Guide, node Updating translation committishes..
@end ignore
-@c \version "2.17.6"
+@c \version "2.17.11"
@ignore
GDP TODO list
Two types of blocks can contain layout settings:
@code{\paper @{@dots{}@}} and @code{\layout @{@dots{}@}}. The
-@code{\paper} block contains page layout settings that are
-expected to be the same for all scores in a book, such as the
+@code{\paper} block contains page layout settings that are expected
+to be the same for all scores in a book or bookpart, such as the
paper height, or whether to print page numbers, etc. See
@ref{Page layout}. The @code{\layout} block contains score layout
settings, such as the number of systems to use, or the space
@node The \paper block
@subsection The @code{\paper} block
-The @code{\paper} block can appear within a @code{\book} block,
-but not within a @code{\score} block. Settings in a @code{\paper}
-block apply to the entire book, which may include multiple scores.
+@code{\paper} blocks may be placed in three different places to form
+a descending hierarchy of @code{\paper} blocks:
+
+@itemize
+
+@item
+At the top of the input file, before all @code{\book},
+@code{\bookpart}, and @code{\score} blocks.
+
+@item
+Within a @code{\book} block but outside all the @code{\bookpart} and
+@code{\score} blocks within that book.
+
+@item
+Within a @code{\bookpart} block but outside all @code{\score} blocks
+within that bookpart.
+
+@end itemize
+
+A @code{\paper} block cannot be placed within a @code{\score} block.
+
+The values of the fields filter down this hierarchy, with the values
+set higher in the hierarchy persisting unless they are over-ridden
+by a value set lower in the hierarchy.
+
+Several @code{\paper} blocks can appear at each of the levels, for
+example as parts of several @code{\include}d files. If so, the
+fields at each level are merged, with values encountered last taking
+precedence if duplicated fields appear.
+
Settings that can appear in a @code{\paper} block include:
@itemize
\remove "Forbid_line_break_engraver"
} \relative c'' {
<<
- { c2. \times 2/3 { c4 c c } c2. | }
+ { c2. \tuplet 3/2 { c4 c c } c2. | }
{ s1 | \break s1 | }
>>
}
The @code{Page_turn_engraver} reads the context property
@code{minimumPageTurnLength} to determine how long a note-free section must
be before a page turn is considered. The default value for
-@code{minimumPageTurnLength} is @code{(ly:make-moment 1 1)}. If you want
+@code{minimumPageTurnLength} is @code{(ly:make-moment 1/1)}. If you want
to disable page turns, you can set it to something very large.
@example
a4 b c d |
R1 | % a page turn will be allowed here
a4 b c d |
- \set Staff.minimumPageTurnLength = #(ly:make-moment 5 2)
+ \set Staff.minimumPageTurnLength = #(ly:make-moment 5/2)
R1 | % a page turn will not be allowed here
a4 b r2 |
R1*2 | % a page turn will be allowed here
@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
music = \relative c'' { c4 c c c }
-\score {
- \new Staff <<
- \new Voice {
- s1 * 2 \break
- s1 * 3 \break
- s1 * 6 \break
- s1 * 5 \break
- }
- \new Voice {
- \repeat unfold 2 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 3 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 6 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 5 { \music }
- }
- >>
+\header { tagline = ##f }
+\paper { left-margin = 0\mm }
+\book {
+ \score {
+ \new Staff <<
+ \new Voice {
+ s1 * 2 \break
+ s1 * 3 \break
+ s1 * 6 \break
+ s1 * 5 \break
+ }
+ \new Voice {
+ \repeat unfold 2 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 3 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 6 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 5 { \music }
+ }
+ >>
+ }
}
@end lilypond
@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
music = \relative c'' { c4 c c c }
-\score {
- \new Staff <<
- \new Voice {
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0))
- s1 * 2 \break
-
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 35))
- s1 * 3 \break
-
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 70))
- s1 * 6 \break
-
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 105))
- s1 * 5 \break
- }
- \new Voice {
- \repeat unfold 2 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 3 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 6 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 5 { \music }
- }
- >>
+\header { tagline = ##f }
+\paper { left-margin = 0\mm }
+\book {
+ \score {
+ \new Staff <<
+ \new Voice {
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 0))
+ s1 * 2 \break
+
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 5))
+ s1 * 3 \break
+
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 15))
+ s1 * 6 \break
+
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 30))
+ s1 * 5 \break
+ }
+ \new Voice {
+ \repeat unfold 2 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 3 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 6 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 5 { \music }
+ }
+ >>
+ }
}
@end lilypond
@code{\overrideProperty} command:
@example
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((X-offset . 20))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 40))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 40))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20)
- (Y-offset . 40))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((X-offset . 20)
+ (Y-offset . 40))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((alignment-distances . (15)))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((alignment-distances . (15)))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20)
- (Y-offset . 40)
- (alignment-distances . (15)))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((X-offset . 20)
+ (Y-offset . 40)
+ (alignment-distances . (15)))
@end example
To understand how each of these different settings work, we begin
<<
\new Staff <<
\new Voice {
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 0))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 40))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 40))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 80))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 60))
s1*5 \break
}
\new Voice { \repeat unfold 15 { c'4 c' c' c' } }
<<
\new Staff <<
\new Voice {
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 20)
- (alignment-distances . (15)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 20)
+ (alignment-distances . (10)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 60)
- (alignment-distances . (15)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 60)
+ (alignment-distances . (15)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 100)
- (alignment-distances . (15)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 85)
+ (alignment-distances . (20)))
s1*5 \break
}
\new Voice { \repeat unfold 15 { c'4 c' c' c' } }
<<
\new Staff <<
\new Voice {
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0)
- (alignment-distances . (30 10)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 0)
+ (alignment-distances . (30 10)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 60)
- (alignment-distances . (10 10)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 60)
+ (alignment-distances . (10 10)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 100)
- (alignment-distances . (10 30)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 100)
+ (alignment-distances . (10 30)))
s1*5 \break
}
\new Voice { \repeat unfold 15 { c'4 c' c' c' } }
@end lilypond
-By default, outside-staff objects are placed only to avoid
+By default, outside-staff objects are placed so they avoid
a horizontal collision with previously-positioned grobs. This
-can lead to situations in which objects are placed very close to each
-other horizontally. The vertical spacing between staves can
-also be set so that outside staff objects are interleaved.
-Setting @code{outside-staff-horizontal-padding}
-causes an object to be offset vertically so that such a situation
-doesn't occur.
+can lead to situations in which objects are placed close to each
+other horizontally.
+As shown in the example below, setting @code{outside-staff-horizontal-padding}
+increases the horizontal spacing required, and in this case moves the text up
+to prevent it from getting too close to the ledger lines.
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,verbatim]
-% the markup is too close to the following note
-c4^"Text"
-c4
-c''2
-% setting outside-staff-horizontal-padding fixes this
+c4^"Word" c c''2
R1
\once \override TextScript.outside-staff-horizontal-padding = #1
-c,,4^"Text"
-c4
-c''2
+c,,4^"Word" c c''2
@end lilypond
@seealso
The quarter note is followed by 2 NHW, the half by 3 NHW, etc.
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
-c2 c4. c8 c4. c8 c4. c8 c8
-c8 c4 c4 c4
+c2 c4. c8
+c4. c8 c4. c8
+c8 c c4 c c
@end lilypond
Normally, @code{spacing-increment} is set to 1.2 staff space, which is
to the example above, they would be followed by half a NHW:
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-c2 c4. c8 c4. c16[ c] c4. c8 c8 c8 c4 c4 c4
+c2 c4. c8 | c4. c16[ c] c4. c8 | c8 c c4 c c
@end lilypond
@node New spacing area
@subsection New spacing area
+@funindex \newSpacingSection
+@cindex new spacing area
+@cindex spacing area, new
+@cindex notes, spacing horizontally
+
New sections with different spacing parameters can be started with
@code{newSpacingSection}. This is useful when there are
sections with a different notions of long and short notes.
In the following example, the time signature change introduces a new
-section, and hence the 16ths notes are spaced wider.
+section, and hence the 16ths notes are automatically spaced slightly
+wider.
@lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,quote]
\time 2/4
@end lilypond
The @code{\newSpacingSection} command creates a new
-@code{SpacingSpanner} object, and hence new @code{\override}s
-may be used in that location.
+@code{SpacingSpanner} object at that musical moment.
+If the automatic spacing adjustments do not give the required spacing,
+manual @code{\override}s may be applied to its properties. These must
+be applied at the same musical moment as the @code{\newSpacingSection}
+command itself. They will then affect the spacing of all the following
+music until the properties are changed in a new spacing section, for
+example,
+
+@lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,quote]
+\time 4/16
+c16[ c c8]
+\newSpacingSection
+\override Score.SpacingSpanner.spacing-increment = #2
+c16[ c c8]
+\newSpacingSection
+\revert Score.SpacingSpanner.spacing-increment
+c16[ c c8]
+@end lilypond
+
@seealso
Snippets:
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- \override SpacingSpanner.base-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
+ \override SpacingSpanner.base-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
}
}
}
\score {
<<
\new Staff {
- \times 4/5 {
- c8 c8 c8 c8 c8
- }
- c8 c8 c8 c8
+ \tuplet 5/4 { c8 c c c c } c8 c c c
}
\new Staff {
- c8 c8 c8 c8
- \times 4/5 {
- c8 c8 c8 c8 c8
- }
+ c8 c c c \tuplet 5/4 { c8 c c c c }
}
>>
\layout {
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,verbatim]
\override Score.SpacingSpanner.strict-note-spacing = ##t
-\new Staff { c8[ c \clef alto c \grace { c16[ c] } c8 c c] c32[ c32] }
+\new Staff { c8[ c \clef alto c \grace { c16[ c] } c8 c c] c32[ c] }
@end lilypond
@seealso
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c'2 c'16 c' c' c' \tuplet 5/4 { c'16 c' c' c' c' }
}
>>
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c'2 c'16 c' c' c' \tuplet 5/4 { c'16 c' c' c' c' }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 20)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/20)
}
}
}
which is the reference duration against that all music will be spaced.
The LilyPond Scheme function @code{make-moment} takes two arguments
-- a numerator and denominator which together express some fraction of
-a whole note. The call @code{(ly:make-moment 1 20)} therefore produces
+a whole note. The call @code{(ly:make-moment 1/20)} therefore produces
a reference duration of a twentieth note. Values such as
-@code{(ly:make-moment 1 16)}, @code{(ly:make-moment 1 8)}, and
-@code{(ly:make-moment 3 97)} are all possible as well.
+@code{(ly:make-moment 1/16)}, @code{(ly:make-moment 1/8)}, and
+@code{(ly:make-moment 3/97)} are all possible as well.
How do we select the right reference duration to pass to
@code{proportionalNotationDuration}? Usually by a process of trial
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c'2 c'16 c' c' c' \tuplet 5/4 { c'16 c' c' c' c' }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 8)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/8)
}
}
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c'2 c'16 c' c' c' \tuplet 5/4 { c'16 c' c' c' c' }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
}
}
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c'2 c'16 c' c' c' \tuplet 5/4 { c'16 c' c' c' c' }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 32)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/32)
}
}
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c'2 c'16 c' c' c' \tuplet 5/4 { c'16 c' c' c' c' }
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
- \times 8/9 {
- c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8
- }
+ \tuplet 9/8 { c'8 c' c' c' c' c' c' c' c' }
}
>>
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c'2 c'16 c' c' c' \tuplet 5/4 { c'16 c' c' c' c' }
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
- \times 8/9 {
- c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8
- }
+ \tuplet 9/8 { c'8 c' c' c' c' c' c' c' c' }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 20)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/20)
}
}
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c'2 c'16 c' c' c' \tuplet 5/4 { c'16 c' c' c' c' }
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
- \times 8/9 {
- c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8
- }
+ \tuplet 9/8 { c'8 c' c' c' c' c' c' c' c' }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 20)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/20)
\override SpacingSpanner.uniform-stretching = ##t
}
}
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right]
\new Staff {
- \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
- c''8
- c''8
- c''8
- \clef alto
- d'8
- d'2
+ \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
+ c''8 c'' c'' \clef alto d' d'2
}
\new Staff {
- \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
+ \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
\override Score.SpacingSpanner.strict-note-spacing = ##t
- c''8
- c''8
- c''8
- \clef alto
- d'8
- d'2
+ c''8 c'' c'' \clef alto d' d'2
}
@end lilypond
@itemize
@item @code{\override SpacingSpanner.strict-grace-spacing = ##t}
-@item @code{tupletFullLength = ##t}
+@item @code{\set tupletFullLength = ##t}
@item @code{\override Beam.breakable = ##t}
@item @code{\override Glissando.breakable = ##t}
@item @code{\override TextSpanner.breakable = ##t}
that may be altered for page formatting, set
@code{annotate-spacing} in the @code{\paper} block:
-@c need to have \book{} otherwise we get the separate systems. -hwn
-@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
-#(set-default-paper-size "a6" 'landscape)
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,papersize=a6landscape]
\book {
\score { { c4 } }
\paper { annotate-spacing = ##t }
@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
e4 c g\f c
-e4 c g-\tweak X-offset #-2.7 -\tweak Y-offset #2.5 \f c
+e4 c g-\tweak X-offset #-2.7 \f c
@end lilypond
@item
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- \override SpacingSpanner.common-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1 2)
+ \override SpacingSpanner.common-shortest-duration =
+ #(ly:make-moment 1/2)
}
}
}
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff