@item
A @code{\bookpart} block. A book may be divided into several parts,
using @code{\bookpart} blocks, in order to ease the page breaking,
-or to use different @code{\paper} settings in different parts.
+or to use different @code{\paper} settings in different parts.
@item
A compound music expression, such as
@end itemize
+@cindex whitespace
+
+Whitespace between items in the input stream is generally ignored,
+and may be freely omitted or extended to enhance readability.
+However, whitespace should always be used in the following
+circumstances to avoid errors:
+
+@itemize
+@item Around every opening and closing curly bracket.
+@item After every command or variable, i.e. every item that
+begins with a @code{\} sign.
+@item After every item that is to be interpreted as a Scheme
+expression, i.e. every item that begins with a @code{#} sign.
+@item To separate all elements of a Scheme expression.
+@item In @code{lyricmode} to separate all the terms in both
+@code{\override} and @code{\set} commands. In particular, spaces
+must be used around the dot and the equals sign in commands like
+@code{\override Score . LyricText #'font-size = #5} and before and
+after the entire command.
+
+@end itemize
@seealso
Learning Manual:
@node Text encoding
@subsection Text encoding
+@cindex Unicode
+@cindex UTF-8
+@cindex non-ASCII characters
+
LilyPond uses the character repertoire defined by the Unicode
consortium and ISO/IEC 10646. This defines a unique name and
code point for the character sets used in virtually all modern
LilyPond uses the Pango library to layout and render multi-lingual
texts.
-Lilypond does not perform any input-encoding conversions. This
+LilyPond does not perform any input-encoding conversions. This
means that any text, be it title, lyric text, or musical
instruction containing non-ASCII characters, must be encoded in
UTF-8. The easiest way to enter such text is by using a
\markup { "Copyright 2008--2009" \char ##x00A9 }
@end lilypond
+@cindex copyright sign
+
To enter the copyright sign in the copyright notice use:
@example
of specifying the inital or overall MIDI tempo is described below,
see @ref{MIDI block}.
+Due to some limitations on Windows, the default extension for
+MIDI files on Windows is @code{.mid}. Other operating systems still
+use the extension @code{.midi}. If a different extension is preferred,
+insert the following line at the top-level of the input file,
+before the start of any @code{\book}, @code{\bookpart} or @code{\score} blocks:
+
+@example
+#(ly:set-option 'midi-extension "midi")
+@end example
+
+The line above will set the default extension for MIDI files to
+@code{.midi}.
+
+Alternatively, this option can also be supplied on the command line:
+
+@example
+lilypond … -dmidi-extension=midi lilyFile.ly
+@end example
+
+
@unnumberedsubsubsec Instrument names
@cindex instrument names