@funindex .
-To obtain dotted note lengths, simply add a dot (@samp{.}) to the
+To obtain dotted note lengths, simply add a dot (@code{.}) to the
number. Double-dotted notes are produced in a similar way.
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
@seealso
-For ways of specifying durations for the syllables of lyrics
-and ways of aligning lyrics to notes see @ref{Vocal music}.
+Notation Reference:
+@itemize
+@item
+For ways of specifying durations for the syllables of lyrics and
+ways of aligning lyrics to notes see @ref{Vocal music}.
+@item
For a description of how to enter rests see @ref{Writing rests}.
-A note with the duration of a quadruple breve may be
-entered with \maxima, but this is supported only within
-ancient music notation; see @ref{Ancient notation}.
+@item
+A note with the duration of a quadruple breve may be entered with
+@code{\maxima}, but this is supported only within ancient music
+notation; see @ref{Ancient notation}.
+@item
Optionally, notes can be spaced proportionately to their duration.
-For details of this and other settings which control
-proportional notation see @ref{Proportional notation}.
+For details of this and other settings which control proportional
+notation see @ref{Proportional notation}.
+
+@end itemize
Snippets: @lsrdir{rhythms}
-Internals Reference: @internalsref{Dots}, and
+Internals Reference: @internalsref{Dots},
@internalsref{DotColumn}.
@lilypond[ragged-right,verbatim,quote]
\new RhythmicStaff {
\set tupletFullLength = ##t
- \time 4/4
- \times 4/5 {
- c4 c1
- }
\set tupletFullLengthNote = ##t
\time 2/4
- \times 2/3 {
- c4 c c
- }
+ \times 2/3 { c4 c c }
+ \set tupletFullLengthNote = ##f
+ \time 4/4
+ \times 4/5 { c4 c1 }
\time 3/4
c4
}
-In this manual: @ref{Automatic note splitting}.
+Notation Reference: @ref{Automatic note splitting}.
Snippets: @lsrdir{rhythms}
@code{\emptyText}), since this will cause the measure to expand to
accommodate the length of the text:
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,fragment]
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,fragment,relative=2]
\set Score.skipBars = ##t
\fatText
s1*0^\markup {[MAJOR GENERAL]}
s1*0^\markup {[MABEL] }
s1*0_\markup {\italic {Cue: ... it is yours}}
R1*30
-s1^\markup {CHORUS} % Chorus notes would go here
-c1
+c4^\markup {CHORUS} d f c
@end lilypond
* Unmetered music::
* Polymetric notation::
* Automatic note splitting::
-* Setting automatic beam behavior::
@end menu
@node Time signature
Snippets: @lsrdir{rhythms}
-Internals Reference: @internalsref{Completion_heads_engraver}.
+Internals Reference: @internalsref{Completion_heads_engraver},
+@internalsref{Forbid_line_break_engraver}.
+
+
+
+
+
+@node Beams
+@subsection Beams
+
+@menu
+* Automatic beams::
+* Setting automatic beam behavior::
+* Manual beams::
+@end menu
+
+@node Automatic beams
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Automatic beams
+
+By default beams are inserted automatically:
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
+\time 2/4 c8 c c c
+\time 6/8 c c c c8. c16 c8
+@end lilypond
+
+If these automatic decisions are not satisfactory, beaming can be
+entered explicitly; see @ref{Manual beams}. It is also possible
+to define beaming patterns that differ from the defaults; see
+@ref{Setting automatic beam behavior}. The default beaming rules
+are defined in @file{scm/@/auto@/-beam@/.scm}.
+
+@cindex autoBeamOn
+@cindex autoBeamOff
+
+@noindent
+Automatic beaming may be turned off and on with
+@code{\autoBeamOff} and @code{\autoBeamOn} commands:
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=1,verbatim]
+c4 c8 c8. c16 c8. c16 c8
+\autoBeamOff
+c4 c8 c8. c16 c8.
+\autoBeamOn
+c16 c8
+@end lilypond
+
+
+@commonprop
+
+Beaming patterns may be altered with the @code{beatGrouping} property,
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2,fragment,ragged-right]
+\time 5/16
+\set beatGrouping = #'(2 3)
+c8[^"(2+3)" c16 c8]
+\set beatGrouping = #'(3 2)
+c8[^"(3+2)" c16 c8]
+@end lilypond
+
+The property @code{subdivideBeams} can be set in order to
+subdivide all 16th or shorter beams. When set, multiple beams
+will be sub-divided at beat positions, defined by the current
+value of @code{beatLength} (defaults to a quarter note), by
+drawing only one beam over the beat.
+
+@lilypond[fragment,ragged-right,quote,relative=2,verbatim]
+c32[ c c c c c c c]
+\set subdivideBeams = ##t
+c32[ c c c c c c c]
+\set Score.beatLength = #(ly:make-moment 1 8)
+c32[ c c c c c c c]
+\set Score.beatLength = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
+c32[ c c c c c c c]
+@end lilypond
+@funindex subdivideBeams
+
+@noindent
+For more information about @code{make-moment}, see
+@ref{Time administration}.
+
+@funindex breakable
+
+Line breaks are normally forbidden when beams cross bar lines.
+This behavior can be changed by setting the @code{breakable}
+property: @code{\override Beam #'breakable = ##t}.
+
+@lilypond[ragged-right,relative=2,fragment,verbatim,quote]
+\override Beam #'breakable = ##t
+c8 \repeat unfold 15 {c[ c] } c
+@end lilypond
+
+@cindex beams and line breaks
+@cindex beams, kneed
+@cindex kneed beams
+@cindex auto-knee-gap
+
+Kneed beams are inserted automatically when a large gap is
+detected between the note heads. This behavior can be tuned
+through the @code{auto-knee-gap} property. A kneed beam is
+drawn if the gap is larger than the value of
+@code{auto-knee-gap} plus the width of the beam object (which
+depends on the duration of the notes and the slope of the beam).
+By default @code{auto-knee-gap} is set to 5.5 staff spaces.
+
+@lilypond[fragment,ragged-right,quote,verbatim]
+f8 f''8 f8 f''8
+\override Beam #'auto-knee-gap = #6
+f8 f''8 f8 f''8
+@end lilypond
+
+
+@seealso
+
+Snippets: @lsrdir{rhythms}
+
+Internals Reference: @internalsref{Beam}.
+
+
+@refbugs
+
+Automatically kneed cross-staff beams cannot be used together with
+hidden staves. See @ref{Hiding staves}.
+
+Beams can collide with noteheads and accidentals in other voices
@node Setting automatic beam behavior
@funindex \autoBeamOn
@code{\autoBeamOn}.
-@commonprop
-
-Beaming patterns may be altered with the @code{beatGrouping} property,
-
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2,fragment,ragged-right]
-\time 5/16
-\set beatGrouping = #'(2 3)
-c8[^"(2+3)" c16 c8]
-\set beatGrouping = #'(3 2)
-c8[^"(3+2)" c16 c8]
-@end lilypond
-
@refbugs
If a score ends while an automatic beam has not been ended and is
-still accepting notes, this last beam will not be typeset at all. The
-same holds polyphonic voices, entered with @code{<< @dots{} \\ @dots{}
->>}. If a polyphonic voice ends while an automatic beam is still
-accepting notes, it is not typeset.
+still accepting notes, this last beam will not be typeset at all.
+The same holds for polyphonic voices, entered with @code{<<
+@dots{} \\ @dots{} >>}. If a polyphonic voice ends while an
+automatic beam is still accepting notes, it is not typeset.
@seealso
Snippets: @lsrdir{rhythms}
+@node Manual beams
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Manual beams
+@cindex beams, manual
-@node Beams
-@subsection Beams
-
-@menu
-* Automatic beams::
-* Manual beams::
-@end menu
-
-@node Automatic beams
-@unnumberedsubsubsec Automatic beams
-
-By default beams are inserted automatically
-
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
-\time 2/4 c8 c c c
-\time 6/8 c c c c8. c16 c8
-@end lilypond
-
-When these automatic decisions are not good enough, beaming
-can be entered explicitly. It is also possible to define beaming
-patterns that differ from the defaults. See @ref{Manual beams}
-and @ref{Setting automatic beam behavior}.
-
-@cindex autoBeamOn
-@cindex autoBeamOff
-
-@noindent
-Automatic beaming may be turned off and on with
-@code{\autoBeamOff} and @code{\autoBeamOn} commands:
-
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=1,verbatim]
-c4 c8 c8. c16 c8. c16 c8
-\autoBeamOff
-c4 c8 c8. c16 c8.
-\autoBeamOn
-c16 c8
-@end lilypond
-
-
-@commonprop
-
-@funindex stemLeftBeamCount
-@funindex stemRightBeamCount
-
-LilyPond can automatically determine beaming patterns within a
-beam, but this automatic behavior can sometimes produce odd
-results; therefore the @code{stemLeftBeamCount} and
-@code{stemRightBeamCount} properties can be used to override the
-defaults. If either property is set, its value will be used only
-once, and then it is erased.
+In some cases it may be necessary to override the automatic
+beaming algorithm. For example, the autobeamer will not put beams
+over rests or bar lines, and in choral scores the beaming is
+often set to follow the meter of the lyrics rather than the
+notes. Such beams can be specified manually by
+marking the begin and end point with @code{[} and @code{]}
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=1,verbatim]
{
- f8[ r16
- f g a]
- f8[ r16
- \set stemLeftBeamCount = #1
- f g a]
+ r4 r8[ g' a r8] r8 g[ | a] r8
}
@end lilypond
-The property @code{subdivideBeams} can be set in order to
-subdivide all 16th or shorter beams.
-When set, multiple beams will be sub-divided at beat
-positions, defined by the current value of @code{beatLength},
-by drawing only one beam over the beat.
-
-@lilypond[fragment,ragged-right,quote,relative=2,verbatim]
-c16[ c c c c c c c]
-\set subdivideBeams = ##t
-c16[ c c c c c c c]
-\set Score.beatLength = #(ly:make-moment 1 8)
-c16[ c c c c c c c]
-@end lilypond
-@funindex subdivideBeams
-
-@noindent
-For more information about @code{make-moment}, see
-@ref{Time administration}.
-
-@c TODO Consider whether the section Setting automatic
-@c beam behavior should all be moved here. For now
-@c here's a link to it.
-
-For details about modifying the automatic beam behaviour
-see @ref{Setting automatic beam behavior}
-
-@funindex breakable
-
-Line breaks are normally forbidden when beams cross barlines.
-This behavior can be changed by setting the @code{breakable}
-property: @code{\override Beam #'breakable = ##t}.
-
-@cindex beams and line breaks
-@cindex beams, kneed
-@cindex kneed beams
-@cindex auto-knee-gap
-
-Kneed beams are inserted automatically when a large gap is
-detected between the note heads. This behavior can be tuned
-through the @code{auto-knee-gap} property. A kneed beam is
-drawn if the gap is larger than the value of
-@code{auto-knee-gap} plus the width of the beam object (which
-depends on the duration of the notes and the slope of the beam).
-By default @code{auto-knee-gap} is set to 5.5 staff spaces.
-
-@lilypond[fragment,ragged-right,quote,verbatim]
-f8 f''8 f8 f''8
-\override Beam #'auto-knee-gap = #6
-f8 f''8 f8 f''8
-@end lilypond
-
-
-@seealso
-
-Snippets: @lsrdir{rhythms}
-
-Internals Reference: @internalsref{Beam}.
-
-
-@refbugs
-
-Automatically kneed cross-staff beams cannot be used together with
-hidden staves. See @ref{Hiding staves}.
-
-Beams can collide with noteheads and accidentals in other voices
-
-@node Manual beams
-@unnumberedsubsubsec Manual beams
-
-@cindex beams, manual
Individual notes may be marked with @code{\noBeam} to prevent them
from being beamed:
The spacing in the printed output represents the
note durations only approximately, but the midi output is exact.
-
-@commonprop
-
-Line breaking is prevented by beams which straddle barlines. The
-@samp{breakable} property of @code{Beam} allows this behaviour
-to be overridden:
-
-@lilypond[ragged-right,relative=2,fragment,verbatim,quote]
-\override Beam #'breakable = ##t
-c8 \repeat unfold 15 {c[ c] } c
-@end lilypond
-
-
@refbugs
The @code{\featherDurations} command only works with very short
@unnumberedsubsubsec Bar lines
@cindex Bar lines
-@cindex Barlines
@funindex \bar
@cindex measure lines
@cindex repeat bars
@seealso
-In this manual: @ref{Repeats}, @ref{System start delimiters}.
+Notation Reference: @ref{Repeats}, @ref{System start delimiters}.
Snippets: @lsrdir{rhythms}
@funindex |
Bar checks help detect errors in the entered durations.
-A bar check may be entered using the bar symbol, @samp{|},
+A bar check may be entered using the bar symbol, @code{|},
at any place where a bar line is expected to fall.
If bar check lines are encountered at other places,
a list of warnings is printed in the log file,
@funindex pipeSymbol
It is also possible to redefine the action taken when a bar check
-or pipe symbol, @samp{|}, is encountered in the input, so that
+or pipe symbol, @code{|}, is encountered in the input, so that
it does something other than a bar check. This is done by
assigning a music expression to @code{pipeSymbol}.
-In the following example @samp{|} is set to insert a double bar
+In the following example @code{|} is set to insert a double bar
line wherever it appears in the input, rather than checking
for end of bar.
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff