2 This file is part of LilyPond, the GNU music typesetter.
4 Copyright (C) 1999--2015 Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@xs4all.nl>
6 LilyPond is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
9 (at your option) any later version.
11 LilyPond is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 GNU General Public License for more details.
16 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 along with LilyPond. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
23 #include "lily-guile.hh"
28 Smobs are GUILEs mechanism of exporting C(++) objects to the Scheme
29 world. They are documented in the GUILE manual.
32 In LilyPond, C++ objects can be placed under the control of GUILE's
33 type system and garbage collection mechanism by inheriting from one
34 of several Smob base classes.
36 There are two types of smob objects.
38 1. Simple smobs are intended for simple objects like numbers:
39 immutable objects that can be copied without change of meaning.
41 To obtain an SCM version of a simple smob, use the member function
44 Simple smobs are created by deriving from Simple_smob<Classname>.
46 A simple smob is only optionally under the reign of the GUILE
47 garbage collector: its usual life time is that of a normal C++
48 object. While a smobbed_copy () is fully under control of the
49 garbage collector and will have its mark_smob function called during
50 garbage collection, an automatic variable of this type will not have
51 mark_smob called, but rather have its memory image in the call stack
52 scanned for contained non-immediate SCM values. Anything requiring
53 more complex mark_smob behavior is not suitable for a simple smob.
55 When you create a smobbed_copy, the _copy_ is fully managed by the
56 GUILE memory system. As a corollary, multiple smobbed_copy calls
57 yield multiple GUILE objects generally not eq? to each other.
59 2. Complex smobs are objects that have an identity. These objects
60 carry this identity in the form of a self_scm () method, which is a
61 SCM pointer to the object itself. Complex smobs are always under
62 control of the GUILE memory system.
64 The constructor for a complex smob should have 3 steps:
66 * initialize all SCM members to an immediate value (like SCM_EOL)
68 * call smobify_self ()
70 * initialize SCM members
74 Complex_smob::Complex_smob : public Smob<Complex_smob> () {
75 scm_member_ = SCM_EOL;
77 scm_member_ = <..what you want to store..>
80 after construction, the self_scm () field of a complex smob is
81 protected from Garbage Collection. This protection should be
82 removed once the object is put into another (reachable) Scheme data
85 Complex_smob *p = new Complex_smob;
86 list = scm_cons (p->self_scm (), list);
89 Since unprotect returns the SCM object itself, this particular case
92 Complex_smob *p = new Complex_smob;
93 list = scm_cons (p->unprotect (), list);
95 Complex smobs are created by deriving from Smob<Classname>.
99 Common public methods to C++ smob objects:
101 - unsmob (SCM x) - unpacks X and returns pointer to the C++ object,
102 or 0 if it has the wrong type. This can be used as a boolean
103 condition at C++ level.
104 - smob_p (SCM x) returns #t or #f at Scheme level.
108 For implementating a class, the following public members can be
109 provided in the top class itself:
111 - SCM equal_p (SCM a, SCM b) - compare A and B. Returns a Scheme
112 boolean. If the class does not define this function, equal? will
113 be equivalent to eq?. The function will only be called when both
114 objects are of the respective type and not eq? to each other.
116 - mark_smob () function, that calls scm_gc_mark () on all Scheme
117 objects in the class. If the class does not define this function,
118 it must not contain non-immediate Scheme values.
120 - a print_smob () function, that displays a representation for
121 debugging purposes. If the class does not define this function,
122 the output will be #<Classname> when printing.
124 - a static const type_p_name_[] string set to something like
125 "ly:grob?". When provided, an accordingly named function for
126 checking for the given smob type will be available in Scheme.
130 // Initialization class. Create a variable or static data member of
131 // this type at global scope (or creation will happen too late for
132 // Scheme initialization), initialising with a function to be called.
133 // Reference somewhere (like in the constructor of the containing
134 // class) to make sure the variable is actually instantiated.
137 static const Scm_init * list_;
138 void (*const fun_)(void);
139 Scm_init const * const next_;
140 Scm_init (); // don't use default constructor, don't define
141 Scm_init (const Scm_init &); // don't define copy constructor
143 Scm_init (void (*fun) (void)) : fun_ (fun), next_ (list_)
148 template <class Super>
151 static scm_t_bits smob_tag_;
152 static Scm_init scm_init_;
153 static void init (void);
154 static string smob_name_;
155 static Super *unchecked_unsmob (SCM s)
157 return reinterpret_cast<Super *> (SCM_SMOB_DATA (s));
160 // reference scm_init_ in smob_tag which is sure to be called. The
161 // constructor, in contrast, may not be called at all in classes
163 static scm_t_bits smob_tag () { (void) scm_init_; return smob_tag_; }
165 static SCM register_ptr (Super *p);
166 static Super *unregister_ptr (SCM obj);
168 // Those fallbacks are _only_ for internal use by Smob_base. They
169 // are characterized by no knowledge about the implemented type
170 // apart from the type's name. Overriding them as a template
171 // specialization is _not_ intended since a type-dependent
172 // implementation will in general need access to possibly private
173 // parts of the Super class. So any class-dependent override should
174 // be done by redefining the respective function in the Super class
175 // (where it will mask the private template member) rather than
176 // specializing a different template function/pointer.
178 // Most default functions are do-nothings. void init() will
179 // recognize their address when not overriden and will then refrain
180 // altogether from passing the the respective callbacks to GUILE.
181 SCM mark_smob (void);
182 static SCM mark_trampoline (SCM); // Used for calling mark_smob
183 static size_t free_smob (SCM obj);
184 static SCM equal_p (SCM, SCM);
185 int print_smob (SCM, scm_print_state *);
186 static int print_trampoline (SCM, SCM, scm_print_state *);
188 // type_p_name_ can be overriden in the Super class with a static
189 // const char [] string. This requires both a declaration in the
190 // class as well as a single instantiation outside. Using a
191 // template specialization for supplying a different string name
192 // right in Smob_base<Super> itself seems tempting, but the C++
193 // rules would then require a specialization declaration at the
194 // class definition site as well as a specialization instantiation
195 // in a single compilation unit. That requires just as much source
196 // code maintenance while being harder to understand and quite
197 // trickier in its failure symptoms when things go wrong. So we
198 // just use a static zero as "not here" indication.
199 static const int type_p_name_ = 0;
201 // LY_DECLARE_SMOB_PROC is used in the Super class definition for
202 // making a smob callable like a function. Declaration has to be
203 // public. It may be either be completed with a semicolon in which
204 // case a definition of the member function smob_proc has to be done
205 // outside of the class body, or the semicolon is left off and an
206 // inline function body is added immediately below. It would be
207 // nice if this were a non-static member function but it would seem
208 // tricky to do the required trampolining for unsmobbing the first
209 // argument of the callback and using it as a this pointer.
210 #define LY_DECLARE_SMOB_PROC(REQ, OPT, VAR, ARGLIST) \
211 static const int smob_proc_signature_ = ((REQ)<<8)|((OPT)<<4)|(VAR); \
212 static SCM smob_proc ARGLIST
214 // a separate LY_DEFINE_SMOB_PROC seems sort of pointless as it
215 // would just result in SCM CLASS::smob_proc ARGLIST
217 // The default case without function functionality is recognized by
218 // smob_proc_signature being -1.
219 static const int smob_proc = 0;
220 static const int smob_proc_signature_ = -1;
223 static bool is_smob (SCM s)
225 return SCM_SMOB_PREDICATE (smob_tag (), s);
227 static SCM smob_p (SCM s)
229 return is_smob (s) ? SCM_BOOL_T : SCM_BOOL_F;
231 static Super *unsmob (SCM s)
233 return is_smob (s) ? Super::unchecked_unsmob (s) : 0;
238 template <class Super>
239 class Simple_smob : public Smob_base<Super> {
241 static size_t free_smob (SCM obj)
243 delete Smob_base<Super>::unregister_ptr (obj);
246 SCM smobbed_copy () const
248 Super *p = new Super(*static_cast<const Super *> (this));
249 return Smob_base<Super>::register_ptr (p);
253 void protect_smob (SCM smob, SCM *prot_cons);
254 void unprotect_smob (SCM smob, SCM *prot_cons);
256 template <class Super>
257 class Smob : public Smob_base<Super> {
260 SCM protection_cons_;
261 Smob (const Smob<Super> &); // Do not define! Not copyable!
263 Smob () : self_scm_ (SCM_UNDEFINED), protection_cons_ (SCM_EOL) { };
265 static size_t free_smob (SCM obj)
267 delete Smob_base<Super>::unregister_ptr (obj);
270 SCM unprotected_smobify_self ()
272 SCM s = Smob_base<Super>::register_ptr (static_cast<Super *> (this));
278 protect_smob (self_scm_, &protection_cons_);
280 void smobify_self () {
281 protect_smob (unprotected_smobify_self (), &protection_cons_);
286 unprotect_smob (s, &protection_cons_);
289 SCM self_scm () const { return self_scm_; }
292 extern bool parsed_objects_should_be_dead;
295 static vector<parsed_dead *> elements;
300 data = SCM_UNDEFINED;
304 parsed_dead () : data (SCM_UNDEFINED)
306 elements.push_back (this);
308 void checkin (SCM arg) { data = arg; }
309 static SCM readout ();
312 // This does not appear to work with GUILEv2's garbage collector:
313 // Objects are found in the GC phase but printing them will crash at
314 // least some, so they are apparently not protected in spite of being
315 // included in the GC scans. So it would appear that scanning smobs
316 // is not equivalent to marking them. Ugh.
317 #if !defined(NDEBUG) && !GUILEV2
318 #define ASSERT_LIVE_IS_ALLOWED(arg) \
320 static parsed_dead pass_here; \
321 if (parsed_objects_should_be_dead) \
322 pass_here.checkin (arg); \
325 #define ASSERT_LIVE_IS_ALLOWED(arg) do { (void)(arg); } \
330 #endif /* SMOBS_HH */