version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details.
@end ignore
-@c \version "2.11.38"
+@c \version "2.11.53"
@node Fretted string instruments
@section Fretted string instruments
-@c @node Guitar
-@c @section Guitar
+
+@lilypondfile[quote]{fretted-headword.ly}
+
+This section discusses several aspects of music notation that are unique
+to fretted string instruments.
@cindex tablature
@cindex guitar tablature
@menu
-* Guitar sections::
+* Common notation for fretted strings::
+* Guitar::
+* Banjo::
@end menu
-@node Guitar sections
-@subsection Guitar sections
+@node Common notation for fretted strings
+@subsection Common notation for fretted strings
+
+This section discusses common notation that is unique
+to fretted string instruments.
@menu
+* References for fretted strings::
* String number indications::
-* Tablatures basic::
-* Non-guitar tablatures::
-* Banjo tablatures::
-* Fret diagrams::
-* Right hand fingerings::
-* Other guitar issues::
+* Default tablatures::
+* Custom tablatures::
+* Automatic fret diagrams::
+* Fret diagram markups::
+* Right-hand fingerings::
@end menu
+@node References for fretted strings
+@subsubsection References for fretted strings
+
+Music for fretted string instruments is normally notated on
+a single staff, either in traditional music notation or in
+tablature. Sometimes the two types are combined, and it is
+especially common in popular music to use chord diagrams above
+a staff of traditional notation. The guitar and the banjo are
+transposing instruments, sounding an octave lower than written.
+Scores for these instruments should use the @code{"treble_8"} clef.
+Some other elements pertinent to fretted string instruments
+are covered elsewhere:
+
+@itemize
+@item Fingerings are indicated with @ref{Fingering instructions}.
+
+@item Instructions for @notation{Laissez vibrer} ties
+as well as ties on arpeggios and tremolos is described in
+@ref{Ties}.
+
+@item Instructions on handling multiple voices is described
+in @ref{Collision resolution}.
+
+@end itemize
+
+@seealso
+
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Instrument names},
+@ref{Writing music in parallel},
+@ref{Fingering instructions},
+@ref{Ties},
+@ref{Arpeggio},
+@ref{List of articulations},
+@ref{Clef}.
+
@node String number indications
@subsubsection String number indications
@cindex String numbers
-String numbers can be added to chords, by indicating the string number
-with @code{\}@var{number},
+The string on which a note should be played may be indicated by
+appending @code{\@var{number}} to a note inside a chord construct
+@code{<>}.
+
+@warning{String numbers @strong{must} be defined inside a chord
+construct even if there is only a single note.}
-@lilypond[relative,relative=1,ragged-right,fragment]
-<c\1 e\2 g\3>
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=0]
+\clef "treble_8"
+<c\5>4 <e\4> <g\3>2
+<c,\5 e\4 g\3>1
@end lilypond
+When fingerings and string indications are used together, their
+placement is controlled by the order in which the two items appear
+in the code:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
+\clef "treble_8"
+<g\3-0>2
+<g-0\3>
+@end lilypond
+
+@snippets
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff.ly}
@seealso
-Internals Reference: @internalsref{StringNumber},
-@c @lsr{guitar/,string-number.ly}.
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Fingering instructions}.
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
-@node Tablatures basic
-@subsubsection Tablatures basic
-@cindex Tablatures basic
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{StringNumber},
+@rinternals{Fingering}.
+
+
+@node Default tablatures
+@subsubsection Default tablatures
+@cindex Tablatures, basic
+@cindex Tablatures, default
Tablature notation is used for notating music for plucked string
instruments. Pitches are not denoted with note heads, but by
-numbers indicating on which string and fret a note must be played. LilyPond
-offers limited support for tablature.
+numbers indicating on which string and fret a note must be played.
+LilyPond offers limited support for tablature.
-The string number associated to a note is given as a backslash
-followed by a number, e.g., @code{c4\3} for a C quarter on the third
-string. By default, string 1 is the highest one, and the tuning
-defaults to the standard guitar tuning (with 6 strings). The notes
-are printed as tablature, by using @internalsref{TabStaff} and
-@internalsref{TabVoice} contexts
+The string number associated with a note is given as a backslash
+followed by a number. By default, string 1 is the highest,
+and the tuning defaults to the standard guitar tuning (with 6 strings).
+The notes are printed as tablature, by using @code{TabStaff} and
+@code{TabVoice} contexts
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
\new TabStaff {
@funindex minimumFret
@cindex fret
-When no string is specified, the first string that does not give a
-fret number less than @code{minimumFret} is selected. The default
-value for @code{minimumFret} is 0
+When no string is specified for a note, the note is assigned to
+the lowest string that can generate the note with a fret number
+greater than or equal to @code{minimumFret} is selected. The
+default value for @code{minimumFret} is 0.
-@example
-e16 fis gis a b4
-\set TabStaff.minimumFret = #8
-e16 fis gis a b4
-@end example
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right]
-frag = {
- \key e \major
- e16 fis gis a b4
- \set TabStaff.minimumFret = #8
- e16 fis gis a b4
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+\new StaffGroup <<
+ \new Staff \relative c {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ c16 d e f g4
+ c,16 d e f g4
+ }
+ \new TabStaff \relative c {
+ c16 d e f g4
+ \set TabStaff.minimumFret = #5
+ c,16 d e f g4
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+@snippets
+
+The direction of stems is controlled the same way in tablature as
+in traditional notation. Beams can be made horizontal:
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+\new TabStaff {
+ \relative c {
+ g16 b d g
+ b d g b
+ \stemDown
+ \override Beam #'damping = #100000
+ g,,16 b d g
+ b d g b
+ }
}
- \new StaffGroup <<
- \new Staff { \clef "G_8" \frag }
- \new TabStaff { \frag }
- >>
@end lilypond
+Polyphony is created the same way in a @code{TabStaff} as in a
+regular staff.
-@snippets
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+upper = \relative c' {
+ \time 12/8
+ \key e \minor
+ \voiceOne
+ r4. r8 e, fis g16 b g e e' b c b a g fis e
+}
-To print tablatures with stems down and horizontal beams,
-initialize the @code{TabStaff} with this code:
+lower = \relative c {
+ \key e \minor
+ \voiceTwo
+ r16 e d c b a g4 fis8 e fis g a b c
+}
-@example
-\stemDown
-\override Beam #'damping = #100000
-@end example
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new StaffGroup = "tab with traditional" <<
+ \new Staff = "guitar traditional" <<
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \context Voice = "upper" \upper
+ \context Voice = "lower" \lower
+ >>
+ \new TabStaff = "guitar tab" <<
+ \context TabVoice = "upper" \upper
+ \context TabVoice = "lower" \lower
+ >>
+ >>
+ >>
+}
+@end lilypond
@seealso
-Internals Reference: @internalsref{TabNoteHead}, @internalsref{TabStaff}, @internalsref{TabVoice}.
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Stems}.
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{TabNoteHead},
+@rinternals{TabStaff},
+@rinternals{TabVoice},
+@rinternals{Beam}.
@knownissues
Chords are not handled in a special way, and hence the automatic
-string selector may easily select the same string to two notes in a
-chord.
+string selector may easily select the same string for two notes in
+a chord.
In order to handle @code{\partcombine}, a @code{TabStaff} must use
specially-created voices:
@end lilypond
-@node Non-guitar tablatures
-@subsubsection Non-guitar tablatures
-@cindex Non-guitar tablatures
+@node Custom tablatures
+@subsubsection Custom tablatures
+@cindex Tablatures, custom
-You can change the tuning of the strings. A string tuning is given as
-a Scheme list with one integer number for each string, the number
-being the pitch (measured in semitones relative to middle C) of an
-open string. The numbers specified for @code{stringTunings} are the
-numbers of semitones to subtract or add, starting the specified pitch
-by default middle C, in string order. LilyPond automatically calculates
-the number of strings by looking at @code{stringTunings}.
+You can change the tuning of the strings. A string tuning is
+given as a Scheme list with one integer number for each string,
+the number being the pitch (measured in semitones relative to
+middle C) of an open string. The numbers specified for
+@code{stringTunings} are the numbers of semitones to subtract or
+add, starting the specified pitch by default middle C, in string
+order. LilyPond automatically calculates the number of strings by
+looking at @code{stringTunings}.
-In the next example,
-@code{stringTunings} is set for the pitches e, a, d, and g
+In the next example, @code{stringTunings} is set for the pitches
+e, a, d, and g.
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
\new TabStaff <<
>>
@end lilypond
-LilyPond comes with predefined string tunings for banjo, mandolin, guitar
-and bass guitar.
+LilyPond comes with predefined string tunings for banjo, mandolin,
+guitar and bass guitar. Lilypond automatically sets the correct
+transposition for predefined tunings. The following example is
+for bass guitar, which sounds an octave lower than written.
-@example
-\set TabStaff.stringTunings = #bass-tuning
-@end example
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+<<
+ \new Staff <<
+ \clef "bass_8"
+ \relative c, {
+ c4 d e f
+ }
+ >>
+ \new TabStaff <<
+ \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #bass-tuning
+ \relative c, {
+ c4 d e f
+ }
+ >>
+>>
+@end lilypond
-The default string tuning is @code{guitar-tuning} (the standard EADGBE
-tuning).
-Some other predefined tunings are @code{guitar-open-g-tuning},
-@code{mandolin-tuning} and @code{banjo-open-g-tuning}.
+The default string tuning is @code{guitar-tuning} (the standard
+EADGBE tuning). Some other predefined tunings are
+@code{guitar-open-g-tuning}, @code{mandolin-tuning} and
+@code{banjo-open-g-tuning}.
@seealso
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
The file @file{scm/@/output@/-lib@/.scm} contains the predefined string
tunings.
-Internals Reference: @internalsref{Tab_note_heads_engraver}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{Tab_note_heads_engraver}.
@knownissues
No guitar special effects have been implemented.
+@node Automatic fret diagrams
+@subsubsection Automatic fret diagrams
+@cindex fret diagrams
+@cindex chord diagrams
+Fret diagrams can be automatically created from entered notes using the
+@code{FretBoards} context. This context calculates strings and frets
+which can be used to play the notes.
-@node Banjo tablatures
-@subsubsection Banjo tablatures
-@cindex Banjo tablatures
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ f1 g
+ }
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ < f, c f a c' f'>1
+ < g,\6 b, d g b g'>
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < f, c f a c' f'>1
+ < g, b, d g b' g'>
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
-LilyPond has basic support for five stringed banjo. When making tablatures
-for five stringed banjo, use the banjo tablature format function to get
-correct
-fret numbers for the fifth string:
+Notes can be explicitly placed on a string. It is often enough
+to place only the lowest note on an explicit string; the rest of
+the notes will then be placed appropriately by the @code{FretBoards}
+context.
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
-\new TabStaff <<
- \set TabStaff.tablatureFormat = #fret-number-tablature-format-banjo
- \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #banjo-open-g-tuning
- {
- \stemDown
- g8 d' g'\5 a b g e d' |
- g4 d''8\5 b' a'\2 g'\5 e'\2 d' |
- g4
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 c d:m d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ < c e g c' e' > 1
+ < c\5 e g c' e' > 1
+ < d a d' f'>
+ < d\4 a d' f'>
}
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < c e g c' e' > 1
+ < c e g c' e' > 1
+ < d a d' f'>
+ < d a d' f'>
+ }
>>
@end lilypond
-A number of common tunings for banjo are predefined in LilyPond:
-@code{banjo-c-tuning} (gCGBD), @code{banjo-modal-tuning} (gDGCD),
-@code{banjo-open-d-tuning} (aDF#AD) and @code{banjo-open-dm-tuning}
-(aDFAD).
+Fingerings can be added to FretBoard fret diagrams.
-These tunings may be converted to four string banjo tunings using the
-@code{four-string-banjo} function:
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context FretBoards {
+ < c\5-3 e-2 g c'-1 e' > 1
+ < d\4 a-2 d'-3 f'-1>
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < c e g c' e' > 1
+ < d a d' f'>
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
-@example
-\set TabStaff.stringTunings = #(four-string-banjo banjo-c-tuning)
-@end example
+The strings and frets for the @code{FretBoards} context depend
+on the @code{stringTunings} property, which has the same meaning
+as in the TabStaff context. See @ref{Custom tablatures} for
+information on the @code{stringTunings} property.
+
+The graphical layout of a fret diagram can be customized according to
+user preference through the properties of the @code{fret-diagram-interface}.
+Details are found at @rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}. For a
+@code{FretBoards} fret diagram, the interface properties belong to
+@code{FretBoards}.
+
+@snippets
+The minimum fret to be used in calculating strings and frets for
+the FretBoard context can be set with the @code{minimumFret}
+property.
+
+@c TODO -- snippet showing minimum fret.
+
+@c TODO -- snippet for using StringTunings
@seealso
-The file @file{scm/@/output@/-lib@/.scm} contains predefined banjo tunings.
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Custom tablatures}
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals {fret-diagram-interface}.
-@node Fret diagrams
-@subsubsection Fret diagrams
+
+@node Fret diagram markups
+@subsubsection Fret diagram markups
@cindex fret diagrams
@cindex chord diagrams
-Fret diagrams can be added to music as a markup to the desired note. The
-markup contains information about the desired fret diagram, as shown in the
-following example
+Fret diagrams can be added to music as a markup to the desired
+note. The markup contains information about the desired fret
+diagram. There are three different fret-diagram markup
+interfaces: standard, terse, and verbose. The three interfaces
+produce equivalent markups, but have varying amounts of
+information in the markup string. Details about the markup
+interfaces are found at @ref{Text markup commands}.
+
+The standard fret diagram markup string indicates the string
+number and the fret number for each dot to be placed on the string.
+In addition, open and unplayed (muted) strings can be indicated.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-3;4-2;3-o;2-1;1-o;"
+ < d a d' f'> ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-1;"
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Barre indications can be added to the diagram from
+the fret-diagram markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ f1 g
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram #"c:6-1-1;6-1;5-3;4-3;3-2;2-1;1-1;"
+ < g, b, d g b' g'> ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram #"c:6-1-3;6-3;5-5;4-5;3-4;2-3;1-3;"
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+The size of the fret diagram, and the number of frets in the diagram
+can be changed in the fret-diagram markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ f1 g
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram #"s:1.5;c:6-1-1;6-1;5-3;4-3;3-2;2-1;1-1;"
+ < g, b, d g b' g'> ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram #"h:6;6-3;5-2;4-o;3-o;2-o;1-3;"
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+The number of strings in a fret diagram can be changed to accomodate
+different instruments such as banjos and ukeleles with the fret-diagram
+markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ a1
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ %% A chord for ukelele
+ a'1 ^\markup \fret-diagram #"w:4;4-2-2;3-1-1;2-o;1-o;"
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Fingering indications can be added, and the location of fingering labels
+can be controlled by the fret-diagram markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram #"f:1;6-x;5-3-3;4-2-2;3-o;2-1-1;1-o;"
+ < d a d' f'> ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram #"f:2;6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2-2;2-3-3;1-1-1;"
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Dot radius and dot position can be controlled with the fret-diagram
+markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram #"d:0.35;6-x;5-3;4-2;3-o;2-1;1-o;"
+ < d a d' f'> ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram #"p:0.2;6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-1;"
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+The fret-diagram-terse markup string omits string numbers; the string
+number is implied by the presence of semicolons. There is one semicolon
+for each string in the diagram. The first semicolon corresponds to the
+highest string number and the last semicolon corresponds to the first string.
+Mute strings, open strings, and fret numbers can be indicated.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3;2;o;1;o;"
+ < d a d' f'> ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2;3;1;"
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Barre indicators can be included in the fret-diagram-terse markup string.
+
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ f1 g
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"1-(;3;3;2;1;1-);"
+ < g, b, d g b' g'> ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"3-(;5;5;4;3;3-);"
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Fingering indications can be included in the fret-diagram-terse markup string.
+
+@c Need to use override to enable fingerings to show this -- can we do so?
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \override Voice.TextScript
+ #'fret-diagram-details #'finger-code = #'below-string
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3-3;2-2;o;1-1;o;"
+ < d a d' f'> ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2-2;3-3;1-1;"
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Other fret diagram properties must be adjusted using @code{\override} when using
+the fret-diagram-terse markup.
+
+The fret-diagram-verbose markup string is in the format of a Scheme list. Each
+element of the list indicates an item to be placed on the fret diagram.
-@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<< \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ c1 d:m
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
+ (mute 6)
+ (place-fret 5 3)
+ (place-fret 4 2)
+ (open 3)
+ (place-fret 2 1)
+ (open 1)
+ )
+ < d a d' f'> ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
+ (mute 6)
+ (mute 5)
+ (open 4)
+ (place-fret 3 2)
+ (place-fret 2 3)
+ (place-fret 1 1)
+ )
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+Fingering indications and barres can be included in a
+fret-diagram-verbose markup string.
+
+@c \override is necessary to make fingering visible
+@lilypond[quote, verbatim]
+<<
+ \context ChordNames {
+ \chordmode {
+ f1 g
+ }
+ }
+ \context Staff {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \override Voice.TextScript
+ #'fret-diagram-details #'finger-code = #'below-string
+
+ < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
+ (place-fret 6 1)
+ (place-fret 5 3)
+ (place-fret 4 3)
+ (place-fret 3 2)
+ (place-fret 2 1)
+ (place-fret 1 1)
+ (barre 6 1 1)
+ )
+ < g, b, d g b' g'> ^\markup
+ \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
+ (place-fret 6 3 2)
+ (place-fret 5 2 1)
+ (open 4)
+ (open 3)
+ (open 2)
+ (place-fret 1 3 3)
+ )
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+All other fret diagram properties must be adjusted using @code{\override}
+when using the fret-diagram-verbose markup.
+
+@ignore
+The following example shows the three fret-diagram markup
+interfaces, along with examples of common tweaks. For example,
+the size of the verbose fret diagram is reduced to 0.75, and the
+finger indications are specified to appear below the diagram. The
+terse diagram includes tweaks to specify placement of finger code
+and color of dots.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
\new Voice {
- d'^\markup \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-2;"
- d' d' d'
- fis'^\markup \override #'(size . 0.75) {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ d^\markup \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-2;"
+ d d d
+ fis^\markup \override #'(size . 0.75) {
\override #'(finger-code . below-string) {
\fret-diagram-verbose #'((place-fret 6 2 1) (barre 6 1 2)
- (place-fret 5 4 3) (place-fret 4 4 4)
- (place-fret 3 3 2) (place-fret 2 2 1)
+ (place-fret 5 4 3)
+ (place-fret 4 4 4)
+ (place-fret 3 3 2)
+ (place-fret 2 2 1)
(place-fret 1 2 1))
}
}
- fis' fis' fis'
- c'^\markup \override #'(dot-radius . 0.35) {
+ fis fis fis
+ c^\markup \override #'(dot-radius . 0.35) {
\override #'(finger-code . in-dot) {
\override #'(dot-color . white) {
\fret-diagram-terse #"x;3-1-(;5-2;5-3;5-4;3-1-);"
}
}
}
- c' c' c'
+ c c c
}
@end lilypond
+@end ignore
+The graphical layout of a fret diagram can be customized according to
+user preference through the properties of the @code{fret-diagram-interface}.
+Details are found at @rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}. For a fret diagram
+markup , the interface properties belong to @code{Voice.TextScript}.
-There are three different fret-diagram markup interfaces: standard, terse,
-and verbose. The three interfaces produce equivalent markups, but have
-varying amounts of information in the markup string. Details about the
-markup interfaces are found at @ref{Text markup commands}.
+@snippets
+TODO create snippets for changing properties. Use regression test?
-You can set a number of graphical properties according to your preference.
-Details about the property interface to fret diagrams are found at
-@internalsref{fret-diagram-interface}.
+@seealso
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Text markup commands}.
-@seealso
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
-Examples: @c @lsrdir{guitar}
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}.
+@node Right-hand fingerings
+@subsubsection Right-hand fingerings
-@node Right hand fingerings
-@subsubsection Right hand fingerings
+Right-hand fingerings @var{p-i-m-a} must be entered within a
+chord construct @code{<>} for them to be printed in the score,
+even when applied to a single note.
-Right hand fingerings in chords can be entered using
-@code{@var{note}-\rightHandFinger @var{finger}}
+@warning{There @strong{must} be a hyphen after the note and a space
+before the closing @code{>}.}
-@lilypond[verbatim,fragment,relative=2]
- <c-\rightHandFinger #1 e-\rightHandFinger #2 >
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=0]
+\clef "treble_8"
+<c-\rightHandFinger #1 >4
+<e-\rightHandFinger #2 >
+<g-\rightHandFinger #3 >
+<c-\rightHandFinger #4 >
+<c,-\rightHandFinger #1 e-\rightHandFinger #2 g-\rightHandFinger #3 c-\rightHandFinger #4 >1
@end lilypond
-for brevity, you can abbreviate @code{\rightHandFinger} to something
+For convenience, you can abbreviate @code{\rightHandFinger} to something
short, for example @code{RH},
@example
#(define RH rightHandFinger)
@end example
-@cindex fingerings, right hand, for guitar
+@cindex fingerings, right hand, for guitar
@cindex right hand fingerings for guitar
-
+
@snippets
-You may exercise greater control over right handing fingerings by
-setting @code{strokeFingerOrientations},
+You may exercise greater control over the placement of right-hand
+fingerings by setting @code{strokeFingerOrientations},
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right,fragment,relative=1]
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
#(define RH rightHandFinger)
-{
+\relative c {
+ \clef "treble_8"
\set strokeFingerOrientations = #'(up down)
- <c-\RH #1 es-\RH #2 g-\RH #4 > 4
+ <c-\RH #1 e-\RH #2 g-\RH #3 c-\RH #4 > 4
\set strokeFingerOrientations = #'(up right down)
- <c-\RH #1 es-\RH #2 g-\RH #4 > 4
+ <c-\RH #1 e-\RH #2 g-\RH #3 c-\RH #4 > 4
+ \set strokeFingerOrientations = #'(left)
+ <c-\RH #1 e-\RH #2 g-\RH #3 c-\RH #4 > 2
}
@end lilypond
-The letters used for the fingerings are contained in the property
-@code{digit-names}, but they can also be set individually by supplying
-@code{\rightHandFinger} with a string argument, as in the following example
+This example combines left-hand fingering, string indication, and
+right-hand fingering
-
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right,fragment,relative=1]
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
#(define RH rightHandFinger)
-{
- \set strokeFingerOrientations = #'(right)
- \override StrokeFinger #'digit-names = ##("x" "y" "z" "!" "@")
- <c-\RH #5 >4
- <c-\RH "@">4
+\relative c {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ <c-3\5-\RH #1 >4
+ <e-2\4-\RH #2 >
+ <g-0\3-\RH #3 >
+ <c-1\2-\RH #4 >
}
@end lilypond
@seealso
-Internals Reference: @internalsref{StrokeFinger}
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Internals Reference:
+@rinternals{StrokeFinger}.
+
+
+@node Guitar
+@subsection Guitar
+Most of the notational issues associated with guitar music are
+covered sufficiently in the general fretted strings section, but there
+are a few more worth covering here. Occasionally users want to
+create songbook-type documents having only lyrics with chord
+indications above them. Since Lilypond is a music typesetter,
+it is not recommended for documents that have no music notation
+in them. A better alternative is a word processor, text editor,
+or, for experienced users, a typesetter like GuitarTeX.
+@menu
+* Indicating position and barring::
+* Indicating harmonics and dampened notes::
+@end menu
-@node Other guitar issues
-@subsubsection Other guitar issues
+@node Indicating position and barring
+@subsubsection Indicating position and barring
This example demonstrates how to include guitar position and
barring indications.
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=0]
-\clef "G_8"
-b16 d16 g16 b16 e16
+\clef "treble_8"
+b16 d g b e
\textSpannerDown
\override TextSpanner #'bound-details #'left #'text = #"XII "
g16\startTextSpan
- b16 e16 g16 e16 b16 g16\stopTextSpan
-e16 b16 g16 d16
+ b16 e g e b g\stopTextSpan
+e16 b g d
+@end lilypond
+
+@seealso
+
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Text spanners}.
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings},
+@rlsr{Expressive marks}.
+
+@node Indicating harmonics and dampened notes
+@subsubsection Indicating harmonics and dampened notes
+
+Special note heads can be used to indicate dampened notes or
+harmonics. Harmonics are normally further explained with a
+text markup.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
+\relative c' {
+ \clef "treble_8"
+ \override Staff.NoteHead #'style = #'cross
+ g8 a b c b4
+ \override Staff.NoteHead #'style = #'harmonic-mixed
+ d^\markup { \italic { \fontsize #-2 { "harm. 12" }}} <g b>1
+}
@end lilypond
+@seealso
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Special note heads},
+@ref{Note head styles}.
+
+@node Banjo
+@subsection Banjo
+
+@menu
+* Banjo tablatures::
+@end menu
+
+@node Banjo tablatures
+@subsubsection Banjo tablatures
+@cindex Banjo tablatures
+
+LilyPond has basic support for the five-string banjo. When making tablatures
+for five-string banjo, use the banjo tablature format function to get
+correct fret numbers for the fifth string:
+
+@c due to crazy intervals of banjo music, absolute pitch is recommended
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
+\new TabStaff <<
+ \set TabStaff.tablatureFormat = #fret-number-tablature-format-banjo
+ \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #banjo-open-g-tuning
+ {
+ \stemDown
+ g8 d' g'\5 a b g e d' |
+ g4 d''8\5 b' a'\2 g'\5 e'\2 d' |
+ g4
+ }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+A number of common tunings for banjo are predefined in LilyPond:
+@code{banjo-c-tuning} (gCGBD), @code{banjo-modal-tuning} (gDGCD),
+@code{banjo-open-d-tuning} (aDF#AD) and @code{banjo-open-dm-tuning}
+(aDFAD).
+
+These tunings may be converted to four string banjo tunings using the
+@code{four-string-banjo} function:
+
+@example
+\set TabStaff.stringTunings = #(four-string-banjo banjo-c-tuning)
+@end example
+
+@seealso
+
+Snippets:
+@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
+
+The file @file{scm/@/output@/-lib@/.scm} contains predefined banjo tunings.
+
-Stopped (X) note heads are used in guitar music to signal a place where the
-guitarist must play a certain note or chord, with its fingers just
-touching the strings instead of fully pressing them. This gives the sound a
-percussive noise-like sound that still maintains part of the original
-pitch. It is notated with cross note heads; this is
-demonstrated in @ref{Special note heads}.
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff