1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
3 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
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12 @node Wind instruments
13 @section Wind instruments
15 @lilypondfile[quote]{wind-headword.ly}
17 This section includes some elements of music notation that arise when
21 * Common notation for wind instruments::
25 @node Common notation for wind instruments
26 @subsection Common notation for wind instruments
28 This section discusses some issues common to most wind instruments.
31 * References for wind instruments::
35 @node References for wind instruments
36 @unnumberedsubsubsec References for wind instruments
38 @cindex wind instruments
40 Many notation issues for wind instruments pertain to breathing and
44 @item Breathing can be specified by rests or @ref{Breath marks}.
45 @item Legato playing is indicated by @ref{Slurs}.
46 @item Different types of tonguings, ranging from legato to non-legato to
47 staccato are usually shown by articulation marks, sometimes combined
48 with slurs, see @ref{Articulations and ornamentations} and @ref{List of
50 @item Flutter tonguing is usually indicated by placing a tremolo mark
51 and a text markup on the note. See @ref{Tremolo repeats}.
54 There are also other aspects of musical notation that can apply to wind
58 @item Many wind instruments are transposing instruments, see
59 @ref{Instrument transpositions}.
60 @item The slide glissando are characteristic of the trombone, but other
61 winds may perform keyed or valved glissandi. See @ref{Glissando}.
62 @item Harmonic series glissandi, which are possible on all brass
63 instruments but common for French Horns, are usually written out as
65 @item Pitch inflections at the end of a note are discussed in @ref{Falls
67 @item Key slaps or valve slaps are often shown by the @code{cross} style
68 of @ref{Special note heads}.
69 @item Woodwinds can overblow low notes to sound harmonics. These are
70 shown by the @code{flageolet} articulation. See @ref{List of articulations}.
71 @item The use of brass mutes is usually indicated by a text markup, but
72 where there are many rapid changes it is better to use the
73 @code{stopped} and @code{open} articulations. See @ref{Articulations and
74 ornamentations} and @ref{List of articulations}.
75 @item Stopped horns are indicated by the @code{stopped} articulation.
76 See @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}.
81 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
82 {changing--flageolet-mark-size.ly}
89 @ref{Articulations and ornamentations},
90 @ref{List of articulations},
91 @ref{Tremolo repeats},
92 @ref{Instrument transpositions},
95 @ref{Falls and doits},
96 @ref{Special note heads},
103 @unnumberedsubsubsec Fingerings
105 All wind instruments other than the trombone require the use of several
106 fingers to produce each pitch.
110 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
111 {fingering-symbols-for-wind-instruments.ly}
113 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
114 {recorder-fingering-chart.ly}
125 This section includes extra information for writing for bagpipes.
128 * Bagpipe definitions::
132 @node Bagpipe definitions
133 @unnumberedsubsubsec Bagpipe definitions
136 @cindex Scottish highland bagpipe
140 @funindex \hideKeySignature
141 @funindex hideKeySignature
142 @funindex \showKeySignature
143 @funindex showKeySignature
145 LilyPond contains special definitions for music for the Scottish
146 highland bagpipe; to use them, add
149 \include "bagpipe.ly"
153 at the top of your input file. This lets you add the special grace notes
154 common to bagpipe music with short commands. For example, you could
155 write @code{\taor} instead of
158 \grace @{ \small G32[ d G e] @}
161 @code{bagpipe.ly} also contains pitch definitions for the bagpipe
162 notes in the appropriate octaves, so you do not need to worry about
163 @code{\relative} or @code{\transpose}.
165 @lilypond[ragged-right,verbatim,quote,notime]
166 \include "bagpipe.ly"
167 { \grg G4 \grg a \grg b \grg c \grg d \grg e \grg f \grA g A }
170 Bagpipe music nominally uses the key of D Major (even though that
171 isn't really true). However, since that is the only key that can be used,
172 the key signature is normally not written out. To set this up correctly,
173 always start your music with @code{\hideKeySignature}. If you for some
174 reason want to show the key signature, you can use @code{\showKeySignature}
177 Some modern music use cross fingering on c and f to flatten those notes.
178 This can be indicated by @code{cflat} or @code{fflat}. Similarly, the
179 piobaireachd high g can be written @code{gflat} when it occurs in light
187 @node Bagpipe example
188 @unnumberedsubsubsec Bagpipe example
190 @cindex bagpipe example
191 @cindex Amazing Grace bagpipe example
193 This is what the well known tune Amazing Grace looks like in bagpipe
196 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
197 \include "bagpipe.ly"
200 \context { \Score \remove "Bar_number_engraver" }
204 title = "Amazing Grace"
206 arranger = "Trad. arr."
212 \grg \partial 4 a8. d16
213 \slurd d2 \grg f8[ e32 d16.]
217 \slurd d2 \grg f8[ e32 d16.]
221 \grg A2 \hdblf f8[ e32 d16.]
225 \slurd d2 \grg f8[ e32 d16.]