version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details.
@end ignore
-@c \version "2.11.38"
-
-@c Andrew's TODO List
-@c references - first pass complete
-@c manual changes - first pass complete
-@c automatic changes - first pass complete
-@c staff-change lines - started
-@c cross-staff stems
-@c pedals
-@c accordian discant symbols
+@c \version "2.11.51"
@node Keyboard instruments
@section Keyboard instruments
+@lilypondfile[quote]{keyboard-headword.ly}
+
+This section discusses several aspects of music notation that are unique
+to keyboard instruments.
+
@menu
* Common notation for keyboards::
* Piano::
@node Common notation for keyboards
@subsection Common notation for keyboards
+This section discusses notation issues that may arise for most keyboard
+instruments.
+
@menu
* References for keyboards::
* Changing staff manually::
@end menu
@node References for keyboards
-@subsubsection References for keyboards
+@unnumberedsubsubsec References for keyboards
Keyboard instruments are usually notated with Piano staves. These
are two or more normal staves coupled with a brace. The same
@end itemize
-@snippets
-@c @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
-@c {creating-slurs-across-voices.ly}
-
@seealso
Learning Manual:
@knownissues
-Dynamics are not centered, but workarounds do exist. See the
-@q{piano centered dynamics} template in @rlearning{Piano templates}.
-
+Dynamics are not automatically centered, but workarounds do exist. One
+option is the @q{piano centered dynamics} template under
+@rlearning{Piano templates}; another option is to increase the
+@code{staff-padding} of dynamics as discussed in @rlearning{Moving
+objects}.
@node Changing staff manually
-@subsubsection Changing staff manually
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Changing staff manually
@cindex changing staff manually
@cindex manual staff changes
\change Staff = up
}
\new Staff = "down" {
- \clef "bass"
+ \clef bass
s1 % keep staff alive
}
>>
@node Changing staff automatically
-@subsubsection Changing staff automatically
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Changing staff automatically
@cindex changing staff automatically
@cindex automatic staff changes
}
\new Staff = "down" {
\key g \major
- \clef "bass"
+ \clef bass
}
>>
@end lilypond
@seealso
-Notation Reference: @ref{Changing staff manually}.
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Changing staff manually}.
-Internals Reference: @rinternals{AutoChangeMusic}.
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Keyboards}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{AutoChangeMusic}.
@knownissues
The staff switches may not end up in optimal places. For high
quality output, staff switches should be specified manually.
-Chords will not be split across the staves; the staff will be
-chosen by the first note named in the chord.
-
+Chords will not be split across the staves; they will be assigned to a
+staff based on the first note named in the chord construct.
@node Staff-change lines
-@subsubsection Staff-change lines
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Staff-change lines
@cindex staff-change lines
@cindex cross-staff lines
@funindex followVoice
Whenever a voice switches to another staff, a line connecting the
-notes can be printed automatically. This is switched on by
-setting @code{followVoice} to true, or by the shorthand commands
-@code{\showStaffSwitch} and @code{\hideStaffSwitch}.
+notes can be printed automatically:
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=1,verbatim]
\new PianoStaff <<
- \new Staff="one" {
+ \new Staff = "one" {
\showStaffSwitch
c1
\change Staff=two
b2 a
}
- \new Staff="two" { \clef bass s1*2 }
+ \new Staff = "two" { \clef bass s1*2 }
>>
@end lilypond
-@seealso
-
-Internals Reference: @rinternals{VoiceFollower}.
-
@predefined
@funindex \showStaffSwitch
-@code{\showStaffSwitch},
@funindex \hideStaffSwitch
-@code{\hideStaffSwitch}.
+@code{\showStaffSwitch}, @code{\hideStaffSwitch}.
+
+@seealso
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Keyboards}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{VoiceFollower}.
@node Cross-staff stems
-@subsubsection Cross-staff stems
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Cross-staff stems
+
+@cindex cross-staff notes
+@cindex notes, cross-staff
+@cindex cross-staff stems
+@cindex stems, cross-staff
Chords that cross staves may be produced by increasing the length
of the stem in the lower staff, so it reaches the stem in the upper
staff, or vice versa.
@lilypond[ragged-right,verbatim,quote]
-stemExtend = {
- \once \override Stem #'length = #10
- \once \override Stem #'cross-staff = ##t
-}
-noFlag = \once \override Stem #'flag-style = #'no-flag
\new PianoStaff <<
- \new Staff {
- \stemDown \stemExtend
- f'4
- \stemExtend \noFlag
- f'8
+ \new Staff \relative c' {
+ f8 e4 d8 <f bes,>2
}
- \new Staff {
- \clef bass
- a4 a8
+ \new Staff \relative c' {
+ << {
+ \clef bass
+ \stemUp
+ \override Stem #'length = #12
+ \override Stem #'cross-staff = ##t
+ \override Stem #'flag-style = #'no-flag
+ a8 g4 f8
+ } \\
+ { f,2 d' }
+ >>
}
>>
@end lilypond
+@snippets
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+{indicating-cross-staff-chords-with-arpeggio-bracket.ly}
+
+@seealso
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Keyboards}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{Stem}
+
@node Piano
@subsection Piano
+This section discusses notation issues that relate most directly to the
+piano.
+
@menu
* Piano pedals::
@end menu
@node Piano pedals
-@subsubsection Piano pedals
-@cindex Pedals
-
-Pianos have pedals that alter the way sound is produced. Generally, a
-piano has three pedals, sustain, una corda, and sostenuto.
-
-
-Piano pedal instruction can be expressed by attaching
-@code{\sustainDown}, @code{\sustainUp}, @code{\unaCorda},
-@code{\treCorde}, @code{\sostenutoDown} and @code{\sostenutoUp} to a
-note or chord
-
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
-c'4\sustainDown c'4\sustainUp
-@end lilypond
-
-What is printed can be modified by setting @code{pedal@var{X}Strings},
-where @var{X} is one of the pedal types: @code{Sustain},
-@code{Sostenuto} or @code{UnaCorda}. Refer to
-@rinternals{SustainPedal} in the program reference for more
-information.
-
-Pedals can also be indicated by a sequence of brackets, by setting the
-@code{pedalSustainStyle} property to bracket objects
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Piano pedals
+@cindex piano pedals
+@cindex pedals, piano
+@cindex sustain pedal
+@cindex sostenuto pedal
+@cindex una corde
+@cindex tre corde
+@funindex \sustainOn
+@funindex \sustainOff
+@funindex \sostenutoOn
+@funindex \sostenutoOff
+@funindex \unaCorda
+@funindex \treCorde
+
+Pianos generally have three pedals that alter the way sound is
+produced: @notation{sustain}, @notation{sostenuto}
+(@notation{sos.}), and @notation{una corde} (@notation{U.C.}).
+Sustain pedals are also found on vibraphones and celestas.
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
-\set Staff.pedalSustainStyle = #'bracket
-c\sustainDown d e
-b\sustainUp\sustainDown
-b g \sustainUp a \sustainDown \bar "|."
+c4\sustainOn d e g
+<c, f a>1\sustainOff
+c4\sostenutoOn e g c,
+<bes d f>1\sostenutoOff
+c4\unaCorda d e g
+<d fis a>1\treCorde
@end lilypond
-A third style of pedal notation is a mixture of text and brackets,
-obtained by setting the @code{pedalSustainStyle} property to
-@code{mixed}
+There are three styles of pedal indications: text, bracket, and mixed.
+The sustain pedal and the una corda pedal use the text style by default
+while the sostenuto pedal uses mixed by default.
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
+c4\sustainOn g c2\sustainOff
\set Staff.pedalSustainStyle = #'mixed
-c\sustainDown d e
-b\sustainUp\sustainDown
-b g \sustainUp a \sustainDown \bar "|."
-@end lilypond
-
-The default @q{*Ped.} style for sustain and damper pedals corresponds to
-style @code{#'text}. The sostenuto pedal uses @code{mixed} style by
-default.
-
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
-c\sostenutoDown d e c, f g a\sostenutoUp
+c4\sustainOn g c d
+d\sustainOff\sustainOn g, c2\sustainOff
+\set Staff.pedalSustainStyle = #'bracket
+c4\sustainOn g c d
+d\sustainOff\sustainOn g, c2
+\bar "|."
@end lilypond
-For fine-tuning the appearance of a pedal bracket, the properties
-@code{edge-width}, @code{edge-height}, and @code{shorten-pair} of
-@code{PianoPedalBracket} objects (see
-@rinternals{PianoPedalBracket} in the Internals Reference) can be
-modified. For example, the bracket may be extended to the right edge
-of the note head
+The placement of the pedal commands matches the physical movement of the
+sustain pedal during piano performance. Pedalling to the final bar line
+is indicated by omitting the final pedal up command.
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
-\override Staff.PianoPedalBracket #'shorten-pair = #'(0 . -1.0)
-c\sostenutoDown d e c, f g a\sostenutoUp
-@end lilypond
-
-@noindent
-Note that overrides must be placed before the note at which the
-pedal bracket starts.
+@seealso
-@c TODO Check relative positions of the sustain pedal and
-@c dynamics are correct (they collided in 2.11.44).
-@c Give example showing this.
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Ties}.
-@seealso
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Keyboards}.
-Notation Reference: @ref{Ties} (laissez vibrer).
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{SustainPedal},
+@rinternals{SustainPedalLineSpanner},
+@rinternals{SostenutoPedal},
+@rinternals{SostenutoPedalLineSpanner},
+@rinternals{UnaCordaPedal},
+@rinternals{UnaCordaPedalLineSpanner},
+@rinternals{PianoPedalBracket},
+@rinternals{Piano_pedal_engraver}.
@node Accordion
@subsection Accordion
+This section discusses notation that is unique to the accordion.
+
@menu
* Discant symbols::
@end menu
@node Discant symbols
-@subsubsection Discant symbols
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Discant symbols
+@cindex accordion discant symbols
+@cindex discant symbols, accordion
+@cindex accordion shifts
+
+Accordions are often built with more than one set of reeds that may be
+in unison with, an octave above, or an octave below the written pitch.
+Each accordion maker has different names for the @notation{shifts} that
+select the various reed combinations, such as @notation{oboe},
+@notation{musette}, or @notation{bandonium}, so a system of symbols has
+come into use to simplify the performance instructions.
+
+@snippets
+
+@c FIXME: Neil, uncomment when fixed.
+@c @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@c {accordion-discant-symbols.ly}
-@c TODO Add text from -user and lsr 194
-TBC
+@seealso
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Keyboards}.
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff