2 % TITLE=The music notation with computer bibliography
3 % AUTHOR=Han-Wen Nienhuys
6 @String{CitH = {Computing and the Humanities}}
7 @String{CMJ = {Computer Music Journal}}
10 note = {Rules on formatting music formulated for use in computers. Mainly distilled from [Ross] HWN},
12 title = {Music Formatting Guidelines},
14 number = {OSU-CISRC-3/88-TR10},
15 institution = {Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University},
20 @InProceedings{assayaag86,
21 author = {G. Assayaag and D. Timis},
22 title = {A Toolbox for music notation},
23 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1986 International Computer Music Conference},
29 title = {Music Notation by Computer},
30 author = {Donald Byrd},
31 school = {Indiana University},
35 author = {Donald Byrd},
36 title = {Music Notation Software and Intelligence},
37 journal = {Computer Music Journal},
43 note = {Byrd (author of Nightinggale) shows four problematic
44 fragments of notation, and rants about notation programs that try to
45 exhibit intelligent behaviour. HWN}
52 author = {R. F. Erickson},
53 title = {The DARMS Project: A status report},
54 journal = {Computing in the humanities},
62 @Article{field-richards93,
63 author = {H.S. Field-Richards},
64 title = {Cadenza: A Music Description Language},
70 note = {A description through examples of a music entry language.
71 Apparently it has no formal semantics. There is also no
72 implementation of notation convertor. HWN}
79 author = {Herbert Bielawa},
80 title = {Review of Sibelius 7},
84 note = {A raving review/tutorial of Sibelius 7 for Acorn. (And did
85 they seriously program a RISC chip in ... assembler ?!) HWN}
91 author = {Donald Sloan},
92 title = {Aspects of Music Representation in HyTime/SMDL},
98 note = {An introduction into HyTime and its score description variant
99 SMDL. With a short example that is quite lengthy in SMDL}
103 author = {Geraint Wiggins and Eduardo Miranda and Alaaaan Smaill and Mitch Harris},
104 title = {A Framework for the evaluation of music representation systems},
110 note = {A categorisation of music representation systems (languages,
111 OO systems etc) splitted into high level and low level expressiveness.
112 The discussion of Charm and parallel processing for music
113 representation is rather vague. HWN}
119 @Article{dannenberg93,
120 author = {Roger B. Dannenberg},
121 title = {Music Representation: Issues, Techniques, and Systems},
127 note = {The title says it all. This article does not make any
128 statements, it points to some problems and solutions with music
129 representation. HWN},
133 @Article{rothstein93,
134 author = {Joseph Rothstein},
135 title = {Review of Passport Designs' Encore Music Notation Software},
139 note = {A no-science-here review of Encore. HWN}
146 author = {Alan Belkin},
147 title = {Macintosh Notation Software: Present and Future},
153 note = {Some music notation systems are analysed for ease of use, MIDI
154 handling. No rocket science here. The article ends with a plea for a
155 standard notation format. HWN},
161 title = {A System for Music Printing by Computer},
162 author = {Donald Byrd},
163 journal = {Computers and the Humanities},
170 note = {If I remember correctly, this was concerned more with an input language than with the typography. SP},
172 title = {Editing and Printing Music by Computer},
173 author = {Leland Smith},
174 totalentry = {Journal of Music Theory},
183 @InProceedings{montel97,
184 author = {Dominique Montel},
185 title = {La gravure de la musique, lisibilit\'e esth\'etique, respect de l'oevre},
186 booktitle = {Musique \& Notations},
189 editors ={Genevois \& Orlarey}
192 @PhdThesis {gomber75,
194 title = {A Computer-Oriented System for Music Printing},
195 author = {David A Gomberg},
196 school = {Washington University},
201 note = {Annual editions since 1985, many containing surveys of music typesetting technology. SP},
202 title = {Directory of Computer Assisted Research in Musicology},
203 author = {Walter B Hewlett and Eleanor Selfridge-Field},
204 totalentry = {Menlo Park, CA: Center for Computer Assisted Research in the Humanities},
209 title = {A Computer-oriented System for Music Printing},
210 author = {David A. Gomberg},
219 author = {Dorothea Blostein and Lippold Haken},
220 title = {The Lime Music Editor: A Diagram Editor Involving Complex
222 journal = {Software Practice and Experience},
228 note = {A description of various conversions, decisions and issues relating to this interactive editor HWN},
231 @InProceedings{bouzaiene98:_une,
232 author = {Nabil Bouzaiene and Lo\"ic Le Gall and Emmanuel Saint-James},
233 title = {Une biblioth\`eque pour la notation musicale baroque},
234 booktitle = {EP '98},
238 note = {Describes ATYS, an extension to Berlioz, that can mimick
239 handwritten baroque style beams}
244 @MastersThesis{gall97:_creat,
245 author = {Lo\"ic Le Gall},
246 title = {Cr\'eation d'une police adapt\'ee \`a la notation musicale baroque},
247 school = {\'Ecole Estienne},
251 @InProceedings{balaban88,
252 author = {M. Balaban},
253 title = {A Music Workstation Based on Multiple Hierarchical Views of Music},
254 booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1988 International Computer Music Conference},
256 address = {San Francisco},
257 organization = {International Computer Music Association}
260 @TechReport {gourlay87-spacing,
261 note = {Algorithm for generating spacing in one line of (polyphonic) music, tailored for use with MusiCopy. LilyPond uses a variant of it (as of pl 76) HWN},
263 title = {Spacing a Line of Music,},
264 author = {John S. Gourlay},
265 number = {OSU-CISRC-10/87-TR35},
266 institution ={Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University},
270 @TechReport {parish87,
271 note = {A brief overview of MusiCopy HWN},
273 title = {MusiCopy: An automated Music Formatting System},
274 author = {Allen Parish and Wael A. Hegazy and John S. Gourlay and Dean K. Roush and F. Javier Sola},
275 totalentry = {OSU-CISRC-10/87-TR29},
276 institution ={Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University},
280 @TechReport {gourlay87-formatting,
282 note = {This paper discusses the development of algorithms for the
283 formatting of musical scores (from abstract). It also appeared at
284 PROTEXT III, Ireland 1986},
287 title = {Computer Formatting of Music},
288 author = {John S. Gourlay and A. Parrish
289 and D. Roush and F. Sola and Y. Tien},
290 number = {OSU-CISRC-2/87-TR3},
291 institution ={Department of Computer and Information Science,
292 The Ohio State University},
296 @TechReport {hegazy87,
297 note = {Describes the "parser" which converts MusiCopy MDL to MusiCopy Simultaneities & columns HWN},
299 title = {On the Implementation of the MusiCopy Language Processor,},
300 author = {Wael A. Hegazy},
301 number = {OSU-CISRC-10/87-TR34},
302 institution={Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University},
306 @TechReport {hegazy87-breaking,
307 note = {This generalizes \TeX's breaking algorithm to music. It also appeared in Document Manipulation and Typography, J.C. van Vliet (ed) 1988. HWN},
309 title = {Optimal line breaking in music},
310 author = {Wael A. Hegazy and John S. Gourlay},
311 number = {OSU-CISRC-8/87-TR33},
312 institution={Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University,},
316 @TechReport {roush87,
317 note = {User manual of MusiCopy. Includes an impressive example piece. HWN},
319 title = {Using MusiCopy},
320 author = {Dean K. Roush},
321 number = {OSU-CISRC-18/87-TR31},
322 institution={Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University},
326 @TechReport {parrish87-simultaneities,
327 note = {Placement of balls, stems, dots which occur at the same moment ("Simultaneity") HWN},
329 title = {Computer Formatting of Musical Simultaneities,},
330 author = {A. Parrish and John S. Gourlay},
331 institution={Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University},
332 number = {OSU-CISRC-10/87-TR28},
337 note = {Overview of a procedure for generating slurs HWN},
339 title = {Computer Design of Musical Slurs, Ties and Phrase Marks,},
341 institution={Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University},
342 number = {OSU-CISRC-10/87-TR32},
346 @TechReport {sola87-beams,
347 institution={Department of Computer and Information Science, The Ohio State University},
348 note = {Calculating beam slopes HWN},
350 title = {Design of Musical Beams,},
351 author = {F. Sola and D. Roush},
352 number = {OSU-CISRC-10/87-TR30},
357 note = {This paper describes the MusiCopy musicsetting system and an input language to go with it. HWN},
359 title = {A language for music printing},
360 author = {John. S. Gourlay},
361 journal = {Communications of the ACM},
368 note = {A description of Lime internals (which resemble older (before 0.0.68pre) LilyPond data structures somewhat) HWN},
370 title = {The Tilia Music Representation: Extensibility, Abstraction, and Notation Contexts for the Lime Music Editor},
371 author = {Lippold Haken and Dorothea Blostein},
372 journal = {Computer Music Journal},
378 @InProceedings{haken95,
380 title = {A New Algorithm for Horizontal Spacing of Printed Music},
381 author = {Lippold Haken and Dorothea Blostein},
382 booktitle = {International Computer Music Conference},
386 note = {This describes an algorithm which uses springs between adjacent columns. This algorithm is a "subclass" of the LilyPond algorithm. HWN},
389 @Article {blostein91,
390 note = {This paper provides a shallow overview of the algorithm used in LIME for spacing individual lines. HWN},
392 title = {Justification of Printed Music},
393 author = {Dorothea Blostein and Lippold Haken},
394 journal = {Communications of the ACM},
403 note = {Describes a system called MusicEase, and explains that it uses "constraints" (which go unexplained) to automatically position various elements. HWN},
405 title = {Creating Printed Music Automatically},
406 author = {Gary M. Rader},
407 journal = {Computer},
418 note = {Don't ask Stephen for a copy. Write to the Bodleian Library, Oxford, or to the British Library, instead. SP},
420 title = {Computer Tools for Music Information Retrieval},
421 author = {Stephen Dowland Page},
422 school ={Dissertation University of Oxford},
425 @MastersThesis{roelofs91,
426 note = {This dutch thesis describes a simplistic (monophonic) typesetting system, and focuses on the breaking algorithm, which is taken from Hegazy & Gourlay HWN},
428 title = {Een Geautomatiseerd Systeem voor het Afdrukken van Muziek},
429 author = {Ren\'e Roelofs},
430 school={Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam},
432 translation = {``An automated system for printing music'' Master's Thesis Managerial Computer Science.},
436 @Article {filgueiras93,
438 title = {Representation and manipulation of music documents in SceX},
439 author = {Miguel Filgueiras and Jos\'e Paulo Leal},
440 journal= {Electronic Publishing},
442 number={4}, pages = {507--518},
448 note = {A paper on a TROFF preprocessor to typeset music. The output shown is not very sophisticated, and contains some typographical atrocities HWN},
450 title = {Music --- A language for typesetting music scores},
451 author = {Eric Foxley},
452 journal = {Software --- Practice and Experience},
461 title = {Implementing a Symbolic Music Processing System},
462 author = {Miguel Filgueiras},
463 totalentry = {LIACC, Universidade do Porto, 1996; submitted},
467 title = {Some Music Typesetting Algorithms},
468 author = {Miguel Filgueiras},
469 totalentry = {Miguel Filgueiras. ``Some Music Typesetting Algorithms''. LIACC, Universidade do Porto, forthcoming},
473 @Article {colorado-web,
474 author ={Alyssa Lamb},
475 note = {Webpages about engraving (designed with finale users in mind) (sic) HWN},
476 institution = {The University of Colorado},
477 title ={The University of Colorado Music Engraving page.},
478 HTML={http://obenamots.cc.colorado.edu/Musicpress/engraving.html},
486 note = {This paper deals with some command-line tools for music editing and playback. It doesn't mention notation issues, but does come with the grand idea (not) of using music to monitor complex systems. Imagine your nuclear plant supervisor to use AC/DC for checking the reactor HWN},
488 title = {Unix music tools at Bellcore},
489 author = {Peter S. Langston},
490 journal={Software --- Practice and Experience},
498 @Article {tablature-web,
499 note = {FAQ (with answers) about TAB, the ASCII variant of Tablature. HWN},
500 title = {how to read and write tab: a guide to tab notation},
501 author = {Howard Wright},
502 email={Howard.Wright@ed.ac.uk},
503 HTML={http://wabakimi.carleton.ca/~phacket2/guitar/tabfaq.html},
508 note = {Specs for NIFF, a reasonably comprehensive but binary (yuk) format for notation HWN},
511 title = {NIFF6a Notation Interchange File Format},
512 author = {Cindy Grande},
513 publisher={Grande Software Inc.},
514 HTML= {http://www.jtauber.com/music/encoding/niff/},
515 ftp = {ftp://blackbox.cartah.washington.edu}
521 title = {SMDL, Standard Musical Description Language},
522 pdf= {ftp://ftp.ornl.gov/pub/sgml/wg8/smdl/10743.pdf},
523 note={ISO/IEC DIS 10743
525 SGML instance for describing music. Very comprehensive in music
526 definition, but no support for notation / performance whatsoever (They
527 basically say: "You can embed a NIFF or MIDI file") HWN}
532 @TechReport{Ornstein83,
533 author={Ornstein, Severo M. and John Turner Maxwell III},
534 title={Mockingbird: A Composer's Amanuensis},
535 institution={Xerox Palo Alto Research Center},
536 address={3333 Coyote Hill Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304},
542 @PhdThesis{mueller90:_inter_bearb_musik,
543 author = {Giovanni M\"uller},
544 title = {Interaktive Bearbeitung konventioneller Musiknotation},
545 school = {Eidgen\"ossischen Technischen Hochschule Z\"urich},
548 note = {This is about engraver-quality typesetting with computers. It
549 accepts the axiom that notation is too difficult to generate
550 automatically. The result is that a notation program should be a
551 WYSIWYG editor that allows one to tweak everything.
555 The implementation therefore is quite "weak". The introductory
556 chapters on engraving and notation are well structured and clear,
560 @TechReport{grover89-symbols,
561 author = {John Gr\/over},
562 title = {A computer-oriented description of Music Notation. Part I. The Symbol Inventory},
563 institution = {Department of informatics, University of Oslo},
567 note = {The goal of this series of reports is a full description of
568 music formatting. As these largely depend on parameters of fonts, it
569 starts with a verbose description of music symbols.
571 The subject is treated backwards: from general rules of typesetting
572 the author tries to extract dimensions for characters, whereas the
573 rules of typesetting (in a particular font) follow from the dimensions
574 of the symbols. His symbols do not match (the stringent) constraints
575 formulated by eg. \cite{wanske}} }
577 @TechReport{grover89-twovoices,
578 author = {John Gr\/over},
579 title = {A computer-oriented description of Music Notation. Part II: Two Voice Sharing a Staff, Leger Line Rules, Dot Positioning},
581 institution = {Department of informatics, University of Oslo},
585 note = {A lot rules for what is in the title are formulated. The
586 descriptions are long and verbose. The verbosity shows that
587 formulating specific rules is not the proper way to approach the
588 problem. In stead, the formulated rules should follow from more
589 general rules, similar to\cite{parrish87-simultaneities}},
592 @TechReport{grover89-accidentals,
593 author = {John Gr\/over},
594 title = {A computer-oriented description of Music Notation. Part III: Accidental Positioning},
595 institution = {Department of informatics, University of Oslo},
598 note = {Placement of accidentals crystallised in an enormous set of rules. Same remarks as for \cite{grover89-twovoices} applies}