Guide, node Updating translation committishes..
@end ignore
-@c \version "2.13.46"
+@c \version "2.15.16"
@node Fretted string instruments
@section Fretted string instruments
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff.ly}
Music for plucked string instruments is frequently notated using a
finger/touch notation or tablature. In contrast to traditional
notation pitches are not denoted with note heads, but by numbers (or
-letterlike symbols in historical intavolatura). The numbers
-indicate on which string and fret a note must be played. The numbers
-are printed on top of each other if they are to be played
-simultaneously.
-
-By default, string 1 is the highest, and the tuning defaults to the
+letter-like symbols in historical intavolatura). The staff lines
+in tablature indicate the string on which the note is to be played,
+and a number placed on a staff line indicated the fret at which
+the corresponding string is to be pressed.
+Notes that are to be played simultaneously are vertically aligned.
+
+By default, string 1 is the highest string, and corresponds to the top
+line on the @code{TabStaff}. The tuning of the @code{TabStaff}
+strings defaults to the
standard guitar tuning (with 6 strings). The notes are printed as
tablature, by using @code{TabStaff} and @code{TabVoice} contexts. A
calligraphic tablature clef is added automatically.
@cindex tablature and harmonic indications
@cindex slides in tablature notation
@cindex tablature and slides
+@cindex chord glissandi
+@funindex \harmonic
+@funindex \harmonicByFret
+@funindex \harmonicByRatio
+
+Harmonic indications can be added to tablature notation as sounding
+pitches:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+firstHarmonic = {
+ <d'\4\harmonic>4
+ <g'\3\harmonic>4
+ <b'\2\harmonic>2
+}
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new Staff { \firstHarmonic }
+ \new TabStaff { \firstHarmonic }
+ >>
+}
+@end lilypond
+
+Note that the command @code{\harmonic} must always be defined
+inside a chord construct. It only makes sense for open-string harmonics
+in the 12th fret. All other harmonics should be calculated by LilyPond.
+This can be achieved by indicating the fret where a finger of the
+fretting hand should touch a string.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+fretHarmonics = {
+ \harmonicByFret #5 d16\4
+ \harmonicByFret #4 d16\4
+ \harmonicByFret #3 d8\4
+ \harmonicByFret #5 <g\3 b\2>2.
+}
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new Staff { \fretHarmonics }
+ \new TabStaff { \fretHarmonics }
+ >>
+}
+@end lilypond
-Harmonic indications and slides can be added to tablature
-notation.
+Alternatively, harmonics can be computed by defining the ratio of
+string lengths above and below the harmonic fingering.
-@lilypond[verbatim, quote, relative=1]
-\new TabStaff {
- \new TabVoice {
- <c g'\harmonic>4 d\2\glissando e\2
- }
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+ratioHarmonics = {
+ \harmonicByRatio #1/2 <g\3 b\2 e'\1>4
+ \harmonicByRatio #1/3 <g\3 b\2 e'\1>4
+ \harmonicByRatio #1/4 { g8\3 b8\2 e'4\1 }
+}
+\score {
+ <<
+ \new Staff { \ratioHarmonics }
+ \new TabStaff { \ratioHarmonics }
+ >>
}
@end lilypond
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{stem-and-beam-behavior-in-tablature.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{polyphony-in-tablature.ly}
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{open-string-harmonics-in-tablature.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{fretted-string-harmonics-in-tablature.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{slides-in-tablature.ly}
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{chord-glissando-in-tablature.ly}
+
@seealso
Notation Reference:
-@ref{Stems}.
+@ref{Stems},
+@ref{Harmonics},
+@ref{Glissando}.
Snippets:
@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
@cindex tablature, bass
@cindex tablature, double bass
-@funindex StringTunings
+@funindex stringTunings
-LilyPond tabulature automatically calculates the fret for
+LilyPond tablature automatically calculates the fret for
a note based on the string to which the note is assigned.
In order to do this, the tuning of the strings must be
specified. The tuning of the strings is given in the
@code{banjo-open-g-tuning}. The predefined string tunings
are found in @file{ly/string-tuning-init.ly}.
-@funindex contextStringTunings
-@funindex \contextStringTunings
+@funindex stringTuning
+@funindex \stringTuning
@cindex tablature, custom string tunings
@cindex custom string tunings
Any desired string tuning can be created. The
-@code{\contextStringTuning} function can be
-used to define a string tuning and set it as the
-@code{stringTunings} for the current context.
-@code{\contextStringTuning} takes two arguments: the
-symbol in which the string tuning, and a chord construct
-that defines the pitches of each string in the tuning.
+@code{\stringTuning} function can be
+used to define a string tuning which can be used
+to set @code{stringTunings} for the current context.
+
+Its argument is a chord construct
+defining the pitches of each string in the tuning.
The chord construct must be in absolute octave mode,
see @ref{Absolute octave entry}. The string
with the highest number (generally the lowest string) must
\mynotes
}
\new TabStaff {
- \contextStringTuning #'custom-tuning <c' g' d'' a''>
+ \set stringTunings = \stringTuning <c' g' d'' a''>
\mynotes
}
>>
The @code{stringTunings} property is also used by
@code{FretBoards} to calculate automatic fret diagrams.
-@funindex makeStringTuning
-@funindex \makeStringTuning
-
String tunings are used as part of the hash key
for predefined fret diagrams
-(see @ref{Predefined fret diagrams}). The @code{\makeStringTuning}
-function is used to create a string tuning without setting the
-@code{stringTunings} property in the current context. The
-arguments to @code{\makeStringTuning} are the symbol to be
-used for the new string tuning and a chord construct used
-to define the tuning.
+(see @ref{Predefined fret diagrams}).
+
The previous example could also be written as follows:
@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
-\makeStringTuning #'custom-tuning <c' g' d'' a''>
+"custom-tuning" = \stringTuning <c' g' d'' a''>
mynotes = {
c'4 e' g' c'' |
object. Pitch objects are created with the Scheme function
@code{ly:make-pitch} (see @ref{Scheme functions}).
-If desired, a string tuning can be created as a Scheme
-literal. The example below recreates the examples above,
-but the string tuning is not saved as a separate object:
-
-@lilypond[quote,verbatim]
-mynotes = {
- c'4 e' g' c'' |
- e''4 g'' b'' c'''
-}
-
-<<
- \new Staff {
- \clef treble
- \mynotes
- }
- \new TabStaff {
- \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #`(,(ly:make-pitch 1 5 0)
- ,(ly:make-pitch 1 1 0)
- ,(ly:make-pitch 0 4 0)
- ,(ly:make-pitch 0 0 0))
- \mynotes
- }
->>
-@end lilypond
+@code{\stringTuning} creates such an object from chord input.
-LilyPond automatically calculates the number of strings in the
+LilyPond automatically calculates the number of lines in the
@code{TabStaff} and the number of strings in an automatically
calculated @code{FretBoard} as the number of elements
in @code{stringTunings}.
+To let all TabStaff contexts use the same custom tuning by default,
+you can use
+
+@example
+\layout @{
+ \context @{
+ \TabStaff
+ stringTunings = \stringTuning \notemode @{ <c' g' d'' a''> @}
+ @}
+@}
+@end example
+
+
@cindex moderntab clef
@cindex clef, moderntab
@cindex clef, tab
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{changing-fret-orientations.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{customizing-markup-fret-diagrams.ly}
@seealso
@cindex fret diagrams
@cindex fret diagrams, ukulele
+@cindex fret diagrams, mandolin
@cindex chord diagrams
@funindex FretBoards
}
@end lilypond
+Fret diagrams for the mandolin are contained in the file
+@file{predefined-mandolin-fretboards.ly}.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
+\include "predefined-mandolin-fretboards.ly"
+
+myChords = \chordmode { c1 c:m7.5- c:aug }
+
+\new ChordNames {
+ \myChords
+}
+
+\new FretBoards {
+ \set stringTunings = #mandolin-tuning
+ \myChords
+}
+@end lilypond
+
Chord pitches can be entered
either as simultaneous music or using chord mode (see
@ref{Chord mode overview}).
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{customizing-fretboard-fret-diagrams.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{defining-predefined-fretboards-for-other-instruments.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{chordchanges-for-fretboards.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{fretboards-alternate-tables.ly}
Installed Files:
@file{ly/predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly},
@file{ly/predefined-guitar-ninth-fretboards.ly},
-@file{ly/predefined-ukulele-fretboards.ly}.
+@file{ly/predefined-ukulele-fretboards.ly},
+@file{ly/predefined-mandolin-fretboards.ly}.
Snippets:
@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
@snippets
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{placement-of-right-hand-fingerings.ly}
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{fingerings,-string-indications,-and-right-hand-fingerings.ly}
@funindex banjo-open-dm-tuning
@funindex four-string-banjo
-A number of common tunings for banjo are predefined in LilyPond:
+A number of common tunings for the five-string banjo are predefined:
@code{banjo-c-tuning} (gCGBD), @code{banjo-modal-tuning} (gDGCD),
@code{banjo-open-d-tuning} (aDF#AD) and @code{banjo-open-dm-tuning}
(aDFAD).
-These tunings may be converted to four-string banjo tunings using the
+These may be converted to four-string tunings using the
@code{four-string-banjo} function:
@example
\set TabStaff.stringTunings = #(four-string-banjo banjo-c-tuning)
@end example
-
@seealso
Snippets:
@rlsr{Fretted strings}.
Installed Files:
-@file{scm/output-lib.scm} contains predefined banjo tunings.
+@file{ly/string-tunings-init.ly}
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff