version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details.
@end ignore
-@c \version "2.11.38"
+@c \version "2.12.0"
@node Editorial annotations
@section Editorial annotations
@lilypondfile[quote]{editorial-headword.ly}
-This section discusses the various ways to change the appearance of
+This section discusses the various ways to change the appearance of
notes and add analysis or educational emphasis.
@menu
-* Inside the staff::
-* Outside the staff::
+* Inside the staff::
+* Outside the staff::
@end menu
@node Inside the staff
@subsection Inside the staff
-This section discusses how to add emphasis to elements that are
+This section discusses how to add emphasis to elements that are
inside the staff.
@menu
-* Selecting notation font size::
-* Fingering instructions::
-* Hidden notes::
-* Coloring objects::
-* Parentheses::
-* Stems::
+* Selecting notation font size::
+* Fingering instructions::
+* Hidden notes::
+* Coloring objects::
+* Parentheses::
+* Stems::
@end menu
@node Selecting notation font size
@unnumberedsubsubsec Selecting notation font size
+@cindex font size (notation) scaling
@cindex font size (notation)
@cindex selecting font size (notation)
+@cindex notation font size
+@cindex note heads
+
+@funindex fontSize
+@funindex font-size
+@funindex magstep
+@funindex \huge
+@funindex \large
+@funindex \normalsize
+@funindex \small
+@funindex \tiny
+@funindex \teeny
+@funindex huge
+@funindex large
+@funindex normalsize
+@funindex small
+@funindex tiny
+@funindex teeny
The font size of notation elements may be altered. It does not
change the size of variable symbols, such as beams or slurs.
@warning{For font sizes of text, see
-@ref{Common markup commands}.}
+@ref{Selecting font and font size}.}
-@lilypond[quote,fragment,relative=2,verbatim,ragged-right]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
\huge
c4.-> d8---3
\large
c4.-> d8---3
@end lilypond
-@cindex font size (notation) scaling
-
Internally, this sets the @code{fontSize} property. This in turn
causes the @code{font-size} property to be set in all layout
objects. The value of @code{font-size} is a number indicating the
factor. The @code{font-size} property can also be set directly,
so that only certain layout objects are affected.
-@lilypond[quote,fragment,relative=2,verbatim,ragged-right]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
\set fontSize = #3
c4.-> d8---3
\override NoteHead #'font-size = #-4
@cindex standard font size (notation)
@cindex font size (notation), standard
+@funindex font-interface
+@funindex font-size
+
Font size changes are achieved by scaling the design size that is
closest to the desired size. The standard font size (for
@w{@code{font-size = #0}}) depends on the standard staff height.
that use fonts. These are the ones supporting the
@code{font-interface} layout interface.
-@predefined
-@funindex \teeny
+@predefined
@code{\teeny},
-@funindex \tiny
@code{\tiny},
-@funindex \small
@code{\small},
-@funindex \normalsize
@code{\normalsize},
-@funindex \large
@code{\large},
-@funindex \huge
@code{\huge}.
+@endpredefined
-@seealso
+@seealso
Snippets:
@rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
Internals Reference:
-@rinternals{fontSize},
-@rinternals{font-size},
@rinternals{font-interface}.
@cindex fingering
@cindex finger change
+@funindex \finger
+@funindex finger
+
Fingering instructions can be entered using
@var{note}-@var{digit}:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
c4-1 d-2 f-4 e-3
@end lilypond
-Markup texts may be used for finger changes.
+Markup texts may be used for finger changes.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
c4-1 d-2 f-4 c^\markup { \finger "2 - 3" }
@end lilypond
@cindex thumb-script
+@funindex \thumb
+@funindex thumb
+
A thumb-script can be added (e.g., in cello music) to indicate
-that a note should be played with the thumb.
+that a note should be played with the thumb.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
<a_\thumb a'-3>2 <b_\thumb b'-3>
@end lilypond
@cindex fingering chords
+@cindex fingering instructions for chords
@cindex chords, fingering
Fingerings for chords can also be added to individual notes of the
chord by adding them after the pitches.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
<c-1 e-2 g-3 b-5>2 <d-1 f-2 a-3 c-5>
@end lilypond
Fingering instructions may be manually placed above or below the
-staff, see @ref{Controlling direction and placement}.
+staff, see @ref{Direction and placement}.
@snippets
@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings.ly}
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff.ly}
-@seealso
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings.ly}
+
+@seealso
Notation Reference:
-@ref{Controlling direction and placement}
+@ref{Direction and placement}
Snippets:
@rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
@cindex hidden notes
@cindex invisible notes
@cindex transparent notes
+@cindex notes, hidden
+@cindex notes, invisible
+@cindex notes, transparent
+
@funindex \hideNotes
+@funindex hideNotes
@funindex \unHideNotes
+@funindex unHideNotes
Hidden (or invisible or transparent) notes can be useful in
preparing theory or composition exercises.
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,relative=2,fragment]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
c4 d
\hideNotes
e4 f
\unHideNotes
g a
-\hideNotes
+\hideNotes
b
\unHideNotes
c
Notation objects which are attached to invisible notes are still
visible.
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,relative=2,fragment]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
c4( d)
\hideNotes
e4(\p f)--
@predefined
+@code{\hideNotes},
+@code{\unHideNotes}.
+@endpredefined
-@funindex \hideNotes
-@funindex \unHideNotes
-@code{\hideNotes}, @code{\unHideNotes}
@seealso
-
Snippets:
@rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
@unnumberedsubsubsec Coloring objects
@cindex colored objects
+@cindex objects, colored
@cindex colors
@cindex coloring objects
@cindex colored notes
@cindex coloring notes
@cindex notes, colored
+@cindex x11 color
+@cindex x11-color
+@cindex with-color
+
+@funindex color
+@funindex \with-color
+@funindex with-color
+@funindex x11-color
Individual objects may be assigned colors. Valid color names
are listed in the @ref{List of colors}.
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,fragment,relative=2]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
\override NoteHead #'color = #red
c4 c
\override NoteHead #'color = #(x11-color 'LimeGreen)
e
@end lilypond
-@cindex x11-color
The full range of colors defined for X11 can be accessed by using
the Scheme function @code{x11-color}. The function takes one
possible to access X11 colors by the multi-word form of its name.
If @code{x11-color} cannot make sense of the parameter then the
-color returned defaults to black.
+color returned defaults to black.
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,fragment,relative=2]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'color = #(x11-color 'SlateBlue2)
\set Staff.instrumentName = \markup {
\with-color #(x11-color 'navy) "Clarinet"
b2 cis
@end lilypond
+@cindex rgb-color
+@cindex color, rgb
+@cindex rgb color
+
+@funindex rgb-color
+
Exact RGB colors can be specified using the Scheme function
@code{rgb-color}.
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,fragment,relative=2]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'color = #(x11-color 'SlateBlue2)
\set Staff.instrumentName = \markup {
\with-color #(x11-color 'navy) "Clarinet"
}
-
+
\override Stem #'color = #(rgb-color 0 0 0)
gis8 a
\override Stem #'color = #(rgb-color 1 1 1)
gis8 a
-\override Stem #'color = #(rgb-color 0 0 0.5)
+\override Stem #'color = #(rgb-color 0 0 0.5)
gis4 a
@end lilypond
-@seealso
+@seealso
Notation Reference:
-@ref{List of colors}, @ref{Objects connected to
-the input}.
+@ref{List of colors}, @ref{The
+tweak command}.
Snippets:
@rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
+
+@cindex x11 color
+@cindex colored notes in chords
+@cindex notes, colored in chords
+@cindex color in chords
+
+@funindex x11-color
+
@knownissues
An X11 color is not necessarily exactly the same shade as a
-similarly named normal color.
+similarly named normal color.
Not all X11 colors are distinguishable in a web browser, i.e.,
a web browser might not display a difference between @code{'LimeGreen}
Notes in a chord cannot be colored with @code{\override}; use
-@code{\tweak} instead, see @ref{Objects connected to the input}.
+@code{\tweak} instead, see @ref{The tweak command}.
@node Parentheses
@cindex notes, parenthesized
@cindex parentheses
+@funindex \parenthesize
+@funindex parenthesize
+
Objects may be parenthesized by prefixing @code{\parenthesize} to
the music event. When prefixed to a chord, it parenthesizes every
note. Individual notes inside a chord may also be parenthesized.
-@lilypond[quote,relative=2,fragment,verbatim,ragged-right]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
c2 \parenthesize d
c2 \parenthesize <c e g>
c2 <c \parenthesize e g>
@end lilypond
-Non-note objects may be parenthesized as well.
+Non-note objects may be parenthesized as well. For articulations,
+a hyphen is needed before the @code{\parenthesize} command.
-@lilypond[quote,relative=2,fragment,verbatim,ragged-right]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
c2-\parenthesize -. d
c2 \parenthesize r
@end lilypond
-@seealso
+@seealso
Snippets:
@rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
@rinternals{ParenthesesItem},
@rinternals{parentheses-interface}.
+
@knownissues
Parenthesizing a chord prints parentheses around each individual
@unnumberedsubsubsec Stems
@cindex stem
+@cindex stem, invisible
+@cindex invisible stem
+
+@funindex \stemUp
+@funindex stemUp
+@funindex \stemDown
+@funindex stemDown
+@funindex \stemNeutral
+@funindex stemNeutral
+@cindex stem, direction
+@cindex stem, up
+@cindex stem, down
+@cindex stem, neutral
Whenever a note is found, a @code{Stem} object is created
automatically. For whole notes and rests, they are also created but
made invisible.
-@predefined
+Stems may be manually placed to point up or down; see
+@ref{Direction and placement}.
-@funindex \stemUp
+
+@predefined
@code{\stemUp},
-@funindex \stemDown
@code{\stemDown},
-@funindex \stemNeutral
@code{\stemNeutral}.
+@endpredefined
@snippets
-@cindex stem, direction
-@cindex stem, up
-@cindex stem, down
-@cindex stem, neutral
-
@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{default-direction-of-stems-on-the-center-line-of-the-staff.ly}
+
@seealso
Notation Reference:
-@ref{Controlling direction and placement}.
+@ref{Direction and placement}.
Snippets:
@rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
@node Outside the staff
@subsection Outside the staff
-This section discusses how to add emphasis to elements in the staff
-from outside of the staff.
+This section discusses how to add emphasis to elements in the staff
+from outside of the staff.
@menu
-* Balloon help::
-* Grid lines::
-* Analysis brackets::
+* Balloon help::
+* Grid lines::
+* Analysis brackets::
@end menu
@node Balloon help
@unnumberedsubsubsec Balloon help
+@cindex balloon
+@cindex notation, explaining
+@cindex balloon help
+@cindex help, balloon
+
+@funindex \balloonGrobText
+@funindex \balloonText
+@funindex Balloon_engraver
+@funindex balloonGrobText
+@funindex balloonText
+@funindex \balloonLengthOn
+@funindex balloonLengthOn
+@funindex \balloonLengthOff
+@funindex balloonLengthOff
+
Elements of notation can be marked and named with the help of a
square balloon. The primary purpose of this feature is to explain
notation.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment,ragged-right,relative=2]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
\new Voice \with { \consists "Balloon_engraver" }
{
\balloonGrobText #'Stem #'(3 . 4) \markup { "I'm a Stem" }
- a8
+ a8
\balloonGrobText #'Rest #'(-4 . -4) \markup { "I'm a rest" }
r
- <c, g'-\balloonText #'(-2 . -2) \markup { "I'm a note head" } c>2.
+ <c, g'-\balloonText #'(-2 . -2) \markup { "I'm a note head" } c>2.
}
@end lilypond
-@cindex balloon
-@cindex notation, explaining
There are two music functions, @code{balloonGrobText} and
@code{balloonText}; the former is used like
Balloon text normally influences note spacing, but this can be
altered:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment,ragged-right,relative=2]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
\new Voice \with { \consists "Balloon_engraver" }
{
\balloonLengthOff
\balloonGrobText #'Stem #'(3 . 4) \markup { "I'm a Stem" }
- a8
+ a8
\balloonGrobText #'Rest #'(-4 . -4) \markup { "I'm a rest" }
r
\balloonLengthOn
- <c, g'-\balloonText #'(-2 . -2) \markup { "I'm a note head" } c>2.
+ <c, g'-\balloonText #'(-2 . -2) \markup { "I'm a note head" } c>2.
}
@end lilypond
@predefined
+@code{\balloonLengthOn},
+@code{\balloonLengthOff}.
+@endpredefined
-@funindex balloonLengthOn
-@funindex balloonLengthOff
-@code{\balloonLengthOn}, @code{\balloonLengthOff}
@seealso
-
Snippets:
@rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
@node Grid lines
@unnumberedsubsubsec Grid lines
+@cindex grid lines
+@cindex lines, grid
+@cindex vertical lines between staves
+@cindex lines, vertical between staves
+
+@funindex Grid_point_engraver
+@funindex Grid_line_span_engraver
+@funindex gridInterval
+
Vertical lines can be drawn between staves synchronized with the
notes.
@code{gridInterval} must specify the duration between the grid
lines.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
\layout {
\context {
\Staff
- \consists "Grid_point_engraver"
+ \consists "Grid_point_engraver"
gridInterval = #(ly:make-moment 1 4)
}
\context {
@seealso
-
Snippets:
@rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
@unnumberedsubsubsec Analysis brackets
@cindex brackets
-@cindex phrasing brackets
+@cindex bracket, phrasing
+@cindex phrasing bracket
@cindex musicological analysis
+@cindex analysis, musicological
@cindex note grouping bracket
+@cindex horizontal bracket
+@cindex bracket, horizontal
+
+@funindex Horizontal_bracket_engraver
+@funindex \startGroup
+@funindex startGroup
+@funindex \stopGroup
+@funindex stopGroup
Brackets are used in musical analysis to indicate structure in musical
pieces. Simple horizontal brackets are supported.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
\layout {
\context {
\Voice
Analysis brackets may be nested.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right]
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
\layout {
\context {
\Voice
}
@end lilypond
-@seealso
+@seealso
Snippets:
@rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff