manually placed above or below the staff, using the syntax described
in @ref{Direction and placement}.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-a8^"pizz." g f e a4-"scherz." f
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative { a'8^"pizz." g f e a4-"scherz." f }
@end lilypond
This syntax is actually a shorthand; more complex text formatting may be
added to a note by explicitly using a @code{\markup} block, as described
in @ref{Formatting text}.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-a8^\markup { \italic pizz. } g f e
-a4_\markup { \tiny scherz. \bold molto } f
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ a'8^\markup { \italic pizz. } g f e
+ a4_\markup { \tiny scherz. \bold molto } f }
@end lilypond
By default, text indications do not influence the note spacing. However,
their widths can be taken into account: in the following example, the
first text string does not affect spacing, whereas the second one does.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-a8^"pizz." g f e
-\textLengthOn
-a4_"scherzando" f
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ a'8^"pizz." g f e
+ \textLengthOn
+ a4_"scherzando" f
+}
@end lilypond
In addition to text scripts, articulations can be attached to notes.
@qq{spanners}, may be created from one note to another using the
following syntax:
-@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
-\override TextSpanner.bound-details.left.text = "rit."
-b1\startTextSpan
-e,\stopTextSpan
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+\relative {
+ \override TextSpanner.bound-details.left.text = "rit."
+ b'1\startTextSpan
+ e,\stopTextSpan
+}
@end lilypond
@cindex text spanners, formatting
obtained using @code{\markup} blocks, as described in
@ref{Formatting text}.
-@lilypond[quote,relative=2,verbatim]
-\override TextSpanner.bound-details.left.text =
- \markup { \upright "rit." }
-b1\startTextSpan c
-e,\stopTextSpan
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ \override TextSpanner.bound-details.left.text =
+ \markup { \upright "rit." }
+ b'1\startTextSpan c
+ e,\stopTextSpan
+}
@end lilypond
The line style, as well as the text string, can be defined as an
@c \mark needs to be placed on a separate line (it's not
@c attached to an object like \markup is). -vv
-@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
-c4
-\mark "Allegro"
-c c c
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+\relative {
+ c''4
+ \mark "Allegro"
+ c c c
+}
@end lilypond
This syntax makes it possible to put any text on a bar line;
more complex text formatting may be added using a @code{\markup}
block, as described in @ref{Formatting text}:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
-<c e>1
-\mark \markup { \italic { colla parte } }
-<d f>2 <e g>
-<c f aes>1
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ <c' e>1
+ \mark \markup { \italic { colla parte } }
+ <d f>2 <e g>
+ <c f aes>1
+}
@end lilypond
@noindent
or fermata, by specifying the appropriate symbol name as explained in
@ref{Music notation inside markup}:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-<bes f>2 <aes d>
-\mark \markup { \musicglyph #"scripts.ufermata" }
-<e g>1
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ <bes' f>2 <aes d>
+ \mark \markup { \musicglyph #"scripts.ufermata" }
+ <e g>1
+}
@end lilypond
@noindent
specified at a line break, the mark will be printed at the beginning of
the next line.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2,ragged-right]
-\mark "Allegro"
-c1 c
-\mark "assai" \break
-c c
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right]
+\relative c'' {
+ \mark "Allegro"
+ c1 c
+ \mark "assai" \break
+ c c
+}
@end lilypond
@funindex \markLengthOn
backslash @code{\} character. Such commands only affect the first
following expression.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-a1-\markup intenso
-a2^\markup { poco \italic più forte }
-c e1
-d2_\markup { \italic "string. assai" }
-e
-b1^\markup { \bold { molto \italic agitato } }
-c
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ a'1-\markup intenso
+ a2^\markup { poco \italic più forte }
+ c e1
+ d2_\markup { \italic "string. assai" }
+ e
+ b1^\markup { \bold { molto \italic agitato } }
+ c
+}
@end lilypond
@cindex special characters in markup mode
Double quotation marks themselves may be printed by preceding them
with backslashes.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-a1^"\italic markup..."
-a_\markup { \italic "... prints \"italic\" letters!" }
-a a
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ a'1^"\italic markup..."
+ a_\markup { \italic "... prints \"italic\" letters!" }
+ a a
+}
@end lilypond
To be treated as a distinct expression, a list of words needs to be
centered and aligned; in the following example, the second
@code{\markup} expression is treated the same as the first one:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-c1^\markup { \center-column { a bbb c } }
-c1^\markup { \center-column { a { bbb c } } }
-c1^\markup { \center-column { a \line { bbb c } } }
-c1^\markup { \center-column { a "bbb c" } }
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative c'' {
+ c1^\markup { \center-column { a bbb c } }
+ c1^\markup { \center-column { a { bbb c } } }
+ c1^\markup { \center-column { a \line { bbb c } } }
+ c1^\markup { \center-column { a "bbb c" } }
+}
@end lilypond
Markups can be stored in variables. Such variables may be
Basic font switching is supported in markup mode:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-d1^\markup {
- \bold { Più mosso }
- \italic { non troppo \underline Vivo }
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ d''1^\markup {
+ \bold { Più mosso }
+ \italic { non troppo \underline Vivo }
+ }
+ r2 r4 r8
+ d,_\markup { \italic quasi \smallCaps Tromba }
+ f1 d2 r
}
-r2 r4 r8
-d,_\markup { \italic quasi \smallCaps Tromba }
-f1 d2 r
@end lilypond
@cindex font size
It can be set to predefined size,
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-b1_\markup { \huge Sinfonia }
-b1^\markup { \teeny da }
-b1-\markup { \normalsize camera }
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative b' {
+ b1_\markup { \huge Sinfonia }
+ b1^\markup { \teeny da }
+ b1-\markup { \normalsize camera }
+}
@end lilypond
It can be set relative to its previous value,
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-b1_\markup { \larger Sinfonia }
-b1^\markup { \smaller da }
-b1-\markup { \magnify #0.6 camera }
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative b' {
+ b1_\markup { \larger Sinfonia }
+ b1^\markup { \smaller da }
+ b1-\markup { \magnify #0.6 camera }
+}
@end lilypond
It can be increased or decreased relative to the value set by the
global staff size,
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-b1_\markup { \fontsize #-2 Sinfonia }
-b1^\markup { \fontsize #1 da }
-b1-\markup { \fontsize #3 camera }
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative b' {
+ b1_\markup { \fontsize #-2 Sinfonia }
+ b1^\markup { \fontsize #1 da }
+ b1-\markup { \fontsize #3 camera }
+}
@end lilypond
It can also be set to a fixed point-size, regardless of the global staff
size,
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-b1_\markup { \abs-fontsize #20 Sinfonia }
-b1^\markup { \abs-fontsize #8 da }
-b1-\markup { \abs-fontsize #14 camera }
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative b' {
+ b1_\markup { \abs-fontsize #20 Sinfonia }
+ b1^\markup { \abs-fontsize #8 da }
+ b1-\markup { \abs-fontsize #14 camera }
+}
@end lilypond
If the text includes spaces, then it is best to put it all inside quote
indication is aligned on its left edge: in the following example,
there is no difference between the first and the second markup.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-d1-\markup { poco }
-f
-d-\markup { \left-align poco }
-f
-d-\markup { \center-align { poco } }
-f
-d-\markup { \right-align poco }
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ d''1-\markup { poco }
+ f
+ d-\markup { \left-align poco }
+ f
+ d-\markup { \center-align { poco } }
+ f
+ d-\markup { \right-align poco }
+}
@end lilypond
@funindex \halign
Horizontal alignment may be fine-tuned using a numeric value:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-a1-\markup { \halign #-1 poco }
-e'
-a,-\markup { \halign #0 poco }
-e'
-a,-\markup { \halign #0.5 poco }
-e'
-a,-\markup { \halign #2 poco }
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ a'1-\markup { \halign #-1 poco }
+ e'
+ a,-\markup { \halign #0 poco }
+ e'
+ a,-\markup { \halign #0.5 poco }
+ e'
+ a,-\markup { \halign #2 poco }
+}
@end lilypond
@noindent
demonstrates these two possibilities; the last markup in this example
has no anchor point, and therefore is not moved.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
-d2^\markup {
- Acte I
- \raise #2 { Scène 1 }
-}
-a'
-g_\markup {
- \null
- \lower #4 \bold { Très modéré }
-}
-a
-d,^\markup {
- \raise #4 \italic { Une forêt. }
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ d'2^\markup {
+ Acte I
+ \raise #2 { Scène 1 }
+ }
+ a'
+ g_\markup {
+ \null
+ \lower #4 \bold { Très modéré }
+ }
+ a
+ d,^\markup {
+ \raise #4 \italic { Une forêt. }
+ }
+ a'4 a g2 a
}
-a'4 a g2 a
@end lilypond
@funindex \general-align
text objects in markup mode. Any object affected by these commands
must be preceded with an anchor point:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
-d2^\markup {
- Acte I
- \translate #'(-1 . 2) "Scène 1"
-}
-a'
-g_\markup {
- \null
- \general-align #Y #3.2 \bold "Très modéré"
-}
-a
-d,^\markup {
- \null
- \translate-scaled #'(-1 . 2) \teeny "Une forêt."
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ d'2^\markup {
+ Acte I
+ \translate #'(-1 . 2) "Scène 1"
+ }
+ a'
+ g_\markup {
+ \null
+ \general-align #Y #3.2 \bold "Très modéré"
+ }
+ a
+ d,^\markup {
+ \null
+ \translate-scaled #'(-1 . 2) \teeny "Une forêt."
+ }
+ a'4 a g2 a
}
-a'4 a g2 a
@end lilypond
@cindex multi-line markup
native PostScript code. In such a case, it may be useful to
explicitly specify the size of the drawing, as demonstrated below:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
-c1^\markup {
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment]
+c'1^\markup {
\combine
\epsfile #X #10 #"./context-example.eps"
\with-dimensions #'(0 . 6) #'(0 . 10)
closepath
stroke"
}
-c
+c'
@end lilypond
An exhaustive list of graphics-specific commands can be found in
Notes and accidentals can be entered using markup commands:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-a2 a^\markup {
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment]
+a'2 a'^\markup {
\note #"4" #1
=
\note-by-number #1 #1 #1.5
}
-b1_\markup {
+b'1_\markup {
\natural \semiflat \flat
\sesquiflat \doubleflat
}
\glissando
-a1_\markup {
+a'1_\markup {
\natural \semisharp \sharp
\sesquisharp \doublesharp
}
-\glissando b
+\glissando b'
@end lilypond
Other notation objects may also be printed
in markup mode:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
-g1 bes
-ees\finger \markup \tied-lyric #"4~1"
-fis_\markup { \dynamic rf }
-bes^\markup {
- \beam #8 #0.1 #0.5
-}
-cis
-d-\markup {
- \markalphabet #8
- \markletter #8
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ g1 bes
+ ees\finger \markup \tied-lyric #"4~1"
+ fis_\markup { \dynamic rf }
+ bes^\markup {
+ \beam #8 #0.1 #0.5
+ }
+ cis
+ d-\markup {
+ \markalphabet #8
+ \markletter #8
+ }
}
@end lilypond
list of these symbols and their names can be found in
@ref{The Feta font}.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-c2
-c'^\markup { \musicglyph #"eight" }
-c,4
-c,8._\markup { \musicglyph #"clefs.G_change" }
-c16
-c2^\markup { \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural94" }
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ c''2
+ c'^\markup { \musicglyph #"eight" }
+ c,4
+ c,8._\markup { \musicglyph #"clefs.G_change" }
+ c16
+ c2^\markup { \musicglyph #"timesig.neomensural94" }
+}
@end lilypond
Another way of printing non-text glyphs is described in
The markup mode also supports diagrams for specific
instruments:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-c1^\markup {
- \fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2;3;2;"
-}
-c^\markup {
- \harp-pedal #"^-v|--ov^"
-}
-c
-c^\markup {
- \combine
- \musicglyph #"accordion.discant"
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ c''1^\markup {
+ \fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2;3;2;"
+ }
+ c^\markup {
+ \harp-pedal #"^-v|--ov^"
+ }
+ c
+ c^\markup {
\combine
- \raise #0.5 \musicglyph #"accordion.dot"
- \raise #1.5 \musicglyph #"accordion.dot"
+ \musicglyph #"accordion.discant"
+ \combine
+ \raise #0.5 \musicglyph #"accordion.dot"
+ \raise #1.5 \musicglyph #"accordion.dot"
+ }
}
@end lilypond
case, the nested @code{\score} block must contain a @code{\layout}
block, as demonstrated here:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
-c4 d^\markup {
- \score {
- \relative { c'4 d e f }
- \layout { }
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative {
+ c'4 d^\markup {
+ \score {
+ \relative { c'4 d e f }
+ \layout { }
+ }
}
+ e f |
+ c d e f
}
-e f |
-c d e f
@end lilypond
An exhaustive list of music notation related commands can be found in
LilyPond @code{feta} non-text fonts to be used directly in markup
mode:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-a1^\markup {
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment]
+a'1^\markup {
\vcenter {
\override #'(font-encoding . fetaBraces)
\lookup #"brace120"
series and sizes. The value supplied to @code{font-size} is the
required change from the default size.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment]
\override Score.RehearsalMark.font-family = #'typewriter
\mark \markup "Ouverture"
\override Voice.TextScript.font-shape = #'italic
\override Voice.TextScript.font-series = #'bold
-d2.^\markup "Allegro"
+d''2.^\markup "Allegro"
\override Voice.TextScript.font-size = #-3
-c4^smaller
+c''4^smaller
@end lilypond
@noindent
Any font that is installed on the operating system and recognized by
FontConfig may be used in a score, using the following syntax:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment]
\override Staff.TimeSignature.font-name = #"Bitstream Charter"
\override Staff.TimeSignature.font-size = #2
\time 3/4
-a1_\markup {
+a'1_\markup {
\override #'(font-name . "Vera Bold")
{ Vera Bold }
}
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff