@c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
@c This file is part of lilypond.tely
-@c A menu is needed before every deeper *section nesting of @node's; run
+@c A menu is needed before every deeper *section nesting of @node's; run
@c M-x texinfo-all-menus-update
@c to automatically fill in these menus before saving changes
@cindex staff switching
@cindex cross staff
-@cindex @code{followVoice}
+@funindex followVoice
Whenever a voice switches to another staff, a line connecting the notes
can be printed automatically. This is switched on by setting
@refcommands
-@cindex @code{\showStaffSwitch}
+@funindex \showStaffSwitch
@code{\showStaffSwitch},
-@cindex @code{\hideStaffSwitch}
+@funindex \hideStaffSwitch
@code{\hideStaffSwitch}.
@end lilypond
@cindex modifiers, in chords.
-@cindex @code{aug}
-@cindex @code{dim}
-@cindex @code{maj}
-@cindex @code{sus}
-@cindex @code{m}
+@funindex aug
+@funindex dim
+@funindex maj
+@funindex sus
+@funindex m
Since an unaltered 11 does not sound good when combined with an
unaltered 3, the 11 is removed in this case (unless it is added
\chordmode { c:13 c:13.11 c:m13 }
@end lilypond
-@cindex @code{/}
+@funindex /
An inversion (putting one pitch of the chord on the bottom), as well
as bass notes, can be specified by appending
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
\chordmode { c1 c/g c/f }
@end lilypond
-@cindex @code{/+}
+@funindex /+
A bass note can be added instead transposed out of the chord,
by using @code{/+}@var{pitch}.
following properties
@table @code
-@cindex @code{chordNameExceptions}
+@funindex chordNameExceptions
@item chordNameExceptions
This is a list that contains the chords that have special formatting.
@cindex exceptions, chord names.
-@cindex @code{majorSevenSymbol}
+@funindex majorSevenSymbol
@item majorSevenSymbol
This property contains the markup object used for the 7th step, when
it is major. Predefined options are @code{whiteTriangleMarkup} and
@code{blackTriangleMarkup}. See
@inputfileref{input/@/regression,chord@/-name@/-major7@/.ly} for an example.
-@cindex @code{chordNameSeparator}
+@funindex chordNameSeparator
@item chordNameSeparator
Different parts of a chord name are normally separated by a
slash. By setting @code{chordNameSeparator}, you can specify other
}
@end lilypond
-@cindex @code{chordRootNamer}
+@funindex chordRootNamer
@item chordRootNamer
The root of a chord is usually printed as a letter with an optional
alteration. The transformation from pitch to letter is done by this
function. Special note names (for example, the German ``H'' for a
B-chord) can be produced by storing a new function in this property.
-@cindex @code{chordNoteNamer}
+@funindex chordNoteNamer
@item chordNoteNamer
The default is to print single pitch, e.g., the bass note, using the
@code{chordRootNamer}. The @code{chordNoteNamer} property can be set
to a specialized function to change this behavior. For example, the
base can be printed in lower case.
-@cindex @code{chordPrefixSpacer}
+@funindex chordPrefixSpacer
@item chordPrefixSpacer
-The ``m'' for minor chords is usually printed right after the root of
-the chord. By setting @code{chordPrefixSpacer}, you can fix a spacer
+The ``m'' for minor chords is usually printed right after the root of
+the chord. By setting @code{chordPrefixSpacer}, you can fix a spacer
between the root and ``m''. The spacer is not used when the root
is altered.
@end table
The predefined variables @code{\germanChords},
-@code{\semiGermanChords}, @code{\italianChords} and @code{\frenchChords}
+@code{\semiGermanChords}, @code{\italianChords} and @code{\frenchChords}
set these variables. The effect is
demonstrated here,
@refcommands
-@cindex @code{\germanChords}
+@funindex \germanChords
@code{\germanChords},
-@cindex @code{\semiGermanChords}
+@funindex \semiGermanChords
@code{\semiGermanChords}.
-@cindex @code{\italianChords}
+@funindex \italianChords
@code{\italianChords}.
-@cindex @code{\frenchChords}
+@funindex \frenchChords
@code{\frenchChords}.
@commonprop
-Checking to make sure that text scripts and lyrics are within the margins is a relatively large computational task. To speed up processing, lilypond does not perform such calculations by default; to enable it, use
+Checking to make sure that text scripts and lyrics are within the margins is
+a relatively large computational task. To speed up processing, lilypond does
+not perform such calculations by default; to enable it, use
@example
-\override Score.PaperColumn #'keep-inside-line = ##t
+\override Score.PaperColumn #'keep-inside-line = ##t
@end example
To make lyrics avoid barlines as well, use
\addlyrics { joue le jeu }
@end lilypond
-The command @code{\addlyrics} cannot handle polyphony settings. For these cases you should use @code{\lyricsto} and @code{\lyricmode}.
+The command @code{\addlyrics} cannot handle polyphony settings. For these
+cases you should use @code{\lyricsto} and @code{\lyricmode}.
@subsection Entering lyrics
@cindex lyrics
-@cindex @code{\lyricmode}
+@funindex \lyricmode
@cindex punctuation
Lyrics are entered in a special input mode. This mode is introduced
the lyrics to a melody or other voice of music, using @code{\addlyrics}
or @code{\lyricsto}. For more details see @ref{The Lyrics context}.
-A word or syllable of lyrics begins with an alphabetic character, and ends with
+A word or syllable of lyrics begins with an alphabetic character, and ends
+with
any space or digit. The following characters can be any character
that is not a digit or white space. One important consequence of this
is that a word can end with @code{@}}. The following example is
-usually a mistake in the input file. The syllable includes a @code{@}}, so the
+usually a mistake in the input file. The syllable includes a @code{@}}, so
+the
opening brace is not balanced
@example
\lyricmode @{ twinkle@}
@end example
-@cindex @code{\property}, in @code{\lyricmode}
+@funindex \property, in @code{\lyricmode
@noindent
Similarly, a period which follows an alphabetic sequence is included in
the resulting string. As a consequence, spaces must be inserted around
\override Score . LyricText #'font-shape = #'italic
@end example
-@cindex @code{_}
+@funindex _
@cindex spaces, in lyrics
@cindex quotes, in lyrics
@node The Lyrics context
@subsection The Lyrics context
-Lyrics are printed by interpreting them in the context caleld @internalsref{Lyrics}.
+Lyrics are printed by interpreting them in the context caleld
+@internalsref{Lyrics}.
@example
\new Lyrics \lyricmode @dots{}
@end example
@cindex automatic syllable durations
-@cindex @code{\lyricsto}
+@funindex \lyricsto
@cindex lyrics and melodies
This will place the lyrics according to the durations that were
The following example uses different commands for entering lyrics.
@lilypond[quote,fragment,ragged-right,verbatim]
-<<
+<<
\new Voice = "one" \relative c'' {
\autoBeamOff
\time 2/4
- c4 b8. a16 g4. f8 e4 d c2
+ c4 b8. a16 g4. f8 e4 d c2
}
\new Lyrics \lyricmode { Joy4 to8. the16 world!4. the8 Lord4 is come.2 }
\new Lyrics \lyricmode { Joy to the earth! the Sav -- our reigns. }
@example
verseOne = \lyricmode @{ Joy to the world the Lord is come @}
\score @{
- <<
+ <<
\new Voice = "one" \relative c'' @{
\autoBeamOff
\time 2/4
- c4 b8. a16 g4. f8 e4 d c2
+ c4 b8. a16 g4. f8 e4 d c2
@}
\addlyrics @{ \verseOne @}
>>
The @code{\addlyrics} command is actually just a convenient way
to write a more complicated LilyPond structure that sets up the
-lyrics.
+lyrics.
@example
@{ MUSIC @}
@refcommands
@code{\melisma}, @code{\melismaEnd}
-@cindex @code{\melismaEnd}
-@cindex @code{\melisma}
+@funindex \melismaEnd
+@funindex \melisma
@seealso
@end menu
@node Lyrics to multiple notes of a melisma
-@subsubsection Lyrics to multiple notes of a melisma
+@subsubsection Lyrics to multiple notes of a melisma
One possibility is that the text has a melisma in one stanza, but
It is also possible to define melismata entirely in the lyrics. This
can be done by entering @code{_} for every note that is part of the
-melisma.
+melisma.
-@lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,fragment]
+@lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,fragment]
{ \set melismaBusyProperties = #'()
c d( e) f f( e) e e }
\addlyrics
LyricSpace.
@lilypond[relative,verbatim,fragment,quote,ragged-right]
-{
+{
c c c c
\override Lyrics.LyricSpace #'minimum-distance = #1.0
c c c c
}
@end lilypond
-To make this change for all lyrics in the score, set the property in the layout.
+To make this change for all lyrics in the score, set the property in the
+layout.
@lilypond[relative,verbatim,quote,ragged-right]
\score {
@seealso
-Program reference: @internalsref{LyricText}, @internalsref{StanzaNumber}, @internalsref{VocalName}.
+Program reference: @internalsref{LyricText}, @internalsref{StanzaNumber},
+@internalsref{VocalName}.
@cindex String numbers
String numbers can be added to chords, by indicating the string number
-with @code{\}@var{number},
+with @code{\}@var{number},
@lilypond[relative,relative=1,ragged-right,fragment]
<c\1 e\2 g\3>
}
@end lilypond
-@cindex @code{minimumFret}
+@funindex minimumFret
@cindex fret
When no string is specified, the first string that does not give a
\set TabStaff.stringTunings = #bass-tuning
@end example
-The default string tuning is @code{guitar-tuning} (the standard EADGBE tuning).
+The default string tuning is @code{guitar-tuning} (the standard EADGBE
+tuning).
Some other predefined tunings are @code{guitar-open-g-tuning},
@code{mandolin-tuning} and @code{banjo-open-g-tuning}.
@seealso
-The file @file{scm/@/output@/-lib@/.scm} contains the predefined string tunings.
+The file @file{scm/@/output@/-lib@/.scm} contains the predefined string
+tunings.
Program reference: @internalsref{Tab_note_heads_engraver}.
@refbugs
@cindex Banjo tablatures
LilyPond has basic support for five stringed banjo. When making tablatures
-for five stringed banjo, use the banjo tablature format function to get correct
+for five stringed banjo, use the banjo tablature format function to get
+correct
fret numbers for the fifth string:
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
@end lilypond
-Stopped (X) note heads are used in guitar music to signal a place where the
-guitarist must play a certain note or chord, with its fingers just
-touching the strings instead of fully pressing them. This gives the sound a
+Stopped (X) note heads are used in guitar music to signal a place where the
+guitarist must play a certain note or chord, with its fingers just
+touching the strings instead of fully pressing them. This gives the sound a
percussive noise-like sound that still maintains part of the original
pitch. It is notated with cross noteheads; this is
demonstrated in @ref{Special noteheads}.
{ \grg G4 \grg a \grg b \grg c \grg d \grg e \grg f \grA g A }
@end lilypond
-Bagpipe music nominally uses the key of D Major (even though that
-isn't really true). However, since that is the only key that can be used,
-the key signature is normally not written out. To set this up correctly,
-always start your music with @code{\hideKeySignature}. If you for some
+Bagpipe music nominally uses the key of D Major (even though that
+isn't really true). However, since that is the only key that can be used,
+the key signature is normally not written out. To set this up correctly,
+always start your music with @code{\hideKeySignature}. If you for some
reason want to show the key signature, you can use @code{\showKeySignature}
instead.
Some modern music use cross fingering on c and f to flatten those notes.
This can be indicated by @code{cflat} or @code{fflat}. Similarly, the
-piobaireachd high g can be written @code{gflat} when it occurs in light
+piobaireachd high g can be written @code{gflat} when it occurs in light
music.
{
\hideKeySignature
\time 3/4
- \grg \partial 4 a8. d16
+ \grg \partial 4 a8. d16
\slurd d2 \grg f8[ e32 d16.]
\grg f2 \grg f8 e
\thrwd d2 \grg b4
@seealso
-In this manual: @ref{Rests} gives a general introduction into the use of rests.
+In this manual: @ref{Rests} gives a general introduction into the use of
+rests.
@node Ancient clefs
{
\set Score.timing = ##f
\set Score.barAlways = ##t
- s_\markup { "\\time 4/4" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural44" }
+ s_\markup { "\\time 4/4" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph
+#"timesig.neomensural44" }
s
- s_\markup { "\\time 2/2" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural22" }
+ s_\markup { "\\time 2/2" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph
+#"timesig.neomensural22" }
s
- s_\markup { "\\time 6/4" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural64" }
+ s_\markup { "\\time 6/4" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph
+#"timesig.neomensural64" }
s
- s_\markup { "\\time 6/8" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural68" }
+ s_\markup { "\\time 6/8" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph
+#"timesig.neomensural68" }
\break
- s_\markup { "\\time 3/2" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural32" }
+ s_\markup { "\\time 3/2" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph
+#"timesig.neomensural32" }
s
- s_\markup { "\\time 3/4" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural34" }
+ s_\markup { "\\time 3/4" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph
+#"timesig.neomensural34" }
s
- s_\markup { "\\time 9/4" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural94" }
+ s_\markup { "\\time 9/4" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph
+#"timesig.neomensural94" }
s
- s_\markup { "\\time 9/8" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural98" }
+ s_\markup { "\\time 9/8" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph
+#"timesig.neomensural98" }
\break
- s_\markup { "\\time 4/8" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural48" }
+ s_\markup { "\\time 4/8" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph
+#"timesig.neomensural48" }
s
- s_\markup { "\\time 2/4" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural24" }
+ s_\markup { "\\time 2/4" }^\markup { " " \musicglyph
+#"timesig.neomensural24" }
}
@end lilypond
@refcommands
-@cindex @code{\virgula}
+@funindex \virgula
@code{\virgula},
-@cindex @code{\caesura}
+@funindex \caesura
@code{\caesura},
-@cindex @code{\divisioMinima}
+@funindex \divisioMinima
@code{\divisioMinima},
-@cindex @code{\divisioMaior}
+@funindex \divisioMaior
@code{\divisioMaior},
-@cindex @code{\divisioMaxima}
+@funindex \divisioMaxima
@code{\divisioMaxima},
-@cindex @code{\finalis}
+@funindex \finalis
@code{\finalis}.
@seealso
The following head prefixes are supported
-@cindex @code{\virga}
+@funindex \virga
@code{\virga},
-@cindex @code{\stropha}
+@funindex \stropha
@code{\stropha},
-@cindex @code{\inclinatum}
+@funindex \inclinatum
@code{\inclinatum},
-@cindex @code{\auctum}
+@funindex \auctum
@code{\auctum},
-@cindex @code{\descendens}
+@funindex \descendens
@code{\descendens},
-@cindex @code{\ascendens}
+@funindex \ascendens
@code{\ascendens},
-@cindex @code{\oriscus}
+@funindex \oriscus
@code{\oriscus},
-@cindex @code{\quilisma}
+@funindex \quilisma
@code{\quilisma},
-@cindex @code{\deminutum}
+@funindex \deminutum
@code{\deminutum},
-@cindex @code{\cavum}
+@funindex \cavum
@code{\cavum},
-@cindex @code{\linea}
+@funindex \linea
@code{\linea}.
Head prefixes can be accumulated, though restrictions apply. For
example, either @code{\descendens} or @code{\ascendens} can be applied
to a head, but not both to the same head.
-@cindex @code{\pes}
-@cindex @code{\flexa}
+@funindex \pes
+@funindex \flexa
Two adjacent heads can be tied together with the @code{\pes} and
@code{\flexa} infix commands for a rising and falling line of melody,
respectively.
Support for such suggested accidentals is included, and can be
switched on by setting @code{suggestAccidentals} to true.
-@cindex @code{suggestAccidentals}
+@funindex suggestAccidentals
@lilypond[verbatim,fragment,relative=1]
fis gis
\set suggestAccidentals = ##t
ais bis
-@end lilypond
+@end lilypond
@seealso
c4 c c
}
\figures {
- \set useBassFigureExtenders = ##t
+ \set useBassFigureExtenders = ##t
<4 6> <3 6> <3 7>
}
>>
@noindent
In this case, the extender lines always replace existing figures.
-
+
The @code{FiguredBass} context doesn't pay attention to the actual
bass line. As a consequence, you may have to insert extra figures to
get extender lines below all notes, and you may have to add @code{\!}
@lilypond[relative=1]
<<
- \new Voice
+ \new Voice
\figures {
- \set useBassFigureExtenders = ##t
+ \set useBassFigureExtenders = ##t
<6 4->4. <6 4->16. <6 4->32 <5>8. r16 <6>8 <6\! 5->
}
{
When using continuation lines, common figures are always put in the
same vertical position. When this is unwanted, you can insert a rest
with @code{r}. The rest will clear any previous alignment. For
-example, you can write
+example, you can write
@example
<4 6>8 r8
@end example
@noindent
-instead of
+instead of
@example
<4 6>4
@end example
Accidentals and plus signs can appear before or after the numbers,
-depending on the @code{figuredBassAlterationDirection} and @code{figuredBassPlusDirection}
+depending on the @code{figuredBassAlterationDirection} and
+@code{figuredBassPlusDirection}
properties
@lilypond
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff