@documentencoding utf-8
@documentlanguage en
-@dircategory GNU music project
+@c see lilypond.tely for info installation note
+@dircategory LilyPond
@direntry
* Glossary: (lilypond/music-glossary). Glossary of music terms.
@end direntry
@c French glossary
@author Han-Wen Nienhuys @c Dutch glossary
@author Jan Nieuwenhuizen @c Dutch glossary
-@author Dadiv Gonzalez @c Spanish glossary
+@author David González @c Spanish glossary
@author Bjoern Jacke @c German glossary
@author Neil Jerram @c English glossary translations
@author Mats Bengtsson @c Swedish glossary
@top Music glossary
@end ifnottex
-This glossary was brought you by
@ifnottex
+
+This glossary was brought you by
+
@table @code
@item Adrian Mariano
Italian glossary,
German glossary,
@item Christian Mondrup
Original author of LilyPond glossary, Danish glossary,
-@item Dadiv Gonzalez
+@item David González
Spanish glossary,
-@item Fran@,{c}ois Pinard
+@item François Pinard
Original glossary of GNU music project, French glossary,
@item Han-Wen Nienhuys
Dutch glossary,
* alto::
* alto clef::
* ambit::
+* anacrusis::
* ancient minor scale::
* andante::
* appoggiatura::
* arpeggio::
+* articulation::
* ascending interval::
* augmented interval::
* autograph::
* ornament::
* ossia::
* part::
+* pause::
* pennant::
* percussion::
* perfect interval::
@node accidental
@section accidental
-ES: alteración accidentelle,
+ES: alteración accidental,
I: accidento,
F: altération accidentelle,
D: Vorzeichen, Versetzungszeichen, Akzidenz,
\set Score.automaticBars = ##f
<<
\context Staff \relative c'' {
+ \set Staff.extraNatural = ##f
gis1 gisis ges geses g!
}
\lyrics {
@node accelerando
@section accelerando
-ES: acelerando,
+ES: accelerando,
I: accelerando,
F: accelerando, en accélérant,
D: accelerando, schneller werden,
@node ambit
@section ambit
-ES: ambitus,
+ES: ámbito,
I: ambitus,
F: ambitus,
D: ambitus,
of pitches for a given voice in a part of music. It may also denote
the pitch range that a musical instrument is capable of playing.
+@node anacrusis
+@section anacrusis
+
+@c TODO: add more languages for anacrusis
+F: anacrouse
+
+An anacrusis (also known as pickup or upbeat) is an incomplete measure
+of music before a section of music.
+
@node ancient minor scale
@section ancient minor scale
+ES: escala menor antigua,
I: scala minore naturale,
F: forme du mode mineur ancien, troisème mode, mode hellénique
D: reines Moll,
ES: apoyatura,
I: appoggiatura,
-F: appogiature, (port de voix),
+F: appoggiature, (port de voix),
D: Vorschlag,
NL: voorslag,
DK: forslag,
>>
@end lilypond
+@node articulation
+@section articulation
+
+@c TODO: add languages for articulation.
+Articulation refers to notation which indicates how a note or notes should
+be played. Slurs, accents, staccato, and legato are all examples of
+articulartion.
+
+
@node ascending interval
@section ascending interval
-ES: Intervalo ascendente,
+ES: intervalo ascendente,
I: intervallo ascendente,
F: intervalle ascendant,
D: steigendes Intervall,
@node autograph
@section autograph
+ES: manuscrito,
I: autografo,
-F: manuscrit,
+F: manuscrit, autographe
D: Autograph, Handschrift,
NL: manuscript,
DK: håndskrift, autograf,
@node bar
@section bar
-ES: compás, @aref{measure}.
+@aref{measure}.
@node bar line
@section bar line
-ES: ?,
+ES: barra, línea divisoria,
I: stanghetta, barra (di divisione),
F: barre (de mesure),
D: Taktstrich,
@node bass
@section bass
+ES: bajo,
I: basso,
F: basse,
D: Bass,
@node beam
@section beam
+ES: barra
I: coda,
F: barre,
D: Balken,
@node beat
@section beat
-ES: tiempo,
+ES: tiempo, parte (de compás)
I: tempi,
F: temps,
D: Takt, Taktschlag, Zeit (im Takt),
@node breath mark
@section breath mark
+ES: respiración,
I: respiro,
F: respiration,
D: Atemzeichen, Trennungszeichen,
@node breve
@section breve
-ES: breve,
+ES: cuadrada, breve,
I: breve,
F: brève,
D: Brevis,
@node C clef
@section C clef
-ES: Clave de do,
+ES: clave de do,
I: chiave di do,
F: clé d'ut,
D: C-Schlüssel,
%\override TextScript #'font-style = #'large
<<
\context Staff \relative c'' {
+ \set Staff.extraNatural = ##f
<g b d>1
<g bes d>
<g bes des>
@node cluster
@section cluster
+ES: racimo.
+
A @emph{cluster} is a range of simultaneously sounding pitches that
may change over time. The set of available pitches to apply usually
depends on the acoustic source. Thus, in piano music, a cluster
@node comma
@section comma
+ES: coma, comma,
I: comma,
F: comma,
D: Komma,
@node complement
@section complement
+ES: intervalo invertido,
I: rivolto,
F: intervalle complémentaire,
D: Komplementärintervall,
composition methods.
@lilypond[fragment,staffsize=12,line-width=13.0\cm]
+\set Score.implicitTimeSignatureVisibility = #all-invisible
\override Score.TimeSignature #'break-visibility = #all-invisible
\context PianoStaff <<
\context Staff = SA \relative c' {
FI: cresendo, voimistuen.
Increasing volume. Indicated by a rightwards opening horizontal wedge or the
-abbreviation ``cresc.''.
+abbreviation @q{cresc.}.
@lilypond[fragment,ragged-right]
\key g \major \time 4/4
@node cue-notes
@section cue-notes
-ES: notas guia,
+ES: notas guía,
I: notine,
F: petites notes précédent l'entrée d'in instrument, réplique,
D: Stichnoten,
@node custos
@section custos
+F: guidon,
+D: Notenzeiger.
+
A custos is a staff symbol that appears at the end of a staff line
with monophonic musical contents (i.e., with a single voice). It
anticipates the pitch of the first note of the following line and thus
@node D
@section D
-ES: Re,
+ES: re,
I: re,
F: ré,
D: D, d,
FI: da capo, alusta.
The term indicates repetition of the piece from the beginning to the end or
-to a certain place marked @emph{fine}. Mostly abbreviated as ``D.C.''.
+to a certain place marked @emph{fine}. Mostly abbreviated as @q{D.C.}.
@node dal segno
@section dal segno
S: dal segno,
FI: dal segno, lähtien merkistä.
-Abbreviated ``d.s.''. Repetition, not from the beginning, but from
+Abbreviated @q{d.s.}. Repetition, not from the beginning, but from
another place frequently near the beginning marked by a sign:
@lilypond[fragment,ragged-right]
FI: decresendo, hiljentyen.
Decreasing tone volume. Indicated by a leftwards opening horizontal wedge
-or the abbreviation ``decresc.''.
+or the abbreviation @q{decresc.}.
@lilypond[fragment,ragged-right]
\relative c'' {
@node diminished interval
@section diminished interval
-ES: intervalo disminuído,
+ES: intervalo disminuido,
I: intervallo diminuito,
F: intervalle diminué,
D: vermindertes Intervall,
@node disjunct movement
@section disjunct movement
-ES: movimiendo disjunto,
+ES: movimiento disjunto,
I: moto disgiunto,
F: mouvement disjoint,
D: sprunghafte Bewegung,
@node dissonant interval
@section dissonant interval
-ES: intervalo disonante, disonancias,
+ES: intervalo disonante, disonancia,
I: intervallo dissonante, dissonanza,
F: dissonance,
D: Dissonanz,
@node dominant ninth chord
@section dominant ninth chord
+ES: acorde de novena de dominante,
I: accordo di nona di dominante,
F: accord de neuvième dominante,
D: Domi@-nant@-nonen@-akkord,
@node double bar line
@section double bar line
+ES: doble barra,
I: doppia barra,
F: double barre,
D: Doppelstrich,
@node double dotted note
@section double dotted note
-ES: nota con dos puntillos,
+ES: nota con doble puntillo,
I: nota doppiamente puntata,
F: note doublement pointée,
D: doppelt punktierte Note,
@node engraving
@section engraving
-ES: Grabar
+ES: grabar,
I: incisione,
F: gravure,
D: Notenstechen, Notendruck
@node enharmonic
@section enharmonic
-ES: enharmónico,
+ES: enarmónico,
I: enarmonico,
F: enharmonique,
D: enharmonisch,
@node equal temperament
@section equal temperament
-ES: ?,
+ES: temperamento igual,
I: temperamento equabile,
F: tempérament égal,
D: gleichschwebende Stimmung,
@node expression mark
@section expression mark
-ES: ?,
+ES: expresión,
I: segno d'espressione,
F: signe d'expression, indication de nuance,
D: Vortragszeichen,
@node F clef
@section F clef
-ES: Clave de Fa,
+ES: clave de fa,
I: chiave di fa,
F: clé de fa,
D: F-Schlüssel,
@node fermata
@section fermata
-ES: Calderón,
+ES: calderón,
I: corona,
-F: point d'orgue, point d'arr@^et,
+F: point d'orgue, point d'arrêt,
D: Fermate,
NL: fermate,
DK: fermat,
@node figured bass
@section figured bass
-ES: bajo cifrado, @aref{thorough bass}.
+@aref{thorough bass}.
@node fingering
@section fingering
@node G clef
@section G clef
-ES: Clave de sol,
+ES: clave de sol,
I: chiave di sol,
F: clé de sol,
D: G-Schlüssel, Violinschlüssel,
@node grace notes
@section grace notes
-ES: ?,
+ES: notas de adorno,
I: abbellimenti,
F: fioriture,
D: Verzierungen, Vorschläge, Vor@-schlags@-noten,
@node grand staff
@section grand staff
+ES: sistema de piano,
I: accolatura,
F: accolade,
D: Akkolade,
@node half rest
@section half rest
-ES: ?,
+ES: silencio de blanca,
I: pausa di minima,
F: demi-pause,
UK: minim rest,
\bar "|."
}
\lyrics {
- T S D T
+ T4 S D T
}
>>
>>
<g d'>_"fifth " s
<g e'>_"sixth " s
<g g'>_"octave " s
- <g b'>_"decime" s s
+ <g b'>_"tenth" s s
}
@end lilypond
}
\context Lyrics \lyrics {
"seventh " "seventh " "seventh " "octave "
- "none " "none " "decime " "decime"
+ "ninth " "ninth " "tenth " "tenth"
}
>>
@end lilypond
@node just intonation
@section just intonation
+ES: entonación justa,
I: intonazione giusta,
F: intonation juste,
D: reine Stimmung,
@node key signature
@section key signature
-ES: armadura de clave,
+ES: armadura (de la clave),
I: armatura di chiave,
F: armure, armature [de la clé],
D: Vorzeichen, Tonart,
FI: johtosävel.
The seventh @aref{scale degree}, a @aref{semitone} below
-the tonic; so called because of its strong tendency to ``lead up'' (resolve
+the tonic; so called because of its strong tendency to @q{lead up} (resolve
upwards) to the tonic scale degree.
@node ledger line
@section ledger line
-ES: líneas adicionales,
+ES: línea adicional,
I: tagli addizionali,
F: ligne supplémentaire,
D: Hilfslinie,
@node legato
@section legato
-ES: ligado,
+ES: legato,
I: legato,
F: legato, lié,
D: legato,
c4-. d-. e-. \bar "||"
}
\lyrics {
- a1
+ a2.
b
c
d
@node lilypond
@section lilypond
-ES: estanque de lilas,
+ES: estanque de nenúfares,
I: stagno del giglio,
F: étang de lis,
UK: lily pond,
@node ligature
@section ligature
+ES: ligadura
+
A ligature is a coherent graphical symbol that represents at least two
distinct notes. Ligatures originally appeared in the manuscripts of
Gregorian chant notation roughly since the 9th century to denote
@node lyrics
@section lyrics
-ES: .,
+ES: letra (de la canción),
I: .,
-F: .,
+F: paroles,
D: Liedtext,
NL: liedtekst,
DK: .,
@node meantone temperament
@section meantone temperament
+ES: afinación mesotónica,
I: accordatura mesotonica,
F: tempérament mésotonique,
D: mitteltönige Stimmung,
@node melisma
@section melisma
+ES: melisma,
+F: mélisme,
NL: melisma,
FI: melisma, laulettavan tavun sävelkuvio.
ES: compás,
I: tempo, metro,
-F: indication de mésure,
+F: indication de mesure, mesure,
D: Taktart, Metrum,
NL: maatsoort,
DK: taktart,
@node mezzo-soprano
@section mezzo-soprano
-ES: mezzo soprano,
+ES: mezzosoprano,
I: mezzo-soprano,
F: mezzo-soprano,
D: Mezzosopran,
@node minor interval
@section minor interval
-ES: intervalo mayor,
+ES: intervalo menor,
I: intervallo minore,
F: intervalle mineur,
D: kleines Intervall,
@node motive
@section motive
-ES: tema,
+ES: motivo,
I: inciso,
F: incise,
D: Motiv,
The briefest intelligible and self-contained fragment of a musical theme or
subject.
-@lilypond[fragment,line-width=13.0\cm]
-\override Score.TimeSignature #'break-visibility = #all-invisible
-%\override Score.TextScript #'font-style = #'large
+@lilypond[line-width=13.0\cm]
+\score{
\relative c'' {
+ \set Score.implicitTimeSignatureVisibility = #all-invisible
+ \override Score.TimeSignature #'break-visibility = #all-invisible
\time 4/4
\key g \major
- \partial 8 g16_"------" fis |
- g8 d16_"------" c d8 g16 fis g8 b,16 a b8 g'16 fis |
+ \partial 8 g16\startGroup fis |
+ g8\stopGroup d16\startGroup c d8\stopGroup g16 fis g8 b,16 a b8 g'16 fis |
g8 g,16 a b8 cis d16 s
}
+\layout {
+ \context {
+ \Staff \consists "Horizontal_bracket_engraver"
+}}
+}
@end lilypond
@node movement
@node note head
@section note head
-ES: oval,
+ES: cabeza,
I: testa, testina, capocchia,
-F: t@^ete de la note,
+F: tête de la note,
D: Notenkopf,
NL: nootballetje,
DK: nodehovede,
@node note value
@section note value
-ES: valor,
+ES: valor (duración),
I: valore, durata,
F: durée, valeur (d'une note),
D: Notenwert,
or voice. 2.@tie{}in contrapuntal music @aref{counterpoint} the single
melodic line of the contrapunctal web.
+@node pause
+@section pause
+
+@ref{fermata}
+
@node pennant
@section pennant
@node Pythagorean comma
@section Pythagorean comma
-ES: coma pitagórico,
+ES: coma pitagórica,
I: comma pitagorico,
F: comma pythagoricien,
D: Pythagoräisches Komma,
@node quintuplet
@section quintuplet
-ES: quintillo,
+ES: cinquillo,
I: quintina,
F: quintolet,
D: Quintole,
@node relative key
@section relative key
-ES: relativa,
+ES: relativo,
I: tonalità relativa,
F: tonalité relative,
D: Paralleltonart,
@node repeat
@section repeat
-ES: barra de repetición,
+ES: repetición,
I: ritornello,
F: barre de reprise,
D: Wiederholung,
@node ritardando
@section ritardando
-ES: retardando,
+ES: ritardando,
I: ritardando,
F: ritardando,
D: Ritardando, langsamer werden,
@node scale degree
@section scale degree
-ES: grados de la escala,
+ES: grado (de la escala),
I: grado della scala,
F: degré [de la gamme],
D: Tonleiterstufe,
@node sextuplet
@section sextuplet
+ES: seisillo,
I: sestina,
F: sextolet,
D: Sextole,
@node sixteenth rest
@section sixteenth rest
-ES: silencia de semicorchea,
+ES: silencio de semicorchea,
I: pausa di semicroma,
F: quart de soupir,
UK: semiquaver rest,
@node sixty-fourth rest
@section sixty-fourth rest
-ES: silencia de semifusa,
+ES: silencio de semifusa,
I: pausa di semibiscroma,
F: seizième de soupir,
UK: hemidemisemiquaver rest,
@node slur
@section slur
-ES: ligadura,
+ES: ligadura (de expresión),
I: legatura (di portamento or espressiva),
F: liaison, coulé,
D: Bogen, Legatobogen, Phrasierungsbogen,
@node solmization
@section solmization
+ES: solmisación,
I: solmisazione,
F: solmisation,
D: Solmisation,
falls into three sections called @emph{exposition}, @emph{development} and
@emph{recapitulation}. In the exposition the composer introduces some musical
ideas, consisting of a number of themes; in the development section the
-composer `develops' this material, and in the recapitulation the composer
+composer @q{develops} this material, and in the recapitulation the composer
repeats the exposition, with certain modifications. The exposition contains a
number of themes that fall into two groups, often called first and second
subject. Other melodies occurring in each group are considered as
@node staccato
@section staccato
-ES: staccato,
+ES: picado,
I: staccato,
F: staccato, piqué, détaché,
D: Staccato,
@node submediant
@section submediant
-ES: superdominante,
+ES: submediante,
I: sopratonica,
F: sous-médiante,
D: Submediante,
@node subtonic
@section subtonic
-ES: sensible,
+ES: subtónica,
I: sottotonica,
F: sous-tonique,
D: Subtonika,
@node syncopation
@section syncopation
-ES: sincopado,
+ES: síncopa,
I: sincope,
F: syncope,
D: Synkope,
@node syntonic comma
@section syntonic comma
+ES: coma sintónica,
I: comma sintonico (o didimico),
F: comma syntonique,
D: syntonisches Komma,
@node system
@section system
+ES: sistema,
I: accollatura,
F: système,
D: Notensystem,
ES: indicación de tempo,
I: indicazione di tempo,
-F: indication de temps,
+F: indication de tempo,
D: Zeitmaß, Tempobezeichnung,
NL: tempo aanduiding,
DK: tempobetegelse,
@node tenuto
@section tenuto
-ES: tenuto,
+ES: subrayado (tenuto),
I: tenuto,
F: tenue, tenuto,
D: gehalten, tenuo,
ES: bajo cifrado,
I: basso continuo, basso numerato,
-F: basse chiffrée,
+F: basse chiffrée, basse continue,
D: Generalbass, bezifferter Bass,
NL: basso continuo, becijferde bas
DK: generalbas,
@node time signature
@section time signature
-ES: cifra indicadora de compás,
+ES: indicación de compás,
I: segni di tempo,
-F: chiffrage (chiffres indicateurs), signe de valeur,
+F: chiffrage (chiffres indicateurs), signe de valeur, indication de mesure,
D: Taktangabe, Angabe der Taktart,
NL: maatsoort,
DK: taktangivelse,
@node tone
@section tone
-ES: sonido,
+ES: tono,
I: suono,
F: ton,
D: Ton,
@node tonic
@section tonic
-ES: tonica,
+ES: tónica,
I: tonica,
F: tonique,
D: Tonika,
@node transposition
@section transposition
-ES: transposición,
+ES: transporte,
I: trasposizione,
F: transposition,
D: Transposition,
@node tremolo
@section tremolo
-ES: tremolo,
+ES: trémolo,
I: tremolo,
F: trémolo,
D: Tremolo,
@node triple meter
@section triple meter
-ES: compás compuesto,
+ES: compás ternario,
I: tempo ternario,
F: mesure ternaire,
D: in drei,
@node tritone
@section tritone
-ES: trítono,
+ES: tritono,
I: tritono,
F: triton,
D: Tritonus,
@node turn
@section turn
-ES: grupo,
+ES: grupeto,
I: gruppetto,
F: grupetto,
D: Doppelschlag,
@node upbeat
@section upbeat
-ES: entrada anacrúsica,
+ES: anacrusa,
I: anacrusi,
F: anacrouse, levée,
D: Auftakt,
@node whole tone
@section whole tone
-ES: tono,
+ES: tono (entero),
I: tono intero,
F: ton entier,
D: Ganzton,
@item
@tab brevis
@tab brevis
- @tab breve
+ @tab cuadrada
@item
@item
-@item @strong{c-sharp} @tab do diesis @tab do diesis @tab ut dièse @tab
+@item @strong{c-sharp} @tab do sostenido @tab do diesis @tab ut dièse @tab
Cis @tab cis @tab
cis @tab cis @tab cis
@item
-@item @strong{d-flat} @tab re bemolle @tab re bemolle @tab ré bémol @tab
+@item @strong{d-flat} @tab re bemol @tab re bemolle @tab ré bémol @tab
Des @tab des @tab
des @tab des @tab des
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff