duration. For details of this and other settings which control
proportional notation, see @ref{Proportional notation}.
-@refcommands
+@predefined
Dots are normally moved up to avoid staff lines, except in
polyphonic situations. The following commands may be used to
@internalsref{DotColumn}.
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
@c Deliberately duplicated in Durations and Rests. -gp
There is no fundamental limit to rest durations (both in terms of
@cindex triplets
@funindex \times
-Tuplets are made out of a music expression by multiplying all
+Tuplets are made from a music expression by multiplying all the
durations with a fraction:
@example
The duration of @var{musicexpr} will be multiplied by the
fraction. The fraction's denominator will be printed over or
under the notes, optionally with a bracket. The most common
-tuplet is the triplet in which 3 notes have the length of 2, so
+tuplet is the triplet in which 3 notes have the duration of 2, so
the notes are 2/3 of their written length.
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
-g4 \times 2/3 {c4 c c} d4 d4
+a2 \times 2/3 {b4 b b}
+c4 c \times 2/3 {b4 a g}
+
@end lilypond
-Tuplets may be nested; for example,
+Tuplets may be nested:
-@lilypond[fragment,ragged-right,verbatim,relative=2]
-\times 2/3 {
- a4 a
- \times 3/5 { a a a a a }
-}
+@lilypond[quote,fragment,ragged-right,verbatim,relative=2]
+\autoBeamOff
+c4 \times 4/5 { f8 e f \times 2/3 {e[ f g] } } f4 |
@end lilypond
-@refcommands
+Modifying nested tuplets which begin at the same musical moment
+must be done with @code{\tweak}.
+@c TODO Add link to LM section which deals with this.
+
+@predefined
@funindex \tupletUp
@code{\tupletUp},
@code{\tupletNeutral}.
-@commonprop
+@snippets
@cindex tuplet formatting
@cindex triplet formatting
@funindex tupletNumberFormatFunction
@funindex tupletSpannerDuration
-@c Sent to Snippet 5 Feb 08
-The property @code{tupletSpannerDuration} specifies how long each
-bracket should last. With this, you can make lots of tuplets
-while typing @code{\times} only once, thus saving lots of typing.
-In the next example, there are two triplets shown, while
-@code{\times} was only used once.
-
-@lilypond[quote,fragment,relative=2,ragged-right,verbatim]
-\set tupletSpannerDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 4)
-\times 2/3 { c8 c c c c c }
-@end lilypond
+@lilypondfile [verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+{entering-several-tuplets-using-only-one--times-command.ly}
@noindent
For more information about @code{make-moment}, see
line break unless the @code{Forbid_line_break_engraver} is
removed from the @code{Voice context}.
+@c TODO Move to LM 4
+@ignore
@subheading Modifying nested tuplets
@cindex tuplets, nested
@funindex TupletBracket
If nested tuplets do not begin at the same moment their
-appearance may be modified in the usual way with
+appearance may be modified in the usual way with
@code{\override} commands:
@c NOTE Tuplet brackets collide if notes are high on staff
However, if the nested tuplets begin at the same musical moment,
@code{\override} commands cannot be applied to just one of them
--- they apply to both. So to change the appearance of nested
-tuplets beginning at the same musical moment individually, the
-@code{\tweak} function must be used (see @ref{Objects connected
+-- they apply to both. So to change the appearance of nested
+tuplets beginning at the same musical moment individually, the
+@code{\tweak} function must be used (see @ref{Objects connected
to the input}). The @code{\tweak} function is applied to the
following @code{\times} command as it appears in the input stream,
and so can distinguish between separate @code{\times} commands
even if their tuplets begin at the same musical moment.
-In this example, the @code{\tweak} command is used to specify
-fraction text for the outer @code{TupletNumber} and denominator
-text for the @code{TupletNumber} of the first of the three
+In this example, the @code{\tweak} command is used to specify
+fraction text for the outer @code{TupletNumber} and denominator
+text for the @code{TupletNumber} of the first of the three
inner tuplets.
@c NOTE Tuplet brackets collide if notes are high on staff
tuplet above the staff. The second @code{\tweak} positions the
@code{TupletBracket} of the first of the three inner tuplets below
the staff. Note that the @code{\tweak} command needs to be used
-only for events that begin at the same music moment: the outer
+only for events that begin at the same music moment: the outer
tuplet and the first of the three inner tuplets. To position the
@code{TupletBracket}s of the second and third of the inner tuplets
below the staff, we can use @code{\override} in the usual way.
\times 2/3 { c8[ c8 c8] }
}
@end lilypond
+@end ignore
+
+@c TODO - tidy up
+@c Sent to Valentin for LSR (general list of Rhythm snippets) 22 Feb
+@c Maybe try referencing with:
+@c For example of modifying bracket length see @lsr{..}
+@c Index entries could then be added above this.
+@c Delete ignore block when available in LSR
+@ignore
@subheading Modifying tuplet bracket length
@cindex tuplet bracket length
@funindex tupletFullLength
@funindex tupletFullLengthNote
-Tuplet brackets can be made to run to prefatory matter or the
+Tuplet brackets can be made to run to prefatory matter or the
next note.
Default tuplet brackets end at the right edge of the final note
of the tuplet; full-length tuplet brackets extend farther to the
right, either to cover all the non-rhythmic notation up to the
-following note, or to cover only the whitespace before the next
+following note, or to cover only the whitespace before the next
item of notation, be that a clef, time signature, key signature,
or another note. The example shows how to switch tuplets to
full length mode and how to modify what material they cover.
\time 4/4
\times 4/5 { c4 c1 }
\time 3/4
- c4
+ c4
}
@end lilypond
+@end ignore
-@subheading Compressing music
+@c Compressing music
@cindex compressing music
@funindex \compressMusic
@code{\compressMusic} works similarly to \times, but does not
create a tuplet bracket. One application is in polymetric
-notation, as shown in the following example. See
-@ref{Polymetric notation}.
+notation, see @ref{Polymetric notation}.
-@c not added yet. -gp
-@c @lilypondfile [ragged-right,line-width=16\cm,staffsize=14,quote]
-@c {printing-music-with-different-time-signatures.ly}
+@lilypondfile [verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+{printing-music-with-different-time-signatures.ly}
@seealso
-Music Glossary: @rglos{triplet}, @rglos{tuplet},
+Music Glossary: @rglos{triplet}, @rglos{tuplet},
@rglos{polymetric}.
Notation Reference: @ref{Time administration},
Snippets: @lsrdir{Rhythms,Rhythms}.
Internals Reference: @internalsref{TupletBracket},
-@internalsref{TupletNumber}, and @internalsref{TimeScaledMusic}.
+@internalsref{TupletNumber}, @internalsref{TimeScaledMusic}.
+@knownissues
+
+Lines may be broken within a tuplet with @code{\bar "" \break},
+but the tuplet bracket does not correctly carry over.
@node Scaling durations
@end lilypond
The duration of skip or spacing notes may also be modified by
-a multiplier. This is useful for skipping many measures, e.g.,
+a multiplier. This is useful for skipping many measures, e.g.,
@code{s1*23}.
@seealso
@funindex ~
A tie connects two adjacent note heads of the same pitch. The tie
-in effect extends the length of a note.
+in effect extends the length of a note.
@warning{Ties should not be confused with @emph{slurs}, which
indicate articulation, or @emph{phrasing slurs}, which indicate
@lilypond[fragment,quote,ragged-right,relative=2,verbatim]
\repeat volta 2 { c g <c e>2 ~ }
-\alternative {{ <c e>2. r4 } {<c e>2\repeatTie d4 c }}
+\alternative {{ <c e>2. r4 } {<c e>2\repeatTie d4 c }}
@end lilypond
@cindex laissez vibrer
<c f g>\laissezVibrer
@end lilypond
-The direction of a tie can be specified with @code{\tieUp} or
+The vertical placement of ties may be controlled; see
+@ref{Controlling direction and placement}.
+
+@quotation
+DELETE THIS ?
@code{\tieDown} (see example below). @code{\tieNeutral} reverts
to the default behaviour again.
@lilypond[relative=2,ragged-right,quote,verbatim,fragment]
c4_~ c c^~ c)
@end lilypond
+@end quotation
+@predefined
-@seealso
-
-Music Glossary: @rglos{tie},
-@c [TODO]add @rglos{laissez vibrer}. when there is a glossary entry.
-
-Snippets: @lsrdir{Rhythms,Rhythms}
-
-Internals Reference:
-@internalsref{LaissezVibrerTie}
-@internalsref{LaissezVibrerTieColumn}
-
-Example files:
-@c @lsr{connecting,laissez-vibrer-ties.ly}
+@funindex \tieUp
+@code{\tieUp},
+@funindex \tieDown
+@code{\tieDown},
+@funindex \tieNeutral
+@code{\tieNeutral},
+@funindex \tieDotted
+@code{\tieDotted},
+@funindex \tieDashed
+@code{\tieDashed},
+@funindex \tieSolid
+@code{\tieSolid}.
-@commonprop
+@snippets
Ties are sometimes used to write out arpeggios. In this case, two
tied notes need not be consecutive. This can be achieved by
@end lilypond
-@refcommands
+@seealso
-@funindex \tieUp
-@code{\tieUp},
-@funindex \tieDown
-@code{\tieDown},
-@funindex \tieNeutral
-@code{\tieNeutral},
-@funindex \tieDotted
-@code{\tieDotted},
-@funindex \tieDashed
-@code{\tieDashed},
-@funindex \tieSolid
-@code{\tieSolid}.
+Music Glossary: @rglos{tie},
+@c [TODO]add @rglos{laissez vibrer}. when there is a glossary entry.
+Snippets: @lsrdir{Rhythms,Rhythms}
+
+Internals Reference:
+@internalsref{LaissezVibrerTie}
+@internalsref{LaissezVibrerTieColumn}
+
+Example files:
+@c @lsr{connecting,laissez-vibrer-ties.ly}
-@seealso
Internals Reference: @internalsref{Tie}.
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
Switching staves when a tie is active will not produce a slanted
tie.
@subsection Writing rests
@menu
-* Rests::
-* Skips::
-* Full measure rests::
+* Rests::
+* Skips::
+* Full measure rests::
@end menu
@node Rests
Internals Reference: @internalsref{Rest}.
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
@c Deliberately duplicated in Durations and Rests. -gp
There is no fundamental limit to rest durations (both in terms of
specified texts.
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
If an attempt is made to use fingerings (e.g.,
@code{R1*10-4}) to put numbers over multi-measure rests, the
\time 2/4 c2 \time 3/4 c2.
@end lilypond
-@commonprop
+@snippets
The symbol that is printed can be customized with the @code{style}
property. Setting it to @code{#'()} uses fraction style for 4/4
Examples: @c @lsr{contemporary,compound-time-signature.ly}.
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
Automatic beaming does not use the measure grouping specified with
@code{set-time-signature}.
translated to mean @qq{there is a quarter note left in the bar.}
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
This command does not take into account grace notes at the start
of the music. When a piece starts with grace notes in the
d4 e d c
@end lilypond
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
LilyPond will only insert line breaks and page breaks at a
bar line. Unless the unmetered music ends before the end of the
@end lilypond
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
When using different time signatures in parallel, the spacing is
aligned vertically, but bar lines distort the regular spacing.
also remove @internalsref{Forbid_line_break_engraver}.
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
Not all durations (especially those containing tuplets) can be
represented exactly with normal notes and dots, but the engraver
@end lilypond
-@commonprop
+@snippets
Beaming patterns may be altered with the @code{beatGrouping} property,
Internals Reference: @internalsref{Beam}.
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
Automatically kneed cross-staff beams cannot be used together with
hidden staves. See @ref{Hiding staves}.
beaming should be switched off with @code{\autoBeamOff}.
-@refcommands
+@predefined
@funindex \autoBeamOff
@code{\autoBeamOff},
@code{\autoBeamOn}.
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
If a score ends while an automatic beam has not been ended and is
still accepting notes, this last beam will not be typeset at all.
@end lilypond
-@commonprop
+@snippets
@node Feathered beams
@subsubsection Feathered beams
The spacing in the printed output represents the
note durations only approximately, but the midi output is exact.
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
The @code{\featherDurations} command only works with very short
music snippets, and when numbers in the fraction are small.
@end lilypond
-@commonprop
+@snippets
@funindex whichBar
@funindex defaultBarType
@end lilypond
-@commonprop
+@snippets
@funindex barNumberVisibility
@cindex bar numbers, regular spacing
Internals Reference: @internalsref{BarNumber}.
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
Bar numbers may collide with the top of the
@internalsref{StaffGroup} bracket, if there is one. To solve
#"grace"}.
-@commonprop
+@snippets
Grace notes may be forced to use align with regular notes
in other staves by setting @code{strict-grace-spacing} to
Internals Reference: @internalsref{GraceMusic}.
-@refbugs
+@knownissues
A multi-note beamed @emph{acciaccatura} is printed without a slash,
and looks exactly the same as a multi-note beamed
@emph{appoggiatura}.
-@c TODO Add link to LSR snippet to add slash when available
+@c TODO Add link to LSR snippet to add slash when available
Grace note synchronization can also lead to surprises. Staff
notation, such as key signatures, bar lines, etc., are also
+
+
+
+
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