-@c -*- coding: latin-1; mode: texinfo; -*-
+@c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
@c This file is part of lilypond.tely
@c A menu is needed before every deeper *section nesting of @node's; run
* Augmentation dots::
* Tuplets::
* Scaling durations::
+* Stems::
@end menu
can be forced by adding an exclamation mark @code{!}
after the pitch. A cautionary accidental
(i.e., an accidental within parentheses) can be obtained by adding the
-question mark `@code{?}' after the pitch.
+question mark `@code{?}' after the pitch. These extra accidentals
+can be used to produce natural signs, too.
@lilypond[quote,raggedright,fragment,verbatim]
-cis' cis' cis'! cis'?
+cis' cis' cis'! cis'? c c? c! c
@end lilypond
@end lilypond
Whole bar rests, centered in middle of the bar,
-must be done with multi-measure rests. They are discussed in
+must be done with multi-measure rests. They can be used for a
+single bar as well as many bars, and are discussed in
@ref{Multi measure rests}.
g'4 \times 2/3 {c'4 c' c'} d'4 d'4
@end lilypond
+Tuplets may be nested, for example,
+
+@lilypond[fragment,raggedright,verbatim,relative=2]
+\set tupletNumberFormatFunction = #fraction-tuplet-formatter
+\times 4/6 {
+ a4 a
+ \times 3/5 { a a a a a }
+}
+@end lilypond
+
@refcommands
@cindex @code{\tupletUp}
instead.
+
+
+
@seealso
Program reference: @internalsref{TupletBracket}, and @internalsref{TimeScaledMusic}.
+Examples: @inputfileref{input/@/regression,tuplet@/-nest@/.ly}.
-@refbugs
-
-Nested tuplets are not formatted automatically. In this case, outer
-tuplet brackets should be moved manually, which is demonstrated in
-@inputfileref{input/@/regression,tuplet@/-nest@/.ly}.
@node Scaling durations
This manual: @ref{Tuplets}
+@node Stems
+@subsection Stems
+
+Whenever a note is found, a @internalsref{Stem} object is created
+automatically. For whole notes and rests, they are also created but
+made invisible.
+
+@refcommands
+
+@cindex @code{\stemUp}
+@code{\stemUp},
+@cindex @code{\stemDown}
+@code{\stemDown},
+@cindex @code{\stemNeutral}
+@code{\stemNeutral}.
+
@node Alternate music entry
@section Alternate music entry
* Octave check::
* Transpose::
* Bar check::
+* Barnumber check::
* Skipping corrected music::
* Automatic note splitting::
@end menu
less. This distance is determined without regarding alterations; a
@code{fisis} following a @code{ceses} will be put above the
@code{ceses}. In other words, a doubly-augmented fourth is considered
-a smaller interval than a diminshed fifth, even though the fourth is
-seven semitones while the fifth is only six semitones.
+a smaller interval than a diminished fifth, even though the
+doubly-augmented fourth spans seven semitones while the diminished
+fifth only spans six semitones.
The octave changing marks @code{'} and @code{,} can be added to raise
or lower the pitch by an extra octave. Upon entering relative mode,
@seealso
-Program reference: @internalsref{TransposedMusic}, and
-@internalsref{UntransposableMusic}.
+Program reference: @internalsref{TransposedMusic}.
@refbugs
@end lilypond
+@node Barnumber check
+@subsection Barnumber check
+
+When copying large pieces of music, it can be helpful to check that
+the LilyPond bar number corresponds to the original that you are
+entering from. This can be checked with @code{\barNumberCheck}, for
+example,
+
+@verbatim
+\barNumberCheck #123
+@end verbatim
+
+@noindent
+will print a warning if the @code{currentBarNumber} is not 123 when it
+is processed.
+
+
@node Skipping corrected music
@subsection Skipping corrected music
+
@cindex @code{skipTypesetting}
+@cindex @code{showLastLength}
+
+When entering or copying music, only the music near the end (where you
+are adding notes) is interesting to view and correct. To speed up
+this correction process, it is possible to skip typesetting of all but
+the last few measures. This is achieved by putting
+
+@verbatim
+showLastLength = R1*5
+\score { ... }
+@end verbatim
-The property @code{Score.skipTypesetting} can be used to switch on and
-off typesetting completely during the interpretation phase. When
-typesetting is switched off, the music is processed much more
-quickly. This can be used to skip over the parts of a score that
-have already been checked for errors
+@noindent
+in your source file. This will render only the last 5 measures
+(assuming 4/4 time signature) of every @code{\score} in the input
+file. For longer pieces, rendering only a small part is often an order
+of magnitude quicker than rendering it completely
+
+Skipping parts of a score can be controlled in a more fine-grained
+fashing with the property @code{Score.skipTypesetting}. When it is
+set, no typesetting is performed at all.
@lilypond[quote,fragment,raggedright,verbatim]
\relative c'' {
@seealso
-Program reference: @internalsref{TimeSignature}, and @internalsref{Timing_engraver}.
+Program reference: @internalsref{TimeSignature}, and @internalsref{Timing_translator}.
@refbugs
>>
@end lilypond
+
+@commonprop
+
@cindex @code{whichBar}
@cindex @code{repeatCommands}
@cindex @code{defaultBarType}
Ties are sometimes used to write out arpeggios. In this case, two tied
notes need not be consecutive. This can be achieved by setting the
-@code{tieWaitForNote} property to true. For example,
+@code{tieWaitForNote} property to true. The same feature is also useful,
+for example, to tie a tremolo to a chord. For example,
@lilypond[fragment,verbatim,relative=1,raggedright]
\set tieWaitForNote = ##t
-\grace { c16[~ e~ g]~ } <c, e g>4
+\grace { c16[~ e~ g]~ } <c, e g>2
+\repeat "tremolo" 8 { c32~ c'~ } <c c,>1
@end lilypond
Switching staves when a tie is active will not produce a slanted tie.
-Formatting of ties is a difficult subject. The results are often not
-optimal.
-
@node Slurs
@subsection Slurs
\new Staff { c4 \grace { g8[ b] } c4 } >>
@end lilypond
+@cindex @code{\afterGrace}
+
If you want to end a note with a grace, use the @code{\afterGrace}
command. It takes two arguments: the main note, and the grace notes
following the main note.
@code{stopAppoggiaturaMusic}. More information is in the file
@file{ly/@/grace@/-init@/.ly}.
+@noindent
+The slash through the stem in acciaccaturas can be obtained
+in other situations by @code{\override Stem #'stroke-style = #"grace"}.
@seealso
@end lilypond
@noindent
-This can be remedied by inserting grace skips, for the above example
+This can be remedied by inserting grace skips of the corresponding
+durations in the other staves. For the above example
@example
\new Staff @{ c4 \bar "|:" \grace s16 d4 @}
c\< c\! d\> e\!
<< f1 { s4 s4\< s4\! \> s4\! } >>
@end lilypond
+
+@noindent
+A hairpin starts at the left edge of the beginning note and ends on the
+right edge of the ending note.
+
This may give rise to very short hairpins. Use @code{minimum-length}
in @internalsref{Voice}.@internalsref{Hairpin} to lengthen them, for
example
with dynamics, see @ref{New dynamic marks}.
+@commonprop
+
+Dynamics that occur at, begin on, or end on, the same note
+will be vertically aligned. If you want to ensure that dynamics
+are aligned when they do not occur on the same note, you can
+increase the @code{staff-padding} property.
+
+@example
+\override DynamicLineSpanner #'staff-padding = 4
+@end example
+
+
@refcommands
@cindex @code{\dynamicUp}
@seealso
+This manual: @ref{Pitched trills}.
+
Program reference: @internalsref{TrillSpanner}.
}
@end lilypond
+Measure repeats of more than 2 measures get a counter, if you switch
+on the @code{countPercentRepeats} property,
+
+@lilypond[relative=2,fragment,quote,verbatim,raggedright]
+\set countPercentRepeats = ##t
+\new Voice
+ \repeat "percent" 4 { c1 }
+@end lilypond
+
+
+
+Isolated percents can also be printed. This is done by putting a multi
+measure rest with a different print function,
+
+@lilypond[fragment,verbatim]
+\override MultiMeasureRest #'print-function
+ = #Multi_measure_rest::percent
+R1
+@end lilypond
+
+
+
@seealso
-Program reference: @internalsref{RepeatSlash}, @internalsref{PercentRepeat},
+Program reference: @internalsref{RepeatSlash},
+@internalsref{PercentRepeat}, @internalsref{DoublePercentRepeat},
+@internalsref{DoublePercentRepeatCounter},
+@internalsref{PercentRepeatCounter},
@internalsref{PercentRepeatedMusic}, and
-@internalsref{DoublePercentRepeat}.
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