. This wraps around at maximum hue (not written to EEPROM)                                                                       |
182 |`rgblight_decrease_hue()`                   |Decrease the hue for all LEDs. This wraps around at minimum hue                                                                                               |
183 |`rgblight_decrease_hue_noeeprom()`          |Decrease the hue for all LEDs. This wraps around at minimum hue (not written to EEPROM)                                                                       |
184 |`rgblight_increase_sat()`                   |Increase the saturation for all LEDs. This wraps around at maximum saturation                                                                                 |
185 |`rgblight_increase_sat_noeeprom()`          |Increase the saturation for all LEDs. This wraps around at maximum saturation (not written to EEPROM)                                                         |
186 |`rgblight_decrease_sat()`                   |Decrease the saturation for all LEDs. This wraps around at minimum saturation                                                                                 |
187 |`rgblight_decrease_sat_noeeprom()`          |Decrease the saturation for all LEDs. This wraps around at minimum saturation (not written to EEPROM)                                                         |
188 |`rgblight_increase_val()`                   |Increase the value for all LEDs. This wraps around at maximum value                                                                                           |
189 |`rgblight_increase_val_noeeprom()`          |Increase the value for all LEDs. This wraps around at maximum value (not written to EEPROM)                                                                   |
190 |`rgblight_decrease_val()`                   |Decrease the value for all LEDs. This wraps around at minimum value                                                                                           |
191 |`rgblight_decrease_val_noeeprom()`          |Decrease the value for all LEDs. This wraps around at minimum value (not written to EEPROM)                                                                   |
192 |`rgblight_set_clipping_range(pos, num)`     |Set clipping Range                                                                                                                                            |
193
194 Additionally, [`rgblight_list.h`](https://github.com/qmk/qmk_firmware/blob/master/quantum/rgblight_list.h) defines several predefined shortcuts for various colors. Feel free to add to this list!
195
196 ## Changing the order of the LEDs
197
198 If you want to make the logical order of LEDs different from the electrical connection order, you can do this by defining the `RGBLIGHT_LED_MAP` macro in your `config.h`.
199
200 Normally, the contents of the LED buffer are output to the LEDs in the same order.
201 <img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/2170248/55743718-01866c80-5a6e-11e9-8134-25419928327a.JPG" alt="simple dicrect" width="50%"/>
202
203 By defining `RGBLIGHT_LED_MAP` as in the example below, you can specify the LED with addressing in reverse order of the electrical connection order.
204
205 ```c
206 // config.h
207
208 #define RGBLED_NUM 4
209 #define RGBLIGHT_LED_MAP { 3, 2, 1, 0 }
210
211 ```
212 <img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/2170248/55743725-08ad7a80-5a6e-11e9-83ed-126a2b0209fc.JPG" alt="simple mapped" width="50%"/>
213
214 For keyboards that use the RGB LEDs as a backlight for each key, you can also define it as in the example below.
215
216 ```c
217 // config.h
218
219 #define RGBLED_NUM 30
220
221 /* RGB LED Conversion macro from physical array to electric array */
222 #define LED_LAYOUT( \
223     L00, L01, L02, L03, L04, L05,  \
224     L10, L11, L12, L13, L14, L15,  \
225     L20, L21, L22, L23, L24, L25,  \
226     L30, L31, L32, L33, L34, L35,  \
227     L40, L41, L42, L43, L44, L45 ) \
228   { \
229     L05, L04, L03, L02, L01, L00,   \
230     L10, L11, L12, L13, L14, L15,   \
231     L25, L24, L23, L22, L21, L20,   \
232     L30, L31, L32, L33, L34, L35,   \
233     L46, L45, L44, L43, L42, L41    \
234   }
235
236 /* RGB LED logical order map */
237 /* Top->Bottom, Right->Left */
238 #define RGBLIGHT_LED_MAP LED_LAYOUT( \
239   25, 20, 15, 10,  5,  0,       \
240   26, 21, 16, 11,  6,  1,       \
241   27, 22, 17, 12,  7,  2,       \
242   28, 23, 18, 13,  8,  3,       \
243   29, 24, 19, 14,  9,  4 )
244
245 ```
246 ## Clipping Range
247
248 Using the `rgblight_set_clipping_range()` function, you can prepare more buffers than the actual number of LEDs, and output some of the buffers to the LEDs. This is useful if you want the split keyboard to treat left and right LEDs as logically contiguous.
249
250 You can set the Clipping Range by executing the following code.
251
252 ```c
253 // some soruce
254   rgblight_set_clipping_range(3, 4);
255 ```
256 <img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/2170248/55743785-2bd82a00-5a6e-11e9-9d4b-1b4ffaf4932b.JPG" alt="clip direct" width="70%"/>
257
258 In addition to setting the Clipping Range, you can use `RGBLIGHT_LED_MAP` together.
259
260 ```c
261 // config.h
262 #define RGBLED_NUM 8
263 #define RGBLIGHT_LED_MAP { 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 }
264
265 // some soruce
266   rgblight_set_clipping_range(3, 4);
267 ```
268 <img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/2170248/55743747-119e4c00-5a6e-11e9-91e5-013203ffae8a.JPG" alt="clip mapped" width="70%"/>
269
270 If your keyboard lacks onboard underglow LEDs, you may often be able to solder on an RGB LED strip yourself. You will need to find an unused pin to wire to the data pin of your LED strip. Some keyboards may break out unused pins from the MCU to make soldering easier. The other two pins, VCC and GND, must also be connected to the appropriate power pins.