@cindex staff switching
@cindex cross staff
-@funindex followVoice
+@findex followVoice
Whenever a voice switches to another staff, a line connecting the notes
can be printed automatically. This is switched on by setting
@refcommands
-@funindex \showStaffSwitch
+@findex \showStaffSwitch
@code{\showStaffSwitch},
-@funindex \hideStaffSwitch
+@findex \hideStaffSwitch
@code{\hideStaffSwitch}.
@end lilypond
@cindex modifiers, in chords.
-@funindex aug
-@funindex dim
-@funindex maj
-@funindex sus
-@funindex m
+@findex aug
+@findex dim
+@findex maj
+@findex sus
+@findex m
Since an unaltered 11 does not sound good when combined with an
unaltered 3, the 11 is removed in this case (unless it is added
\chordmode { c:13 c:13.11 c:m13 }
@end lilypond
-@funindex /
+@findex /
An inversion (putting one pitch of the chord on the bottom), as well
as bass notes, can be specified by appending
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
\chordmode { c1 c/g c/f }
@end lilypond
-@funindex /+
+@findex /+
A bass note can be added instead transposed out of the chord,
by using @code{/+}@var{pitch}.
following properties
@table @code
-@funindex chordNameExceptions
+@findex chordNameExceptions
@item chordNameExceptions
This is a list that contains the chords that have special formatting.
@cindex exceptions, chord names.
-@funindex majorSevenSymbol
+@findex majorSevenSymbol
@item majorSevenSymbol
This property contains the markup object used for the 7th step, when
it is major. Predefined options are @code{whiteTriangleMarkup} and
@code{blackTriangleMarkup}. See
@inputfileref{input/@/regression,chord@/-name@/-major7@/.ly} for an example.
-@funindex chordNameSeparator
+@findex chordNameSeparator
@item chordNameSeparator
Different parts of a chord name are normally separated by a
slash. By setting @code{chordNameSeparator}, you can specify other
}
@end lilypond
-@funindex chordRootNamer
+@findex chordRootNamer
@item chordRootNamer
The root of a chord is usually printed as a letter with an optional
alteration. The transformation from pitch to letter is done by this
function. Special note names (for example, the German ``H'' for a
B-chord) can be produced by storing a new function in this property.
-@funindex chordNoteNamer
+@findex chordNoteNamer
@item chordNoteNamer
The default is to print single pitch, e.g., the bass note, using the
@code{chordRootNamer}. The @code{chordNoteNamer} property can be set
to a specialized function to change this behavior. For example, the
base can be printed in lower case.
-@funindex chordPrefixSpacer
+@findex chordPrefixSpacer
@item chordPrefixSpacer
The ``m'' for minor chords is usually printed right after the root of
the chord. By setting @code{chordPrefixSpacer}, you can fix a spacer
@refcommands
-@funindex \germanChords
+@findex \germanChords
@code{\germanChords},
-@funindex \semiGermanChords
+@findex \semiGermanChords
@code{\semiGermanChords}.
-@funindex \italianChords
+@findex \italianChords
@code{\italianChords}.
-@funindex \frenchChords
+@findex \frenchChords
@code{\frenchChords}.
@subsection Entering lyrics
@cindex lyrics
-@funindex \lyricmode
+@findex \lyricmode
@cindex punctuation
Lyrics are entered in a special input mode. This mode is introduced
\lyricmode @{ twinkle@}
@end example
-@funindex \property, in @code{\lyricmode
+@findex \property in \lyricmode
+
@noindent
Similarly, a period which follows an alphabetic sequence is included in
the resulting string. As a consequence, spaces must be inserted around
\override Score . LyricText #'font-shape = #'italic
@end example
-@funindex _
+@findex _
@cindex spaces, in lyrics
@cindex quotes, in lyrics
simply insert the characters directly into the input file and save
it with utf-8 encoding. See @ref{Text encoding} for more info.
-@example
-\lyricmode @{ He said: “Let my peo ple go”. @}
-@end example
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
+\relative { e4 f e d e f e2 }
+\addlyrics { He said: “Let my peo ple go”. }
+@end lilypond
To use normal quotes in lyrics, add a backslash before the
quotes. For example,
combination of a backslash followed by one of @code{`}, @code{'},
@code{"}, or @code{^}.
+To define indentifiers containing lyrics, the function @code{lyricmode}
+must be used.
+
+@example
+verseOne = \lyricmode @{ Joy to the world the Lord is come @}
+\score @{
+ <<
+ \new Voice = "one" \relative c'' @{
+ \autoBeamOff
+ \time 2/4
+ c4 b8. a16 g4. f8 e4 d c2
+ @}
+ \addlyrics @{ \verseOne @}
+ >>
+@}
+@end example
+
@seealso
@end example
@cindex automatic syllable durations
-@funindex \lyricsto
+@findex \lyricsto
@cindex lyrics and melodies
This will place the lyrics according to the durations that were
@end example
This aligns the lyrics to the
-notes of the @internalsref{Voice} context called @var{name}, which has
-to exist. Therefore, normally the @code{Voice} is specified first, and
+notes of the @internalsref{Voice} context called @var{name}, which must
+already exist. Therefore normally the @code{Voice} is specified first, and
then the lyrics are specified with @code{\lyricsto}. The command
@code{\lyricsto} switches to @code{\lyricmode} mode automatically, so the
@code{\lyricmode} keyword may be omitted.
c4 b8. a16 g4. f8 e4 d c2
}
\new Lyrics \lyricmode { Joy4 to8. the16 world!4. the8 Lord4 is come.2 }
- \new Lyrics \lyricmode { Joy to the earth! the Sav -- our reigns. }
+ \new Lyrics \lyricmode { Joy to the earth! the Sa -- viour reigns. }
\new Lyrics \lyricsto "one" { No more let sins and sor -- rows grow. }
>>
@end lilypond
The second stanza is not properly aligned because the durations
were not specified. A solution for that would be to use @code{\lyricsto}.
-
-
-
-
-
-To define indentifiers containing lyrics, the function @code{lyricmode}
-must be used.
-
-@example
-verseOne = \lyricmode @{ Joy to the world the Lord is come @}
-\score @{
- <<
- \new Voice = "one" \relative c'' @{
- \autoBeamOff
- \time 2/4
- c4 b8. a16 g4. f8 e4 d c2
- @}
- \addlyrics @{ \verseOne @}
- >>
-@}
-@end example
-
The @code{\addlyrics} command is actually just a convenient way
to write a more complicated LilyPond structure that sets up the
lyrics.
@refcommands
@code{\melisma}, @code{\melismaEnd}
-@funindex \melismaEnd
-@funindex \melisma
+@findex \melismaEnd
+@findex \melisma
@seealso
* Divisi lyrics::
* Switching the melody associated with a lyrics line::
* Specifying melismata within the lyrics::
+* Lyrics independent of notes::
@end menu
@node Lyrics to multiple notes of a melisma
In this case, you can also have ties and slurs in the melody, if you
set @code{melismaBusyProperties}, as is done in the example above.
-@lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,fragment]
+@lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,fragment,quote]
{
\set melismaBusyProperties = #'()
c d( e) f f( e) e e
@end lilypond
+@node Lyrics independent of notes
+@subsubsection Lyrics independent of notes
+
+In some complex vocal music, it may be desirable to place
+lyrics completely independently of notes. Music defined
+inside @code{lyricrhythm} disappears into the
+@code{Devnull} context, but the rhythms can still be used
+to place the lyrics.
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right]
+voice = {
+ c''2
+ \tag #'music { c''2 }
+ \tag #'lyricrhythm { c''4. c''8 }
+ d''1
+}
+
+lyr = \lyricmode { I like my cat! }
+
+<<
+ \new Staff \keepWithTag #'music \voice
+ \new Devnull="nowhere" \keepWithTag #'lyricrhythm \voice
+ \new Lyrics \lyricsto "nowhere" \lyr
+ \new Staff { c'8 c' c' c' c' c' c' c'
+ c' c' c' c' c' c' c' c' }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+
@node Spacing lyrics
@subsection Spacing lyrics
* Showing melody rhythms::
* Entering percussion::
* Percussion staves::
+* Ghost notes::
@end menu
@end lilypond
The above example shows verbose polyphonic notation. The short
-polyphonic notation, described in @ref{Polyphony}, can also be used if
+polyphonic notation, described in @ref{Basic polyphony}, can also be used if
the @internalsref{DrumVoice}s are instantiated by hand first. For example,
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
for this purpose instead.
+@c FIXME: check name -gp
+@node Ghost notes
+@subsection Ghost notes
+
+Ghost notes for drums and percussion may be created using the
+@code{\parenthesize} command detailed in @ref{Parentheses}. However,
+the default @code{\drummode} does
+not include the @code{Parenthesis_engraver} plugin which allows
+this. You
+must add the plugin explicitly in the context definition as
+detailed in @ref{Changing context properties on the fly}.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,fragment]
+\new DrumStaff \with {
+ \consists "Parenthesis_engraver"
+} <<
+ \context DrumVoice = "1" { s1 *2 }
+ \context DrumVoice = "2" { s1 *2 }
+ \drummode {
+ <<
+ {
+ hh8[ hh] <hh sn> hh16
+ < \parenthesize sn > hh < \parenthesize
+ sn > hh8 <hh sn> hh
+ } \\ {
+ bd4 r4 bd8 bd r8 bd
+ }
+ >>
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@noindent
+Also note that you must add chords (@code{< >} brackets)
+around each @code{\parenthesize} statement.
+
@node Guitar
@section Guitar
}
@end lilypond
-@funindex minimumFret
+@findex minimumFret
@cindex fret
When no string is specified, the first string that does not give a
@refcommands
-@funindex \virgula
+@findex \virgula
@code{\virgula},
-@funindex \caesura
+@findex \caesura
@code{\caesura},
-@funindex \divisioMinima
+@findex \divisioMinima
@code{\divisioMinima},
-@funindex \divisioMaior
+@findex \divisioMaior
@code{\divisioMaior},
-@funindex \divisioMaxima
+@findex \divisioMaxima
@code{\divisioMaxima},
-@funindex \finalis
+@findex \finalis
@code{\finalis}.
@seealso
The following head prefixes are supported
-@funindex \virga
+@findex \virga
@code{\virga},
-@funindex \stropha
+@findex \stropha
@code{\stropha},
-@funindex \inclinatum
+@findex \inclinatum
@code{\inclinatum},
-@funindex \auctum
+@findex \auctum
@code{\auctum},
-@funindex \descendens
+@findex \descendens
@code{\descendens},
-@funindex \ascendens
+@findex \ascendens
@code{\ascendens},
-@funindex \oriscus
+@findex \oriscus
@code{\oriscus},
-@funindex \quilisma
+@findex \quilisma
@code{\quilisma},
-@funindex \deminutum
+@findex \deminutum
@code{\deminutum},
-@funindex \cavum
+@findex \cavum
@code{\cavum},
-@funindex \linea
+@findex \linea
@code{\linea}.
Head prefixes can be accumulated, though restrictions apply. For
example, either @code{\descendens} or @code{\ascendens} can be applied
to a head, but not both to the same head.
-@funindex \pes
-@funindex \flexa
+@findex \pes
+@findex \flexa
Two adjacent heads can be tied together with the @code{\pes} and
@code{\flexa} infix commands for a rising and falling line of melody,
respectively.
``Musica Ficta''. In modern transcriptions, these accidentals are
usually printed over the note.
+@cindex Accidental, musica ficta
@cindex Musica ficta
Support for such suggested accidentals is included, and can be
switched on by setting @code{suggestAccidentals} to true.
-@funindex suggestAccidentals
+@findex suggestAccidentals
@lilypond[verbatim,fragment,relative=1]
fis gis
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