Guide, node Updating translation committishes..
@end ignore
-@c \version "2.13.44"
+@c \version "2.15.18"
@node Rhythms
@section Rhythms
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{alternative-breve-note.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{changing-the-number-of-augmentation-dots-per-note.ly}
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{breve},
@rinternals{Dots},
@rinternals{DotColumn}.
-
@knownissues
-
@c Deliberately duplicated in Durations and Rests. -gp
There is no fundamental limit to rest durations (both in terms of
longest and shortest), but the number of glyphs is limited:
@funindex tupletNumberFormatFunction
@funindex tupletSpannerDuration
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{entering-several-tuplets-using-only-one--times-command.ly}
@cindex Tuplet number changes
@funindex TupletNumber
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{changing-the-tuplet-number.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{non-default-tuplet-numbers.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{controlling-tuplet-bracket-visibility.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{permitting-line-breaks-within-beamed-tuplets.ly}
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{triplet},
@rinternals{TupletNumber},
@rinternals{TimeScaledMusic}.
-
@cindex grace notes within tuplet brackets
@knownissues
One application of this command is in polymetric
notation, see @ref{Polymetric notation}.
-
@seealso
Notation Reference:
@ref{Tuplets},
c2 ~ c
@end lilypond
-Dash pattern definitions for ties have the same structure as
-dash pattern definitions for slurs.
-For more information about complex dash patterns,
-see the snippets under @ref{Slurs}.
+Dash pattern definitions for ties have the same structure as dash
+pattern definitions for slurs. For more information about complex dash
+patterns, see @ref{Slurs}.
+
+Override @var{whiteout} and @var{layer} layout properties for ties that
+collide with other objects in a staff.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,relative=2]
+\override Tie #'layer = #-2
+\override Staff.TimeSignature #'layer = #-1
+\override Staff.KeySignature #'layer = #-1
+\override Staff.TimeSignature #'whiteout = ##t
+\override Staff.KeySignature #'whiteout = ##t
+b2 b~
+\time 3/4
+\key a \major
+b r4
+@end lilypond
@predefined
@code{\tieUp},
@code{\tieSolid}.
@endpredefined
-
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{using-ties-with-arpeggios.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{engraving-ties-manually.ly}
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{tie},
@ref{Automatic note splitting}.
Snippets:
+@rlsr{Expressive marks},
@rlsr{Rhythms}.
Internals Reference:
@rinternals{TieColumn},
@rinternals{Tie}.
-
@knownissues
-Switching staves when a tie is active will not produce a slanted
-tie.
-
-Changing clefs or ottavations during a tie is not really
-well-defined. In these cases, a slur may be preferable.
+Switching staves when a tie is active will not produce a slanted tie.
+Changing clefs or ottavations during a tie is not really well-defined.
+In these cases, a slur may be preferable.
@node Writing rests
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{rest-styles.ly}
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{breve},
Internals Reference:
@rinternals{Rest}.
-
@knownissues
-
@c Deliberately duplicated in Durations and Rests. -gp
There is no fundamental limit to rest durations (both in terms of
longest and shortest), but the number of glyphs is limited: there
\skip 1 \skip1 \skip 1
@end lilypond
-
@seealso
Learning Manual:
@rlearning{Visibility and color of objects}.
@cindex rest, church
@cindex kirchenpausen
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{changing-form-of-multi-measure-rests.ly}
@cindex multi-measure rests, positioning
@cindex positioning multi-measure rests
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{positioning-multi-measure-rests.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{multi-measure-rest-markup.ly}
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{multi-measure rest}.
@rinternals{MultiMeasureRestNumber},
@rinternals{MultiMeasureRestText}.
-
@cindex fingerings and multi-measure rests
@cindex multi-measure rests and fingerings
Multi-measure rests do not take part in rest collisions.
+
@node Displaying rhythms
@subsection Displaying rhythms
@snippets
-
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
-{changing-the-time-signature-without-affecting-the-beaming.ly}
-
-@cindex compound time signatures
-@cindex time signature, compound
-
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
-{compound-time-signatures.ly}
-
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{time-signature-printing-only-the-numerator-as-a-number-instead-of-the-fraction.ly}
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{time signature}
@rinternals{TimeSignature},
@rinternals{Timing_translator}.
+
@node Metronome marks
@unnumberedsubsubsec Metronome marks
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{printing-metronome-and-rehearsal-marks-below-the-staff.ly}
@c perhaps also an example of how to move it horizontally?
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{changing-the-tempo-without-a-metronome-mark.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{creating-metronome-marks-in-markup-mode.ly}
For more details, see @ref{Formatting text}.
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{metronome},
@cindex upbeat
@cindex partial measure
@cindex measure, partial
+@cindex measure, pickup
@cindex pickup measure
-@cindex measure, change length
@funindex measurePosition
@funindex \partial
@funindex partial
-Partial or pick-up measures, such as an anacrusis or upbeat, are
-entered using the @code{\partial} command, with the syntax
+Partial or pick-up measures, such as an @emph{anacrusis} or an
+@emph{upbeat}, are entered using the @code{\partial} command,
@example
\partial @var{duration}
@end example
@noindent
-where @code{@var{duration}} is the rhythmic length of the
-remaining interval of the current measure before the start of the
-next.
+where @code{@var{duration}} is the @emph{remaining} length of the
+partial measure @emph{before} the start of the next full measure.
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-\partial 4 e4 |
-a2. c,4 |
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
+\time 3/4
+\partial 8
+e8 | a4 c8 b c4 |
@end lilypond
-The partial measure can be any duration less than the full measure:
+The @var{duration} can be any value less than a full measure:
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
-\partial 8*3 c8 d e |
-a2. c,4 |
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
+\time 3/4
+\partial 4.
+r4 e8 | a4 c8 b c4 |
@end lilypond
-Internally, @code{\partial @var{duration}} is translated into:
+The @code{\partial @var{duration}} can also be written as;
@example
\set Timing.measurePosition -@var{duration}
@end example
-For example, @code{\partial 8*3} becomes:
+So @code{\partial 8} becomes:
-@example
-\set Timing.measurePosition = #(ly:make-moment -3 8)
-@end example
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
+\time 3/4
+\set Timing.measurePosition = #(ly:make-moment -1 8)
+e8 | a4 c8 b c4 |
+@end lilypond
The property @code{measurePosition} contains a rational number
indicating how much of the measure has passed at this point. Note
that this is set to a negative number by the @code{\partial} command:
-i.e., @code{\partial 4} is internally translated to @code{-4}, meaning
-@qq{there is a quarter note left in the measure.}
+i.e., @code{\partial 4} is internally translated to @w{@code{-4}},
+meaning @qq{there is a quarter note left in the measure.}
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rinternals{Timing_translator}.
@knownissues
+The @code{\partial} command should be used only at the beginning of a
+piece. If you use it after the beginning, warnings or problems may
+occur, so use @code{\set Timing.measurePosition} instead.
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
+\time 6/8
+\partial 8
+e8 | a4 c8 b[ c b] |
+\set Timing.measurePosition = #(ly:make-moment -1 4)
+r8 e,8 | a4 c8 b[ c b] |
+@end lilypond
-The @code{\partial} command is intended to be used only at the
-beginning of a piece. If you use it after the beginning, some
-odd warnings or effects may occur, in this case use
-@code{\set Timing.measurePosition} instead.
@node Unmetered music
@unnumberedsubsubsec Unmetered music
@code{\cadenzaOff}.
@endpredefined
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{cadenza}.
Snippets:
@rlsr{Rhythms}.
-
@cindex cadenza line breaks
@cindex cadenza page breaks
@cindex unmetered music, line breaks
@cindex page breaks in unmetered music
@knownissues
-
LilyPond will insert line breaks and page breaks only at a
bar line. Unless the unmetered music ends before the end of the
staff line, you will need to insert invisible bar lines with
@funindex \times
@funindex times
-Polymetric notation is supported, either explicitly or by modifying
-the visible time signature symbol and scaling the note durations.
+Polymetric notation is supported explicitly or by manually modifying the
+visible time signature symbol and/or scaling note durations.
-@strong{@i{Staves with different time signatures, equal measure lengths}}
+@subsubheading Different time signatures with equal-length measures
-This notation can be created by setting a common time signature
-for each staff but replacing the symbol manually by setting
-@code{timeSignatureFraction} to the desired fraction and scaling
-the printed durations in each staff to the common time
-signature; see @ref{Time signature}. The scaling is done with
-@code{\scaleDurations}, which is used in a similar way to
-@code{\times}, but does not create a tuplet bracket; see
-@ref{Scaling durations}.
+Set a common time signature for each staff, and set the
+@code{timeSignatureFraction} to the desired fraction. Then use the
+@code{\scaleDurations} function to scale the durations of the notes in
+each staff to the common time signature.
@cindex beams, with polymetric meters
@cindex polymetric meters, with beams
-In this example, music with the time signatures of 3/4, 9/8, and
-10/8 are used in parallel. In the second staff, shown durations
-are multiplied by 2/3, as 2/3 * 9/8 = 3/4, and in the third
-staff, shown durations are multiplied by 3/5, as 3/5 * 10/8 = 3/4.
-It will often be necessary to insert beams manually, as the
-duration scaling affects the autobeaming rules.
+In the following example, music with the time signatures of 3/4, 9/8 and
+10/8 are used in parallel. In the second staff, shown durations are
+multiplied by 2/3 (because 2/3 * 9/8 = 3/4) and in the third staff, the
+shown durations are multiplied by 3/5 (because 3/5 * 10/8 = 3/4). It
+may be necessary to insert beams manually, as the duration scaling will
+affect the autobeaming rules.
@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
\relative c' <<
\new Staff {
\time 3/4
c4 c c |
- c c c |
+ c4 c c |
}
\new Staff {
\time 3/4
\set Staff.timeSignatureFraction = #'(9 . 8)
\scaleDurations #'(2 . 3)
- \repeat unfold 6 { c8[ c c] }
+ \repeat unfold 6 { c8[ c c] }
}
\new Staff {
\time 3/4
\scaleDurations #'(3 . 5) {
\repeat unfold 2 { c8[ c c] }
\repeat unfold 2 { c8[ c] } |
- c4. c4. \times 2/3 { c8[ c c] } c4
+ c4. c \times 2/3 { c8[ c c] } c4
}
}
>>
@end lilypond
-@strong{@i{Staves with different time signatures, unequal bar lengths}}
+@subsubheading Different time signatures with unequal-length measures
Each staff can be given its own independent time signature by
moving the @code{Timing_translator} and the
>>
@end lilypond
-@snippets
+@funindex \compoundMeter
+@cindex compound time signatures
+@cindex time signature, compound
+
+@subsubheading Compound time signatures
+
+These are created using the @code{\compoundMeter} function. The syntax
+for this is:
+
+@example
+\compoundMeter #'@code{(list of lists)}
+@end example
+
+The simplest construction is a single list, where the @emph{last} number
+indicates the bottom number of the time signature and those that come
+before it, the top numbers.
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative c' {
+ \compoundMeter #'((2 2 2 8))
+ \repeat unfold 6 c8 \repeat unfold 12 c16
+}
+@end lilypond
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
-{compound-time-signatures.ly}
+More complex meters can be constructed using additional lists. Also,
+automatic beaming settings will be adjusted depending on the values.
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative c' {
+ \compoundMeter #'((1 4) (3 8))
+ \repeat unfold 5 c8 \repeat unfold 10 c16
+}
+
+\relative c' {
+ \compoundMeter #'((1 2 3 8) (3 4))
+ \repeat unfold 12 c8
+}
+@end lilypond
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{meter}.
Notation Reference:
+@ref{Automatic beams},
+@ref{Manual beams},
@ref{Time signature},
@ref{Scaling durations}.
@rinternals{Default_bar_line_engraver},
@rinternals{Staff}.
-
@knownissues
+When using different time signatures in parallel, notes at the same
+moment will be placed at the same horizontal location. However, the bar
+lines in the different staves will cause the note spacing to be less
+regular in each of the individual staves than would be normal without
+the different time signatures.
-When using different time signatures in parallel, notes
-at the same moment will be placed at the same horizontal
-location. However, the bar lines in the different staves
-will cause the note spacing to be less regular in each of the
-individual staves than would be normal without the different
-time signatures.
@node Automatic note splitting
@unnumberedsubsubsec Automatic note splitting
the measures are not entirely filled, then the ties show exactly how
much each measure is off.
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{tie}
@rinternals{Completion_rest_engraver},
@rinternals{Forbid_line_break_engraver}.
-
@knownissues
-
Not all durations (especially those containing tuplets) can be
represented exactly with normal notes and dots, but the
@code{Completion_heads_engraver} will not insert tuplets.
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{guitar-strum-rhythms.ly}
-
@seealso
Snippets:
@rlsr{Rhythms}.
@warning{If beams are used to indicate melismata in songs, then
automatic beaming should be switched off with @code{\autoBeamOff}
-and the beams indicated manually.}
-
-@warning{Using @code{@bs{}partcombine} with @code{@bs{}autoBeamOff} can
-produce unintended results. See the snippet below for more information.}
+and the beams indicated manually. Using @code{@bs{}partcombine} with
+@code{@bs{}autoBeamOff} can produce unintended results. See the
+snippets for more information.}
Beaming patterns that differ from the automatic defaults can be
created; see @ref{Setting automatic beam behavior}.
@funindex breakable
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{beams-across-line-breaks.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{changing-beam-knee-gap.ly}
@cindex beams, \partcombine with \autoBeamOff
@cindex voices, \partcombine with \autoBeamOff
-@lilypondfile [verbatim, lilyquote, ragged-right, texidoc, doctitle]
+@lilypondfile [verbatim, quote, ragged-right, texidoc, doctitle]
{partcombine-and-autobeamoff.ly}
@seealso
@rinternals{beam-interface},
@rinternals{unbreakable-spanner-interface}.
+@knownissues
+The properties of a beam are determined at the @emph{start} of its
+construction and any additional beam-property changes that occur before
+the beam has been completed will not take effect until the @emph{next},
+new beam starts.
+
+
@node Setting automatic beam behavior
@unnumberedsubsubsec Setting automatic beam behavior
of beaming-rules.
At this time the only available value of rule-type is
-@code{#'end} for beam ending.
+@code{'end} for beam ending.
Beaming-rules is a scheme alist (or list of pairs) that indicates the
beam type and the grouping to be applied to beams containing notes with
\repeat unfold 8 {c8}
@end lilypond
-In a similar fashion, eighth notes in 3/4 time are beamed as a full
-measure by default. To beam eighth notes in 3/4 time on the beat,
-reset @code{beamExceptions}.
+In traditional engraving, eighth notes can have special beaming rules.
+A measure consisting of only eighth notes can be beamed in one. This rule is
+controlled by the context property @code{beamWholeMeasure}:
@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
\time 3/4
-% by default we beam in (3) due to beamExceptions
-\repeat unfold 6 {a8} |
-% This will beam (1 1 1) due to beatLength
-\set Timing.beamExceptions = #'()
-\repeat unfold 6 {a8}
+% By default we beam in one
+\repeat unfold 6 { a8 }
+% We can avoid beaming in one
+\set Timing.beamWholeMeasure = ##f
+\repeat unfold 6 { a8 }
+@end lilypond
+
+In some engraving from the Romantic and Classical periods,
+a half-measure of eighth notes can be beamed
+together even though this violates the general rule (see Gould, p. 153).
+This behavior is controlled by the context property @code{beamHalfMeasure}:
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=2]
+\time 3/4
+% By default we avoid half-measure beams
+r4. a8 a a |
+% We can allow half-measure beams
+\set Timing.beamHalfMeasure = ##t
+r4. a8 a a |
@end lilypond
@i{@strong{How automatic beaming works}}
@cindex beams, subdividing
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{subdividing-beams.ly}
+@cindex beamlets, orienting
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+{strict-beat-beaming.ly}
+
@cindex measure groupings
@cindex beats, grouping
@cindex grouping beats
@cindex measure sub-grouping
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{conducting-signs,-measure-grouping-signs.ly}
@cindex beam, endings in a score
@cindex beam, endings with multiple voices
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{beam-endings-in-score-context.ly}
-
@seealso
Installed Files:
@file{scm/beam-settings.scm}.
@rinternals{BeamForbidEvent},
@rinternals{beam-interface}.
-
@knownissues
If a score ends while an automatic beam has not been ended and is
still accepting notes, this last beam will not be typeset at all.
>>
@end lilypond
+
@node Manual beams
@unnumberedsubsubsec Manual beams
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{flat-flags-and-beam-nibs.ly}
-
@seealso
Notation Reference:
@ref{Direction and placement},
The spacing in the printed output represents the
note durations only approximately, but the MIDI output is exact.
-
@predefined
@code{\featherDurations}.
@endpredefined
Snippets:
@rlsr{Rhythms}.
-
@knownissues
-
The @code{\featherDurations} command only works with very short
music snippets, and when numbers in the fraction are small.
@node Bars
@subsection Bars
-
@menu
* Bar lines::
* Bar numbers::
@code{"|"}. This may be changed at any time with
@samp{\set Timing.defaultBarType = @var{bartype}}.
-
@seealso
Notation Reference:
@ref{Line breaking},
c1 | c | c | c
@end lilypond
-
@snippets
-
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{printing-the-bar-number-for-the-first-measure.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{printing-bar-numbers-at-regular-intervals.ly}
@cindex measure number, format
@cindex bar number, format
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{printing-bar-numbers-inside-boxes-or-circles.ly}
+@cindex bar numbers, with letters
+@cindex bar numbers, with repeats
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{alternative-bar-numbering.ly}
+
@cindex bar number alignment
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{aligning-bar-numbers.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{removing-bar-numbers-from-a-score.ly}
-
@seealso
Snippets:
@rlsr{Rhythms}.
@rinternals{BarNumber},
@rinternals{Bar_number_engraver}.
-
@cindex bar number collision
@cindex collision, bar number
will print a warning if the @code{currentBarNumber} is not 123
when it is processed.
-
@seealso
Snippets:
@rlsr{Rhythms}.
@ref{Formatting text}. For more precise control, see
@code{break-alignable-interface} in @ref{Aligning objects}.
+The file @file{scm/translation-functions.scm} contains
+the definitions of @code{format-mark-numbers} and
+@code{format-mark-letters}. They can be used as inspiration for
+other formatting functions.
@seealso
Notation Reference:
@ref{Aligning objects}.
Installed Files:
-@file{scm/translation-functions.scm} contains
-the definitions of @code{format-mark-numbers} and
-@code{format-mark-letters}. They can be used as inspiration for
-other formatting functions.
+@file{scm/translation-functions.scm}.
Snippets:
@rlsr{Rhythms}.
@cindex acciaccatura
@funindex \grace
-@funindex grace
+@funindex \slashedGrace
+@funindex \acciaccatura
+@funindex \appoggiatura
-Grace notes are ornaments that are written out. Grace notes
-are printed in a smaller font and take up no logical time
-in a measure.
+Grace notes are musical ornaments, printed in a smaller font, that take
+up no additional logical time in a measure.
@lilypond[quote,relative=2,verbatim]
-c4 \grace c16 c4
-\grace { c16[ d16] } c2
+c4 \grace b16 a4(
+\grace { b16[ c16] } a2)
@end lilypond
-LilyPond also supports two special types of grace notes, the
+There are three other types of grace notes possible; the
@emph{acciaccatura} -- an unmeasured grace note indicated by a slurred
-small note with a slashed stem -- and the @emph{appoggiatura}, which
-takes a fixed fraction of the main note and appears in small print
-without a slash.
+note with a slashed stem -- and the @emph{appoggiatura}, which takes a
+fixed fraction of the main note it is attached to and prints without the
+slash. It is also possible to write a grace note with a slashed stem,
+like the @emph{acciaccatura} but without the slur, so as to place it
+between notes that are slurred themselves, using the
+@code{\slashedGrace} function.
@lilypond[quote,relative=2,verbatim]
-\grace c8 b4
\acciaccatura d8 c4
\appoggiatura e8 d4
-\acciaccatura { g16[ f] } e4
+\acciaccatura { g16[ f] } e2
+\slashedGrace a,8 g4
+\slashedGrace b16 a4(
+\slashedGrace b8 a2)
@end lilypond
-The placement of grace notes is synchronized between different
-staves. In the following example, there are two sixteenth grace
-notes for every eighth grace note
+The placement of grace notes is synchronized between different staves.
+In the following example, there are two sixteenth grace notes for every
+eighth grace note
@lilypond[quote,relative=2,verbatim]
<<
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{using-grace-note-slashes-with-normal-heads.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{tweaking-grace-layout-within-music.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{redefining-grace-note-global-defaults.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{positioning-grace-notes-with-floating-space.ly}
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{grace notes},
@rglos{appoggiatura}.
Notation Reference:
+@ref{Scaling durations},
@ref{Manual beams}.
Installed Files:
@knownissues
-
@cindex acciaccatura, multi-note
@cindex multi-note acciaccatura
@cindex grace-note synchronization
\MyCadenza c'1
}
\new Staff {
- #(ly:export (mmrest-of-length MyCadenza))
+ $(mmrest-of-length MyCadenza)
c'1
- #(ly:export (skip-of-length MyCadenza))
+ $(skip-of-length MyCadenza)
c'1
}
>>
@end lilypond
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{cadenza}.
@code{ly:make-moment 7 16} is the duration of seven sixteenths
notes.
-
@seealso
Notation Reference:
@ref{Bar numbers},
Internals Reference:
@rinternals{Timing_translator},
@rinternals{Score}.
-
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff