Guide, node Updating translation committishes..
@end ignore
-@c \version "2.14.0"
+@c \version "2.15.18"
@node Rhythms
@section Rhythms
c2 ~ c
@end lilypond
-Dash pattern definitions for ties have the same structure as
-dash pattern definitions for slurs.
-For more information about complex dash patterns,
-see the snippets under @ref{Slurs}.
+Dash pattern definitions for ties have the same structure as dash
+pattern definitions for slurs. For more information about complex dash
+patterns, see @ref{Slurs}.
+
+Override @var{whiteout} and @var{layer} layout properties for ties that
+collide with other objects in a staff.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,relative=2]
+\override Tie #'layer = #-2
+\override Staff.TimeSignature #'layer = #-1
+\override Staff.KeySignature #'layer = #-1
+\override Staff.TimeSignature #'whiteout = ##t
+\override Staff.KeySignature #'whiteout = ##t
+b2 b~
+\time 3/4
+\key a \major
+b r4
+@end lilypond
@predefined
@code{\tieUp},
@code{\tieSolid}.
@endpredefined
-
@snippets
@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{engraving-ties-manually.ly}
-
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{tie},
@ref{Automatic note splitting}.
Snippets:
+@rlsr{Expressive marks},
@rlsr{Rhythms}.
Internals Reference:
@rinternals{TieColumn},
@rinternals{Tie}.
-
@knownissues
-Switching staves when a tie is active will not produce a slanted
-tie.
-
-Changing clefs or ottavations during a tie is not really
-well-defined. In these cases, a slur may be preferable.
+Switching staves when a tie is active will not produce a slanted tie.
+Changing clefs or ottavations during a tie is not really well-defined.
+In these cases, a slur may be preferable.
@node Writing rests
@snippets
-
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
-{changing-the-time-signature-without-affecting-the-beaming.ly}
-
-@cindex compound time signatures
-@cindex time signature, compound
-
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
-{compound-time-signatures.ly}
-
@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{time-signature-printing-only-the-numerator-as-a-number-instead-of-the-fraction.ly}
@funindex \times
@funindex times
-Polymetric notation is supported, either explicitly or by modifying
-the visible time signature symbol and scaling the note durations.
+Polymetric notation is supported explicitly or by manually modifying the
+visible time signature symbol and/or scaling note durations.
-@strong{@i{Staves with different time signatures, equal measure lengths}}
+@subsubheading Different time signatures with equal-length measures
-This notation can be created by setting a common time signature
-for each staff but replacing the symbol manually by setting
-@code{timeSignatureFraction} to the desired fraction and scaling
-the printed durations in each staff to the common time
-signature; see @ref{Time signature}. The scaling is done with
-@code{\scaleDurations}, which is used in a similar way to
-@code{\times}, but does not create a tuplet bracket; see
-@ref{Scaling durations}.
+Set a common time signature for each staff, and set the
+@code{timeSignatureFraction} to the desired fraction. Then use the
+@code{\scaleDurations} function to scale the durations of the notes in
+each staff to the common time signature.
@cindex beams, with polymetric meters
@cindex polymetric meters, with beams
-In this example, music with the time signatures of 3/4, 9/8, and
-10/8 are used in parallel. In the second staff, shown durations
-are multiplied by 2/3, as 2/3 * 9/8 = 3/4, and in the third
-staff, shown durations are multiplied by 3/5, as 3/5 * 10/8 = 3/4.
-It will often be necessary to insert beams manually, as the
-duration scaling affects the autobeaming rules.
+In the following example, music with the time signatures of 3/4, 9/8 and
+10/8 are used in parallel. In the second staff, shown durations are
+multiplied by 2/3 (because 2/3 * 9/8 = 3/4) and in the third staff, the
+shown durations are multiplied by 3/5 (because 3/5 * 10/8 = 3/4). It
+may be necessary to insert beams manually, as the duration scaling will
+affect the autobeaming rules.
@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
\relative c' <<
\new Staff {
\time 3/4
c4 c c |
- c c c |
+ c4 c c |
}
\new Staff {
\time 3/4
\scaleDurations #'(3 . 5) {
\repeat unfold 2 { c8[ c c] }
\repeat unfold 2 { c8[ c] } |
- c4. c4. \times 2/3 { c8[ c c] } c4
+ c4. c \times 2/3 { c8[ c c] } c4
}
}
>>
@end lilypond
-@strong{@i{Staves with different time signatures, unequal bar lengths}}
+@subsubheading Different time signatures with unequal-length measures
Each staff can be given its own independent time signature by
moving the @code{Timing_translator} and the
>>
@end lilypond
-@snippets
+@funindex \compoundMeter
+@cindex compound time signatures
+@cindex time signature, compound
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
-{compound-time-signatures.ly}
+@subsubheading Compound time signatures
+
+These are created using the @code{\compoundMeter} function. The syntax
+for this is:
+
+@example
+\compoundMeter #'@code{(list of lists)}
+@end example
+
+The simplest construction is a single list, where the @emph{last} number
+indicates the bottom number of the time signature and those that come
+before it, the top numbers.
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative c' {
+ \compoundMeter #'((2 2 2 8))
+ \repeat unfold 6 c8 \repeat unfold 12 c16
+}
+@end lilypond
+More complex meters can be constructed using additional lists. Also,
+automatic beaming settings will be adjusted depending on the values.
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
+\relative c' {
+ \compoundMeter #'((1 4) (3 8))
+ \repeat unfold 5 c8 \repeat unfold 10 c16
+}
+
+\relative c' {
+ \compoundMeter #'((1 2 3 8) (3 4))
+ \repeat unfold 12 c8
+}
+@end lilypond
@seealso
Music Glossary:
@rglos{meter}.
Notation Reference:
+@ref{Automatic beams},
+@ref{Manual beams},
@ref{Time signature},
@ref{Scaling durations}.
@knownissues
-
-When using different time signatures in parallel, notes
-at the same moment will be placed at the same horizontal
-location. However, the bar lines in the different staves
-will cause the note spacing to be less regular in each of the
-individual staves than would be normal without the different
-time signatures.
+When using different time signatures in parallel, notes at the same
+moment will be placed at the same horizontal location. However, the bar
+lines in the different staves will cause the note spacing to be less
+regular in each of the individual staves than would be normal without
+the different time signatures.
@node Automatic note splitting
@unnumberedsubsubsec Automatic note splitting
c1 | c | c | c
@end lilypond
-
@snippets
-
@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{printing-the-bar-number-for-the-first-measure.ly}
@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{printing-bar-numbers-inside-boxes-or-circles.ly}
+@cindex bar numbers, with letters
+@cindex bar numbers, with repeats
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{alternative-bar-numbering.ly}
+
@cindex bar number alignment
@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
{removing-bar-numbers-from-a-score.ly}
-
@seealso
Snippets:
@rlsr{Rhythms}.
@rinternals{BarNumber},
@rinternals{Bar_number_engraver}.
-
@cindex bar number collision
@cindex collision, bar number
@cindex acciaccatura
@funindex \grace
-@funindex grace
+@funindex \slashedGrace
+@funindex \acciaccatura
+@funindex \appoggiatura
-Grace notes are ornaments that are written out. Grace notes
-are printed in a smaller font and take up no logical time
-in a measure.
+Grace notes are musical ornaments, printed in a smaller font, that take
+up no additional logical time in a measure.
@lilypond[quote,relative=2,verbatim]
-c4 \grace c16 c4
-\grace { c16[ d16] } c2
+c4 \grace b16 a4(
+\grace { b16[ c16] } a2)
@end lilypond
-LilyPond also supports two special types of grace notes, the
+There are three other types of grace notes possible; the
@emph{acciaccatura} -- an unmeasured grace note indicated by a slurred
-small note with a slashed stem -- and the @emph{appoggiatura}, which
-takes a fixed fraction of the main note and appears in small print
-without a slash.
+note with a slashed stem -- and the @emph{appoggiatura}, which takes a
+fixed fraction of the main note it is attached to and prints without the
+slash. It is also possible to write a grace note with a slashed stem,
+like the @emph{acciaccatura} but without the slur, so as to place it
+between notes that are slurred themselves, using the
+@code{\slashedGrace} function.
@lilypond[quote,relative=2,verbatim]
-\grace c8 b4
\acciaccatura d8 c4
\appoggiatura e8 d4
-\acciaccatura { g16[ f] } e4
+\acciaccatura { g16[ f] } e2
+\slashedGrace a,8 g4
+\slashedGrace b16 a4(
+\slashedGrace b8 a2)
@end lilypond
-The placement of grace notes is synchronized between different
-staves. In the following example, there are two sixteenth grace
-notes for every eighth grace note
+The placement of grace notes is synchronized between different staves.
+In the following example, there are two sixteenth grace notes for every
+eighth grace note
@lilypond[quote,relative=2,verbatim]
<<
\MyCadenza c'1
}
\new Staff {
- #(ly:export (mmrest-of-length MyCadenza))
+ $(mmrest-of-length MyCadenza)
c'1
- #(ly:export (skip-of-length MyCadenza))
+ $(skip-of-length MyCadenza)
c'1
}
>>
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff