Guide, node Updating translation committishes..
@end ignore
-@c \version "2.17.6"
+@c \version "2.17.30"
@ignore
GDP TODO list
Two types of blocks can contain layout settings:
@code{\paper @{@dots{}@}} and @code{\layout @{@dots{}@}}. The
-@code{\paper} block contains page layout settings that are
-expected to be the same for all scores in a book, such as the
+@code{\paper} block contains page layout settings that are expected
+to be the same for all scores in a book or bookpart, such as the
paper height, or whether to print page numbers, etc. See
@ref{Page layout}. The @code{\layout} block contains score layout
settings, such as the number of systems to use, or the space
block.
@menu
-* The \paper block::
+* The paper block::
* Paper size and automatic scaling::
-* Fixed vertical spacing \paper variables::
-* Flexible vertical spacing \paper variables::
-* Horizontal spacing \paper variables::
-* Other \paper variables::
+* Fixed vertical spacing paper variables::
+* Flexible vertical spacing paper variables::
+* Horizontal spacing paper variables::
+* Other paper variables::
@end menu
-@node The \paper block
-@subsection The @code{\paper} block
+@node The paper block
+@subsection The @code{@bs{}paper} block
+
+@code{\paper} blocks may be placed in three different places to form
+a descending hierarchy of @code{\paper} blocks:
+
+@itemize
+
+@item
+At the top of the input file, before all @code{\book},
+@code{\bookpart}, and @code{\score} blocks.
+
+@item
+Within a @code{\book} block but outside all the @code{\bookpart} and
+@code{\score} blocks within that book.
+
+@item
+Within a @code{\bookpart} block but outside all @code{\score} blocks
+within that bookpart.
+
+@end itemize
+
+A @code{\paper} block cannot be placed within a @code{\score} block.
+
+The values of the fields filter down this hierarchy, with the values
+set higher in the hierarchy persisting unless they are over-ridden
+by a value set lower in the hierarchy.
+
+Several @code{\paper} blocks can appear at each of the levels, for
+example as parts of several @code{\include}d files. If so, the
+fields at each level are merged, with values encountered last taking
+precedence if duplicated fields appear.
-The @code{\paper} block can appear within a @code{\book} block,
-but not within a @code{\score} block. Settings in a @code{\paper}
-block apply to the entire book, which may include multiple scores.
Settings that can appear in a @code{\paper} block include:
@itemize
Most @code{\paper} variables will only work in a @code{\paper}
block. The few that will also work in a @code{\layout} block are
-listed in @ref{The \layout block}.
+listed in @ref{The layout block,,The @code{@bs{}layout} block}.
Except when specified otherwise, all @code{\paper} variables that
correspond to distances on the page are measured in millimeters,
Notation Reference:
@ref{Paper size and automatic scaling},
@ref{Custom titles headers and footers},
-@ref{The \layout block}.
+@ref{The layout block,,The @code{@bs{}layout} block}.
Installed Files:
@file{ly/paper-defaults-init.ly}.
@unnumberedsubsubsec Setting the paper size
@q{A4} is the default value when no explicit paper size is set. However,
-there are two functions that can be used to change it
-@code{set-default-paper-size},
+there are two functions that can be used to change it:
+
+@table @code
+@item set-default-paper-size
@example
#(set-default-paper-size "quarto")
@end example
-which must always be placed at the toplevel scope. and
-@code{set-paper-size},
+which must always be placed at the toplevel scope, and
+
+@item set-paper-size
@example
\paper @{
@end example
which must always be placed in a @code{\paper} block.
+@end table
If the @code{set-default-paper-size} function is used in the toplevel
-scope, it must come before the any @code{\paper} block.
+scope, it must come before any @code{\paper} block.
@code{set-default-paper-size} sets the paper size for all pages,
whereas @code{set-paper-size} only sets the paper size for the pages
that the @code{\paper} block applies to. For example, if the
The vertical dimensions affected by automatic scaling are
@code{top-margin} and @code{bottom-margin} (see
-@ref{Fixed vertical spacing \paper variables}). The horizontal
+@ref{Fixed vertical spacing paper variables,,Fixed vertical spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables}).
+The horizontal
dimensions affected by automatic scaling are @code{left-margin},
@code{right-margin}, @code{inner-margin}, @code{outer-margin},
@code{binding-offset}, @code{indent}, and @code{short-indent} (see
-@ref{Horizontal spacing \paper variables}).
+@ref{Horizontal spacing paper variables,,Horizontal spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables}).
The default values for these dimensions are set in
@file{ly/paper-defaults-init.ly}, using internal variables named
@seealso
Notation Reference:
-@ref{Fixed vertical spacing \paper variables},
-@ref{Horizontal spacing \paper variables}.
+@ref{Fixed vertical spacing paper variables,,Fixed vertical spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables},
+@ref{Horizontal spacing paper variables,,Horizontal spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables}.
Installed Files:
@file{ly/paper-defaults-init.ly},
@file{scm/paper.scm}.
-@node Fixed vertical spacing \paper variables
-@subsection Fixed vertical spacing @code{\paper} variables
+@node Fixed vertical spacing paper variables
+@subsection Fixed vertical spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables
@warning{Some @code{@bs{}paper} dimensions are automatically
scaled to the paper size, which may lead to unexpected behavior.
@item ragged-bottom
@funindex ragged-bottom
-If set to true, systems will not spread vertically down the page.
-This does not affect the last page. This should be set to true
-for pieces that have only two or three systems per page, for
-example orchestral scores.
+If this is set to true,
+systems will be set at their natural spacing, neither compressed
+nor stretched vertically to fit the page.
@item ragged-last-bottom
@funindex ragged-last-bottom
-If set to false, systems will spread vertically down the last
-page. Pieces that amply fill two pages or more should have this
-set to false. It also affects the last page of book parts, i.e.
-parts of a book created with @code{\bookpart} blocks.
+If this is set to false, then the last page,
+and the last page in each section created with a @code{\bookpart} block,
+will be vertically justified in the same way as the earlier pages.
@end table
bottom margin settings.
-@node Flexible vertical spacing \paper variables
-@subsection Flexible vertical spacing @code{\paper} variables
+@node Flexible vertical spacing paper variables
+@subsection Flexible vertical spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables
In most cases, it is preferable for the vertical distances between
certain items (such as margins, titles, systems, and separate
@menu
* Structure of flexible vertical spacing alists::
-* List of flexible vertical spacing \paper variables::
+* List of flexible vertical spacing paper variables::
@end menu
@end example
-@node List of flexible vertical spacing \paper variables
-@unnumberedsubsubsec List of flexible vertical spacing @code{\paper} variables
+@node List of flexible vertical spacing paper variables
+@unnumberedsubsubsec List of flexible vertical spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables
The names of these variables follow the format
@code{@var{upper}-@var{lower}-spacing}, where @code{@var{upper}}
@rlsr{Spacing}.
-@node Horizontal spacing \paper variables
-@subsection Horizontal spacing @code{\paper} variables
+@node Horizontal spacing paper variables
+@subsection Horizontal spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables
@warning{Some @code{@bs{}paper} dimensions are automatically
scaled to the paper size, which may lead to unexpected behavior.
See @ref{Automatic scaling to paper size}.}
@menu
-* \paper variables for widths and margins::
-* \paper variables for two-sided mode::
-* \paper variables for shifts and indents::
+* paper variables for widths and margins::
+* paper variables for two-sided mode::
+* paper variables for shifts and indents::
@end menu
-@node \paper variables for widths and margins
-@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{\paper} variables for widths and margins
+@node paper variables for widths and margins
+@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{@bs{}paper} variables for widths and margins
Default values (before scaling) that are not listed here are
defined in @file{ly/paper-defaults-init.ly}.
right margin settings.
-@node \paper variables for two-sided mode
-@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{\paper} variables for two-sided mode
+@node paper variables for two-sided mode
+@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{@bs{}paper} variables for two-sided mode
Default values (before scaling) are defined in
@file{ly/paper-defaults-init.ly}.
@file{ly/paper-defaults-init.ly}.
-@node \paper variables for shifts and indents
-@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{\paper} variables for shifts and indents
+@node paper variables for shifts and indents
+@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{@bs{}paper} variables for shifts and indents
Default values (before scaling) that are not listed here are
defined in @file{ly/paper-defaults-init.ly}.
@rlsr{Spacing}.
-@node Other \paper variables
-@subsection Other @code{\paper} variables
+@node Other paper variables
+@subsection Other @code{@bs{}paper} variables
@menu
-* \paper variables for line breaking::
-* \paper variables for page breaking::
-* \paper variables for page numbering::
-* Miscellaneous \paper variables::
+* paper variables for line breaking::
+* paper variables for page breaking::
+* paper variables for page numbering::
+* Miscellaneous paper variables::
@end menu
-@node \paper variables for line breaking
-@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{\paper} variables for line breaking
+@node paper variables for line breaking
+@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{@bs{}paper} variables for line breaking
@table @code
@ref{Line breaking}.
-@node \paper variables for page breaking
-@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{\paper} variables for page breaking
+@node paper variables for page breaking
+@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{@bs{}paper} variables for page breaking
Default values not listed here are defined in
@file{ly/paper-defaults-init.ly}
@file{ly/paper-defaults-init.ly}.
-@node \paper variables for page numbering
-@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{\paper} variables for page numbering
+@node paper variables for page numbering
+@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{@bs{}paper} variables for page numbering
Default values not listed here are defined in
@file{ly/paper-defaults-init.ly}
of the cover page so that page 1 is on the right hand side.
-@node Miscellaneous \paper variables
-@unnumberedsubsubsec Miscellaneous @code{\paper} variables
+@node Miscellaneous paper variables
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Miscellaneous @code{@bs{}paper} variables
@table @code
block.
@menu
-* The \layout block::
+* The layout block::
* Setting the staff size::
@end menu
-@node The \layout block
-@subsection The @code{\layout} block
+@node The layout block
+@subsection The @code{@bs{}layout} block
@funindex \layout
@item
@code{line-width}, @code{ragged-right} and @code{ragged-last}
-(see @ref{\paper variables for widths and margins})
+(see @ref{paper variables for widths and margins,,@code{@bs{}paper} variables for widths and margins})
@item
@code{indent} and @code{short-indent}
-(see @ref{\paper variables for shifts and indents})
+(see @ref{paper variables for shifts and indents,,@code{@bs{}paper} variables for shifts and indents})
@item
@code{system-count}
-(see @ref{\paper variables for line breaking})
+(see @ref{paper variables for line breaking,,@code{@bs{}paper} variables for line breaking})
@end itemize
@end example
it will hold the current @code{\layout} configuration with the
-@code{NoteHead #'font-size} override added, but this combination
+@code{NoteHead.font-size} override added, but this combination
is @emph{not} saved as the new current configuration. Be aware
that the @q{current configuration} is read when the variable is
defined and not when it is used, so the content of the variable
consist of:
@example
- TextScript #'padding = #1
- TextScript #'color = #magenta
- Glissando #'thickness = #1.5
- NoteHead #' font-size = #4
- NoteHead #' color = #red
+ TextScript.padding = #1
+ TextScript.color = #magenta
+ Glissando.thickness = #1.5
+ NoteHead.font-size = #4
+ NoteHead.color = #red
@end example
plus the @code{indent} and the @code{StaffGrouper} overrides.
only
@example
- NoteHead #' font-size= #4 % (written in the variable definition)
- NoteHead #' color = #red % (added after the use of the variable)
+ NoteHead.font-size = #4 % (written in the variable definition)
+ NoteHead.color = #red % (added after the use of the variable)
@end example
If carefully planned, @code{\layout} variables can be a valuable tool
\remove "Forbid_line_break_engraver"
} \relative c'' {
<<
- { c2. \times 2/3 { c4 c c } c2. | }
+ { c2. \tuplet 3/2 { c4 c c } c2. | }
{ s1 | \break s1 | }
>>
}
@seealso
Notation Reference:
-@ref{\paper variables for line breaking}.
+@ref{paper variables for line breaking,,@code{@bs{}paper} variables for line breaking}.
Snippets:
@rlsr{Spacing}.
inserted at top-level, between scores and top-level markups.
There are also analogous settings to @code{ragged-right} and
-@code{ragged-last} which have the same effect on vertical spacing:
-@code{ragged-bottom} and @code{ragged-last-bottom}. If set to
-@code{#t} the systems on all pages or just the last page
-respectively will not be justified vertically. See
-@ref{Fixed vertical spacing \paper variables}.
+@code{ragged-last} which have the same effect on vertical spacing.
+If @code{ragged-bottom} is set to @code{#t} the systems will not
+be justified vertically. When @code{ragged-last-bottom} is set
+to @code{#t}, as it is by default, empty space is allowed at the
+bottom of the final page (or the final page in each
+@code{\bookpart}). See
+@ref{Fixed vertical spacing paper variables,,Fixed vertical spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables}.
Page breaks are computed by the @code{page-breaking} function. LilyPond
provides three algorithms for computing page breaks,
@seealso
Notation Reference:
-@ref{\paper variables for page breaking}.
+@ref{paper variables for page breaking,,@code{@bs{}paper} variables for page breaking}.
Snippets:
@rlsr{Spacing}.
The @code{Page_turn_engraver} reads the context property
@code{minimumPageTurnLength} to determine how long a note-free section must
be before a page turn is considered. The default value for
-@code{minimumPageTurnLength} is @code{(ly:make-moment 1 1)}. If you want
+@code{minimumPageTurnLength} is @code{(ly:make-moment 1/1)}. If you want
to disable page turns, you can set it to something very large.
@example
a4 b c d |
R1 | % a page turn will be allowed here
a4 b c d |
- \set Staff.minimumPageTurnLength = #(ly:make-moment 5 2)
+ \set Staff.minimumPageTurnLength = #(ly:make-moment 5/2)
R1 | % a page turn will not be allowed here
a4 b r2 |
R1*2 | % a page turn will be allowed here
@seealso
Notation Reference:
-@ref{\paper variables for line breaking}.
+@ref{paper variables for line breaking,,@code{@bs{}paper} variables for line breaking}.
Snippets:
@rlsr{Spacing}.
@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
music = \relative c'' { c4 c c c }
-\score {
- \new Staff <<
- \new Voice {
- s1 * 2 \break
- s1 * 3 \break
- s1 * 6 \break
- s1 * 5 \break
- }
- \new Voice {
- \repeat unfold 2 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 3 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 6 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 5 { \music }
- }
- >>
+\header { tagline = ##f }
+\paper { left-margin = 0\mm }
+\book {
+ \score {
+ \new Staff <<
+ \new Voice {
+ s1 * 2 \break
+ s1 * 3 \break
+ s1 * 6 \break
+ s1 * 5 \break
+ }
+ \new Voice {
+ \repeat unfold 2 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 3 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 6 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 5 { \music }
+ }
+ >>
+ }
}
@end lilypond
@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
music = \relative c'' { c4 c c c }
-\score {
- \new Staff <<
- \new Voice {
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0))
- s1 * 2 \break
-
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 35))
- s1 * 3 \break
-
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 70))
- s1 * 6 \break
-
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 105))
- s1 * 5 \break
- }
- \new Voice {
- \repeat unfold 2 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 3 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 6 { \music }
- \repeat unfold 5 { \music }
- }
- >>
+\header { tagline = ##f }
+\paper { left-margin = 0\mm }
+\book {
+ \score {
+ \new Staff <<
+ \new Voice {
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 0))
+ s1 * 2 \break
+
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 5))
+ s1 * 3 \break
+
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 15))
+ s1 * 6 \break
+
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 30))
+ s1 * 5 \break
+ }
+ \new Voice {
+ \repeat unfold 2 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 3 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 6 { \music }
+ \repeat unfold 5 { \music }
+ }
+ >>
+ }
}
@end lilypond
individual systems. The vertical spacing between separate
systems, scores, markups, and margins is controlled by
@code{\paper} variables, which are discussed in
-@ref{Flexible vertical spacing \paper variables}.
+@ref{Flexible vertical spacing paper variables,,Flexible vertical spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables}.
@menu
* Within-system spacing properties::
@item @code{ChordNames} @tab baseline
@item @code{NoteNames} @tab baseline
@item @code{Lyrics} @tab baseline
-@item @code{Dynamics} @tab vertical center
+@item @code{Dynamics} @tab mid-height of @q{m}
@item @code{FiguredBass} @tab highest point
@item @code{FretBoards} @tab top line
@end multitable
\lowerCaseChords }
\context { \FretBoards \alignToZero \staffAffinityDown }
\context { \Score
- \override BarLine.stencil = ##f
+ \omit BarLine
\override DynamicText.self-alignment-X = #-1
\override FretBoard.X-offset = #1.75
\override InstrumentName.minimum-Y-extent = #'(-2 . 2)
\override InstrumentName.extra-offset = #'(0 . -0.5)
\override TextScript.minimum-Y-extent = #'(-2 . 3)
- \override TimeSignature.stencil = ##f
+ \omit TimeSignature
}
}
\new Lyrics { \lyrics { \skip 1*2 | ghijk1 | } }
>>
-%% The reference point for Dynamics is its vertical center
+%% The reference point for Dynamics is the midline of 'm' in the font
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- \set RhythmicStaff.instrumentName = #"vertical center "
+ \set RhythmicStaff.instrumentName = #"mid-height "
\labelContext "Dynamics" s1*3
}
\new Dynamics { s1\mp s\fp }
Each of the vertical spacing grob properties (except
@code{staff-affinity}) uses the same alist structure as the
@code{\paper} spacing variables discussed in
-@ref{Flexible vertical spacing \paper variables}. Specific methods
+@ref{Flexible vertical spacing paper variables,,Flexible vertical spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables}.
+Specific methods
for modifying alists are discussed in @ref{Modifying alists}.
Grob properties should be adjusted with an @code{\override} inside
a @code{\score} or @code{\layout} block, and not inside a
@seealso
Notation Reference:
-@ref{Flexible vertical spacing \paper variables},
+@ref{Flexible vertical spacing paper variables,,Flexible vertical spacing @code{@bs{}paper} variables},
@ref{Modifying alists}.
Installed Files:
amount of vertical padding between staves and systems.
It is possible to approach vertical spacing in a different way
-using @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-system-details}.
+using @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details}.
While the flexible vertical spacing mechanisms specify vertical
-padding, @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-system-details}
+padding, @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details}
can specify exact vertical positions on the page.
-@code{NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-system-details} accepts
+@code{NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details} accepts
an associative list of three different settings:
@itemize
@code{\overrideProperty} command:
@example
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((X-offset . 20))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 40))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 40))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20)
- (Y-offset . 40))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((X-offset . 20)
+ (Y-offset . 40))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((alignment-distances . (15)))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((alignment-distances . (15)))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20)
- (Y-offset . 40)
- (alignment-distances . (15)))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((X-offset . 20)
+ (Y-offset . 40)
+ (alignment-distances . (15)))
@end example
To understand how each of these different settings work, we begin
<<
\new Staff <<
\new Voice {
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 0))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 40))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 40))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 80))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 60))
s1*5 \break
}
\new Voice { \repeat unfold 15 { c'4 c' c' c' } }
<<
\new Staff <<
\new Voice {
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 20)
- (alignment-distances . (15)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 20)
+ (alignment-distances . (10)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 60)
- (alignment-distances . (15)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 60)
+ (alignment-distances . (15)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 100)
- (alignment-distances . (15)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 85)
+ (alignment-distances . (20)))
s1*5 \break
}
\new Voice { \repeat unfold 15 { c'4 c' c' c' } }
<<
\new Staff <<
\new Voice {
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0)
- (alignment-distances . (30 10)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 0)
+ (alignment-distances . (30 10)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 60)
- (alignment-distances . (10 10)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 60)
+ (alignment-distances . (10 10)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 100)
- (alignment-distances . (10 30)))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details
+ #'((Y-offset . 100)
+ (alignment-distances . (10 30)))
s1*5 \break
}
\new Voice { \repeat unfold 15 { c'4 c' c' c' } }
of the distance between adjacent staff lines. Positive values move staves
and lyrics up, negative values move staves and lyrics down.
-@item Because the @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-system-details}
+@item Because the @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details}
settings given here allow the positioning of staves and systems anywhere
on the page, it is possible to violate paper or margin boundaries or even
to print staves or systems on top of one another. Reasonable values
c4_"Text"\pp % now they will collide
@end lilypond
-The vertical padding between an outside-staff object and the
-previously-positioned grobs can be controlled with
-@code{outside-staff-padding}.
+The vertical padding around outside-staff objects
+can be controlled with @code{outside-staff-padding}.
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,verbatim,staffsize=18]
\once \override TextScript.outside-staff-padding = #0
-a'^"This text is placed very close to the note"
+a4-"outside-staff-padding = #0"
\once \override TextScript.outside-staff-padding = #3
-c^"This text is padded away from the previous text"
-c^"This text is placed close to the previous text"
+d-"outside-staff-padding = #3"
+c-"default outside-staff-padding"
+b-"default outside-staff-padding"
+R1
@end lilypond
-By default, outside-staff objects are placed only to avoid
+By default, outside-staff objects are placed so they avoid
a horizontal collision with previously-positioned grobs. This
-can lead to situations in which objects are placed very close to each
-other horizontally. The vertical spacing between staves can
-also be set so that outside staff objects are interleaved.
-Setting @code{outside-staff-horizontal-padding}
-causes an object to be offset vertically so that such a situation
-doesn't occur.
+can lead to situations in which objects are placed close to each
+other horizontally.
+As shown in the example below, setting @code{outside-staff-horizontal-padding}
+increases the horizontal spacing required, and in this case moves the text up
+to prevent it from getting too close to the ledger lines.
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,verbatim]
-% the markup is too close to the following note
-c4^"Text"
-c4
-c''2
-% setting outside-staff-horizontal-padding fixes this
+c4^"Word" c c''2
R1
\once \override TextScript.outside-staff-horizontal-padding = #1
-c,,4^"Text"
-c4
-c''2
+c,,4^"Word" c c''2
@end lilypond
@seealso
The quarter note is followed by 2 NHW, the half by 3 NHW, etc.
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
-c2 c4. c8 c4. c8 c4. c8 c8
-c8 c4 c4 c4
+c2 c4. c8
+c4. c8 c4. c8
+c8 c c4 c c
@end lilypond
Normally, @code{spacing-increment} is set to 1.2 staff space, which is
to the example above, they would be followed by half a NHW:
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-c2 c4. c8 c4. c16[ c] c4. c8 c8 c8 c4 c4 c4
+c2 c4. c8 | c4. c16[ c] c4. c8 | c8 c c4 c c
@end lilypond
@node New spacing area
@subsection New spacing area
+@funindex \newSpacingSection
+@cindex new spacing area
+@cindex spacing area, new
+@cindex notes, spacing horizontally
+
New sections with different spacing parameters can be started with
@code{newSpacingSection}. This is useful when there are
sections with a different notions of long and short notes.
In the following example, the time signature change introduces a new
-section, and hence the 16ths notes are spaced wider.
+section, and hence the 16ths notes are automatically spaced slightly
+wider.
@lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,quote]
\time 2/4
@end lilypond
The @code{\newSpacingSection} command creates a new
-@code{SpacingSpanner} object, and hence new @code{\override}s
-may be used in that location.
+@code{SpacingSpanner} object at that musical moment.
+If the automatic spacing adjustments do not give the required spacing,
+manual @code{\override}s may be applied to its properties. These must
+be applied at the same musical moment as the @code{\newSpacingSection}
+command itself. They will then affect the spacing of all the following
+music until the properties are changed in a new spacing section, for
+example,
+
+@lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,quote]
+\time 4/16
+c16[ c c8]
+\newSpacingSection
+\override Score.SpacingSpanner.spacing-increment = #2
+c16[ c c8]
+\newSpacingSection
+\revert Score.SpacingSpanner.spacing-increment
+c16[ c c8]
+@end lilypond
+
@seealso
Snippets:
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- \override SpacingSpanner.base-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
+ \override SpacingSpanner.base-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
}
}
}
By default, spacing in tuplets depends on various non-duration
factors (such as accidentals, clef changes, etc). To disregard
such symbols and force uniform equal-duration spacing, use
-@code{Score.SpacingSpanner #'uniform-stretching}. This
+@code{Score.SpacingSpanner.uniform-stretching}. This
property can only be changed at the beginning of a score,
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
\score {
<<
\new Staff {
- \times 4/5 {
- c8 c8 c8 c8 c8
- }
- c8 c8 c8 c8
+ \tuplet 5/4 { c8 c c c c } c8 c c c
}
\new Staff {
- c8 c8 c8 c8
- \times 4/5 {
- c8 c8 c8 c8 c8
- }
+ c8 c c c \tuplet 5/4 { c8 c c c c }
}
>>
\layout {
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,verbatim]
\override Score.SpacingSpanner.strict-note-spacing = ##t
-\new Staff { c8[ c \clef alto c \grace { c16[ c] } c8 c c] c32[ c32] }
+\new Staff { c8[ c \clef alto c \grace { c16 c } c8 c c] c32[ c] }
@end lilypond
@seealso
We start with the following one-measure example, which uses classical
spacing with ragged-right turned on.
+@c The initial pitch is not necessary as long as RhythmicStaff is
+@c not preceded by other material in the score, but we don't want
+@c to explain that.
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right]
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c2 16 16 16 16 \tuplet 5/4 { 16 16 16 16 16 }
}
>>
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c2 16 16 16 16 \tuplet 5/4 { 16 16 16 16 16 }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 20)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/20)
}
}
}
which is the reference duration against that all music will be spaced.
The LilyPond Scheme function @code{make-moment} takes two arguments
-- a numerator and denominator which together express some fraction of
-a whole note. The call @code{(ly:make-moment 1 20)} therefore produces
+a whole note. The call @code{(ly:make-moment 1/20)} therefore produces
a reference duration of a twentieth note. Values such as
-@code{(ly:make-moment 1 16)}, @code{(ly:make-moment 1 8)}, and
-@code{(ly:make-moment 3 97)} are all possible as well.
+@code{(ly:make-moment 1/16)}, @code{(ly:make-moment 1/8)}, and
+@code{(ly:make-moment 3/97)} are all possible as well.
How do we select the right reference duration to pass to
@code{proportionalNotationDuration}? Usually by a process of trial
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c2 16 16 16 16 \tuplet 5/4 { 16 16 16 16 16 }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 8)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/8)
}
}
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c2 16 16 16 16 \tuplet 5/4 { 16 16 16 16 16 }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
}
}
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c2 16 16 16 16 \tuplet 5/4 { 16 16 16 16 16 }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 32)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/32)
}
}
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c2 16 16 16 16 \tuplet 5/4 { 16 16 16 16 16 }
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
- \times 8/9 {
- c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8
- }
+ \tuplet 9/8 { c8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 }
}
>>
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c2 16 16 16 16 \tuplet 5/4 { 16 16 16 16 16 }
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
- \times 8/9 {
- c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8
- }
+ \tuplet 9/8 { c8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 20)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/20)
}
}
}
\score {
<<
\new RhythmicStaff {
- c'2
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
- c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- }
+ c2 16 16 16 16 \tuplet 5/4 { 16 16 16 16 16 }
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
- \times 8/9 {
- c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8
- }
+ \tuplet 9/8 { c8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 }
}
>>
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 20)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/20)
\override SpacingSpanner.uniform-stretching = ##t
}
}
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right]
\new Staff {
- \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
- c''8
- c''8
- c''8
- \clef alto
- d'8
- d'2
+ \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
+ c''8 8 8 \clef alto d'2 2
}
\new Staff {
- \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
+ \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
\override Score.SpacingSpanner.strict-note-spacing = ##t
- c''8
- c''8
- c''8
- \clef alto
- d'8
- d'2
+ c''8 8 8 \clef alto d'2 2
}
@end lilypond
@itemize
@item @code{\override SpacingSpanner.strict-grace-spacing = ##t}
-@item @code{tupletFullLength = ##t}
+@item @code{\set tupletFullLength = ##t}
@item @code{\override Beam.breakable = ##t}
@item @code{\override Glissando.breakable = ##t}
@item @code{\override TextSpanner.breakable = ##t}
that may be altered for page formatting, set
@code{annotate-spacing} in the @code{\paper} block:
-@c need to have \book{} otherwise we get the separate systems. -hwn
-@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
-#(set-default-paper-size "a6" 'landscape)
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,papersize=a6landscape]
\book {
\score { { c4 } }
\paper { annotate-spacing = ##t }
@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
e4 c g\f c
-e4 c g-\tweak X-offset #-2.7 -\tweak Y-offset #2.5 \f c
+e4 c g-\tweak X-offset #-2.7 \f c
@end lilypond
@item
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- \override SpacingSpanner.common-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1 2)
+ \override SpacingSpanner.common-shortest-duration =
+ #(ly:make-moment 1/2)
}
}
}
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff