Import 1.0 supporting Firefox up to 14.*

[dactyl.git] / common / locale / en-US / developer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="dactyl://content/help.xsl"?>

<!DOCTYPE document SYSTEM "dactyl://content/dtd" [
    <!ENTITY tab "&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;">
]>

<document
    name="developer"
    title="&dactyl.appName; Developer information"
    xmlns="&xmlns.dactyl;"
    xmlns:html="&xmlns.html;">

<h1 tag="developer-information developer">Developer information</h1>
<toc start="2"/>

<h2 tag="writing-docs documentation">Writing documentation</h2>

<p>
    In order for any user-visible change to be accepted into the mainline, it
    must be accompanied by accurate documentation. The docs are written in an
    XML dialect similar to XHTML, with a few tags specific to our
    documentation. For example:
</p>

<xml-block><item>
    <tags>&lt;F1> :help :h help</tags>
    <spec>:h<oa>elp</oa> <oa>subject</oa></spec>
    <spec>&lt;F1></spec>
    <description>
        <p>
            Open the help page. The default page, as specified by <o>helpfile</o> is shown
            unless <oa>subject</oa> is specified. If you need help for a specific topic, try
            <ex>:help overview</ex>.
        </p>
    </description>
</item></xml-block>

<p>
    creates a new help section for the command <ex>:help</ex> and for
    the related key binding, <k name="F1"/>. It also creates help tags
    for the command, its shortcuts, the key binding, and the general
    topic, ‘help’. These tags enable linking to this section from
    other mentions of the topic and from the <ex>:help</ex> command.
</p>

<h3 tag="help-tags help-xml">Help tags</h3>

<p>
    The following is a list of the more common XML tags used in help pages,
    along with their highlight groups.
</p>

<dl>
    <dt>Layout</dt><dd/>
    <dt>p</dt>         <dd>A paragraph (HelpParagraph)</dd>
    <dt>h1</dt>        <dd>A first-level heading (HelpHead1)</dd>
    <dt>h2</dt>        <dd>A second-level heading (HelpHead2)</dd>
    <dt>h3</dt>        <dd>A third-level heading (HelpHead3)</dd>
    <dt>h4</dt>        <dd>A fourth-level heading (HelpHead4)</dd>
    <dt>code</dt>      <dd>A pre-formatted code block. (HelpCode)</dd>
    <dt>note</dt>      <dd><note>A note paragraph. (HelpNote)</note></dd>
    <dt>strut</dt>     <dd>A horizontal strut which prevents any previous floating elements from appearing below it.</dd>
    <dt>warning</dt>   <dd><warning>A warning paragraph. (HelpWarning)</warning></dd>
</dl>
<dl>
    <dt>Generic</dt><dd/>
    <dt>link</dt>         <dd>A generic link. (HelpLink)</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@topic</dt>  <dd>The topic of the link. Either a help topic or a fully-qualified URI.</dd>
    <dt>em</dt>           <dd><em>Emphasized</em> text. (HelpEm)</dd>
    <dt>str</dt>          <dd>A <str>string</str>, with its contents wrapped in quotes. (HelpString)</dd>
    <dt>logo</dt>         <dd>&dactyl.appName;'s logo. (Logo)</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
    <dt>Items</dt><dd/>
    <dt>item</dt>       <dd>A help entry (HelpItem)</dd>
    <dt>&tab;tags</dt>  <dd>See the 'Tagging' section (HelpTags)</dd>
    <dt>&tab;spec</dt>  <dd>The specification for this item, such as an example command line. (HelpSpec)</dd>
    <dt>&tab;strut</dt> <dd>A horizontal formatting strut which ensures that all previous &lt;tags> and &lt;spec> elements appear above the ones that follow.</dd>
    <dt>&tab;type</dt>  <dd>For options, the type of the option.
                            <em>number</em>, <em>boolean</em>, <em>string</em>, <em>stringlist</em>, or <em>charlist</em>.
                            (HelpType)
                        </dd>
    <dt>&tab;default</dt>     <dd>For options, the default value. (HelpDefault)</dd>
    <dt>&tab;description</dt> <dd>The description of this help item. (HelpDescription)</dd>
    <dt>&tab;&tab;@short</dt> <dd>Indicates that this is a short description which should appear between the specs and tags.</dd>
    <dt>a</dt>  <dd>Required <a>argument</a>. (HelpArg)</dd>
    <dt>oa</dt> <dd>Optional <oa>argument</oa>. (HelpOptionalArg)</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
    <dt>Tagging</dt><dd/>
    <dt>tags</dt>   <dd>Space-separated list of strings to tag. Displayed right-aligned, and used for cross-linking. (HelpTags)</dd>
    <dt>@tag</dt>   <dd>The tag attribute. Applied to any element, generates a &lt;tags> element for the given tags. (HelpTag)</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
    <dt>Linking</dt><dd/>
    <dt>o</dt>          <dd>Link to an option. (HelpOpt)</dd>
    <dt>ex</dt>         <dd>Link to an Ex command. (HelpEx)</dd>
    <dt>k</dt>          <dd>Link to a key. (HelpKey)</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@name</dt> <dd>The name attribute to &lt;k>. When provided, &lt;<a>value</a>> is prepended to
                            the element's contents, i.e., <em>&lt;k name="Tab"/></em> becomes <em><k name="Tab"/></em>.
                        </dd>
    <dt>&tab;@mode</dt> <dd>The mode attribute to &lt;k>. Some keys have different functions in different modes.
                            You can use this attribute to specify which of the modes (other than Normal) a key pertains to.
                            The &lt;<a>value</a>> is prepended to the element's contents, i.e., <em>&lt;k name="C-i" mode="I"/></em>
                            becomes <em><k name="C-i" mode="I"/></em>, and <em>&lt;k mode="t">i&lt;/k></em> becomes <em><k mode="t">i</k></em>.
                        </dd>
    <dt>t</dt>          <dd>Links to an arbitrary help topic. (HelpTopic)</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
    <dt>Plugins</dt><dd/>
    <dt>@lang</dt>             <dd>When applied to any element under
        &lt;plugin>, that element is only visible for a specific
        locale.</dd>
    <dt>plugin</dt>            <dd>The container tag used for describing a plugin.</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@name</dt>        <dd>The name of the plugin. Used as the plugin's help tag.</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@version</dt>     <dd>The plugin's version number.</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@href</dt>        <dd>The plugin's home page.</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@summary</dt>     <dd>A short description of the plugin, shown in its section head.</dd>

    <dt>info</dt>              <dd>An element with the same
        attributes as plugin, which may override the latter for
        specific locales</dd>

    <dt>project</dt>           <dd>The project for which this plugin was intended.</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@name</dt>        <dd>The name of the project (i.e., <str>&dactyl.appName;</str>)</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@min-version</dt>  <dd>The minimum version of the project for which this plugin is intended to work.</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@max-version</dt>  <dd>The maximum version of the project for which this plugin is intended to work.</dd>

    <dt>author</dt>            <dd>The plugin's author. May appear more than once.</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@href</dt>        <dd>The author's home page.</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@email</dt>       <dd>The author's email address.</dd>

    <dt>license</dt>           <dd>The plugin's license. May appear more than once.</dd>
    <dt>&tab;@href</dt>        <dd>The URI of a page which shows or explains the license.</dd>
</dl>

<h2 tag="generating-docs">Generating documentation</h2>

<p>
    You can also autogenerate most of the XML help after you have
    written a new command, mapping or option.
</p>

<example><ex>:echo dactyl.generateHelp(commands.get(<str>addons</str>), <![CDATA[<p>Extra text</p>]]>)</ex></example>

<h2 tag="writing-plugins">Writing plugins</h2>

<p>
    Writing &dactyl.appName; plugins is incredibly simple. Plugins are
    simply JavaScript files which run with full chrome privileges and
    have full access to the &dactyl.appName; and &dactyl.host; APIs.
    Each plugin has its own global object, which means that the
    variables and functions that you create won't pollute the global
    <em>window</em> or private <em>dactyl</em> namespaces. This means
    that there's no need to wrap your plugin in a closure, as is often
    the practice in JavaScript development. Furthermore, any plugin
    which is installed in your <o>runtimepath</o><em>/plugins</em>
    directory will find its context stored in
    <em>plugins.&lt;pluginName></em>, which is often invaluable during
    development and testing.
</p>

<p>
    Plugins are always initialized after the main window is loaded, so
    there is no need to write <str>load</str> event handlers. Beyond
    that, what you may do with your plugins is practically limitless.
    Plugins have full access to all of the chrome resources that
    ordinary &dactyl.host; does, along with the entire power of the
    &dactyl.appName; API. If you need a starting point, have a look at some
    <link topic="&dactyl.plugins;">existing plugins</link> or
    <link topic="http://addon.mozilla.org/">extensions</link>,
    especially the
    <link topic="&dactyl.code;source/browse/">&dactyl.appName;</link>
    source.
</p>

<h3 tag="plugin-documentation">Plugin documentation</h3>

<p>
    Plugins should provide inline documentation, which will appear on the
    <ex>:help <str delim="">plugins</str></ex> page. The markup for help entries is the same
    as the above, along with a few extra plugin-specific entries. Here is an
    example from the popular <em>flashblock</em> extension:
</p>

<xml-block><escape><hl key="HelpXMLString">use strict</hl>;
XML.ignoreWhitespace = <hl key="Boolean">false</hl>;
XML.prettyPrinting   = <hl key="Boolean">false</hl>;
<hl key="HelpXMLBase">var</hl> INFO = <!-- Cursed manual XML highlighting! -->
<hl key="HelpXMLTagStart">&lt;plugin
    <hl key="HelpXMLAttribute">name</hl><hl key="HelpXMLString">flashblock</hl>
    <hl key="HelpXMLAttribute">version</hl><hl key="HelpXMLString">1.0</hl>
    <hl key="HelpXMLAttribute">href</hl><hl key="HelpXMLString">http://5digits.org/pentadactyl/plugins#flashblock-plugin</hl>
    <hl key="HelpXMLAttribute">summary</hl><hl key="HelpXMLString">Flash Blocker</hl>
    <hl key="HelpXMLAttribute">xmlns</hl>{NS}></hl></escape>
    <author email="maglione.k@gmail.com">Kris Maglione</author>
    <license href="http://opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php">MIT</license>
    <project name="Pentadactyl" min-version="1.0"/>
    <p>
        This plugin provides the same features as the ever popular FlashBlock
        Firefox addon. Flash animations are substituted with place holders which
        play the original animation when clicked. Additionally, this plugin provides
        options to control which sites can play animations without restrictions, and
        triggers to toggle the playing of animation on the current page.
    </p>
    <item>
        <tags>'fb' 'flashblock'</tags>
        <spec>'flashblock' 'fb'</spec>
        <type>boolean</type>
        <default>true</default>
        <description>
            <p>
                Controls the blocking of flash animations. When true, place
                holders are substituted for flash animations on untrusted sites.
            </p>
        </description>
    </item>
    <escape><oa>...</oa>
<hl key="HelpXMLTagEnd">&lt;/plugin></hl></escape>;</xml-block>

<p>
    The inline XML is made possible by
    <link topic="https://developer.mozilla.org/en/E4X">E4X</link>.
    It is important that the documentation be assigned to the
    <em>INFO</em> variable, or &dactyl.appName; will not be able
    to find it. The XML property changes are not compulsory, but
    they do prevent certain formatting problems that may occur
    otherwise. Beginning your file with <str>use strict</str>, while
    not required, helps to prevent a lot of common errors.
</p>

<p>
    The documentation that you provide behaves exactly as other
    &dactyl.appName; documentation, which means that the tags you
    provide are available via <ex>:help</ex> with full tag
    completion and cross-referencing support. Although documentation
    is not required, we strongly recommend that all plugin authors
    provide at least basic documentation of the functionality of
    their plugins and of each of the options, commands, and
    especially mappings that they provide.
</p>

</document>

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