@cindex dynamics, absolute
@funindex \ppppp
-@funindex ppppp
@funindex \pppp
-@funindex pppp
@funindex \ppp
-@funindex ppp
@funindex \pp
-@funindex pp
@funindex \p
-@funindex p
@funindex \mp
-@funindex mp
@funindex \mf
-@funindex mf
@funindex \f
-@funindex f
@funindex \ff
-@funindex ff
@funindex \fff
-@funindex fff
@funindex \ffff
-@funindex ffff
@funindex \fffff
-@funindex fffff
@funindex \fp
-@funindex fp
@funindex \sf
-@funindex sf
@funindex \sff
-@funindex sff
@funindex \sp
-@funindex sp
@funindex \spp
-@funindex spp
@funindex \sfz
-@funindex sfz
@funindex \rfz
-@funindex rfz
Absolute dynamic marks are specified using a command after a note,
such as @code{c4\ff}. The available dynamic marks are
@funindex \>
@funindex \!
@funindex \cr
-@funindex cr
@funindex \decr
-@funindex decr
A @notation{crescendo} mark is started with @code{\<} and
terminated with @code{\!}, an absolute dynamic, or an additional
that has the next @code{\<} or @code{\>} assigned to it. The next
hairpin will then start at the right edge of the same note
instead of the usual left edge had it been terminated with @code{\!}
-before.
+before. A hairpin ending on a downbeat will stop at the preceding bar line.
@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
\relative {
@cindex espressivo articulation
@funindex \espressivo
-@funindex espressivo
The @code{\espressivo} command can be used to indicate a crescendo
and decrescendo on the same note. However, be warned that this is
@end lilypond
@funindex \cresc
-@funindex cresc
@funindex \decresc
-@funindex decresc
@funindex \dim
-@funindex dim
Textual crescendo marks begin with @code{\cresc}.
Textual decrescendos begin with @code{\decresc} or @code{\dim}.
Extender lines are engraved as required.
@end lilypond
@funindex \crescTextCresc
-@funindex crescTextCresc
@funindex \dimTextDecresc
-@funindex dimTextDecresc
@funindex \dimTextDecr
-@funindex dimTextDecr
@funindex \dimTextDim
-@funindex dimTextDim
@funindex \crescHairpin
-@funindex crescHairpin
@funindex \dimHairpin
-@funindex dimHairpin
Textual marks for dynamic changes can also replace hairpins:
@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
Vertical positioning of dynamics is handled by
@rinternals{DynamicLineSpanner}.
@funindex \dynamicUp
-@funindex dynamicUp
@funindex \dynamicDown
-@funindex dynamicDown
@funindex \dynamicNeutral
-@funindex dynamicNeutral
A @code{Dynamics} context is available to engrave dynamics on
their own horizontal line. Use spacer rests to indicate timing.
@snippets
+@cindex hairpins at bar lines
+
@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{setting-hairpin-behavior-at-bar-lines.ly}
@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
{setting-the-minimum-length-of-hairpins.ly}
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
+{moving-the-ends-of-hairpins.ly}
+
@cindex al niente
@cindex niente, al
@cindex dynamics, parenthesis
@cindex editorial dynamics
@funindex \bracket
-@funindex bracket
@funindex \dynamic
-@funindex dynamic
In markup mode, editorial dynamics (within parentheses or square
brackets) can be created. The syntax for markup mode is described
@cindex slurs, below notes
@cindex slurs, above notes
@funindex \slurDown
-@funindex slurDown
@funindex \slurNeutral
-@funindex slurNeutral
Slurs may be manually placed above or below the staff; see
@ref{Direction and placement}.
@cindex slur, phrasing
@cindex slurs, multiple
@cindex slurs, simultaneous
+@funindex \=
+
+Simultaneous or overlapping slurs require special attention. Most
+occurences of outer slurs actually indicate phrasing, and phrasing
+slurs may overlap a regular slur, see @ref{Phrasing slurs}. When
+multiple regular slurs are needed in a single @code{Voice},
+matching slur starts and ends need to be labelled by preceding
+them with @code{\=} followed by an identifying key (a symbol or
+non-negative integer).
-Simultaneous or overlapping slurs are not permitted, but a phrasing
-slur can overlap a slur. This permits two slurs to be printed at
-once. For details, see @ref{Phrasing slurs}.
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+\fixed c' {
+ <c~ f\=1( g\=2( >2 <c e\=1) a\=2) >
+}
+@end lilypond
@cindex slur style
@cindex slur, solid
@cindex dashed slur
@cindex style, slur
@funindex \slurDashed
-@funindex slurDashed
@funindex \slurDotted
-@funindex slurDotted
@funindex \slurSolid
-@funindex slurSolid
Slurs can be solid, dotted, or dashed. Solid is the default slur
style:
@end lilypond
@funindex \slurHalfDashed
-@funindex slurHalfDashed
@funindex \slurHalfSolid
-@funindex slurHalfSolid
@cindex slur, half dashed and half solid
Slurs can also be made half-dashed (the first half dashed, the
@end lilypond
@funindex \slurDashPattern
-@funindex slurDashPattern
@cindex slur, defining dash patterns
Custom dash patterns for slurs can be defined:
@funindex \slurUp
-@funindex slurUp
@predefined
@end lilypond
@funindex \phrasingSlurUp
-@funindex phrasingSlurUp
@funindex \phrasingSlurDown
-@funindex phrasingSlurDown
@funindex \phrasingSlurNeutral
-@funindex phrasingSlurNeutral
Typographically, a phrasing slur behaves almost exactly like a
normal slur. However, they are treated as different objects; a
@cindex phrasing slur, simultaneous
@cindex phrasing slur, multiple
-Simultaneous or overlapping phrasing slurs are not permitted.
+Simultaneous or overlapping phrasing slurs are entered using
+@code{\=} as with regular slurs, see @ref{Slurs}.
-@funindex phrasingSlurDashed
@funindex \phrasingSlurDashed
@funindex \phrasingSlurDotted
-@funindex phrasingSlurDotted
@funindex \phrasingSlurSolid
-@funindex phrasingSlurSolid
@cindex phrasing slur, dashed
@cindex dashed phrasing slur
@cindex phrasing slur, dotted
}
@end lilypond
-@funindex phrasingSlurHalfDashed
@funindex \phrasingSlurHalfDashed
@funindex \phrasingSlurHalfSolid
-@funindex phrasingSlurHalfSolid
@cindex phrasing slur, half solid and half dashed
@cindex slur, half solid and half dashed phrasing
@end lilypond
@funindex \phrasingSlurDashPattern
-@funindex phrasingSlurDashPattern
@cindex phrasing slur, defining dash patterns
@cindex slur, phrasing, defining dash patterns
@cindex slur, defining dash patterns for phrasing
@cindex breath marks
@cindex pause mark
@funindex \breathe
-@funindex breathe
Breath marks are entered using @code{\breathe}:
@cindex falls
@cindex doits
@funindex \bendAfter
-@funindex bendAfter
@notation{Falls} and @notation{doits} can be added to notes using
the @code{\bendAfter} command. The direction of the fall or doit
@cindex glissando
@funindex \glissando
-@funindex glissando
A @notation{glissando} is created by appending @code{\glissando}
to a note:
@cindex chord, broken
@funindex \arpeggio
-@funindex arpeggio
@funindex \arpeggioArrowUp
-@funindex arpeggioArrowUp
@funindex \arpeggioArrowDown
-@funindex arpeggioArrowDown
@funindex \arpeggioNormal
-@funindex arpeggioNormal
An @notation{arpeggio} on a chord (also known as a broken chord)
is denoted by appending @code{\arpeggio} to the chord construct:
@cindex special arpeggio symbols
@funindex \arpeggioBracket
-@funindex arpeggioBracket
@funindex \arpeggioParenthesis
-@funindex arpeggioParenthesis
@funindex \arpeggioParenthesisDashed
-@funindex arpeggioParenthesisDashed
Special @emph{bracketed} arpeggio symbols can be created:
@code{\arpeggioArrowDown},
@code{\arpeggioNormal},
@code{\arpeggioBracket},
-@code{\arpeggioParenthesis}
+@code{\arpeggioParenthesis},
@code{\arpeggioParenthesisDashed}.
@endpredefined
@cindex trills
@funindex \trill
-@funindex trill
@funindex \startTrillSpan
-@funindex startTrillSpan
@funindex \stopTrillSpan
-@funindex stopTrillSpan
Short trills without an extender line are printed with
@code{\trill}; see @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}.
@cindex pitched trills
@cindex trills, pitched
@funindex \pitchedTrill
-@funindex pitchedTrill
Trills that require an auxiliary note with an explicit pitch can
be typeset with the @code{\pitchedTrill} command. The first
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff