* Tablatures::
* Chord names::
* Orchestral music::
+* Formatting cue notes::
* Ancient notation::
* Contemporary notation::
-* Special notation::
+* Educational use::
* Sound::
@end menu
@cindex pitches
@cindex entering notes
-The most common syntax for pitch entry is used in @code{\chords} and
-@code{\notes} mode. In these modes, pitches may be designated by
+The most common syntax for pitch entry is used in standard notes and
+@code{\chords} mode. In these modes, pitches may be designated by
names. The notes are specified by the letters @code{a} through
@code{g}, while the octave is formed with notes ranging from @code{c}
to @code{b}. The pitch @code{c} is an octave below middle C and the
@cindex quarter tones
@cindex semi-flats, semi-sharps
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=3]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,verbatim,relative=3]
ceses4
ceseh
ces
@code{>}. A chord may be followed by a duration, and a set of
articulations, just like simple notes.
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1]
<c e g>4 <c>8 <>8
@end lilypond
Rests are entered like notes, with the note name @code{r}
-@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,raggedright,verbatim]
r1 r2 r4 r8
@end lilypond
formatting in polyphonic music easier. Rest collision testing will
leave these rests alone
-@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
+@cindex @code{\rest}
+
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,raggedright,verbatim]
a'4\rest d'4\rest
@end lilypond
An invisible rest (also called a `skip') can be entered like a note
with note name `@code{s}' or with @code{\skip @var{duration}}
-@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,raggedright,verbatim]
a2 s4 a4 \skip 1 a4
@end lilypond
other situations, you should use the @code{\skip} command
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
-\score {
\new Staff <<
{ \time 4/8 \skip 2 \time 4/4 }
- \notes\relative c'' { a2 a1 }
+ \relative c'' { a2 a1 }
>>
-}
@end lilypond
The skip command is merely an empty musical placeholder. It does not
commands. For example, the following results in an empty staff.
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
-\score { \notes { s4 } }
+ { s4 }
@end lilypond
The same fragment using @code{\skip} results in an empty page.
@cindex duration
+@cindex @code{\longa}
+@cindex @code{\breve}
+@cindex @code{\maxima}
In Note, Chord, and Lyrics mode, durations are designated by numbers
@lilypond[quote]
\score {
- \notes \relative c'' {
+ \relative c'' {
a\breve*1/2 \autoBeamOff
a1 a2 a4 a8 a16 a32 a64 a64
r\longa*1/4 r\breve *1/2
\paper {
raggedright = ##t
\context {
- \StaffContext
+ \Staff
\remove "Clef_engraver"
\override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
\override TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
@seealso
+User manual: @ref{Changing context properties on the fly} for the
+@code{\set} command.
+
+
Program reference: @internalsref{TupletBracket}, and @internalsref{TimeScaledMusic}.
Examples: @inputfileref{input/regression,tuplet-nest.ly}.
<c, e' g>
}
@end lilypond
-@cindex @code{\notes}
-The pitch after the @code{\relative} contains a note name. To parse
-the note name as a pitch, it must surrounded by @code{\notes}
+The pitch after the @code{\relative} contains a note name.
+
The relative conversion will not affect @code{\transpose},
@code{\chords} or @code{\relative} sections in its argument. If you
-There is also a syntax that is separate from the notes.
+There is also a syntax that is separate from the notes. The syntax
+
@example
\octave @var{pitch}
@end example
-This checks that @var{pitch} (without octave) yields @var{pitch} (with
-octave) in \relative mode. If not, a warning is printed, and the
+This checks that @var{pitch} (without quotes) yields @var{pitch} (with
+quotes) in \relative mode. If not, a warning is printed, and the
octave is corrected, for example, the first check is passed
successfully. The second check fails with an error message. The
octave is adjusted so the following notes are in the correct octave
@end example
-@cindex skipTypesetting
+@cindex @code{skipTypesetting}
Failed bar checks are caused by entering incorrect
durations. Incorrect durations often completely garble up the score,
@lilypond
pipeSymbol = \bar "||"
-\score {
- \notes { c'2 c'2 | c'2 c'2 | }
-}
+{ c'2 c'2 | c'2 c'2 | }
@end lilypond
* Partial measures::
* Unmetered music::
* Bar lines::
+* Controlling formatting of prefatory matter::
@end menu
@node Staff symbol
This command is equivalent to setting @code{clefGlyph},
@code{clefPosition} (which controls the Y position of the clef),
@code{centralCPosition} and @code{clefOctavation}. A clef is printed
-when any of these properties are changed.
+when any of these properties are changed. The following example shows
+possibilities when setting properties manually.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim]
+{
+ \set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs-F"
+ \set Staff.clefPosition = #2
+ c'4
+ \set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs-G"
+ c'4
+ \set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs-C"
+ c'4
+ \set Staff.clefOctavation = #7
+ c'4
+ \set Staff.clefOctavation = #0
+ \set Staff.clefPosition = #0
+ c'4
+ \clef "bass"
+ c'4
+}
+@end lilypond
+
@seealso
-Program reference: the object for this symbol is @internalsref{Clef}.
+Program reference: @internalsref{Clef}.
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
\score {
- \notes \relative c'' {
+ \relative c'' {
#(set-time-signature 9 8 '(2 2 2 3))
g8[ g] d[ d] g[ g] a8[( bes g]) |
#(set-time-signature 5 8 '(3 2))
}
\paper {
\context {
- \StaffContext
+ \Staff
\consists "Measure_grouping_engraver"
}
}
@node Unmetered music
@subsection Unmetered music
+@cindex @code{\bar}
+
Bar lines and bar numbers are calculated automatically. For unmetered
music (e.g. cadenzas), this is not desirable. By setting
@code{Score.timing} to false, this automatic timing can be switched
@noindent
indicate where line breaks can occur.
-
-
@refcommands
@cindex @code{\cadenzaOn}
@cindex @code{\cadenzaOff}
@code{\cadenzaOff}.
+
+
+
@node Bar lines
@subsection Bar lines
@cindex Bar lines
@code{\set Timing.whichBar = }@var{bartype}. Whenever @code{whichBar}
is set to a string, a bar line of that type is created.
-@cindex whichBar
-@cindex repeatCommands
-@cindex defaultBarType
+@cindex @code{whichBar}
+@cindex @code{repeatCommands}
+@cindex @code{defaultBarType}
You are encouraged to use @code{\repeat} for repetitions. See
@ref{Repeats}.
Examples: @inputfileref{input/test,bar-lines.ly},
+@node Controlling formatting of prefatory matter
+@subsection Controlling formatting of prefatory matter
+
+TODO
+
+@lilypond[verbatim]
+\transpose c c' {
+ \override Staff.Clef #'break-visibility = #end-of-line-visible
+ \override Staff.KeySignature #'break-visibility = #end-of-line-visible
+ \set Staff.explicitClefVisibility = #end-of-line-visible
+ \set Staff.explicitKeySignatureVisibility = #end-of-line-visible
+
+ % We want the time sig to take space, otherwise there is not
+ % enough white at the start of the line.
+ %
+
+ \override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
+ \set Score.defaultBarType = #"empty"
+
+ c1 d e f g a b c
+ \key d \major
+ \break
+
+ % see above.
+ \time 4/4
+
+ d e fis g a b cis d
+ \key g \major
+ \break
+ \time 4/4
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+
@node Polyphony
@section Polyphony
@cindex polyphony
is to split chords using the separator @code{\\}. You can use it for
small, short-lived voices or for single chords
+@cindex @code{\\}
+
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment]
\context Staff \relative c'' {
c4 << { f d e } \\ { b c2 } >>
c8 c4. } \\ { c2 c2 } >>
@end lilypond
-LilyPond also vertically shifts rests that are opposite of a stem
-
+LilyPond also vertically shifts rests that are opposite of a stem,
+for example
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,fragment,verbatim]
\context Voice << c''4 \\ r4 >>
@menu
* Manual beams::
* Setting automatic beam behavior::
+* Beam formatting::
@end menu
@node Manual beams
@code{beatLength} property.
-@lilypond[quote,relative=2,verbatim,noindent]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=2,verbatim,noindent]
c16[ c c c c c c c]
\set subdivideBeams = ##t
c16[ c c c c c c c]
\set Score.beatLength = #(ly:make-moment 1 8)
c16[ c c c c c c c]
@end lilypond
-@cindex subdivideBeams
+@cindex @code{subdivideBeams}
Kneed beams are inserted automatically, when a large gap is detected
between the note heads. This behavior can be tuned through the object
@cindex auto-knee-gap
+@seealso
+
+User manual: @ref{Changing context properties on the fly} for the
+@code{\set} command
+
@refbugs
Automatically kneed cross-staff beams cannot be used together with
hidden staves.
+Beams do not avoid collisions with symbols around the notes, such as
+texts and accidentals.
different parts of a measure. This means that it is not possible to use
automatic beaming in irregular meters such as @code{5/8}.
+@node Beam formatting
+@subsection Beam formatting
+
+
+When a beam falls in the middle of the staff, the beams point normally
+down. However, this behaviour can be altered with the
+@code{neutral-direction} property.
+
+
+@lilypond
+\relative c'' {
+ b8[ b]
+ \override Beam #'neutral-direction = #-1
+ b[ b]
+ \override Beam #'neutral-direction = #1
+ b[ b]
+}
+@end lilypond
+
@node Accidentals
@section Accidentals
@cindex Accidentals
<c e>2( <b d>2)
@end lilypond
+The direction of a slur can be set with the
+generic commands
-@c TODO: should explain that ^( and _( set directions
-@c should set attachments with ^ and _ ?
-
-Slurs avoid crossing stems, and are generally attached to note heads.
-However, in some situations with beams, slurs may be attached to stem
-ends. If you want to override this layout you can do this through the
-object property @code{attachment} of @internalsref{Slur}. Its value
-is a pair of symbols, specifying the attachment type of the left and
-right end points
-
-@lilypond[quote,fragment,relative=1,verbatim]
-\slurUp
-\override Stem #'length = #5.5
-g'8(g g4)
-\override Slur #'attachment = #'(stem . stem)
-g8( g g4)
-@end lilypond
+@example
+ \override Slur #'direction = #UP
+ \slurUp % shortcut for the previous line
+@end example
-If a slur would strike through a stem or beam, the slur will be moved
-away upward or downward. If this happens, attaching the slur to the
-stems might look better
+@noindent
+However, there is a convenient shorthand for forcing slur
+directions. By adding @code{_} or @code{^} before the opening
+parentheses, the direction is also set. For example,
-@lilypond[quote,fragment,relative=1,verbatim]
-\stemUp \slurUp
-d32( d'4 d8..)
-\override Slur #'attachment = #'(stem . stem)
-d,32( d'4 d8..)
+@lilypond[relative=2,fragment]
+ c4_( c) c^( c)
@end lilypond
-
+
@refcommands
Program reference: @seeinternals{Slur}, and @internalsref{SlurEvent}.
-@refbugs
-
-Producing nice slurs is a difficult problem, and LilyPond
-uses a simple, empiric method to produce slurs. In some cases, its
-results are ugly.
-
@cindex Adjusting slurs
@refbugs
-Phrasing slurs have the same limitations in their formatting as normal
-slurs. Putting phrasing slurs over rests leads to spurious warnings.
+Putting phrasing slurs over rests leads to spurious warnings.
@node Breath marks
@subsection Breath marks
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
\score {
- \notes \relative c'' {
+ \relative c'' {
c4\startGroup\startGroup
c4\stopGroup
c4\startGroup
}
\paper {
\context {
- \StaffContext \consists "Horizontal_bracket_engraver"
+ \Staff \consists "Horizontal_bracket_engraver"
}}}
@end lilypond
@example
\new Staff @{
- #(add-grace-property "Voice" Stem direction '())
+ #(add-grace-property 'Voice 'Stem 'direction '())
@dots{}
@}
@end example
@noindent
Another option is to change the variables @code{startGraceMusic},
-@code{stopGraceMusic}, @code{startAccacciaturaMusic},
-@code{stopAccacciaturaMusic}, @code{startAppoggiaturaMusic},
+@code{stopGraceMusic}, @code{startAcciaccaturaMusic},
+@code{stopAcciaccaturaMusic}, @code{startAppoggiaturaMusic},
@code{stopAppoggiaturaMusic}. More information is in the file
@file{ly/grace-init.ly}.
}
@end lilypond
+@seealso
+
+Brackets for the repeat are normally only printed over the topmost
+staff. This can be adjusted by setting the @code{voltaOnThisStaff}
+property @inputfileref{input/regression,volta-multi-staff.ly},
+@inputfileref{input/regression,volta-chord-names.ly}
+
@refbugs
A nested repeat like
For clarity, it is advisable to use braces in such situations.
@cindex ambiguity
+
+
+Timing information is not remembered at the start of an alternative,
+so after a repeat timing information must be reset by hand, for
+example by setting @code{Score.measurePosition} or entering
+@code{\partial}. Similarly, slurs or ties are also not repeated.
+
+
+
+
@node Repeats and MIDI
@subsection Repeats and MIDI
example file @inputfileref{input/test,unfold-all-repeats.ly}.
-@refbugs
-
-Timing information is not remembered at the start of an alternative,
-so after a repeat timing information must be reset by hand, for
-example by setting @code{Score.measurePosition} or entering
-@code{\partial}. Similarly, slurs or ties are also not repeated.
-
@node Manual repeat commands
@subsection Manual repeat commands
To place tremolo marks between notes, use @code{\repeat} with tremolo
style
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,raggedright]
-\score {
- \context Voice \notes\relative c' {
+ \context Voice \relative c' {
\repeat "tremolo" 8 { c16 d16 }
\repeat "tremolo" 4 { c16 d16 }
\repeat "tremolo" 2 { c16 d16 }
}
-}
@end lilypond
Tremolo marks can also be put on a single note. In this case, the
patterns that divide the measure length are replaced by slashes
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,raggedright]
-\context Voice { \repeat "percent" 4 { c'4 }
- \repeat "percent" 2 { c'2 es'2 f'4 fis'4 g'4 c''4 }
-}
+\repeat "percent" 4 { c'4 }
+\repeat "percent" 2 { c'2 es'2 f'4 fis'4 g'4 c''4 }
@end lilypond
@seealso
hihat hh bassdrum bd
@end example
@lilypond[quote,raggedright]
- \new DrumStaff \drums { hihat hh bassdrum bd
- }
+\new DrumStaff \drums { hihat hh bassdrum bd }
@end lilypond
The complete list of drum names is in the init file
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
up = \drums { crashcymbal4 hihat8 halfopenhihat hh hh hh openhihat }
down = \drums { bassdrum4 snare8 bd r bd sn4 }
-\score {
\new DrumStaff <<
\new DrumVoice { \voiceOne \up }
\new DrumVoice { \voiceTwo \down }
>>
-}
@end lilypond
The above example shows verbose polyphonic notation. The short
the @internalsref{DrumVoices} are instantiated by hand first. For example,
@lilypond[quote,fragment,verbatim]
-\drums \new DrumStaff <<
+\new DrumStaff <<
\context DrumVoice = "1" { s1 *2 }
\context DrumVoice = "2" { s1 *2 }
- {
+ \drums {
bd4 sn4 bd4 sn4
<<
{ \repeat unfold 16 hh16 }
\paper {
%% need to do this, because of indented @itemize
linewidth= 9 \cm
- \context { \ScoreContext
+ \context { \Score
\override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
\override BarNumber #'transparent =##T
}}}
@lilypond[quote,raggedright]
nam = \lyrics { timh ssh timl ssl cb }
mus = \drums { timh ssh timl ssl cb s16 }
-\score {
- <<
+
+<<
\context DrumStaff \with {
\remove Bar_engraver
\remove Time_signature_engraver
\override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
\nam }
- >>
-}
+>>
@end lilypond
@item congas-style
to typeset congas on a two line staff
@lilypond[quote,raggedright]
nam = \lyrics { cgh cgho cghm ssh cgl cglo cglm ssl }
mus = \drums { cgh cgho cghm ssh cgl cglo cglm ssl s16 }
-\score {
- <<
+<<
\context DrumStaff\with {
\remove Bar_engraver
\remove Time_signature_engraver
\context Lyrics {
\override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
\nam }
- >>
-}
+>>
@end lilypond
@item bongos-style
to typeset bongos on a two line staff
@lilypond[quote,raggedright]
nam = \lyrics { boh boho bohm ssh bol bolo bolm ssl }
mus = \drums { boh boho bohm ssh bol bolo bolm ssl s16 }
-\score {
- <<
+<<
\context DrumStaff\with {
\remove Bar_engraver
\remove Time_signature_engraver
\context Lyrics {
\override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
\nam }
- >>
-}
+>>
@end lilypond
@item percussion-style
@lilypond[quote,raggedright]
nam = \lyrics { tri trio trim gui guis guil cb cl tamb cab mar hc }
mus = \drums { tri trio trim gui guis guil cb cl tamb cab mar hc s16 }
-\score {
- <<
+<<
\context DrumStaff\with{
\remove Bar_engraver
drumStyleTable = #percussion-style
\override Stem #'Y-extent-callback = ##f
} \mus
\context Lyrics {
- \nam
- \override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
-}
- >>
-}
+ \nam
+ \override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
+ }
+>>
@end lilypond
@end table
(lowtom diamond #f 3)))
up = \drums { hh8 hh hh hh hhp4 hhp }
down = \drums { bd4 sn bd toml8 toml }
-\score {
- \new DrumStaff <<
+
+\new DrumStaff <<
\set DrumStaff.drumStyleTable
= #(alist->hash-table mydrums)
\new DrumVoice { \voiceOne \up }
\new DrumVoice { \voiceTwo \down }
- >>
-}
+>>
@end lilypond
advance. Here is a practical example
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,raggedright]
-\score { \notes \context PianoStaff <<
+\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = "up" {
\autochange \new Voice \relative c' {
g4 a b c d r4 a g } }
\context Staff = "down" {
\clef bass
s1*2
-} >> }
+} >>
@end lilypond
@noindent
@cindex @code{\arpeggioUp}
@code{\arpeggioUp},
@cindex @code{\arpeggioDown}
-@code{\arpeggioUp},
+@code{\arpeggioDown},
@cindex @code{\arpeggioBoth}
@code{\arpeggioBoth},
@cindex @code{\arpeggioBracket}
@node Vocal music
@section Vocal music
-This section discusses how to enter and print lyrics.
+
+The easiest way to add lyrics to a melody, is by appending
+
+
+@cindex \newlyrics
+@example
+ \newlyrics @{ @var{the lyrics} @}
+@end example
+
+to a melody. Here is an example,
+
+@lilypond[raggedright,verbatim]
+ \relative { \time 3/4 c2 e4 g2. }
+ \newlyrics { play the game }
+@end lilypond
+
+More stanzas can be added by adding more
+@code{\newlyrics} sections
+
+@lilypond[raggedright,verbatim]
+ \relative { \time 3/4 c2 e4 g2. }
+ \newlyrics { play the game }
+ \newlyrics { speel het spel }
+ \newlyrics { joue le jeu }
+@end lilypond
+
+The @code{\newlyrics} keyword has three functions: it interprets the
+following words as texts instead of notes, it sets up a context for
+printing texts (the @code{Lyrics} context), and it couples the melody
+with the lyrics, so the durations of both are aligned.
+
+These three functions can be controlled separately, and that is what
+the following sections are about.
@menu
* Entering lyrics::
@cindex punctuation
Lyrics are entered in a special input mode. This mode is is introduced
-by the keyword @code{\lyrics}. In this mode you can enter lyrics, with
-punctuation and accents without any hassle. Syllables are entered like
-notes, but with pitches replaced by text. For example,
+by the keyword @code{\lyrics}. In this mode you can enter lyrics,
+with punctuation and accents without any hassle. Syllables are
+entered like notes, but with pitches replaced by text. For example,
@example
\lyrics @{ Twin-4 kle4 twin- kle litt- le star2 @}
@end example
Any @code{_} character which appears in an unquoted word is converted
to a space. This provides a mechanism for introducing spaces into words
without using quotes. Quoted words can also be used in Lyrics mode to
-specify words that cannot be written with the above rules
+specify words that cannot be written with the above rules. The
+following example incorporates double quotes
@example
\lyrics @{ He said: "\"Let" my peo ple "go\"" @}
@end example
-However, at least for english texts, you should use
+
+This example is slightly academic, since it gives better looking
+results to use matched single quotes, @code{``} and @code{''}
@example
\lyrics @{ He said: ``Let my peo ple go'' @}
@end example
-to get the correct shape of the starting and ending quote.
@cindex hyphens
@node The Lyrics context
@subsection The Lyrics context
+
Lyrics are printed by interpreting them in a @internalsref{Lyrics} context
@example
\context Lyrics \lyrics @dots{}
@c
notes of the @internalsref{Voice} context called @var{name}, which has
to exist. Therefore, normally the @code{Voice} is specified first, and
-then the lyrics are specified with @code{\lyricsto}.
+then the lyrics are specified with @code{\lyricsto}. The command
+@code{\lyricsto} switches to @code{\lyrics} mode automatically, so the
+@code{\lyrics} keyword may be omitted.
For different or more complex orderings, the best way is to setup the
hierarchy of staves and lyrics first, e.g.
@example
-\context ChoirStaff \notes <<
+\context ChoirStaff <<
\context Lyrics = sopranoLyrics @{ s1 @}
\context Voice = soprano @{ @emph{music} @}
\context Lyrics = tenorLyrics @{ s1 @}
The final input would resemble
@example
- << \context ChoirStaff \notes << @emph{setup the music} >>
+ << \context ChoirStaff << @emph{setup the music} >>
\lyricsto "soprano" @emph{etc}
\lyricsto "alto" @emph{etc}
@emph{etc}
\melismaEnd
e2
}
- \lyricsto "lala" \new Lyrics \lyrics {
+ \lyricsto "lala" \new Lyrics {
la di __ daah
}
>>
Contexts: @internalsref{Lyrics}, @internalsref{Melisma_translator}.
Examples: @inputfileref{input/template,satb.ly},
-@inputfileref{input/regression,lyric-combine-new.ly}.
+@inputfileref{input/regression,lyric-combine-new.ly},
+@c TODO: make separate section for melismata
+@inputfileref{input/test,lyrics-melisma-variants.ly}.
+@inputfileref{input/test,lyrics-melisma-faster.ly}.
@refbugs
setting corresponding names for both contexts. The latter is explained
in @ref{More stanzas}.
+@c TODO: document \new Staff << Voice \lyricsto >> bug
+
@node More stanzas
@subsection More stanzas
Ooooo, ch\'e -- ri, je t'aime. @}
@end example
+@c \lyricsto in the example below is pointless, given subject of the
+@c section.
+
+
The complete example is shown here
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
-\score {
<<
- \notes \relative c'' \context Voice = duet {
+ \relative c'' \context Voice = duet {
\time 3/4
g2 e4 a2 f4 g2. }
- \lyrics <<
+ <<
\lyricsto "duet" \new Lyrics {
\set vocalName = "Bert"
Hi, my name is Bert. }
Ooooo, ch\'e -- ri, je t'aime. }
>>
>>
-}
@end lilypond
@cindex stanza number
<<
\context Voice = duet {
\time 3/4 g2 e4 a2 f4 g2. }
- \lyrics \lyricsto "duet" \new Lyrics {
+ \lyricsto "duet" \new Lyrics {
\set stanza = "1. "
Hi, my name is Bert. }
>>
@internalsref{VocalName}. Music expressions
@internalsref{LyricEvent}.
-@refbugs
-
-@cindex ambiguity
-
-Input for lyrics introduces a syntactical ambiguity
-
-@example
-foo = bar
-@end example
-
-@noindent
-is interpreted as assigning a string identifier @code{\foo} such that
-it contains @code{"bar"}. However, it could also be interpreted as
-making or a music identifier @code{\foo} containing the syllable
-`bar'. The force the latter interpretation, use
-@example
-foo = \lyrics bar4
-@end example
@node Ambitus
@example
\paper @{
\context @{
- \VoiceContext
+ \Voice
\consists Ambitus_engraver
@}
@}
This results in the following output
@lilypond[quote,raggedright]
-\score {
+ \paper {
+ \context {
+ \Staff
+ \consists Ambitus_engraver
+ }
+ }
+
\context ChoirStaff
- \notes \relative c' <<
+ \relative c' <<
\new Staff {
as'' c e2 cis,2
}
es4 b c f as g
}
>>
- \paper {
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \consists Ambitus_engraver
- }
- }
-}
@end lilypond
If you have multiple voices in a single staff, and you want a single
@seealso
-Program reference: @internalsref{Ambitus}.
+Program reference: @internalsref{Ambitus},
+@internalsref{AmbitusLine}, @internalsref{AmbitusNoteHead},
+@internalsref{AmbitusAccidental}.
Examples: @inputfileref{input/regression,ambitus.ly},
@inputfileref{input/test,ambitus-mixed.ly}.
@node Tablatures
@section Tablatures
+@cindex tablature
+@cindex guitar tablature
+
Tablature notation is used for notating music for plucked string
instruments. It notates pitches not by using note heads, but by
indicating on which string and fret a note must be played. LilyPond
@internalsref{TabVoice} contexts
@lilypond[quote,fragment,verbatim]
-\notes \context TabStaff {
+ \context TabStaff {
a,4\5 c'\2 a\3 e'\1
e\4 c'\2 a\3 e'\1
}
@end lilypond
-@cindex minimumFret
+@cindex @code{minimumFret}
+@cindex fret
When no string is specified, the first string that does not give a
fret number less than @code{minimumFret} is selected. The default
e16 fis gis a b4
@end example
@lilypond[quote,noindent,raggedright]
-frag = \notes {
+frag = {
\key e \major
e16 fis gis a b4
\set TabStaff.minimumFret = #8
e16 fis gis a b4
}
-\score {
\context StaffGroup <<
\context Staff { \clef "G_8" \frag }
\context TabStaff { \frag }
>>
-}
@end lilypond
@seealso
\context TabStaff <<
\set TabStaff.stringTunings = #'(-5 -10 -15 -20)
- \notes {
+ {
a,4 c' a e' e c' a e'
}
>>
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,raggedright]
-twoWays = \notes \transpose c c' {
+twoWays = \transpose c c' {
\chords {
c1 f:sus4 bes/f
}
<f bes d'>
}
-\score {
<< \context ChordNames \twoWays
- \context Voice \twoWays >> }
+ \context Voice \twoWays >>
@end lilypond
This example also shows that the chord printing routines do not try to
@cindex @code{m}
Since an unaltered 11 does not sound good when combined with an
-unaltered 13, the 11 is removed in this case (unless it is added
+unaltered 3, the 11 is removed in this case (unless it is added
explicitly)
@c
@lilypond[quote,fragment,verbatim]
\chords { c1 c/+g c/+f }
@end lilypond
-Chords is a mode similar to @code{\lyrics}, @code{\notes} etc. Most
+Chords is a mode similar to @code{\lyrics} etc. Most
of the commands continue to work, for example, @code{r} and
@code{\skip} can be used to insert rests and spaces, and property
commands may be used to change various settings.
described above, or directly using @code{<} and @code{>}
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,raggedright]
-scheme = \notes {
+scheme = {
\chords {a1 b c} <d' f' a'> <e' g' b'>
}
-\score {
- \notes <<
+
+ <<
\context ChordNames \scheme
\context Staff \scheme
- >>
-}
+>>
@end lilypond
You can make the chord changes stand out by setting
scheme = \chords {
c1:m c:m \break c:m c:m d
}
-\score {
- \notes <<
+ <<
\context ChordNames {
\set chordChanges = ##t
\scheme }
\context Staff \transpose c c' \scheme
- >>
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+The previous examples all show chords over a staff. This is not
+necessary. Chords may also be printed separately. It may be necessary
+to add @internalsref{Volta_engraver} and @internalsref{Bar_engraver}
+for showing repeats.
+
+@lilypond[raggedright,verbatim]
+\new ChordNames \with {
+ \override BarLine #'bar-size = #4
+ \consists Bar_engraver
+ \consists "Volta_engraver"
+}
+\repeat volta 2 \chords {
+ f1:maj f:7 bes:7
+ c:maj es
}
@end lilypond
+
The default chord name layout is a system for Jazz music, proposed by
Klaus Ignatzek (see @ref{Literature list}). It can be tuned through the
following properties
@table @code
-@cindex chordNameExceptions
+@cindex @code{chordNameExceptions}
@item chordNameExceptions
This is a list that contains the chords that have special formatting.
For an example, see
@cindex exceptions, chord names.
-@cindex majorSevenSymbol
+@cindex @code{majorSevenSymbol}
@item majorSevenSymbol
This property contains the markup object used for the 7th step, when
it is major. Predefined options are @code{whiteTriangleMarkup} and
@code{blackTriangleMarkup}. See
@inputfileref{input/regression,chord-name-major7.ly} for an example.
-@cindex chordNameSeparator
+@cindex @code{chordNameSeparator}
@item chordNameSeparator
Different parts of a chord name are normally separated by a
slash. By setting @code{chordNameSeparator}, you can specify other
}
@end lilypond
-@cindex chordRootNamer
+@cindex @code{chordRootNamer}
@item chordRootNamer
The root of a chord is usually printed as a letter with an optional
alteration. The transformation from pitch to letter is done by this
function. Special note names (for example, the German ``H'' for a
B-chord) can be produced by storing a new function in this property.
-The predefined variables @code{\germanChords},
-@code{\semiGermanChords} set these variables.
-
-
-@cindex chordNoteNamer
+@cindex @code{chordNoteNamer}
@item chordNoteNamer
The default is to print single pitch, e.g. the bass note, using the
@code{chordRootNamer}. The @code{chordNoteNamer} property can be set
@end table
+The predefined variables @code{\germanChords},
+@code{\semiGermanChords} set these variables. The effect is
+demonstrated here,
+
+@lilypondfile[notexidoc]{chord-names-german.ly}
There are also two other chord name schemes implemented: an alternate
Jazz chord notation, and a systematic scheme called Banter chords. The
Examples: @inputfileref{input/regression,chord-name-major7.ly},
@inputfileref{input/regression,chord-name-exceptions.ly},
@inputfileref{input/test,chord-names-jazz.ly},
-@inputfileref{input/test,chord-names-german.ly}.
+@inputfileref{input/test,chords-without-melody.ly}.
+
Init files: @file{scm/chords-ignatzek.scm}, and @file{scm/chord-entry.scm}.
@menu
* Multiple staff contexts::
+* Aligning to cadenzas::
* Rehearsal marks::
* Bar numbers::
* Instrument names::
@cindex staff group
+@node Aligning to cadenzas
+@subsection Aligning to cadenzas
+
+
+In an orchestral context, cadenzas bring cause a special probelem:
+when constructing a score that includes a cadenza, all other
+instruments should skip just as many notes as the length of the
+cadenza, otherwise they will start too soon or too late.
+
+A solution to this problem are the functions @code{mmrest-of-length}
+and @code{skip-of-length}. These Scheme functions take a piece music
+as argument, and generate a @code{\skip} or multi rest, exactly as
+long as the piece. The use of @code{mmrest-of-length} is demonstrated
+in the following example.
+
+@lilypond[raggedright]
+cadenza = \relative c' {
+ c4 d8 << { e f g } \\ { d4. } >>
+ g4 f2 g4 g
+}
+
+\new GrandStaff <<
+ \new Staff { \cadenza c'4 }
+ \new Staff {
+ #(ly:export (mmrest-of-length cadenza))
+ c'4
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+
+
@node Rehearsal marks
@cindex bar numbers
@cindex measure numbers
-@cindex currentBarNumber
+@cindex @code{currentBarNumber}
Bar numbers are printed by default at the start of the line. The
-number itself is stored in the
-@code{currentBarNumber} property,
-which is normally updated automatically for every measure.
+number itself is stored in the @code{currentBarNumber} property, which
+is normally updated automatically for every measure.
Bar numbers can be typeset at regular intervals instead of at the
beginning of each line. This is illustrated in the following example,
the start of the staff. For the first start, @code{instrument} is
used, for the next ones @code{instr} is used.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,raggedright,relative=1]
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,raggedright,relative=1,fragment]
\set Staff.instrument = "Ploink "
\set Staff.instr = "Plk "
c1
names, for example
@lilypond[quote,fragment,verbatim,raggedright]
-\notes {
+ {
\set Staff.instrument = \markup {
\column < "Clarinetti" { "in B"
\smaller \flat } > }
}
@end lilypond
+For longer instrument names, it may be useful to increase the
+@code{indent} setting in the @code{\paper} block.
+
@seealso
Program reference: @internalsref{InstrumentName}.
\transpose a c @dots{}
@end example
-Since @var{from} and @var{to} are pitches, so @code{\transpose} must be
-inside a @code{\notes} section. @code{\transpose} distinguishes
-between enharmonic pitches: both @code{\transpose c cis} or
-@code{\transpose c des} will transpose up half a tone. The first
-version will print sharps and the second version will print flats
+@code{\transpose} distinguishes between enharmonic pitches: both
+@code{\transpose c cis} or @code{\transpose c des} will transpose up
+half a tone. The first version will print sharps and the second
+version will print flats
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
-mus =\notes { \key d \major cis d fis g }
-\score { \notes \context Staff {
+mus = { \key d \major cis d fis g }
+\context Staff {
\clef "F" \mus
\clef "G"
\transpose c g' \mus
\transpose c f' \mus
-}}
+}
@end lilypond
\transposition bes %% B-flat clarinet
@end example
-This command sets the property @code{instrumentTuning}. The value of
+This command sets the property @code{instrumentTransposition}. The value of
this property is used for MIDI output and quotations. It does not
affect how notes are printed in the current staff.
@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
-\score {
- \notes \relative c' <<
- \new Staff { e4 f g a \break c1 }
- \new Staff { c4 d e f \break R1 }
- >>
\paper {
linewidth = 6.\cm
\context { \RemoveEmptyStaffContext }
}
+
+{
+ \relative c' <<
+ \new Staff { e4 f g a \break c1 }
+ \new Staff { c4 d e f \break R1 }
+ >>
}
@end lilypond
@example
\simultaneous @{
@var{the music}
- \apply #(remove-tag 'score) @var{the music}
- \apply #(remove-tag 'part) @var{the music}
+ \applymusic #(remove-tag 'score) @var{the music}
+ \applymusic #(remove-tag 'part) @var{the music}
@}
@end example
would yield
of music. This is an example of @code{\addquote}
@verbatim
-\addquote clarinet \notes\relative c' {
+\addquote clarinet \relative c' {
f4 fis g gis
}
@end verbatim
instruments, if they are specified using the @code{\transposition} command.
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
-\addquote clarinet \notes\relative c' {
+\addquote clarinet \relative c' {
\transposition bes
f4 fis g gis
}
-\score {
- \notes {
+
+{
e'8 f'8 \quote clarinet 2
-} }
+}
@end lilypond
@refbugs
Program reference: @internalsref{QuoteMusic}.
+@node Formatting cue notes
+@section Formatting cue notes
+
+
+The previous section deals with inserting notes from another
+voice. When making a part, there is also the part of formatting those
+notes. Here is an example of formatted cue notes
+
+@lilypond[verbatim]
+smaller = {
+ \set fontSize = #-1
+ \override Stem #'length = #5.5
+ \override Beam #'thickness = #0.384
+ \override Beam #'space-function =
+ #(lambda (beam mult) (* 0.8 (Beam::space_function beam mult)))
+}
+
+{
+ \set Staff.instrument = #"Horn in F"
+ \set Score.skipBars = ##t
+ R1*21
+ << {
+ \once \override Staff.MultiMeasureRest #'staff-position = #-6
+ R1
+ }
+ \new Voice {
+ s2
+ \clef tenor
+ \smaller
+ r8^"Bsn." c'8 f'8[ f'8]
+ \clef treble
+ }
+ >>
+ c'8^"Horn" cis'
+ eis'4 fis'4
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+
+There are a couple of points to take care of:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+The multi rest of the original part should be moved up or down during
+the cue.
+@item
+Cue notes have smaller font sizes.
+@item
+When cued notes have a clef change relative to the original part, the
+clef should be restored after the cue section. This minimizes
+confusion for the reader,
+@item
+When the original part starts, this should be marked with the name of
+the instrument, in this case ``Horn.'' Of course, the cue part is
+marked with the instrument playing the cue.
+@end itemize
+
+
+
@node Ancient notation
@section Ancient notation
* Custodes::
* Divisiones::
* Ligatures::
-* Figured bass::
* Vaticana style contexts::
+* Figured bass::
@end menu
If this all is way too much of documentation for you, and you just
For ancient notation, a note head style other than the @code{default}
style may be chosen. This is accomplished by setting the @code{style}
property of the NoteHead object to the desired value (@code{baroque},
-@code{neo_mensural} or @code{mensural}). The @code{baroque} style
+@code{neomensural} or @code{mensural}). The @code{baroque} style
differs from the @code{default} style only in using a square shape for
-@code{\breve} note heads. The @code{neo_mensural} style differs from
+@code{\breve} note heads. The @code{neomensural} style differs from
the @code{baroque} style in that it uses rhomboidal heads for whole
notes and all smaller durations. Stems are centered on the note
heads. This style is in particular useful when transcribing mensural
produces note heads that mimic the look of note heads in historic
printings of the 16th century.
-The following example demonstrates the @code{neo_mensural} style
+The following example demonstrates the @code{neomensural} style
@lilypond[quote,fragment,raggedright,verbatim]
-\override NoteHead #'style = #'neo_mensural
+\override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
a'\longa a'\breve a'1 a'2 a'4 a'8 a'16
@end lilypond
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,staffsize=26]
\score {
- \notes {
+ {
\fatText
s
^\markup {
raggedright = ##t
interscoreline = 1
\context {
- \ScoreContext
+ \Score
\remove "Bar_number_engraver"
}
\context{
- \StaffContext
+ \Staff
\remove "Clef_engraver"
\remove "Key_engraver"
\remove "Time_signature_engraver"
Use the @code{style} property of grob @internalsref{Rest} to select
ancient accidentals. Supported styles are @code{classical},
-@code{neo_mensural} and @code{mensural}. @code{classical} differs
+@code{neomensural} and @code{mensural}. @code{classical} differs
from the @code{default} style only in that the quarter rest looks like
-a horizontally mirrored 8th rest. The @code{neo_mensural} style suits
+a horizontally mirrored 8th rest. The @code{neomensural} style suits
well for e.g. the incipit of a transcribed mensural piece of music.
The @code{mensural} style finally mimics the appearance of rests as
in historic prints of the 16th century.
-The following example demonstrates the @code{neo_mensural} style
+The following example demonstrates the @code{neomensural} style
@lilypond[quote,fragment,raggedright,verbatim]
-\override Rest #'style = #'neo_mensural
+\override Rest #'style = #'neomensural
r\longa r\breve r1 r2 r4 r8 r16
@end lilypond
right side of each clef in the example column denotes the @code{c'}
with respect to that clef.
-@multitable @columnfractions .3 .3 .3 .1
+@multitable @columnfractions .4 .4 .2
@item
-@b{Glyph Name} @tab
@b{Description} @tab
@b{Supported Clefs} @tab
@b{Example}
@item
-@code{clefs-neo_mensural_c} @tab
modern style mensural C clef @tab
-@code{neo_mensural_c1}, @code{neo_mensural_c2},
-@code{neo_mensural_c3}, @code{neo_mensural_c4} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@code{neomensural_c1}, @code{neomensural_c2},
+@code{neomensural_c3}, @code{neomensural_c4} @tab
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
-\clef "neo_mensural_c2" c
+\clef "neomensural_c2" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-petrucci_c1}
-@code{clefs-petrucci_c2}
-@code{clefs-petrucci_c3}
-@code{clefs-petrucci_c4}
-@code{clefs-petrucci_c5}
-
-@tab
petrucci style mensural C clefs, for use on different staff lines
(the examples shows the 2nd staff line C clef).
@code{petrucci_c5}
@tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "petrucci_c2" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-petrucci_f} @tab
petrucci style mensural F clef @tab
@code{petrucci_f} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "petrucci_f" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-petrucci_g} @tab
petrucci style mensural G clef @tab
@code{petrucci_g} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "petrucci_g" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-mensural_c} @tab
historic style mensural C clef @tab
@code{mensural_c1}, @code{mensural_c2}, @code{mensural_c3},
@code{mensural_c4} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "mensural_c2" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-mensural_f} @tab
historic style mensural F clef @tab
@code{mensural_f} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "mensural_f" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-mensural_g} @tab
historic style mensural G clef @tab
@code{mensural_g} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "mensural_g" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-vaticana_do} @tab
Editio Vaticana style do clef @tab
@code{vaticana_do1}, @code{vaticana_do2}, @code{vaticana_do3} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'line-count = #4
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "vaticana_do2" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-vaticana_fa} @tab
Editio Vaticana style fa clef @tab
@code{vaticana_fa1}, @code{vaticana_fa2} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime,fragment]
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'line-count = #4
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "vaticana_fa2" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-medicaea_do} @tab
Editio Medicaea style do clef @tab
@code{medicaea_do1}, @code{medicaea_do2}, @code{medicaea_do3} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'line-count = #4
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "medicaea_do2" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-medicaea_fa} @tab
Editio Medicaea style fa clef @tab
@code{medicaea_fa1}, @code{medicaea_fa2} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'line-count = #4
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "medicaea_fa2" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-hufnagel_do} @tab
historic style hufnagel do clef @tab
@code{hufnagel_do1}, @code{hufnagel_do2}, @code{hufnagel_do3} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'line-count = #4
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "hufnagel_do2" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-hufnagel_fa} @tab
historic style hufnagel fa clef @tab
@code{hufnagel_fa1}, @code{hufnagel_fa2} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'line-count = #4
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "hufnagel_fa2" c
@end lilypond
@item
-@code{clefs-hufnagel_do_fa} @tab
historic style hufnagel combined do/fa clef @tab
@code{hufnagel_do_fa} @tab
-@lilypond[quote,relative=1,notime]
+@lilypond[fragment,quote,relative=1,notime]
\override Staff.TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
\clef "hufnagel_do_fa" c
@end lilypond
@lilypond[quote]
\score {
- \notes {
+ {
\set Score.timing = ##f
\set Score.barAlways = ##t
s_\markup { "$\\backslash$time 4/4" }
- ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neo_mensural4/4" }
+ ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neomensural4/4" }
s
s_\markup { "$\\backslash$time 2/2" }
- ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neo_mensural2/2" }
+ ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neomensural2/2" }
s
s_\markup { "$\\backslash$time 6/4" }
- ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neo_mensural6/4" }
+ ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neomensural6/4" }
s
s_\markup { "$\\backslash$time 6/8" }
- ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neo_mensural6/8" }
+ ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neomensural6/8" }
\break
s_\markup { "$\\backslash$time 3/2" }
- ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neo_mensural3/2" }
+ ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neomensural3/2" }
s
s_\markup { "$\\backslash$time 3/4" }
- ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neo_mensural3/4" }
+ ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neomensural3/4" }
s
s_\markup { "$\\backslash$time 9/4" }
- ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neo_mensural9/4" }
+ ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neomensural9/4" }
s
s_\markup { "$\\backslash$time 9/8" }
- ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neo_mensural9/8" }
+ ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neomensural9/8" }
\break
s_\markup { "$\\backslash$time 4/8" }
- ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neo_mensural4/8" }
+ ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neomensural4/8" }
s
s_\markup { "$\\backslash$time 2/4" }
- ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neo_mensural2/4" }
+ ^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig-neomensural2/4" }
\break
}
\paper {
indent = 0.0
raggedright = ##t
\context {
- \StaffContext
+ \Staff
\remove Staff_symbol_engraver
\remove Clef_engraver
\remove Time_signature_engraver
Use the @code{style} property of grob @internalsref{TimeSignature} to
select ancient time signatures. Supported styles are
-@code{neo_mensural} and @code{mensural}. The above table uses the
-@code{neo_mensural} style. This style is appropriate e.g. for the
+@code{neomensural} and @code{mensural}. The above table uses the
+@code{neomensural} style. This style is appropriate e.g. for the
incipit of transcriptions of mensural pieces. The @code{mensural}
style mimics the look of historical printings of the 16th century.
@example
\paper @{
\context @{
- \StaffContext
+ \Staff
\consists Custos_engraver
Custos \override #'style = #'mensural
@}
@lilypond[quote,raggedright]
\score {
- \notes {
+ {
a'1
\override Staff.Custos #'style = #'mensural
\break
}
\paper {
\context {
- \StaffContext
+ \Staff
\consists Custos_engraver
}
}
above the ligature
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim]
-\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+\transpose c c' {
\[ g c a f d' \]
a g f
\[ e f a g \]
- }
}
@end lilypond
@example
\paper @{
\context @{
- \VoiceContext
+ \Voice
\remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
\consists Mensural_ligature_engraver
@}
@example
\set Score.timing = ##f
\set Score.defaultBarType = "empty"
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'neo_mensural
- \override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neo_mensural
+ \override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
+ \override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\clef "petrucci_g"
\[ g\longa c\breve a\breve f\breve d'\longa \]
s4
@end example
@lilypond[quote,raggedright]
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
\set Score.timing = ##f
\set Score.defaultBarType = "empty"
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'neo_mensural
- \override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neo_mensural
+ \override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
+ \override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\clef "petrucci_g"
\[ g\longa c\breve a\breve f\breve d'\longa \]
s4
}
\paper {
\context {
- \VoiceContext
+ \Voice
\remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
\consists Mensural_ligature_engraver
}
to the following
@lilypond[quote,raggedright]
-\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+\transpose c c' {
\set Score.timing = ##f
\set Score.defaultBarType = "empty"
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'neo_mensural
- \override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neo_mensural
+ \override NoteHead #'style = #'neomensural
+ \override Staff.TimeSignature #'style = #'neomensural
\clef "petrucci_g"
\[ g\longa c\breve a\breve f\breve d'\longa \]
s4
\[ e1 f1 a\breve g\longa \]
- }
}
@end lilypond
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.5\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Punctum
\[ b \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"a"} \noBreak
\[ \inclinatum b \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"b"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=2.5\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Punctum Auctum Ascendens
\[ \auctum \ascendens b \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"c"} \noBreak
\[ \inclinatum \auctum b \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"e"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Punctum Inclinatum Parvum
\[ \inclinatum \deminutum b \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"f"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@item
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Virga
\[ \virga b \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"g"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Stropha
\[ \stropha b \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"h"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Stropha Aucta
\[ \stropha \auctum b \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"i"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Oriscus
\[ \oriscus b \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"j"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Clivis vel Flexa
\[ b \flexa g \]
s^\markup {"k"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=2.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Clivis Aucta Descendens
\[ b \flexa \auctum \descendens g \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"l"} \noBreak
\[ b \flexa \auctum \ascendens g \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"m"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Cephalicus
\[ b \flexa \deminutum g \]
s^\markup {"n"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@item
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Podatus vel Pes
\[ g \pes b \]
s^\markup {"o"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=2.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Pes Auctus Descendens
\[ g \pes \auctum \descendens b \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"p"} \noBreak
\[ g \pes \auctum \ascendens b \]
\noBreak s^\markup {"q"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Epiphonus
\[ g \pes \deminutum b \]
s^\markup {"r"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@item
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Pes Quassus
\[ \oriscus g \pes \virga b \]
s^\markup {"s"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Pes Quassus Auctus Descendens
\[ \oriscus g \pes \auctum \descendens b \]
s^\markup {"t"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Quilisma Pes
\[ \quilisma g \pes b \]
s^\markup {"u"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Quilisma Pes Auctus Descendens
\[ \quilisma g \pes \auctum \descendens b \]
s^\markup {"v"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Pes Initio Debilis
\[ \deminutum g \pes b \]
s^\markup {"w"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Pes Auctus Descendens Initio Debilis
\[ \deminutum g \pes \auctum \descendens b \]
s^\markup {"x"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Torculus
\[ a \pes b \flexa g \]
s^\markup {"y"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Torculus Auctus Descendens
\[ a \pes b \flexa \auctum \descendens g \]
s^\markup {"z"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Torculus Deminutus
\[ a \pes b \flexa \deminutum g \]
s^\markup {"A"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@item
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
-\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
- % Torculus Initio Debilis
- \[ \deminutum a \pes b \flexa g \]
- s^\markup {"B"}
- }
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
-@end lilypond
-@tab
-@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
-\include "gregorian-init.ly"
-\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
- % Torculus Auctus Descendens Initio Debilis
- \[ \deminutum a \pes b \flexa \auctum \descendens g \]
- s^\markup {"C"}
- }
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
+\score {
+ \transpose c c' {
+ % Torculus Initio Debilis
+ \[ \deminutum a \pes b \flexa g \]
+ s^\markup {"B"}
}
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
+@end lilypond
+@tab
+@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
+\include "gregorian-init.ly"
+\score {
+ \transpose c c' {
+ % Torculus Auctus Descendens Initio Debilis
+ \[ \deminutum a \pes b \flexa \auctum \descendens g \]
+ s^\markup {"C"}
+ }
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Torculus Deminutus Initio Debilis
\[ \deminutum a \pes b \flexa \deminutum g \]
s^\markup {"D"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@item
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Porrectus
\[ a \flexa g \pes b \]
s^\markup {"E"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Porrectus Auctus Descendens
\[ a \flexa g \pes \auctum \descendens b \]
s^\markup {"F"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Porrectus Deminutus
\[ a \flexa g \pes \deminutum b \]
s^\markup {"G"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@item
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Climacus
\[ \virga b \inclinatum a \inclinatum g \]
s^\markup {"H"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
+ \paper { \neumeDemoPaper }
}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Climacus Auctus
\[ \virga b \inclinatum a \inclinatum \auctum g \]
s^\markup {"I"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Climacus Deminutus
\[ \virga b \inclinatum a \inclinatum \deminutum g \]
s^\markup {"J"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@item
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Scandicus
\[ g \pes a \virga b \]
s^\markup {"K"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Scandicus Auctus Descendens
\[ g \pes a \pes \auctum \descendens b \]
s^\markup {"L"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Scandicus Deminutus
\[ g \pes a \pes \deminutum b \]
s^\markup {"M"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@item
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Salicus
\[ g \oriscus a \pes \virga b \]
s^\markup {"N"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Salicus Auctus Descendens
\[ g \oriscus a \pes \auctum \descendens b \]
s^\markup {"O"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
-}
+\paper { \neumeDemoPaper }}
@end lilypond
@tab
@lilypond[quote,noindent,staffsize=26,nofragment,linewidth=1.0\cm]
\include "gregorian-init.ly"
\score {
- \notes \transpose c c' {
+ \transpose c c' {
% Trigonus
\[ \stropha b \stropha b \stropha a \]
s^\markup {"P"}
}
- \paper {
- interscoreline = 1
- \context {
- \ScoreContext
- \remove "Bar_number_engraver"
- }
- \context {
- \StaffContext
- \remove "Clef_engraver"
- \remove "Key_engraver"
- \override StaffSymbol #'transparent = ##t
- \remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- \remove "Bar_engraver"
- minimumVerticalExtent = ##f
- }
- \context {
- \VoiceContext
- \remove Ligature_bracket_engraver
- \consists Vaticana_ligature_engraver
- \override NoteHead #'style = #'vaticana_punctum
- \override Stem #'transparent = ##t
- }
- }
+ \paper { \neumeDemoPaper }
}
@end lilypond
@tab
<<
\context VaticanaVoice = "cantus" {
\override Score.BarNumber #'transparent = ##t
- \notes {
+ {
\[ c'\melisma c' \flexa a \]
\[ a \flexa \deminutum g\melismaEnd \]
f \divisioMinima
\[ a \flexa \deminutum g\melismaEnd \] f \divisioMinima
}
}
- \lyricsto "cantus" \new Lyrics \lyrics {
+ \lyricsto "cantus" \new Lyrics {
San- ctus, San- ctus, San- ctus
}
>>
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment]
<<
- \context Voice \notes { \clef bass dis4 c d ais }
+ \context Voice { \clef bass dis4 c d ais }
\context FiguredBass \figures {
< 6 >4 < 7 >8 < 6+ [_!] >
< 6 >4 <6 5 [3+] >
chords, e.g.
@c
@lilypond[quote,relative=2,verbatim]
-\apply #notes-to-clusters { <c e > <b f'> }
+\applymusic #notes-to-clusters { <c e > <b f'> }
@end lilypond
The following example (from
supported
@lilypond[quote,raggedright]
-\score {
- <<
- \addlyrics \notes {
+<<
+ \addlyrics {
b'
^\shortfermata
_\shortfermata
\override LyricText #'font-family = #'typewriter
"shortfermata" "fermata" "longfermata" "verylongfermata"
}
- >>
-}
+>>
@end lilypond
See @ref{Articulations} for general instructions how to apply scripts
-such as fermatas to a @code{\notes@{@}} block.
+such as fermatas to notes.
-@node Special notation
-@section Special notation
+@node Educational use
+@section Educational use
@menu
* Balloon help::
+* Blank music paper::
+* Notation for excercises::
* Easy Notation note heads::
@end menu
Examples: @inputfileref{input/regression,balloon.ly}.
+
+
+
+@node Blank music paper
+@subsection Blank music paper
+
+A blank music paper can be produced also by using invisible notes, and
+removing @code{Bar_number_engraver}.
+
+
+@lilypond
+emptymusic = {
+ \repeat unfold 2 % Change this for more lines.
+ { s1\break }
+ \bar "|."
+}
+\new Score \with {
+ \override TimeSignature #'transparent = ##t
+ defaultBarType = #""
+ \remove Bar_number_engraver
+} <<
+ \context Staff \emptymusic
+ \context TabStaff \emptymusic
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+
+@node Notation for excercises
+@subsection Notation for excercises
+
+@cindex Blank Notes
+
+Invisible (or transparent) notes can be useful, when weird tricks are
+needed; especially, a slur cannot be attach to a rest or spacer rest.
+
+
+@lilypond
+blanknotes = { \override NoteHead #'transparent = ##t
+ \override Stem #'transparent = ##t }
+unblanknotes = { \revert NoteHead #'transparent
+ \revert Stem #'transparent }
+
+
+\relative c'' {
+ c4 d4
+ \blanknotes e4 f4 \unblanknotes
+ g4 a
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+
@node Easy Notation note heads
@subsection Easy Notation note heads
The `easy play' note head includes a name inside the head. It is
used in music for beginners
-@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim,staffsize=26]
+@lilypond[quote,raggedright,verbatim,fragment,staffsize=26]
\setEasyHeads
c'2 e'4 f' | g'1
@end lilypond
@refcommands
-@cindex \setEasyHeads
+@cindex @code{\setEasyHeads}
@code{\setEasyHeads}
@node Sound
settings. Hence, the MIDI file should not have more than 15 staves
(or 14 if you do not use drums). Other staves will remain silent.
+Not all MIDI players correctly handle tempo change in the MIDI
+output. Players that are known to work include
+@uref{http://timidity.sourceforge.net/,timidity}
+
@menu
* MIDI block::
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff