Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master' into translation

[lilypond.git] / Documentation / notation / editorial.itely

diff --git a/Documentation/notation/editorial.itely b/Documentation/notation/editorial.itely
index eec43dd741bcd24dada7446df197e6d452cecd9b..fe624548cc43c24c511b663ae9815a7d8a949298 100644 (file)
--- a/Documentation/notation/editorial.itely
+++ b/Documentation/notation/editorial.itely
@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@
     Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
 
     When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the
     Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
 
     When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the

-    version that you are working on.  See TRANSLATION for details.
+    version that you are working on.  For details, see the Contributors'
+    Guide, node Updating translation committishes..

 @end ignore
 
 @end ignore
 

-@c \version "2.12.0"
+@c \version "2.17.11"

 
 @node Editorial annotations
 @section Editorial annotations
 
 @node Editorial annotations
 @section Editorial annotations


@@ -48,62 +49,212 @@ inside the staff.
 
 @funindex fontSize
 @funindex font-size
 
 @funindex fontSize
 @funindex font-size

+@funindex magnification->font-size

 @funindex magstep
 @funindex magstep

-@funindex \huge
-@funindex \large
+@funindex magnifyMusic
+@funindex teeny
+@funindex tiny
+@funindex small
+@funindex normalsize
+@funindex large
+@funindex huge
+@funindex \magnifyMusic
+@funindex \teeny
+@funindex \tiny

 @funindex \normalsize
 @funindex \small
 @funindex \normalsize
 @funindex \small

-@funindex \tiny
-@funindex \teeny
-@funindex huge
-@funindex large
-@funindex normalsize
-@funindex small
-@funindex tiny
-@funindex teeny
+@funindex \large
+@funindex \huge
+
+@warning{@*
+For font sizes of text, see @ref{Selecting font and font size}.@*
+For staff size, see @ref{Setting the staff size}.@*
+For cue notes, see @ref{Formatting cue notes}.@*
+For ossia staves, see @ref{Ossia staves}.}
+
+To change the size of the notation without changing the staff
+size, specify a magnification factor with the @code{\magnifyMusic}
+command:
+
+@c Grieg Piano Concerto (mvt.1 cadenza)
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+\new Staff <<
+  \new Voice \relative {
+    \voiceOne
+    <e' e'>4 <f f'>8. <g g'>16 <f f'>8 <e e'>4 r8
+  }
+  \new Voice \relative {
+    \voiceTwo
+    \magnifyMusic 0.63 {
+      \override Score.SpacingSpanner.spacing-increment = #(* 1.2 0.63)
+      r32 c'' a c a c a c r c a c a c a c
+      r c a c a c a c a c a c a c a c
+    }
+  }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+The @code{\override} in the example above is a bug workaround.
+See the @qq{Known issues and warnings} at the end of this section.

 
 

-The font size of notation elements may be altered.  It does not
-change the size of variable symbols, such as beams or slurs.
+If a normal sized note head is merged with a smaller one, the size
+of the smaller note may need to be reset (with
+@w{@samp{\once@tie{}\normalsize}}) so that the stems and
+accidentals align properly:

 
 

-@warning{For font sizes of text, see
-@ref{Selecting font and font size}.}
+@c Chopin Prelude op.28 no.8
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote]
+\new Staff <<
+  \key fis \minor
+  \mergeDifferentlyDottedOn
+  \new Voice \relative {
+    \voiceOne
+    \magnifyMusic 0.63 {
+      \override Score.SpacingSpanner.spacing-increment = #(* 1.2 0.63)
+      \once \normalsize cis'32( cis' gis b a fis \once \normalsize d d'
+      \once \normalsize cis, cis' gis b a gis \once \normalsize fis fis'
+      \once \normalsize fis, fis' ais, cis b gis \once \normalsize eis eis'
+      \once \normalsize a, a' bis, d cis b \once \normalsize gis gis')
+    }
+  }
+  \new Voice \relative {
+    \voiceTwo
+    cis'8. d16 cis8. fis16 fis8. eis16 a8. gis16
+  }
+>>
+@end lilypond
+
+The @code{\magnifyMusic} command is not intended for cue notes,
+grace notes, or ossia staves---there are more appropriate methods
+of entering each of those constructs.  Instead, it is useful when
+the notation size changes in a single instrumental part on one
+staff, and where grace notes are not appropriate, such as in
+cadenza-like passages or in cases such as the above examples.
+Setting the @code{\magnifyMusic} value to 0.63 duplicates the
+dimensions of the @code{CueVoice} context.
+
+@warning{The @code{@bs{}magnifyMusic} command should @i{not} be
+used when also resizing the staff.  See @ref{Setting the staff
+size}.}
+
+
+@subsubsubheading Resizing individual layout objects
+
+An individual layout object can be resized by using the
+@code{\tweak} or @code{\override} commands to adjust its
+@code{font-size} property:
+
+@lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=1]
+% resize a note head
+<f \tweak font-size -4 b e>-5
+% resize a fingering
+bes-\tweak font-size 0 -3
+% resize an accidental
+\once \override Accidental.font-size = -4 bes!-^
+% resize an articulation
+\once \override Script.font-size = 4 bes!-^
+@end lilypond
+
+The default @code{font-size} value for each layout object is
+listed in the Internals Reference.  The @code{font-size} property
+can only be set for layout objects that support the
+@code{font-interface} layout interface.  If @code{font-size} is
+not specified in the object's @q{Standard@tie{}settings} list, its
+value is 0.  See @rinternals{All layout objects}.
+
+
+@subsubsubheading Understanding the @code{fontSize} property
+
+The @code{fontSize} context property adjusts the relative size of
+all glyph-based notational elements in a context:

 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]

-\huge
-c4.-> d8---3
-\large
-c4.-> d8---3
-\normalsize
-c4.-> d8---3
-\small
-c4.-> d8---3
-\tiny
-c4.-> d8---3
-\teeny
-c4.-> d8---3
+\time 3/4
+d4---5 c8( b a g) |
+\set fontSize = -6
+e'4-- c!8-4( b a g) |
+\set fontSize = 0
+fis4---3 e8( d) fis4 |
+g2.

 @end lilypond
 
 @end lilypond
 

-Internally, this sets the @code{fontSize} property.  This in turn
-causes the @code{font-size} property to be set in all layout
-objects.  The value of @code{font-size} is a number indicating the
-size relative to the standard size for the current staff height.
-Each step up is an increase of approximately 12% of the font size.
-Six steps is exactly a factor of two.  The Scheme function
-@code{magstep} converts a @code{font-size} number to a scaling
-factor.  The @code{font-size} property can also be set directly,
-so that only certain layout objects are affected.
+The @code{fontSize} value is a number indicating the size relative
+to the standard size for the current staff height.  The default
+@code{fontSize} is 0; adding 6 to any @code{fontSize} value
+doubles the printed size of the glyphs, and subtracting 6 halves
+the size.  Each step increases the size by approximately 12%.
+
+The scheme function @code{magnification->font-size} is provided
+for convenience since the logarithmic units of the
+@code{font-size} property are not entirely intuitive.  For
+example, to adjust the musical notation to 75% of the default
+size, use:
+
+@example
+\set fontSize = #(magnification->font-size 0.75)
+@end example
+
+The scheme function @code{magstep} does the opposite: it converts
+a @code{font-size} value into a magnification factor.
+
+The @code{fontSize} property will only affect notational elements
+that are drawn with glyphs, such as noteheads, accidentals,
+scripts, etc.  It will not affect the size of the staff itself,
+nor will it scale stems, beams, or horizontal spacing.  To scale
+stems, beams, and horizontal spacing along with the notation size
+(without changing the staff size), use the @code{\magnifyMusic}
+command discussed above.  To scale everything, including the staff
+size, see @ref{Setting the staff size}.
+
+Whenever the @code{fontSize} @i{context property} is set, its
+value is added to the value of the @code{font-size} @i{grob
+property} for individual layout objects, before any glyphs are
+printed.  This can cause confusion when setting individual
+@code{font-size} properties while @code{fontSize} is already set:

 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]

-\set fontSize = #3
+% the default font-size for NoteHead is 0
+% the default font-size for Fingering is -5
+c4-3
+
+\set fontSize = -3
+% the effective font size for NoteHead is now -3
+% the effective font size for Fingering is now -8
+c4-3
+
+\override Fingering.font-size = 0
+% the effective font size for Fingering is now -3
+c4-3
+@end lilypond
+
+The following shorthand commands are also available:
+
+@multitable @columnfractions .2 .4 .4
+@item @b{Command} @tab @b{Equivalent to} @tab @b{Relative size}
+@item @code{\teeny}      @tab @code{\set fontSize = -3} @tab 71%
+@item @code{\tiny}       @tab @code{\set fontSize = -2} @tab 79%
+@item @code{\small}      @tab @code{\set fontSize = -1} @tab 89%
+@item @code{\normalsize} @tab @code{\set fontSize = 0} @tab 100%
+@item @code{\large}      @tab @code{\set fontSize = 1} @tab 112%
+@item @code{\huge}       @tab @code{\set fontSize = 2} @tab 126%
+@end multitable
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
+\teeny

 c4.-> d8---3
 c4.-> d8---3

-\override NoteHead #'font-size = #-4
+\tiny
+c4.-> d8---3
+\small

 c4.-> d8---3
 c4.-> d8---3

-\override Script #'font-size = #2
+\normalsize

 c4.-> d8---3
 c4.-> d8---3

-\override Stem #'font-size = #-5
+\large
+c4.-> d8---3
+\huge

 c4.-> d8---3
 @end lilypond
 
 c4.-> d8---3
 @end lilypond
 

+

 @cindex standard font size (notation)
 @cindex font size (notation), standard
 
 @cindex standard font size (notation)
 @cindex font size (notation), standard
 


@@ -112,15 +263,12 @@ c4.-> d8---3
 
 Font size changes are achieved by scaling the design size that is
 closest to the desired size.  The standard font size (for
 
 Font size changes are achieved by scaling the design size that is
 closest to the desired size.  The standard font size (for

-@w{@code{font-size = #0}}) depends on the standard staff height.
+@w{@code{font-size = 0}}) depends on the standard staff height.

 For a 20pt staff, a 10pt font is selected.
 
 For a 20pt staff, a 10pt font is selected.
 

-The @code{font-size} property can only be set on layout objects
-that use fonts.  These are the ones supporting the
-@code{font-interface} layout interface.
-

 
 @predefined
 
 @predefined

+@code{\magnifyMusic},

 @code{\teeny},
 @code{\tiny},
 @code{\small},
 @code{\teeny},
 @code{\tiny},
 @code{\small},


@@ -129,14 +277,45 @@ that use fonts.  These are the ones supporting the
 @code{\huge}.
 @endpredefined
 
 @code{\huge}.
 @endpredefined
 

-

 @seealso
 @seealso

+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Selecting font and font size},
+@ref{Setting the staff size},
+@ref{Formatting cue notes},
+@ref{Ossia staves}.
+
+Installed Files:
+@file{ly/music-functions-init.ly},
+@file{ly/property-init.ly}.
+

 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
 
 Internals Reference:
 @rinternals{font-interface}.
 
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
 
 Internals Reference:
 @rinternals{font-interface}.
 

+@c The two issues mentioned below:
+@c http://code.google.com/p/lilypond/issues/detail?id=3987
+@c http://code.google.com/p/lilypond/issues/detail?id=3990
+@knownissues
+There are currently two bugs that are preventing proper horizontal
+spacing when using @code{\magnifyMusic}.  There is only one
+available workaround, and it is not guaranteed to work in every
+case.  In the example below, replace the @var{mag} variable with
+your own value.  You may also try removing one or both of the
+@code{\newSpacingSection} commands, and/or the @code{\override}
+and @code{\revert} commands:
+
+@example
+\magnifyMusic @var{mag} @{
+  \newSpacingSection
+  \override Score.SpacingSpanner.spacing-increment = #(* 1.2 @var{mag})
+  @var{[music]}
+  \newSpacingSection
+  \revert Score.SpacingSpanner.spacing-increment
+@}
+@end example
+

 
 @node Fingering instructions
 @unnumberedsubsubsec Fingering instructions
 
 @node Fingering instructions
 @unnumberedsubsubsec Fingering instructions


@@ -148,16 +327,16 @@ Internals Reference:
 @funindex finger
 
 Fingering instructions can be entered using
 @funindex finger
 
 Fingering instructions can be entered using

-@var{note}-@var{digit}:
+@samp{@var{note}-@var{digit}}:

 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 c4-1 d-2 f-4 e-3
 @end lilypond
 
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 c4-1 d-2 f-4 e-3
 @end lilypond
 

-Markup texts may be used for finger changes.
+Markup texts or strings may be used for finger changes.

 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]

-c4-1 d-2 f-4 c^\markup { \finger "2 - 3" }
+c4-1 d-2 f\finger \markup \tied-lyric #"4~3" c\finger "2 - 3"

 @end lilypond
 
 @cindex thumb-script
 @end lilypond
 
 @cindex thumb-script


@@ -165,7 +344,7 @@ c4-1 d-2 f-4 c^\markup { \finger "2 - 3" }
 @funindex \thumb
 @funindex thumb
 
 @funindex \thumb
 @funindex thumb
 

-A thumb-script can be added (e.g., in cello music) to indicate
+A thumb-script can be added (e.g. cello music) to indicate

 that a note should be played with the thumb.
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 that a note should be played with the thumb.
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]


@@ -176,8 +355,8 @@ that a note should be played with the thumb.
 @cindex fingering instructions for chords
 @cindex chords, fingering
 
 @cindex fingering instructions for chords
 @cindex chords, fingering
 

-Fingerings for chords can also be added to individual notes of the
-chord by adding them after the pitches.
+Fingerings for chords can also be added to individual notes by
+adding them after the pitches.

 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 <c-1 e-2 g-3 b-5>2 <d-1 f-2 a-3 c-5>
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 <c-1 e-2 g-3 b-5>2 <d-1 f-2 a-3 c-5>


@@ -188,19 +367,18 @@ staff, see @ref{Direction and placement}.
 
 @snippets
 
 
 @snippets
 

-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]

 {controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings.ly}
 
 {controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings.ly}
 

-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]

 {allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff.ly}
 
 {allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff.ly}
 

-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]

 {avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings.ly}
 
 {avoiding-collisions-with-chord-fingerings.ly}
 

-

 @seealso
 Notation Reference:
 @seealso
 Notation Reference:

-@ref{Direction and placement}
+@ref{Direction and placement}.

 
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
 
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.


@@ -243,13 +421,14 @@ b
 c
 @end lilypond
 
 c
 @end lilypond
 

-Notation objects which are attached to invisible notes are still
-visible.
+Note heads, stems, and flags, and rests are invisible.  Beams
+are invisible if they start on a hidden note.  Objects that are
+attached to invisible notes are still visible.

 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]

-c4( d)
+e8(\p f g a)--

 \hideNotes
 \hideNotes

-e4(\p f)--
+e8(\p f g a)--

 @end lilypond
 
 
 @end lilypond
 
 


@@ -258,8 +437,15 @@ e4(\p f)--
 @code{\unHideNotes}.
 @endpredefined
 
 @code{\unHideNotes}.
 @endpredefined
 

-

 @seealso
 @seealso

+Learning Manual:
+@rlearning{Visibility and color of objects}.
+
+Notation Reference:
+@ref{Invisible rests},
+@ref{Visibility of objects},
+@ref{Hiding staves}.
+

 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
 
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
 


@@ -291,40 +477,41 @@ Individual objects may be assigned colors.  Valid color names
 are listed in the @ref{List of colors}.
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 are listed in the @ref{List of colors}.
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]

-\override NoteHead #'color = #red
+\override NoteHead.color = #red

 c4 c
 c4 c

-\override NoteHead #'color = #(x11-color 'LimeGreen)
+\override NoteHead.color = #(x11-color 'LimeGreen)

 d
 d

-\override Stem #'color = #blue
+\override Stem.color = #blue

 e
 @end lilypond
 
 
 The full range of colors defined for X11 can be accessed by using
 the Scheme function @code{x11-color}.  The function takes one
 e
 @end lilypond
 
 
 The full range of colors defined for X11 can be accessed by using
 the Scheme function @code{x11-color}.  The function takes one

-argument; this can be a symbol in the form @var{'FooBar} or a
-string in the form @var{"FooBar"}.  The first form is quicker to
-write and is more efficient.  However, using the second form it is
-possible to access X11 colors by the multi-word form of its name.
+argument; this can be a symbol in the form @code{'@var{FooBar}} or
+a string in the form @code{"@var{FooBar}"}.  The first form is
+quicker to write and is more efficient.  However, using the second
+form it is possible to access X11 colors by the multi-word form of
+its name.

 
 If @code{x11-color} cannot make sense of the parameter then the
 color returned defaults to black.
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 
 If @code{x11-color} cannot make sense of the parameter then the
 color returned defaults to black.
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]

-\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'color = #(x11-color 'SlateBlue2)
+\override Staff.StaffSymbol.color = #(x11-color 'SlateBlue2)

 \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup {
   \with-color #(x11-color 'navy) "Clarinet"
 }
 
 gis8 a
 \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup {
   \with-color #(x11-color 'navy) "Clarinet"
 }
 
 gis8 a

-\override Beam #'color = #(x11-color "medium turquoise")
+\override Beam.color = #(x11-color "medium turquoise")

 gis a
 gis a

-\override Accidental #'color = #(x11-color 'DarkRed)
+\override Accidental.color = #(x11-color 'DarkRed)

 gis a
 gis a

-\override NoteHead #'color = #(x11-color "LimeGreen")
+\override NoteHead.color = #(x11-color "LimeGreen")

 gis a
 % this is deliberate nonsense; note that the stems remain black
 gis a
 % this is deliberate nonsense; note that the stems remain black

-\override Stem #'color = #(x11-color 'Boggle)
+\override Stem.color = #(x11-color 'Boggle)

 b2 cis
 @end lilypond
 
 b2 cis
 @end lilypond
 


@@ -338,20 +525,19 @@ Exact RGB colors can be specified using the Scheme function
 @code{rgb-color}.
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 @code{rgb-color}.
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]

-\override Staff.StaffSymbol #'color = #(x11-color 'SlateBlue2)
+\override Staff.StaffSymbol.color = #(x11-color 'SlateBlue2)

 \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup {
   \with-color #(x11-color 'navy) "Clarinet"
 }
 
 \set Staff.instrumentName = \markup {
   \with-color #(x11-color 'navy) "Clarinet"
 }
 

-\override Stem #'color = #(rgb-color 0 0 0)
+\override Stem.color = #(rgb-color 0 0 0)

 gis8 a
 gis8 a

-\override Stem #'color = #(rgb-color 1 1 1)
+\override Stem.color = #(rgb-color 1 1 1)

 gis8 a
 gis8 a

-\override Stem #'color = #(rgb-color 0 0 0.5)
+\override Stem.color = #(rgb-color 0 0 0.5)

 gis4 a
 @end lilypond
 
 gis4 a
 @end lilypond
 

-

 @seealso
 Notation Reference:
 @ref{List of colors}, @ref{The
 @seealso
 Notation Reference:
 @ref{List of colors}, @ref{The


@@ -360,7 +546,6 @@ tweak command}.
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
 
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
 

-

 @cindex x11 color
 @cindex colored notes in chords
 @cindex notes, colored in chords
 @cindex x11 color
 @cindex colored notes in chords
 @cindex notes, colored in chords


@@ -373,13 +558,14 @@ An X11 color is not necessarily exactly the same shade as a
 similarly named normal color.
 
 Not all X11 colors are distinguishable in a web browser, i.e.,
 similarly named normal color.
 
 Not all X11 colors are distinguishable in a web browser, i.e.,

-a web browser might not display a difference between @code{'LimeGreen}
-and @code{'ForestGreen}.  For web use normal colors are recommended
-(i.e., @code{#blue}, @code{#green}, @code{#red}).
-
+a web browser might not display a difference between @code{LimeGreen}
+and @code{ForestGreen}.  For web use normal colors are recommended
+(i.e., @code{blue}, @code{green}, @code{red}).

 
 

-Notes in a chord cannot be colored with @code{\override}; use
-@code{\tweak} instead, see @ref{The tweak command}.
+Notes in a chord cannot be separately colored with
+@code{\override}; use @code{\tweak} or the equivalent
+@code{\single\override} before the respective note instead, see
+@ref{The tweak command}.

 
 
 @node Parentheses
 
 
 @node Parentheses


@@ -389,6 +575,7 @@ Notes in a chord cannot be colored with @code{\override}; use
 @cindex notes, ghost
 @cindex notes, parenthesized
 @cindex parentheses
 @cindex notes, ghost
 @cindex notes, parenthesized
 @cindex parentheses

+@cindex brackets

 
 @funindex \parenthesize
 @funindex parenthesize
 
 @funindex \parenthesize
 @funindex parenthesize


@@ -403,7 +590,7 @@ c2 \parenthesize <c e g>
 c2 <c \parenthesize e g>
 @end lilypond
 
 c2 <c \parenthesize e g>
 @end lilypond
 

-Non-note objects may be parenthesized as well. For articulations, 
+Non-note objects may be parenthesized as well.  For articulations,

 a hyphen is needed before the @code{\parenthesize} command.
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 a hyphen is needed before the @code{\parenthesize} command.
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]


@@ -411,7 +598,6 @@ c2-\parenthesize -. d
 c2 \parenthesize r
 @end lilypond
 
 c2 \parenthesize r
 @end lilypond
 

-

 @seealso
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
 @seealso
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.


@@ -421,9 +607,7 @@ Internals Reference:
 @rinternals{ParenthesesItem},
 @rinternals{parentheses-interface}.
 
 @rinternals{ParenthesesItem},
 @rinternals{parentheses-interface}.
 

-

 @knownissues
 @knownissues

-

 Parenthesizing a chord prints parentheses around each individual
 note, instead of a single large parenthesis around the entire
 chord.
 Parenthesizing a chord prints parentheses around each individual
 note, instead of a single large parenthesis around the entire
 chord.


@@ -464,9 +648,11 @@ Stems may be manually placed to point up or down; see
 
 @snippets
 
 
 @snippets
 

-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]

 {default-direction-of-stems-on-the-center-line-of-the-staff.ly}
 
 {default-direction-of-stems-on-the-center-line-of-the-staff.ly}
 

+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+{automatically-changing-the-stem-direction-of-the-middle-note-based-on-the-melody.ly}

 
 @seealso
 Notation Reference:
 
 @seealso
 Notation Reference:


@@ -533,13 +719,11 @@ There are two music functions, @code{balloonGrobText} and
 latter is used like @code{\tweak}, typically within chords, to
 attach text to an individual note.
 
 latter is used like @code{\tweak}, typically within chords, to
 attach text to an individual note.
 

-Balloon text normally influences note spacing, but this can be
-altered:
+Balloon text does not influence note spacing, but this can be altered:

 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 \new Voice \with { \consists "Balloon_engraver" }
 {
 
 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
 \new Voice \with { \consists "Balloon_engraver" }
 {

-  \balloonLengthOff

   \balloonGrobText #'Stem #'(3 . 4) \markup { "I'm a Stem" }
   a8
   \balloonGrobText #'Rest #'(-4 . -4) \markup { "I'm a rest" }
   \balloonGrobText #'Stem #'(3 . 4) \markup { "I'm a Stem" }
   a8
   \balloonGrobText #'Rest #'(-4 . -4) \markup { "I'm a rest" }


@@ -549,13 +733,11 @@ altered:
 }
 @end lilypond
 
 }
 @end lilypond
 

-

 @predefined
 @code{\balloonLengthOn},
 @code{\balloonLengthOff}.
 @endpredefined
 
 @predefined
 @code{\balloonLengthOn},
 @code{\balloonLengthOff}.
 @endpredefined
 

-

 @seealso
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
 @seealso
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.


@@ -594,7 +776,7 @@ lines.
   \context {
     \Staff
     \consists "Grid_point_engraver"
   \context {
     \Staff
     \consists "Grid_point_engraver"

-    gridInterval = #(ly:make-moment 1 4)
+    gridInterval = #(ly:make-moment 1/4)

   }
   \context {
     \Score
   }
   \context {
     \Score


@@ -619,10 +801,9 @@ lines.
 
 @snippets
 
 
 @snippets
 

-@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
+@lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]

 {grid-lines--changing-their-appearance.ly}
 
 {grid-lines--changing-their-appearance.ly}
 

-

 @seealso
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
 @seealso
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.


@@ -687,7 +868,6 @@ Analysis brackets may be nested.
 }
 @end lilypond
 
 }
 @end lilypond
 

-

 @seealso
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.
 @seealso
 Snippets:
 @rlsr{Editorial annotations}.


@@ -697,4 +877,3 @@ Internals Reference:
 @rinternals{HorizontalBracket},
 @rinternals{horizontal-bracket-interface},
 @rinternals{Staff}.
 @rinternals{HorizontalBracket},
 @rinternals{horizontal-bracket-interface},
 @rinternals{Staff}.

-