1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
3 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
5 When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the
6 version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details.
11 @node Wind instruments
12 @section Wind instruments
14 @lilypondfile[quote]{wind-headword.ly}
16 This section includes some elements of music notation that arise when
20 * Common notation for wind instruments::
24 @node Common notation for wind instruments
25 @subsection Common notation for wind instruments
27 This section discusses some issues common to most wind instruments.
30 * References for wind instruments::
34 @node References for wind instruments
35 @unnumberedsubsubsec References for wind instruments
37 @cindex wind instruments
39 Many notation issues for wind instruments pertain to breathing and
43 @item Breathing can be specified by rests or @ref{Breath marks}.
44 @item Legato playing is indicated by @ref{Slurs}.
45 @item Different types of tonguings, ranging from legato to non-legato to
46 stacatto are usually shown by articulation marks, sometimes combined
47 with slurs, see @ref{Articulations and ornamentations} and @ref{List of
49 @item Flutter tonguing is usually indicated by placing a tremolo mark
50 and a text markup on the note. See @ref{Tremolo repeats}.
53 There are also other aspects of musical notation that can apply to wind
57 @item Many wind instruments are transposing intruments, see
58 @ref{Instrument transpositions}.
59 @item The slide glissando are characteristic of the trombone, but other
60 winds may perform keyed or valved glissandi. See @ref{Glissando}.
61 @item Harmonic series glissandi, which are possible on all brass
62 instruments but common for French Horns, are usually written out as
64 @item Pitch inflections at the end of a note are discussed in @ref{Falls
66 @item Key slaps or valve slaps are often shown by the @code{cross} style
67 of @ref{Special note heads}.
68 @item Woodwinds can overblow low notes to sound harmonics. These are
69 shown by the @code{flageolet} articulation. See @ref{List of articulations}.
70 @item The use of brass mutes is usually indicated by a text markup, but
71 where there are many rapid changes it is better to use the
72 @code{stopped} and @code{open} articulations. See @ref{Articulations and
73 ornamentations} and @ref{List of articulations}.
74 @item Stopped horns are indicated by the @code{stopped} articulation.
75 See @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}.
80 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
81 {changing--flageolet-mark-size.ly}
88 @ref{Articulations and ornamentations},
89 @ref{List of articulations},
90 @ref{Tremolo repeats},
91 @ref{Instrument transpositions},
94 @ref{Falls and doits},
95 @ref{Special note heads},
102 @unnumberedsubsubsec Fingerings
103 @c TODO add link to LSR snippet by Libero Mureddo once he has added
104 @c it (after August 15th).
105 All wind instruments other than the trombone require the use of several
106 fingers to produce each pitch.
113 This section includes extra information for writing for bagpipes.
116 * Bagpipe definitions::
120 @node Bagpipe definitions
121 @unnumberedsubsubsec Bagpipe definitions
124 @cindex Scottish highland bagpipe
128 @funindex \hideKeySignature
129 @funindex hideKeySignature
130 @funindex \showKeySignature
131 @funindex showKeySignature
133 LilyPond contains special definitions for music for the Scottish
134 highland bagpipe; to use them, add
137 \include "bagpipe.ly"
141 at the top of your input file. This lets you add the special grace notes
142 common to bagpipe music with short commands. For example, you could
143 write @code{\taor} instead of
146 \grace @{ \small G32[ d G e] @}
149 @code{bagpipe.ly} also contains pitch definitions for the bagpipe
150 notes in the appropriate octaves, so you do not need to worry about
151 @code{\relative} or @code{\transpose}.
153 @lilypond[ragged-right,verbatim,quote,notime]
154 \include "bagpipe.ly"
155 { \grg G4 \grg a \grg b \grg c \grg d \grg e \grg f \grA g A }
158 Bagpipe music nominally uses the key of D Major (even though that
159 isn't really true). However, since that is the only key that can be used,
160 the key signature is normally not written out. To set this up correctly,
161 always start your music with @code{\hideKeySignature}. If you for some
162 reason want to show the key signature, you can use @code{\showKeySignature}
165 Some modern music use cross fingering on c and f to flatten those notes.
166 This can be indicated by @code{cflat} or @code{fflat}. Similarly, the
167 piobaireachd high g can be written @code{gflat} when it occurs in light
173 @node Bagpipe example
174 @unnumberedsubsubsec Bagpipe example
176 @cindex bagpipe example
177 @cindex Amazing Grace bagpipe example
179 This is what the well known tune Amazing Grace looks like in bagpipe
182 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
183 \include "bagpipe.ly"
186 \context { \Score \remove "Bar_number_engraver" }
190 title = "Amazing Grace"
192 arranger = "Trad. arr."
198 \grg \partial 4 a8. d16
199 \slurd d2 \grg f8[ e32 d16.]
203 \slurd d2 \grg f8[ e32 d16.]
207 \grg A2 \hdblf f8[ e32 d16.]
211 \slurd d2 \grg f8[ e32 d16.]