Guide, node Updating translation committishes..
@end ignore
-@c \version "2.15.20"
+@c \version "2.17.11"
@ignore
GDP TODO list
Could we add a sentence:
"Use instead the pair fontSize = #@var{N}
- \override StaffSymbol #'staff-space = #(magstep
+ \override StaffSymbol.staff-space = #(magstep
@var{N})
inside the Staff context to change the size of the font and the
distance between
Two types of blocks can contain layout settings:
@code{\paper @{@dots{}@}} and @code{\layout @{@dots{}@}}. The
-@code{\paper} block contains page layout settings that are
-expected to be the same for all scores in a book, such as the
+@code{\paper} block contains page layout settings that are expected
+to be the same for all scores in a book or bookpart, such as the
paper height, or whether to print page numbers, etc. See
@ref{Page layout}. The @code{\layout} block contains score layout
settings, such as the number of systems to use, or the space
@node The \paper block
@subsection The @code{\paper} block
-The @code{\paper} block can appear within a @code{\book} block,
-but not within a @code{\score} block. Settings in a @code{\paper}
-block apply to the entire book, which may include multiple scores.
+@code{\paper} blocks may be placed in three different places to form
+a descending hierarchy of @code{\paper} blocks:
+
+@itemize
+
+@item
+At the top of the input file, before all @code{\book},
+@code{\bookpart}, and @code{\score} blocks.
+
+@item
+Within a @code{\book} block but outside all the @code{\bookpart} and
+@code{\score} blocks within that book.
+
+@item
+Within a @code{\bookpart} block but outside all @code{\score} blocks
+within that bookpart.
+
+@end itemize
+
+A @code{\paper} block cannot be placed within a @code{\score} block.
+
+The values of the fields filter down this hierarchy, with the values
+set higher in the hierarchy persisting unless they are over-ridden
+by a value set lower in the hierarchy.
+
+Several @code{\paper} blocks can appear at each of the levels, for
+example as parts of several @code{\include}d files. If so, the
+fields at each level are merged, with values encountered last taking
+precedence if duplicated fields appear.
+
Settings that can appear in a @code{\paper} block include:
@itemize
@code{\paper} variables that deal with page layout are discussed
in later sections. The markup definitions that deal with headers,
footers, and titles are discussed in
-@ref{Custom headers footers and titles}.
+@ref{Custom titles headers and footers}.
Most @code{\paper} variables will only work in a @code{\paper}
block. The few that will also work in a @code{\layout} block are
@seealso
Notation Reference:
@ref{Paper size and automatic scaling},
-@ref{Custom headers footers and titles},
+@ref{Custom titles headers and footers},
@ref{The \layout block}.
Installed Files:
#(set-default-paper-size "a6" 'landscape)
@end example
-The music output will @emph{not} be rotated, just the paper size.
+Swapping the paper dimensions @emph{without} having the print rotated
+(like when printing to postcard size, or creating graphics for inclusion
+rather than a standalone document) can be achieved by appending
+@samp{landscape} to the name of the paper size itself:
+
+@example
+#(set-default-paper-size "a6landscape")
+@end example
+
+When the paper size ends with an explicit @samp{landscape} or
+@samp{portrait}, the presence of a @code{'landscape} symbol @emph{only}
+affects print orientation, not the paper dimensions used for layout.
@seealso
Notation Reference:
@node \paper variables for line breaking
@unnumberedsubsubsec @code{\paper} variables for line breaking
-@c TODO: Mention that ly:optimal-breaking is on by default? -mp
-
@table @code
@item max-systems-per-page
@table @code
-@item blank-after-score-page-force
-@funindex blank-after-score-page-force
-
-The penalty for having a blank page after the end of one score and
-before the next. By default, this is smaller than
-@code{blank-page-force}, so that we prefer blank pages after
-scores to blank pages within a score.
-
-@item blank-last-page-force
-@funindex blank-last-page-force
-
-The penalty for ending the score on an odd-numbered page.
-
-@item blank-page-force
-@funindex blank-page-force
-
-The penalty for having a blank page in the middle of a
-score. This is not used by @code{ly:optimal-breaking} since it will
-never consider blank pages in the middle of a score.
-
@item page-breaking
@funindex page-breaking
The page-breaking algorithm to use. Choices are
-@code{ly:minimal-breaking}, @code{ly:page-turn-breaking}, and
-@code{ly:optimal-breaking}.
+@code{ly:minimal-breaking}, @code{ly:page-turn-breaking},
+@code{ly:one-line-breaking} and @code{ly:optimal-breaking}
+(the default).
@item page-breaking-system-system-spacing
@funindex page-breaking-system-system-spacing
@end table
+The following variables are effective only when @code{page-breaking}
+is set to @code{ly:page-turn-breaking}. Page breaks are then chosen
+to minimize the number of page turns. Since page turns are required
+on moving from an odd-numbered page to an even-numbered one, a
+layout in which the last page is odd-numbered will usually be
+favoured. Places where page turns are preferred can be indicated
+manually by inserting @code{\allowPageTurn} or automatically by
+including the @code{Page_turn_engraver} (see @ref{Optimal page turning}).
+
+If there are insufficient choices available for making suitable page
+turns, LilyPond may insert a blank page either within a score, between
+scores (if there are two or more scores), or by ending a score on an
+even-numbered page. The values of the following three variables may
+be increased to make these actions less likely.
+
+The values are penalties, i.e. the higher the value the less likely
+will be the associated action relative to other choices.
+
+@table @code
+
+@item blank-page-penalty
+@funindex blank-page-penalty
+
+The penalty for having a blank page in the middle of a score. If
+@code{blank-page-penalty} is large and @code{ly:page-turn-breaking} is
+selected, then LilyPond will be less likely to insert a page in the
+middle of a score. Instead, it will space out the music further to
+fill the blank page and the following one. Default: 5.
+
+@item blank-last-page-penalty
+@funindex blank-last-page-penalty
+
+The penalty for ending the score on an even-numbered page. If
+@code{blank-last-page-penalty} is large and
+@code{ly:page-turn-breaking} is selected, then LilyPond will be less
+likely to produce a score in which the last page is even-numbered.
+Instead, it will adjust the spacing in order to use one page more or
+one page less. Default: 0.
+
+@item blank-after-score-page-penalty
+@funindex blank-after-score-page-penalty
+
+The penalty for having a blank page after the end of one score and
+before the next. By default, this is smaller than
+@code{blank-page-penalty}, so that blank pages after scores are
+inserted in preference to blank pages within a score. Default: 2.
+
+@end table
+
+
@seealso
Notation Reference:
@ref{Page breaking},
@ref{Optimal page breaking},
@ref{Optimal page turning},
-@ref{Minimal page breaking}.
+@ref{Minimal page breaking},
+@ref{One-line page breaking}.
Installed Files:
@file{ly/paper-defaults-init.ly}.
indent = 2\cm
\context @{
\StaffGroup
- \override StaffGrouper #'staff-staff-spacing #'basic-distance = #8
+ \override StaffGrouper.staff-staff-spacing.basic-distance = #8
@}
\context @{
\Voice
- \override TextScript #'padding = #1
- \override Glissando #'thickness = #3
+ \override TextScript.padding = #1
+ \override Glissando.thickness = #3
@}
@}
@end example
\layout @{
\context @{
\Voice
- \override TextScript #'color = #magenta
- \override Glissando #'thickness = #1.5
+ \override TextScript.color = #magenta
+ \override Glissando.thickness = #1.5
@}
@}
@end example
layoutVariable = \layout @{
\context @{
\Voice
- \override NoteHead #'font-size = #4
+ \override NoteHead.font-size = #4
@}
@}
@end example
it will hold the current @code{\layout} configuration with the
-@code{NoteHead #'font-size} override added, but this combination
+@code{NoteHead.font-size} override added, but this combination
is @emph{not} saved as the new current configuration. Be aware
that the @q{current configuration} is read when the variable is
defined and not when it is used, so the content of the variable
\layoutVariable
\context @{
\Voice
- \override NoteHead #'color = #red
+ \override NoteHead.color = #red
@}
@}
@end example
consist of:
@example
- TextScript #'padding = #1
- TextScript #'color = #magenta
- Glissando #'thickness = #1.5
- NoteHead #' font-size = #4
- NoteHead #' color = #red
+ TextScript.padding = #1
+ TextScript.color = #magenta
+ Glissando.thickness = #1.5
+ NoteHead.font-size = #4
+ NoteHead.color = #red
@end example
plus the @code{indent} and the @code{StaffGrouper} overrides.
only
@example
- NoteHead #' font-size= #4 % (written in the variable definition)
- NoteHead #' color = #red % (added after the use of the variable)
+ NoteHead.font-size = #4 % (written in the variable definition)
+ NoteHead.color = #red % (added after the use of the variable)
@end example
If carefully planned, @code{\layout} variables can be a valuable tool
* Optimal page breaking::
* Optimal page turning::
* Minimal page breaking::
+* One-line page breaking::
* Explicit breaks::
* Using an extra voice for breaks::
@end menu
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
\new Voice \with {
- \remove Forbid_line_break_engraver
+ \remove "Forbid_line_break_engraver"
} \relative c'' {
<<
- { c2. \times 2/3 { c4 c c } c2. | }
+ { c2. \tuplet 3/2 { c4 c c } c2. | }
{ s1 | \break s1 | }
>>
}
Similarly, line breaks are normally forbidden when beams cross bar
lines. This behavior can be changed by setting
-@code{\override Beam #'breakable = ##t}:
+@code{\override Beam.breakable = ##t}:
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,verbatim]
-\override Beam #'breakable = ##t
+\override Beam.breakable = ##t
c2. c8[ c | \break
c8 c] c2. |
@end lilypond
>>
@end example
-@c TODO Check this
-A linebreaking configuration can be saved as a @file{.ly} file
-automatically. This allows vertical alignments to be stretched to
-fit pages in a second formatting run. This is fairly new and
-complicated. More details are available in
-@rlsr{Spacing}.
-
@predefined
@funindex \break
The @code{Page_turn_engraver} reads the context property
@code{minimumPageTurnLength} to determine how long a note-free section must
be before a page turn is considered. The default value for
-@code{minimumPageTurnLength} is @code{(ly:make-moment 1 1)}. If you want
+@code{minimumPageTurnLength} is @code{(ly:make-moment 1/1)}. If you want
to disable page turns, you can set it to something very large.
@example
a4 b c d |
R1 | % a page turn will be allowed here
a4 b c d |
- \set Staff.minimumPageTurnLength = #(ly:make-moment 5 2)
+ \set Staff.minimumPageTurnLength = #(ly:make-moment 5/2)
R1 | % a page turn will not be allowed here
a4 b r2 |
R1*2 | % a page turn will be allowed here
@endpredefined
@seealso
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{\paper variables for line breaking}.
+
Snippets:
@rlsr{Spacing}.
Snippets:
@rlsr{Spacing}.
+@node One-line page breaking
+@subsection One-line page breaking
+
+@funindex ly:one-line-breaking
+
+The @code{ly:one-line-breaking} function is a special-purpose
+page breaking algorithm that puts each score on its own page,
+and on a single line. This page breaking function does not
+typeset titles or margins; only the score will be displayed.
+
+The page width will be adjusted so that
+the longest score fits on one line. In particular,
+@code{paper-width}, @code{line-width} and @code{indent}
+variables in the @code{\paper} block will be ignored, although
+@code{left-margin} and @code{right-margin} will
+still be honored. The height of the page will
+be left unmodified.
@node Explicit breaks
@subsection Explicit breaks
commands. There are two commands to override this behavior:
@example
-\override NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-permission = ##f
-\override NonMusicalPaperColumn #'page-break-permission = ##f
+\override NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-permission = ##f
+\override NonMusicalPaperColumn.page-break-permission = ##f
@end example
When @code{line-break-permission} is overridden to false, Lily will insert
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- \override NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-permission = ##f
- \override NonMusicalPaperColumn #'page-break-permission = ##f
+ \override NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-permission = ##f
+ \override NonMusicalPaperColumn.page-break-permission = ##f
}
}
}
\score {
\new Staff <<
\new Voice {
- \overrideProperty "Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0))
s1 * 2 \break
- \overrideProperty "Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 35))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 35))
s1 * 3 \break
- \overrideProperty "Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 70))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 70))
s1 * 6 \break
- \overrideProperty "Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 105))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 105))
s1 * 5 \break
}
\new Voice {
#(define zero-space '((padding . -inf.0) (basic-distance . 0)))
alignToZero = \with {
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'nonstaff-relatedstaff-spacing = #zero-space
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'nonstaff-nonstaff-spacing = #zero-space
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.nonstaff-relatedstaff-spacing = #zero-space
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.nonstaff-nonstaff-spacing = #zero-space
}
lowerCaseChords = \with {
chordNameLowercaseMinor = ##t
}
staffAffinityDown = \with {
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'staff-affinity = #DOWN
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.staff-affinity = #DOWN
}
labelContext =
#(define-music-function
\lowerCaseChords }
\context { \FretBoards \alignToZero \staffAffinityDown }
\context { \Score
- \override BarLine #'stencil = ##f
- \override DynamicText #'self-alignment-X = #-1
- \override FretBoard #'X-offset = #1.75
- \override InstrumentName #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-2 . 2)
- \override InstrumentName #'extra-offset = #'(0 . -0.5)
- \override TextScript #'minimum-Y-extent = #'(-2 . 3)
- \override TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
+ \override BarLine.stencil = ##f
+ \override DynamicText.self-alignment-X = #-1
+ \override FretBoard.X-offset = #1.75
+ \override InstrumentName.minimum-Y-extent = #'(-2 . 2)
+ \override InstrumentName.extra-offset = #'(0 . -0.5)
+ \override TextScript.minimum-Y-extent = #'(-2 . 3)
+ \override TimeSignature.stencil = ##f
}
}
@example
\new Staff \with @{
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'default-staff-staff-spacing
- #'basic-distance = #10
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.default-staff-staff-spacing.basic-distance = #10
@} @{ @dots{} @}
\new Staff \with @{
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'default-staff-staff-spacing =
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.default-staff-staff-spacing =
#'((basic-distance . 10)
(minimum-distance . 9)
(padding . 1)
\layout @{
\context @{
\Staff
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'default-staff-staff-spacing
- #'basic-distance = #10
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.default-staff-staff-spacing.basic-distance = #10
@}
@}
@end example
\layout {
\context {
\Staff
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'default-staff-staff-spacing =
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.default-staff-staff-spacing =
#'((basic-distance . 8)
(minimum-distance . 7)
(padding . 1))
% By setting 'padding to a negative value, staves can be made to
% collide. The lowest acceptable value for 'basic-distance is 0.
\new Staff \with {
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'default-staff-staff-spacing =
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.default-staff-staff-spacing =
#'((basic-distance . 3.5)
(padding . -10))
} { \clef bass g2 r | }
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- \override StaffGrouper #'staff-staff-spacing #'padding = #0
- \override StaffGrouper #'staff-staff-spacing #'basic-distance = #1
+ \override StaffGrouper.staff-staff-spacing.padding = #0
+ \override StaffGrouper.staff-staff-spacing.basic-distance = #1
}
}
<<
\new PianoStaff \with {
- \override StaffGrouper #'staffgroup-staff-spacing #'basic-distance = #20
+ \override StaffGrouper.staffgroup-staff-spacing.basic-distance = #20
} <<
\new Staff { c'1 }
\new Staff { c'1 }
\layout {
\context {
\Lyrics
- \override VerticalAxisGroup
- #'nonstaff-nonstaff-spacing #'stretchability = #1000
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.nonstaff-nonstaff-spacing.stretchability = #1000
}
}
\new StaffGroup
<<
\new Staff \with {
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'staff-staff-spacing = #'((basic-distance . 30))
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.staff-staff-spacing = #'((basic-distance . 30))
} { c'1 }
\new Lyrics \with {
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'staff-affinity = #UP
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.staff-affinity = #UP
} \lyricmode { up }
\new Lyrics \with {
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'staff-affinity = #CENTER
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.staff-affinity = #CENTER
} \lyricmode { center }
\new Lyrics \with {
- \override VerticalAxisGroup #'staff-affinity = #DOWN
+ \override VerticalAxisGroup.staff-affinity = #DOWN
} \lyricmode { down }
\new Staff { c'1 }
>>
amount of vertical padding between staves and systems.
It is possible to approach vertical spacing in a different way
-using @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-system-details}.
+using @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details}.
While the flexible vertical spacing mechanisms specify vertical
-padding, @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-system-details}
+padding, @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details}
can specify exact vertical positions on the page.
-@code{NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-system-details} accepts
+@code{NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details} accepts
an associative list of three different settings:
@itemize
@code{\overrideProperty} command:
@example
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn
- #'line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 40))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 40))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn
- #'line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20)
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20)
(Y-offset . 40))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn
- #'line-break-system-details #'((alignment-distances . (15)))
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((alignment-distances . (15)))
-\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn
- #'line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20)
+\overrideProperty NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((X-offset . 20)
(Y-offset . 40)
(alignment-distances . (15)))
@end example
<<
\new Staff <<
\new Voice {
- \overrideProperty #"Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty #"Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 40))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 40))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty #"Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 80))
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 80))
s1*5 \break
}
\new Voice { \repeat unfold 15 { c'4 c' c' c' } }
<<
\new Staff <<
\new Voice {
- \overrideProperty #"Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 20)
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 20)
(alignment-distances . (15)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty #"Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 60)
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 60)
(alignment-distances . (15)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty #"Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 100)
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 100)
(alignment-distances . (15)))
s1*5 \break
}
<<
\new Staff <<
\new Voice {
- \overrideProperty #"Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0)
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 0)
(alignment-distances . (30 10)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty #"Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 60)
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 60)
(alignment-distances . (10 10)))
s1*5 \break
- \overrideProperty #"Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn"
- #'line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 100)
+ \overrideProperty Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details #'((Y-offset . 100)
(alignment-distances . (10 30)))
s1*5 \break
}
of the distance between adjacent staff lines. Positive values move staves
and lyrics up, negative values move staves and lyrics down.
-@item Because the @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-system-details}
+@item Because the @code{NonMusicalPaperColumn.line-break-system-details}
settings given here allow the positioning of staves and systems anywhere
on the page, it is possible to violate paper or margin boundaries or even
to print staves or systems on top of one another. Reasonable values
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,verbatim]
c4_"Text"\pp
r2.
-\once \override TextScript #'outside-staff-priority = #1
+\once \override TextScript.outside-staff-priority = #1
c4_"Text"\pp % this time the text will be closer to the staff
r2.
% by setting outside-staff-priority to a non-number,
% we disable the automatic collision avoidance
-\once \override TextScript #'outside-staff-priority = ##f
-\once \override DynamicLineSpanner #'outside-staff-priority = ##f
+\once \override TextScript.outside-staff-priority = ##f
+\once \override DynamicLineSpanner.outside-staff-priority = ##f
c4_"Text"\pp % now they will collide
@end lilypond
previously-positioned grobs can be controlled with
@code{outside-staff-padding}.
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,verbatim]
-\once \override TextScript #'outside-staff-padding = #0
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,verbatim,staffsize=18]
+\once \override TextScript.outside-staff-padding = #0
a'^"This text is placed very close to the note"
-\once \override TextScript #'outside-staff-padding = #3
+\once \override TextScript.outside-staff-padding = #3
c^"This text is padded away from the previous text"
c^"This text is placed close to the previous text"
@end lilypond
c''2
% setting outside-staff-horizontal-padding fixes this
R1
-\once \override TextScript #'outside-staff-horizontal-padding = #1
+\once \override TextScript.outside-staff-horizontal-padding = #1
c,,4^"Text"
c4
c''2
{
c'4 e''4 e'4 b'4 |
b'4 e''4 b'4 e''4 |
- \override Staff.NoteSpacing #'stem-spacing-correction = #1.5
- \override Staff.StaffSpacing #'stem-spacing-correction = #1.5
+ \override Staff.NoteSpacing.stem-spacing-correction = #1.5
+ \override Staff.StaffSpacing.stem-spacing-correction = #1.5
c'4 e''4 e'4 b'4 |
b'4 e''4 b'4 e''4 |
}
adjusting the padding value as necessary.
@example
- \override Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn #'padding = #10
+ \override Score.NonMusicalPaperColumn.padding = #10
@end example
No work-around exists for decreasing the amount of space.
@node New spacing area
@subsection New spacing area
+@funindex \newSpacingSection
+@cindex new spacing area
+@cindex spacing area, new
+@cindex notes, spacing horizontally
+
New sections with different spacing parameters can be started with
@code{newSpacingSection}. This is useful when there are
sections with a different notions of long and short notes.
In the following example, the time signature change introduces a new
-section, and hence the 16ths notes are spaced wider.
+section, and hence the 16ths notes are automatically spaced slightly
+wider.
@lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,quote]
\time 2/4
@end lilypond
The @code{\newSpacingSection} command creates a new
-@code{SpacingSpanner} object, and hence new @code{\override}s
-may be used in that location.
+@code{SpacingSpanner} object at that musical moment.
+If the automatic spacing adjustments do not give the required spacing,
+manual @code{\override}s may be applied to its properties. These must
+be applied at the same musical moment as the @code{\newSpacingSection}
+command itself. They will then affect the spacing of all the following
+music until the properties are changed in a new spacing section, for
+example,
+
+@lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,quote]
+\time 4/16
+c16[ c c8]
+\newSpacingSection
+\override Score.SpacingSpanner.spacing-increment = #2
+c16[ c c8]
+\newSpacingSection
+\revert Score.SpacingSpanner.spacing-increment
+c16[ c c8]
+@end lilypond
+
@seealso
Snippets:
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- \override SpacingSpanner
- #'base-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
+ \override SpacingSpanner.base-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
}
}
}
By default, spacing in tuplets depends on various non-duration
factors (such as accidentals, clef changes, etc). To disregard
such symbols and force uniform equal-duration spacing, use
-@code{Score.SpacingSpanner #'uniform-stretching}. This
+@code{Score.SpacingSpanner.uniform-stretching}. This
property can only be changed at the beginning of a score,
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
\score {
<<
\new Staff {
- \times 4/5 {
+ \tuplet 5/4 {
c8 c8 c8 c8 c8
}
c8 c8 c8 c8
}
\new Staff {
c8 c8 c8 c8
- \times 4/5 {
+ \tuplet 5/4 {
c8 c8 c8 c8 c8
}
}
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- \override SpacingSpanner #'uniform-stretching = ##t
+ \override SpacingSpanner.uniform-stretching = ##t
}
}
}
regard for clefs, bar lines, and grace notes,
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,verbatim]
-\override Score.SpacingSpanner #'strict-note-spacing = ##t
+\override Score.SpacingSpanner.strict-note-spacing = ##t
\new Staff { c8[ c \clef alto c \grace { c16[ c] } c8 c c] c32[ c32] }
@end lilypond
@item @code{proportionalNotationDuration}
@item @code{uniform-stretching}
@item @code{strict-note-spacing}
-@item @code{\remove Separating_line_group_engraver}
-@item @code{\override PaperColumn #'used = ##t}
+@item @code{\remove "Separating_line_group_engraver"}
+@item @code{\override PaperColumn.used = ##t}
@end itemize
In the examples that follow, we explore these five different
\new RhythmicStaff {
c'2
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
+ \tuplet 5/4 {
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
}
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
c'2
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
+ \tuplet 5/4 {
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
}
}
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 20)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/20)
}
}
}
which is the reference duration against that all music will be spaced.
The LilyPond Scheme function @code{make-moment} takes two arguments
-- a numerator and denominator which together express some fraction of
-a whole note. The call @code{(ly:make-moment 1 20)} therefore produces
+a whole note. The call @code{(ly:make-moment 1/20)} therefore produces
a reference duration of a twentieth note. Values such as
-@code{(ly:make-moment 1 16)}, @code{(ly:make-moment 1 8)}, and
-@code{(ly:make-moment 3 97)} are all possible as well.
+@code{(ly:make-moment 1/16)}, @code{(ly:make-moment 1/8)}, and
+@code{(ly:make-moment 3/97)} are all possible as well.
How do we select the right reference duration to pass to
@code{proportionalNotationDuration}? Usually by a process of trial
\new RhythmicStaff {
c'2
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
+ \tuplet 5/4 {
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
}
}
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 8)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/8)
}
}
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
c'2
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
+ \tuplet 5/4 {
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
}
}
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
}
}
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
c'2
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
+ \tuplet 5/4 {
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
}
}
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 32)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/32)
}
}
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
c'2
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
+ \tuplet 5/4 {
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
}
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
- \times 8/9 {
+ \tuplet 9/8 {
c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8
}
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
c'2
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
+ \tuplet 5/4 {
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
}
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
- \times 8/9 {
+ \tuplet 9/8 {
c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8
}
}
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 20)
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/20)
}
}
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
c'2
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
- \times 4/5 {
+ \tuplet 5/4 {
c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16 c'16
}
}
\new RhythmicStaff {
- \times 8/9 {
+ \tuplet 9/8 {
c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8 c'8
}
}
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 20)
- \override SpacingSpanner #'uniform-stretching = ##t
+ proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/20)
+ \override SpacingSpanner.uniform-stretching = ##t
}
}
}
}
\new Staff \with {
- \remove Separating_line_group_engraver
+ \remove "Separating_line_group_engraver"
} {
c'1
\break
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right]
\new Staff {
- \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
+ \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
c''8
c''8
c''8
}
\new Staff {
- \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1 16)
- \override Score.SpacingSpanner #'strict-note-spacing = ##t
+ \set Score.proportionalNotationDuration = #(ly:make-moment 1/16)
+ \override Score.SpacingSpanner.strict-note-spacing = ##t
c''8
c''8
c''8
that frequently appear in proportional scores. These include:
@itemize
-@item @code{\override SpacingSpanner #'strict-grace-spacing = ##t}
+@item @code{\override SpacingSpanner.strict-grace-spacing = ##t}
@item @code{tupletFullLength = ##t}
-@item @code{\override Beam #'breakable = ##t}
-@item @code{\override Glissando #'breakable = ##t}
-@item @code{\override TextSpanner #'breakable = ##t}
-@item @code{\remove Forbid_line_break_engraver in the Voice context}
+@item @code{\override Beam.breakable = ##t}
+@item @code{\override Glissando.breakable = ##t}
+@item @code{\override TextSpanner.breakable = ##t}
+@item @code{\remove "Forbid_line_break_engraver" in the Voice context}
@end itemize
These settings space grace notes strictly, extend tuplet brackets to
@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
e4 c g\f c
-e4 c g-\tweak #'X-offset #-2.7 -\tweak #'Y-offset #2.5 \f c
+e4 c g-\tweak X-offset #-2.7 -\tweak Y-offset #2.5 \f c
@end lilypond
@item
\layout {
\context {
\Score
- \override SpacingSpanner
- #'common-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1 2)
+ \override SpacingSpanner.common-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1/2)
}
}
}
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