1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
3 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
5 When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the
6 version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details.
14 @c TODO: inspirational headword
16 This section explains how to typeset vocal music, and make sure
17 that the lyrics will be aligned with the notes of their melody.
21 * Aligning lyrics to a melody::
22 * Specific uses of lyrics::
27 @subsection Entering lyrics
29 @c TODO add one sentence here. -vv
33 * Setting simple songs::
34 * Working with lyrics and variables::
35 * References for vocal music::
39 @node Lyrics explained
40 @subsubsection Lyrics explained
45 @cindex spaces, in lyrics
46 @cindex quotes, in lyrics
48 @c FIXME: this section is to be rewritten.
49 Since LilyPond input files are text, there is at least one
50 issue to consider when working with vocal music:
51 song texts must be interpreted as text, not notes. For example, the
52 input@tie{}@code{d} should be interpreted as a one letter syllable,
54 Therefore, a special lyric mode has to be used, either explicitely
55 or using some abbreviated methods.
57 Lyrics are entered in a special input mode, which can be introduced
58 by the keyword @code{\lyricmode}, or by using @code{\addlyrics} or
59 @code{\lyricsto}. In this mode you can enter lyrics,
60 with punctuation and accents, and the input @code{d} is not parsed as
61 a pitch, but rather as a one letter syllable. Syllables are entered
62 like notes, but with pitches replaced by text. For example,
65 \lyricmode @{ Twin-4 kle4 twin- kle litt- le star2 @}
68 There are two main methods to specify the horizontal placement
69 of the syllables, either by specifying the duration of each syllable
70 explicitly, like in the example above, or by automatically aligning
71 the lyrics to a melody or other voice of music, using @code{\addlyrics}
74 @c For more details see @ref{The Lyrics context}.
76 A word or syllable of lyrics begins with an alphabetic character, and ends
78 any space or digit. The following characters can be any character
79 that is not a digit or white space.
81 Any character that is not a digit or white space will be regarded as
82 part of the syllable; one important consequence of this is that a word
83 can end with @code{@}}, which often leads to the following mistake:
86 \lyricmode @{ lah- lah@}
89 In this example, the @code{@}} is included in the final syllable, so the
90 opening brace is not balanced and the input file will probably not
94 @funindex \property in \lyricmode
97 Similarly, a period which follows an alphabetic sequence is included in
98 the resulting string. As a consequence, spaces must be inserted around
99 property commands: do @emph{not} write
102 \override Score.LyricText #'font-shape = #'italic
109 \override Score . LyricText #'font-shape = #'italic
113 @cindex spaces, in lyrics
114 @cindex quotes, in lyrics
115 @cindex ties, in lyrics
117 In order to assign more than one syllable to a single note, you can
118 surround them with quotes or use a @code{_} character, to get spaces
119 between syllables, or use tilde symbol (@code{~}) to get a lyric tie.
121 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
123 \relative c' { c2 e4 g2 e4 }
124 \addlyrics { gran- de_a- mi- go }
125 \addlyrics { pu- "ro y ho-" nes- to }
126 \addlyrics { pu- ro~y~ho- nes- to }
129 The lyric tie is implemented with the Unicode character U+203F, so be
130 sure to have a font (Like DejaVuLGC) installed that includes this
134 To enter lyrics with characters from non-English languages, or with
135 accented and special characters (such as the heart symbol or slanted quotes),
136 simply insert the characters directly into the input file and save
137 it with UTF-8 encoding. See @ref{Text encoding}, for more info.
139 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
140 \relative c' { e4 f e d e f e2 }
141 \addlyrics { He said: “Let my peo ple go”. }
144 To use normal quotes in lyrics, add a backslash before the
147 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
148 \relative c' { \time 3/4 e4 e4. e8 d4 e d c2. }
149 \addlyrics { "\"I" am so lone- "ly\"" said she }
152 The full definition of a word start in Lyrics mode is somewhat more
155 A word in Lyrics mode begins with: an alphabetic character, @code{_},
156 @code{?}, @code{!}, @code{:}, @code{'}, the control characters @code{^A}
157 through @code{^F}, @code{^Q} through @code{^W}, @code{^Y}, @code{^^},
158 any 8-bit character with ASCII code over 127, or a two-character
159 combination of a backslash followed by one of @code{`}, @code{'},
160 @code{"}, or @code{^}.
162 @c " to balance double quotes for not-so-bright context-sensitive editors
164 To define variables containing lyrics, the function @code{lyricmode}
168 verseOne = \lyricmode @{ Joy to the world the Lord is come @}
171 \new Voice = "one" \relative c'' @{
174 c4 b8. a16 g4. f8 e4 d c2
176 \addlyrics @{ \verseOne @}
185 @rinternals{LyricText},
186 @rinternals{LyricSpace}.
189 @node Setting simple songs
190 @subsubsection Setting simple songs
194 The easiest way to add lyrics to a melody is to append
197 \addlyrics @{ @var{the lyrics} @}
201 to a melody. Here is an example,
203 @lilypond[ragged-right,verbatim,fragment,quote]
205 \relative c' { c2 e4 g2. }
206 \addlyrics { play the game }
209 More stanzas can be added by adding more
210 @code{\addlyrics} sections
212 @lilypond[ragged-right,verbatim,fragment,quote]
214 \relative c' { c2 e4 g2. }
215 \addlyrics { play the game }
216 \addlyrics { speel het spel }
217 \addlyrics { joue le jeu }
220 The command @code{\addlyrics} cannot handle polyphony settings. For these
221 cases you should use @code{\lyricsto} and @code{\lyricmode}, as will be
222 introduced in @ref{Lyrics explained}.
224 @c TODO: one additional section may be needed here,
225 @c such as "advanced lyric syntax" or whatever -vv
227 @node Working with lyrics and variables
228 @subsubsection Working with lyrics and variables
230 @cindex lyrics, variables
232 To define variables containing lyrics, the function @code{\lyricmode}
233 must be used. You do not have to enter durations though, if you add
234 @code{\addlyrics} or @code{\lyricsto}
235 when invoking your variable.
238 verseOne = \lyricmode @{ Joy to the world the Lord is come @}
241 \new Voice = "one" \relative c'' @{
244 c4 b8. a16 g4. f8 e4 d c2
246 \addlyrics @{ \verseOne @}
251 For different or more complex orderings, the best way is to setup the
252 hierarchy of staves and lyrics first, e.g.,
255 \new Voice = "soprano" @{ @emph{music} @}
256 \new Lyrics = "sopranoLyrics" @{ s1 @}
257 \new Lyrics = "tenorLyrics" @{ s1 @}
258 \new Voice = "tenor" @{ @emph{music} @}
262 and then combine the appropriate melodies and lyric lines
265 \context Lyrics = sopranoLyrics \lyricsto "soprano"
271 The final input would resemble
274 <<\new ChoirStaff << @emph{setup the music} >>
275 \lyricsto "soprano" @emph{etc}
276 \lyricsto "alto" @emph{etc}
283 http://code.google.com/p/lilypond/issues/detail?id=329
284 The problem cannot be reproduced.
285 The following has no sense, because the issue seems to be fixed.
286 A comment is in tracker waiting for response ---FV
289 Be careful when defining a variable with lyrics that creates a new
290 context, for example, using the deprecated @code{\lyrics} command. See
291 the next erroneous example:
294 words = \lyrics{ %warning: this creates a new context
298 \new Voice = "sop" { c1 }
299 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "sop" { \words }
300 \new Voice = "alt" { c2 c }
301 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "alt" { \words }
305 the problem is that \lyricsto will try to connect the "sop" melody with the context
306 created by "\new Lyrics".
308 Then \lyrics in \words creates another context, and the original "\new Lyrics" one
315 @c TODO: document \new Staff << Voice \lyricsto >> bug
317 @rinternals{LyricCombineMusic},
321 @node References for vocal music
322 @subsubsection References for vocal music
327 @c Nope -- this section is to be removed.
328 @c With a vengeance :-) -vv
330 @q{Parlato} is spoken without pitch but still with rhythm; it is
331 notated by cross note heads. This is demonstrated in
332 @ref{Special note heads}.
335 @node Aligning lyrics to a melody
336 @subsection Aligning lyrics to a melody
342 @c FIXME: this stuff is to be rewritten. -vv
344 Aligning of text with melodies can be made automatically, but if you
345 specify the durations of the syllables it can also be made manually.
346 Lyrics aligning and typesetting are prepared with the help of skips,
347 hyphens and extender lines.
349 Lyrics are printed by interpreting them in the context called
353 \new Lyrics \lyricmode @dots{}
356 There are two main methods to specify the horizontal placement
361 by automatically aligning
362 the lyrics to a melody or other voice of music, using @code{\addlyrics}
366 or by specifying the duration of each syllable
367 explicitly, using @code{\lyricmode}
371 * Automatic syllable durations::
372 * Manual syllable durations::
373 * Multiple syllables to one note::
374 * Multiple notes to one syllable::
376 * Extenders and hyphens::
377 * Lyrics and repeats::
380 @node Automatic syllable durations
381 @subsubsection Automatic syllable durations
383 @cindex automatic syllable durations
384 @cindex lyrics and melodies
386 The lyrics can be aligned under a given melody
387 automatically. This is achieved by combining the
388 melody and the lyrics with the @code{\lyricsto} expression
391 \new Lyrics \lyricsto @var{name} @dots{}
394 This aligns the lyrics to the
395 notes of the @rinternals{Voice} context called @var{name}, which must
396 already exist. Therefore normally the @code{Voice} is specified first, and
397 then the lyrics are specified with @code{\lyricsto}. The command
398 @code{\lyricsto} switches to @code{\lyricmode} mode automatically, so the
399 @code{\lyricmode} keyword may be omitted.
401 The following example uses different commands for entering lyrics.
403 @lilypond[quote,fragment,ragged-right,verbatim]
405 \new Voice = "one" \relative c'' {
408 c4 b8. a16 g4. f8 e4 d c2
411 % not recommended: left aligns syllables
412 \new Lyrics \lyricmode { Joy4 to8. the16 world!4. the8 Lord4 is come.2 }
414 % wrong: durations needed
415 \new Lyrics \lyricmode { Joy to the earth! the Sa -- viour reigns. }
418 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "one" { No more let sins and sor -- rows grow. }
422 The second stanza is not properly aligned because the durations
423 were not specified. A solution for that would be to use @code{\lyricsto}.
425 The @code{\addlyrics} command is actually just a convenient way
426 to write a more complicated LilyPond structure that sets up the
431 \addlyrics @{ LYRICS @}
438 \new Voice = "blah" @{ music @}
439 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "blah" @{ LYRICS @}
442 @node Manual syllable durations
443 @subsubsection Manual syllable durations
445 Lyrics can also be entered without @code{\addlyrics} or
446 @code{\lyricsto}. In this case,
447 syllables are entered like notes -- but with pitches replaced by text -- and the
448 duration of each syllable must be entered explicitly. For example:
455 The alignment to a melody can be specified with the
456 @code{associatedVoice} property,
459 \set associatedVoice = #"lala"
463 The value of the property (here: @code{"lala"}) should be the name of
464 a @rinternals{Voice} context. Without this setting, extender lines
465 will not be formatted properly.
467 Here is an example demonstrating manual lyric durations,
469 @lilypond[relative=1,ragged-right,verbatim,fragment,quote]
470 << \new Voice = "melody" {
474 \new Lyrics \lyricmode {
475 \set associatedVoice = #"melody"
486 @node Multiple syllables to one note
487 @subsubsection Multiple syllables to one note
491 @cindex ties, in lyrics
493 In order to assign more than one syllable to a single note, you can
494 surround them with quotes or use a @code{_} character, to get spaces
495 between syllables, or use tilde symbol (@code{~}) to get a lyric
496 tie@footnote{The lyric ties is implemented with the Unicode character
498 sure to have a font (Like DejaVuLGC) installed that includes this
501 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
503 \relative c' { c2 e4 g2 e4 }
504 \addlyrics { gran- de_a- mi- go }
505 \addlyrics { pu- "ro y ho-" nes- to }
506 \addlyrics { pu- ro~y~ho- nes- to }
512 @rinternals{LyricCombineMusic}.
514 @c Here come the section which used to be "Melismata"
515 @c the new title might be more self-explanatory
518 @node Multiple notes to one syllable
519 @subsubsection Multiple notes to one syllable
523 @cindex phrasing, in lyrics
525 Sometimes, particularly in Medieval music, several notes are to be sung on one
526 single syllable; such vocalises are called melismas, or melismata.
528 @c this method seems to be the simplest; therefore
529 @c it might be better to present it first - vv
531 You can define melismata entirely in the lyrics, by entering @code{_}
532 for every extra note that has to be added to the the melisma.
534 @c FIXME: clarify: __ is used to crate a lyric extender,
535 @c _ is used to add a note to a melisma, so both __ and _ are needed.
538 @c duplicated: TODO fix
539 Additionaly, you can make an extender line to be typeset to indicate
540 the melisma in the score, writing a double underscore next to the
541 first syllable of the melisma. This example shows the three elements
542 that are used for this purpose (all of them surrounded by spaces):
543 double hyphens to separate syllables in a word, underscores to add
544 notes to a melisma, and a double underscore to put an extender line.
546 @c wrong: extender line only on last syllable of a word. Change example
547 @lilypond[relative=1,verbatim,fragment,quote]
548 { \set melismaBusyProperties = #'()
549 c d( e) f f( e) e e }
551 { Ky -- _ _ ri __ _ _ _ e }
554 In this case, you can also have ties and slurs in the melody if you
555 set @code{melismaBusyProperties}, as is done in the example above.
557 However, the @code{\lyricsto} command can also
558 detect melismata automatically: it only puts one
559 syllable under a tied or slurred group of notes. If you want to force
560 an unslurred group of notes to be a melisma, insert @code{\melisma}
561 after the first note of the group, and @code{\melismaEnd} after the
564 @lilypond[quote,relative=2,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
566 \new Voice = "lala" {
574 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "lala" {
580 In addition, notes are considered a melisma if they are manually
581 beamed, and automatic beaming (see @ref{Setting automatic beam
582 behavior}) is switched off.
584 @c FIXME: this now links to LM -vv
589 A complete example of a SATB score setup is in section
590 @rlearning{Vocal ensembles}.
595 @code{\melisma}, @code{\melismaEnd}
596 @funindex \melismaEnd
601 @c @lsr{vocal,lyric@/-combine.ly}.
605 Melismata are not detected automatically, and extender lines must be
609 @subsubsection Skipping notes
611 Making a lyric line run slower than the melody can be achieved by
612 inserting @code{\skip}s into the lyrics. For every @code{\skip},
613 the text will be delayed another note. The @code{\skip} command
614 must be followed by a valid duration, but this is ignored when
615 @code{\skip} is used in lyrics.
619 @lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
620 \relative c' { c c g' }
628 @node Extenders and hyphens
629 @subsubsection Extenders and hyphens
634 @c leave this as samp. -gp
635 In the last syllable of a word, melismata are sometimes indicated with
636 a long horizontal line starting in the melisma syllable, and ending in
637 the next one. Such a line is called an extender line, and it is
638 entered as @samp{ __ } (note the spaces before and after the two
639 underscore characters).
641 @warning{Melismata are indicated in the score with extender lines,
642 which are entered as one double underscore; but short melismata can
643 also be entered by skipping individual notes, which are entered as
644 single underscore characters; these do not make an extender line to be
649 @c leave this as samp. -gp
650 Centered hyphens are entered as @samp{ -- } between syllables of a same word
651 (note the spaces before and after the two hyphen characters). The hyphen
652 will be centered between the syllables, and its length will be adjusted
653 depending on the space between the syllables.
655 In tightly engraved music, hyphens can be removed. Whether this
656 happens can be controlled with the @code{minimum-distance} (minimum
657 distance between two syllables) and the @code{minimum-length}
658 (threshold below which hyphens are removed).
663 @rinternals{LyricExtender},
664 @rinternals{LyricHyphen}
666 @node Lyrics and repeats
667 @subsubsection Lyrics and repeats
669 @c TODO New section. Add text
673 @node Specific uses of lyrics
674 @subsection Specific uses of lyrics
676 @c FIXME This whole section is to be reorganized. -vv
678 Often, different stanzas of one song are put to one melody in slightly
679 differing ways. Such variations can still be captured with
684 * Lyrics independent of notes::
686 * Spacing out syllables::
687 * Centering lyrics between staves::
693 @subsubsection Divisi lyrics
695 You can display alternate (or divisi) lyrics by naming voice
696 contexts and attaching lyrics to those specific contexts.
698 @lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
700 \new Voice = "melody" {
705 \new Voice = "splitpart" { \voiceTwo c4 }
710 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "melody" { we shall not o- ver- come }
711 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "splitpart" { will }
716 You can use this trick to display different lyrics for a repeated
719 @lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
721 \new Voice = "melody" \relative c' {
723 \new Voice = "verse" \repeat volta 2 {c4 d e f | g1 | }
725 \new Lyrics = "mainlyrics" \lyricsto melody \lyricmode {
728 \context Lyrics = "mainlyrics" \lyricsto verse \lyricmode {
730 \new Lyrics = "repeatlyrics" \lyricsto verse \lyricmode {
731 dodo rere mimi fafa solsol }
738 @node Lyrics independent of notes
739 @subsubsection Lyrics independent of notes
741 @cindex Devnull context
743 In some complex vocal music, it may be desirable to place
744 lyrics completely independently of notes. Music defined
745 inside @code{lyricrhythm} disappears into the
746 @code{Devnull} context, but the rhythms can still be used
749 @lilypond[quote,verbatim,ragged-right]
752 \tag #'music { c''2 }
753 \tag #'lyricrhythm { c''4. c''8 }
757 lyr = \lyricmode { I like my cat! }
760 \new Staff \keepWithTag #'music \voice
761 \new Devnull="nowhere" \keepWithTag #'lyricrhythm \voice
762 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "nowhere" \lyr
763 \new Staff { c'8 c' c' c' c' c' c' c'
764 c' c' c' c' c' c' c' c' }
768 This method is recommended only if the music in the @code{Devnull}
769 context does not contain melismata. Melismata are defined by the
770 @code{Voice} context. Connecting lyrics to a @code{Devnull} context
771 makes the voice/lyrics links to get lost, and so does the info on
772 melismata. Therefore, if you link lyrics to a @code{Devnull} context,
773 the implicit melismata get ignored.
775 @c Conclusion: do not use devnull for lyrics -FV
777 @c this clarifies http://code.google.com/p/lilypond/issues/detail?id=248
781 @subsubsection Chants
783 @c TODO Add text from lsr and -user
786 @node Spacing out syllables
787 @subsubsection Spacing out syllables
789 @cindex Spacing lyrics
790 @cindex Lyrics, increasing space between
792 To increase the spacing between lyrics, set the minimum-distance property of
795 @lilypond[relative,verbatim,fragment,quote,ragged-right]
798 \override Lyrics.LyricSpace #'minimum-distance = #1.0
802 longtext longtext longtext longtext
803 longtext longtext longtext longtext
807 To make this change for all lyrics in the score, set the property in the
810 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right]
817 longtext longtext longtext longtext
818 longtext longtext longtext longtext
823 \override LyricSpace #'minimum-distance = #1.0
830 @c This snippet has been renamed to "lyrics-alignment.ly"
831 @c update as soon as lsr/is updated -vv
832 @c @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc,doctitle]
833 @c {lyrics-alignment.ly}
835 @c TODO: move to LSR -vv
838 Checking to make sure that text scripts and lyrics are within the margins is
839 a relatively large computational task. To speed up processing, LilyPond does
840 not perform such calculations by default; to enable it, use
843 \override Score.PaperColumn #'keep-inside-line = ##t
846 To make lyrics avoid bar lines as well, use
852 \consists "Bar_engraver"
853 \consists "Separating_line_group_engraver"
854 \override BarLine #'transparent = ##t
859 @c TODO Create and add lsr example of lyricMelismaAlignment
860 @c It's used like this to center-align all lyric syllables,
861 @c even when notes are tied. -td
866 \context { \Score lyricMelismaAlignment = #0 }
871 @node Centering lyrics between staves
872 @subsubsection Centering lyrics between staves
874 @c TODO Add text from -user
881 * Adding stanza numbers ::
882 * Adding dynamics marks to stanzas::
883 * Adding singers' names to stanzas::
884 * Stanzas with different rhythms::
885 * Printing stanzas at the end ::
886 * Printing stanzas at the end in multiple columns ::
890 @node Adding stanza numbers
891 @subsubsection Adding stanza numbers
893 @cindex stanza number
895 Stanza numbers can be added by setting @code{stanza}, e.g.,
897 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,relative=2,fragment]
899 \time 3/4 g2 e4 a2 f4 g2.
905 Oh, ché -- ri, je t'aime
911 These numbers are put just before the start of the first syllable.
913 @c TODO Create and add snippet to show how two lines of a
914 @c stanza can be grouped together, along these lines:
915 @c (might need improving a bit) -td
918 leftbrace = \markup { \override #'(font-encoding . fetaBraces) \lookup
922 \set stanza = \markup { "1. " \leftbrace }
923 \lyricmode { Child, you're mine and I love you.
924 Lend thine ear to what I say.
930 % \set stanza = \markup { " "}
931 \lyricmode { Child, I have no great -- er joy
932 Than to have you walk in truth.
938 \repeat volta 2 { c'8 c' c' c' c' c' c'4
939 c'8 c' c' c' c' c' c'4 }
940 } \addlyrics { \stanzaOneOne }
941 \addlyrics { \stanzaOneThree }
945 @node Adding dynamics marks to stanzas
946 @subsubsection Adding dynamics marks to stanzas
948 Stanzas differing in loudness may be indicated by putting a
949 dynamics mark before each stanza. In LilyPond, everything coming in
950 front of a stanza goes into the @code{StanzaNumber} object; dynamics marks
951 are no different. For technical reasons, you have to set the stanza
952 outside @code{\lyricmode}:
954 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
956 \set stanza = \markup { \dynamic "ff" "1. " }
963 \new Voice = "tune" {
967 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "tune" \text
971 @node Adding singers' names to stanzas
972 @subsubsection Adding singers' names to stanzas
975 @cindex name of singer
977 Names of singers can also be added. They are printed at the start of
978 the line, just like instrument names. They are created by setting
979 @code{vocalName}. A short version may be entered as @code{shortVocalName}.
981 @lilypond[fragment,ragged-right,quote,verbatim,relative=2]
983 \time 3/4 g2 e4 a2 f4 g2.
985 \set vocalName = "Bert "
988 \set vocalName = "Ernie "
989 Oh, ché -- ri, je t'aime
993 @node Stanzas with different rhythms
994 @subsubsection Stanzas with different rhythms
996 @subsubheading Ignoring melismata
998 One possibility is that the text has a melisma in one stanza, but
999 multiple syllables in another one. One solution is to make the faster
1000 voice ignore the melisma. This is done by setting
1001 @code{ignoreMelismata} in the Lyrics context.
1003 There is one tricky aspect: the setting for @code{ignoreMelismata}
1004 must be set one syllable @emph{before} the non-melismatic syllable
1005 in the text, as shown here,
1007 @c TODO: breaks compile
1008 @c seems to be fixed, does not break compile anymore --FV
1009 @lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
1011 \relative c' \new Voice = "lahlah" {
1012 \set Staff.autoBeaming = ##f
1018 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "lahlah" {
1021 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "lahlah" {
1022 \set ignoreMelismata = ##t % applies to "fas"
1024 \unset ignoreMelismata
1031 The @code{ignoreMelismata} applies to the syllable @q{fas}, so it
1032 should be entered before @q{go}.
1035 @subsubheading Switching to an alternative melody
1037 More complex variations in text underlay are possible. It is possible
1038 to switch the melody for a line of lyrics during the text. This is
1039 done by setting the @code{associatedVoice} property. In the example
1041 @lilypond[ragged-right,quote]
1043 \relative c' \new Voice = "lahlah" {
1044 \set Staff.autoBeaming = ##f
1047 \new Voice = "alternative" {
1050 % show associations clearly.
1051 \override NoteColumn #'force-hshift = #-3
1062 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "lahlah" {
1063 Ju -- ras -- sic Park
1065 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "lahlah" {
1066 % Tricky: need to set associatedVoice
1067 % one syllable too soon!
1068 \set associatedVoice = alternative % applies to "ran"
1072 \set associatedVoice = lahlah % applies to "rus"
1078 the text for the first stanza is set to a melody called @q{lahlah},
1081 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "lahlah" @{
1082 Ju -- ras -- sic Park
1087 The second stanza initially is set to the @code{lahlah} context, but
1088 for the syllable @q{ran}, it switches to a different melody.
1089 This is achieved with
1091 \set associatedVoice = alternative
1095 Here, @code{alternative} is the name of the @code{Voice} context
1096 containing the triplet.
1098 @c FIXME: make this easier to understand -vv
1099 This command must be one syllable too early, before @q{Ty} in this
1100 case. In other words, changing the associatedVoice happens one step
1101 later than expected. This is for technical reasons, and it is not a
1105 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "lahlah" @{
1106 \set associatedVoice = alternative % applies to "ran"
1110 \set associatedVoice = lahlah % applies to "rus"
1116 The underlay is switched back to the starting situation by assigning
1117 @code{lahlah} to @code{associatedVoice}.
1120 @node Printing stanzas at the end
1121 @subsubsection Printing stanzas at the end
1123 Sometimes it is appropriate to have one stanza set
1124 to the music, and the rest added in verse form at
1125 the end of the piece. This can be accomplished by adding
1126 the extra verses into a @code{\markup} section outside
1127 of the main score block. Notice that there are two
1128 different ways to force linebreaks when using
1131 @lilypond[ragged-right,verbatim,quote]
1132 melody = \relative c' {
1138 \set stanza = "1." Ma- ry had a lit- tle lamb,
1139 its fleece was white as snow.
1143 \new Voice = "one" { \melody }
1144 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "one" \text
1150 \line{ All the children laughed and played }
1151 \line{ To see a lamb at school. }
1158 Mary took it home again,
1160 It was against the rule."
1165 @node Printing stanzas at the end in multiple columns
1166 @subsubsection Printing stanzas at the end in multiple columns
1168 When a piece of music has many verses, they are often printed in
1169 multiple columns across the page. An outdented verse number often
1170 introduces each verse. The following example shows how to produce such
1173 @lilypond[ragged-right,quote,verbatim]
1174 melody = \relative c' {
1179 \set stanza = "1." This is verse one.
1184 \new Voice = "one" { \melody }
1185 \new Lyrics \lyricsto "one" \text
1192 \hspace #0.1 % moves the column off the left margin;
1193 % can be removed if space on the page is tight
1197 "This is verse two."
1201 \hspace #0.1 % adds vertical spacing between verses
1204 "This is verse three."
1209 \hspace #0.1 % adds horizontal spacing between columns;
1210 % if they are still too close, add more " " pairs
1211 % until the result looks good
1215 "This is verse four."
1219 \hspace #0.1 % adds vertical spacing between verses
1222 "This is verse five."
1227 \hspace #0.1 % gives some extra space on the right margin;
1228 % can be removed if page space is tight
1236 Internals Reference:
1237 @rinternals{LyricText},
1238 @rinternals{StanzaNumber}.