Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the
- version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details.
+ version that you are working on. For details, see the Contributors'
+ Guide, node Updating translation committishes..
@end ignore
-@c \version "2.12.0"
+@c \version "2.19.25"
@node Templates
@appendix Templates
already set up for you. Just add notes, run LilyPond, and enjoy
beautiful printed scores!
-@c bad node name for ancient notation to avoid conflict
@menu
-* Single staff::
+* Built-in templates::
+* Single staff templates::
* Piano templates::
-* String quartet::
-* Vocal ensembles::
+* String quartet templates::
+* Vocal ensembles templates::
* Orchestral templates::
* Ancient notation templates::
-* Jazz combo::
-* lilypond-book templates::
+* Other templates::
+@end menu
+
+
+@node Built-in templates
+@appendixsec Built-in templates
+
+Some templates, suitable for a range of choral music, are built into
+LilyPond. These may be used to create simple choral music, with or
+without piano accompaniment, in two, four or eight staves. Unlike
+other templates, these templates are @q{built-in}, which means they do
+not need to be copied and edited: instead they are simply
+@code{@bs{}include}'d in the input file.
+
+@warning {Unlike most included files, these built-in templates must be
+@code{@bs{}include}'d at the @emph{end} of the input file.}
+
+The required music expressions are entered by defining values for
+specific variables. These definitions must come before the
+@code{@bs{}include}'d file.
+
+@menu
+* SATB template::
+* SSAATTBB template::
@end menu
+@node SATB template
+@appendixsubsec SATB template
+
+The music may be set out with one or two voices per staff by setting
+@code{TwoVoicesPerStaff} to @code{##f} or @code{##t} respectively.
+
+Here's the complete input file for producing a full four-part SATB
+arrangement with individual lyrics and piano accompaniment:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, quote]
+ SopranoMusic = \relative { a'4\f a8 a a4 a }
+ SopranoLyrics = \lyricmode { Sop -- ra -- no ly -- rics }
+ AltoMusic = \relative { d'4\f d d d }
+ AltoLyrics = \lyricmode { Al -- to ly -- rics }
+ TenorMusic = \relative { a4\p a a a }
+ TenorLyrics = \lyricmode { Te -- nor ly -- rics }
+ BassMusic = \relative { c2\p c4 c }
+ BassLyrics = \lyricmode { Bass ly -- rics }
+ PianoRHMusic = \relative { c' e g c }
+ PianoDynamics = { s2\mp s4 s4 }
+ PianoLHMusic = \relative { c e g c }
+ \include "satb.ly"
+@end lilypond
+
+The same input can be used to produce a score with two voices
+per staff just by setting @code{TwoVoicesPerStaff} to @code{##t}.
+Again, each voice has individual lyrics.
+
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, quote]
+ SopranoMusic = \relative { a'4\f a8 a a4 a }
+ SopranoLyrics = \lyricmode { Sop -- ra -- no ly -- rics }
+ AltoMusic = \relative { d'4\f d d d }
+ AltoLyrics = \lyricmode { Al -- to ly -- rics }
+ TenorMusic = \relative { a4\p a a a }
+ TenorLyrics = \lyricmode { Te -- nor ly -- rics }
+ BassMusic = \relative { c2\p c4 c }
+ BassLyrics = \lyricmode { Bass ly -- rics }
+ PianoRHMusic = \relative { c' e g c }
+ PianoDynamics = { s2\mp s4 s4 }
+ PianoLHMusic = \relative { c e g c }
+ TwoVoicesPerStaff = ##t
+ \include "satb.ly"
+@end lilypond
+
+When @code{TwoVoicesPerStaff} is set to false or allowed to default,
+any of the music variables may be omitted to produce arrangements
+with fewer voices. Here, for example, is how the input file for a
+Soprano/Bass duet might be written:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+ SopranoMusic = \relative { c'' c c c }
+ SopranoLyrics = \lyricmode { High voice ly -- rics }
+ BassMusic = \relative { a a a a }
+ BassLyrics = \lyricmode { Low voice ly -- rics }
+ \include "satb.ly"
+@end lilypond
+
+A second verse or alternative lyrics may be added to each of the
+parts:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, quote]
+ SopranoMusic = \relative { a'4 a a a }
+ SopranoLyricsOne = \lyricmode {
+ \set stanza = "1."
+ Words to verse one
+ }
+ SopranoLyricsTwo = \lyricmode {
+ \set stanza = "2."
+ Words to verse two
+ }
+ \include "satb.ly"
+@end lilypond
+
+When the lyrics and rhythms are the same for every part, the vocal
+music is best arranged on two staves with two voices in each. Up to
+nine verses may be provided. Here's an unaccompanied example with
+just three verses.
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, quote]
+ SopranoMusic = \relative { a' a a a }
+ AltoMusic = \relative { f' f f f }
+ VerseOne = \lyricmode {
+ \set stanza = "1."
+ Words to verse one
+ }
+ VerseTwo = \lyricmode {
+ \set stanza = "2."
+ Words to verse two
+ }
+ VerseThree = \lyricmode {
+ \set stanza = "3."
+ Words to verse three
+ }
+ TenorMusic = \relative { a a a a }
+ BassMusic = \relative { f f f f }
+ TwoVoicesPerStaff = ##t
+ \include "satb.ly"
+@end lilypond
+
+Other variables may be given values. The key signature and
+the time signature may be changed from the default:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim, quote]
+ Key = \key a \major
+ Time = {
+ \time 5/4
+ \tempo "Allegro" 4 = 144
+ }
+ SopranoMusic = \relative { gis' gis gis gis gis }
+ AltoMusic = \relative { cis' cis cis cis cis }
+ VerseOne = \lyricmode { Words to this du -- et }
+ TwoVoicesPerStaff = ##t
+ \include "satb.ly"
+@end lilypond
+
+The instrument names and/or the short instrument names may be
+changed:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+ SopranoMusic = \relative { c'' c c c }
+ SopranoLyrics = \lyricmode { High voice ly -- rics }
+ SopranoInstrumentName = "Soprano 1"
+ SopranoShortInstrumentName = "S1"
+ AltoMusic = \relative { a' a a a }
+ AltoLyrics = \lyricmode { Low voice ly -- rics }
+ AltoInstrumentName = "Soprano 2"
+ AltoShortInstrumentName = "S2"
+ \include "satb.ly"
+@end lilypond
+
+although rather than do this it might be easier to use the
+@code{ssaattbb.ly} template, see @ref{SSAATTBB template}.
+
+A descant may be added by defining values for the variable
+@code{DescantMusic} and descant lyrics may be provided by defining
+values for @code{DescantLyrics}. In a similar way a solo part may be
+added above the grouped choir staves by defining values for
+@code{SoloMusic} and @code{SoloLyrics}.
+
+@code{\header} and @code{\paper} blocks may be added as normal.
+A @code{\layout} block may be provided as usual at top level, and
+the contents will be combined with (but will not override) the default
+settings provided in the template. Alternatively, all the default
+settings provided by the template can be discarded by defining a
+@code{Layout} variable containing @emph{all} the required settings:
-@node Single staff
-@appendixsec Single staff
+@example
+Layout = \layout @{ ... @}
+@end example
+
+The complete set of variables which may be changed can be seen by
+examining the file @file{ly/satb.ly}, see
+@ref{Other sources of information}.
+
+@seealso
+Learning Manual:
+@ref{Organizing pieces with variables},
+@ref{Vocal ensembles templates},
+@ref{Extending the templates},
+@ref{Other sources of information}.
+
+@knownissues
+The setting of the @code{TwoVoicesPerStaff} variable applies for the
+entire duration of the score: it cannot be given different values at
+different times.
+
+More complex arrangements of SATB choral music are not possible with
+this simple built-in template.
+
+
+@node SSAATTBB template
+@appendixsubsec SSAATTBB template
+
+All the variables defined for the SATB template, with the exception of
+the @code{VerseXxx} variables, are also available for the SSAATTBB
+template, see @ref{SATB template}. In addition, music and lyrics for
+first and second voices in any or all of the four parts may be specified
+by providing values for @code{SopranoOneMusic}, @code{SopranoTwoMusic},
+etc, with lyrics in @code{SopranoOneLyrics} and @code{SopranoTwoLyrics},
+etc. Up to four additional stanzas may be defined for all the voice
+parts by using the variables @code{SopranoOneLyricsOne}, with the others
+defined in an analogous way.
+
+Setting @code{TwoVoicesPerStaff} to @code{##t} will cause @emph{all}
+voice parts to be placed on single staves as divisi voices. If
+@code{TwoVoicesPerStaff} is left to default or set to @code{##f} then
+individual voice parts may be set on one or two staves according to
+the setting of @code{SopranoTwoVoicesPerStaff},
+@code{MenTwoVoicesPerStaff}, etc.
+
+As an example, suppose we have a piece for soprano and alto which begins
+with all voices in unison, progresses to a section with two parts,
+soprano and alto, and ends with a four-part section. This would be
+coded like this:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+Time = { s1 \break s1 \break }
+WomenMusic = \relative { a'4 a a a }
+WomenLyrics = \lyricmode { Wo -- men ly -- rics }
+SopranoMusic = \relative { s1 | c''4 c c c8 c }
+SopranoLyrics = \lyricmode{ So -- pra -- no ly -- rics }
+AltoMusic = \relative { s1 | g'4 g g g }
+AltoLyrics = \lyricmode { Al -- to ly -- rics }
+SopranoOneMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 |e''4 e e e }
+SopranoOneLyrics = \lyricmode { Sop One ly -- rics }
+SopranoTwoMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 | c''4 c c c }
+SopranoTwoLyrics = \lyricmode { Sop Two ly -- rics }
+AltoOneMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 | g'4 g g g8 g }
+AltoOneLyrics = \lyricmode { Al -- to One ly -- rics }
+AltoTwoMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 | e'4 e e e8 e }
+AltoTwoLyrics = \lyricmode { Al -- to Two ly -- rics }
+\layout { ragged-right = ##t }
+\include "ssaattbb.ly"
+@end lilypond
+Male voices may be added in an analogous way.
+
+To change the layout so that the divisi soprano voices use a shared
+staff, we simply set @code{SopranoTwoVoicesPerStaff} to ##t, leaving
+all other variables unchanged, like this:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+SopranoTwoVoicesPerStaff = ##t
+Time = { s1 \break s1 \break }
+WomenMusic = \relative { a'4 a a a }
+WomenLyrics = \lyricmode { Wo -- men ly -- rics }
+SopranoMusic = \relative { s1 | c''4 c c c8 c }
+SopranoLyrics = \lyricmode{ So -- pra -- no ly -- rics }
+AltoMusic = \relative { s1 | g'4 g g g }
+AltoLyrics = \lyricmode { Al -- to ly -- rics }
+SopranoOneMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 |e''4 e e e }
+SopranoOneLyrics = \lyricmode { Sop One ly -- rics }
+SopranoTwoMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 | c''4 c c c }
+SopranoTwoLyrics = \lyricmode { Sop Two ly -- rics }
+AltoOneMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 | g'4 g g g8 g }
+AltoOneLyrics = \lyricmode { Al -- to One ly -- rics }
+AltoTwoMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 | e'4 e e e8 e }
+AltoTwoLyrics = \lyricmode { Al -- to Two ly -- rics }
+\layout { ragged-right = ##t }
+\include "ssaattbb.ly"
+@end lilypond
+
+or, to make all paired voices share a single staff, set
+@code{TwoVoicesPerStaff} to ##t:
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+TwoVoicesPerStaff = ##t
+Time = { s1 \break s1 \break }
+WomenMusic = \relative { a'4 a a a }
+WomenLyrics = \lyricmode { Wo -- men ly -- rics }
+SopranoMusic = \relative { s1 | c''4 c c c8 c }
+SopranoLyrics = \lyricmode{ So -- pra -- no ly -- rics }
+AltoMusic = \relative { s1 | g'4 g g g }
+AltoLyrics = \lyricmode { Al -- to ly -- rics }
+SopranoOneMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 |e''4 e e e }
+SopranoOneLyrics = \lyricmode { Sop One ly -- rics }
+SopranoTwoMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 | c''4 c c c }
+SopranoTwoLyrics = \lyricmode { Sop Two ly -- rics }
+AltoOneMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 | g'4 g g g8 g }
+AltoOneLyrics = \lyricmode { Al -- to One ly -- rics }
+AltoTwoMusic = \relative { s1 | s1 | e'4 e e e8 e }
+AltoTwoLyrics = \lyricmode { Al -- to Two ly -- rics }
+\layout { ragged-right = ##t }
+\include "ssaattbb.ly"
+@end lilypond
+
+The complete set of variables which may be changed can be seen by
+examining the file @file{ly/ssaattbb.ly}, see
+@ref{Other sources of information}.
+
+@seealso
+Learning Manual:
+@ref{Organizing pieces with variables},
+@ref{Vocal ensembles templates},
+@ref{Extending the templates},
+@ref{Other sources of information}.
+
+@knownissues
+The setting of the various @code{...TwoVoicesPerStaff} variables apply
+for the entire duration of the score: they cannot be given different
+values at different times.
+
+More complex arrangements of 8-part choral music are not possible with
+this simple built-in template.
+
+
+@node Single staff templates
+@appendixsec Single staff templates
+
+@menu
+* Notes only::
+* Notes and lyrics::
+* Notes and chords::
+* Notes lyrics and chords::
+@end menu
+
+@node Notes only
@appendixsubsec Notes only
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,addversion]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{single-staff-template-with-only-notes.ly}
-
+@node Notes and lyrics
@appendixsubsec Notes and lyrics
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,addversion]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{single-staff-template-with-notes-and-lyrics.ly}
+@node Notes and chords
@appendixsubsec Notes and chords
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{single-staff-template-with-notes-and-chords.ly}
-@appendixsubsec Notes, lyrics, and chords.
+@node Notes lyrics and chords
+@appendixsubsec Notes, lyrics, and chords
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{single-staff-template-with-notes,-lyrics,-and-chords.ly}
@node Piano templates
@appendixsec Piano templates
+@menu
+* Solo piano::
+* Piano and melody with lyrics::
+* Piano centered lyrics::
+@end menu
+
+@node Solo piano
@appendixsubsec Solo piano
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{piano-template-simple.ly}
+@node Piano and melody with lyrics
@appendixsubsec Piano and melody with lyrics
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{piano-template-with-melody-and-lyrics.ly}
+@node Piano centered lyrics
@appendixsubsec Piano centered lyrics
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{piano-template-with-centered-lyrics.ly}
-@appendixsubsec Piano centered dynamics
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
-{piano-template-with-centered-dynamics.ly}
+@node String quartet templates
+@appendixsec String quartet templates
+@menu
+* String quartet::
+* String quartet parts::
+@end menu
@node String quartet
-@appendixsec String quartet
-
@appendixsubsec String quartet
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{string-quartet-template-simple.ly}
+@node String quartet parts
@appendixsubsec String quartet parts
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{string-quartet-template-with-separate-parts.ly}
-@node Vocal ensembles
-@appendixsec Vocal ensembles
+@node Vocal ensembles templates
+@appendixsec Vocal ensembles templates
+
+The templates shown below should be copied into your score and edited
+there. If you have a relatively simple SATB layout you may prefer to
+use the built-in templates, which can simply be @code{\include}'d, see
+@ref{Built-in templates}.
+
+@menu
+* SATB vocal score::
+* SATB vocal score and automatic piano reduction::
+* SATB with aligned contexts::
+* SATB on four staves::
+* Solo verse and two-part refrain::
+* Hymn tunes::
+* Psalms::
+@end menu
+@node SATB vocal score
@appendixsubsec SATB vocal score
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{vocal-ensemble-template.ly}
+@node SATB vocal score and automatic piano reduction
@appendixsubsec SATB vocal score and automatic piano reduction
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{vocal-ensemble-template-with-automatic-piano-reduction.ly}
+@node SATB with aligned contexts
@appendixsubsec SATB with aligned contexts
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{vocal-ensemble-template-with-lyrics-aligned-below-and-above-the-staves.ly}
+@node SATB on four staves
+@appendixsubsec SATB on four staves
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+{satb-choir-template---four-staves.ly}
+
+@node Solo verse and two-part refrain
+@appendixsubsec Solo verse and two-part refrain
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+{vocal-ensemble-template-with-verse-and-refrain.ly}
+
+@node Hymn tunes
+@appendixsubsec Hymn tunes
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+{hymn-template.ly}
+
+@node Psalms
+@appendixsubsec Psalms
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+{anglican-psalm-template.ly}
+
@node Orchestral templates
@appendixsec Orchestral templates
+@menu
+* Orchestra choir and piano::
+@end menu
+
+@node Orchestra choir and piano
@appendixsubsec Orchestra, choir and piano
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{orchestra,-choir-and-piano-template.ly}
-@c bad node name to avoid node name conflict
@node Ancient notation templates
@appendixsec Ancient notation templates
+@menu
+* Transcription of mensural music::
+* Gregorian transcription template::
+@end menu
+
+@node Transcription of mensural music
@appendixsubsec Transcription of mensural music
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
-{ancient-notation-template----modern-transcription-of-mensural-music.ly}
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+{incipit.ly}
+@node Gregorian transcription template
@appendixsubsec Gregorian transcription template
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{ancient-notation-template----modern-transcription-of-gregorian-music.ly}
+
+@node Other templates
+@appendixsec Other templates
+
+@menu
+* Jazz combo::
+@end menu
+
@node Jazz combo
-@appendixsec Jazz combo
+@appendixsubsec Jazz combo
-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{jazz-combo-template.ly}
@ The `line-width' is for \header.
@li lypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right,line-width]
-\version "2.12.0"
+\version "2.19.25"
\header {
dedication = "dedication"
title = "Title"
@end ignore
-@node lilypond-book templates
-@appendixsec lilypond-book templates
-
-These templates are for use with @code{lilypond-book}. If you're not familiar
-with this program, please refer to @rprogram{LilyPond-book}.
-
-@appendixsubsec LaTeX
-
-You can include LilyPond fragments in a LaTeX document.
-
-@example
-\documentclass[]@{article@}
-
-\begin@{document@}
-
-Normal LaTeX text.
-
-\begin@{lilypond@}
-\relative c'' @{
-a4 b c d
-@}
-\end@{lilypond@}
-
-More LaTeX text.
-
-\begin@{lilypond@}
-\relative c'' @{
-d4 c b a
-@}
-\end@{lilypond@}
-\end@{document@}
-@end example
-
-@appendixsubsec Texinfo
-
-You can include LilyPond fragments in Texinfo; in fact, this entire manual
-is written in Texinfo.
-
-@example
-\input texinfo
-@@node Top
-
-Texinfo text
-
-@@lilypond[verbatim,fragment,ragged-right]
-a4 b c d
-@@end lilypond
-
-More Texinfo text
-
-@@lilypond[verbatim,fragment,ragged-right]
-d4 c b a
-@@end lilypond
-
-@@bye
-@end example
-
-
-@appendixsubsec xelatex
-
-@verbatim
-\documentclass{article}
-\usepackage{ifxetex}
-\ifxetex
-%xetex specific stuff
-\usepackage{xunicode,fontspec,xltxtra}
-\setmainfont[Numbers=OldStyle]{Times New Roman}
-\setsansfont{Arial}
-\else
-%This can be empty if you are not going to use pdftex
-\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
-\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
-\usepackage{mathptmx}%Times
-\usepackage{helvet}%Helvetica
-\fi
-%Here you can insert all packages that pdftex also understands
-\usepackage[ngerman,finnish,english]{babel}
-\usepackage{graphicx}
-
-\begin{document}
-\title{A short document with LilyPond and xelatex}
-\maketitle
-
-Normal \textbf{font} commands inside the \emph{text} work,
-because they \textsf{are supported by \LaTeX{} and XeteX.}
-If you want to use specific commands like \verb+\XeTeX+, you
-should include them again in a \verb+\ifxetex+ environment.
-You can use this to print the \ifxetex \XeTeX{} command \else
-XeTeX command \fi which is not known to normal \LaTeX .
-
-In normal text you can easily use LilyPond commands, like this:
-
-\begin{lilypond}
-{a2 b c'8 c' c' c'}
-\end{lilypond}
-
-\noindent
-and so on.
-
-The fonts of snippets set with LilyPond will have to be set from
-inside
-of the snippet. For this you should read the AU on how to use
-lilypond-book.
-
-\selectlanguage{ngerman}
-Auch Umlaute funktionieren ohne die \LaTeX -Befehle, wie auch alle
-anderen
-seltsamen Zeichen: __ ______, wenn sie von der Schriftart
-unterst__tzt werden.
-\end{document}
-@end verbatim
-
projects / lilypond.git / blobdiff