1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
3 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
5 When revising a translation, copy the HEAD committish of the
6 version that you are working on. See TRANSLATION for details.
11 @node Fretted string instruments
12 @section Fretted string instruments
14 @lilypondfile[quote]{fretted-headword.ly}
16 This section discusses several aspects of music notation that are unique
17 to fretted string instruments.
20 @cindex tablature, guitar
21 @cindex tablature, banjo
22 @cindex guitar tablature
23 @cindex banjo tablature
26 * Common notation for fretted strings::
31 @node Common notation for fretted strings
32 @subsection Common notation for fretted strings
34 This section discusses common notation that is unique
35 to fretted string instruments.
38 * References for fretted strings::
39 * String number indications::
40 * Default tablatures::
42 * Fret diagram markups::
43 * Predefined fret diagrams::
44 * Automatic fret diagrams::
45 * Right-hand fingerings::
48 @node References for fretted strings
49 @unnumberedsubsubsec References for fretted strings
51 Music for fretted string instruments is normally notated on
52 a single staff, either in traditional music notation or in
53 tablature. Sometimes the two types are combined, and it is
54 especially common in popular music to use chord diagrams above
55 a staff of traditional notation. The guitar and the banjo are
56 transposing instruments, sounding an octave lower than written.
57 Scores for these instruments should use the @code{"treble_8"} clef.
58 Some other elements pertinent to fretted string instruments
59 are covered elsewhere:
62 @item Fingerings are indicated as shown in @ref{Fingering instructions}.
64 @item Instructions for @notation{Laissez vibrer} ties
65 as well as ties on arpeggios and tremolos can be found in
68 @item Instructions for handling multiple voices can be found
69 in @ref{Collision resolution}.
71 @item Instructions for indicating harmonics can be found in
79 @ref{Fingering instructions},
81 @ref{Collision resolution},
82 @ref{Instrument names},
83 @ref{Writing music in parallel},
85 @ref{List of articulations},
89 @node String number indications
90 @unnumberedsubsubsec String number indications
92 @cindex string numbers
93 @cindex string vs. fingering numbers
94 @cindex fingering vs. string numbers
96 The string on which a note should be played may be indicated by
97 appending @code{\@var{number}} to a note inside a chord construct
100 @warning{String numbers @strong{must} be defined inside a chord
101 construct even if there is only a single note.}
103 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=0]
109 When fingerings and string indications are used together, their
110 placement is controlled by the order in which the two items appear
113 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
121 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
122 {controlling-the-placement-of-chord-fingerings.ly}
124 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
125 {allowing-fingerings-to-be-printed-inside-the-staff.ly}
130 @ref{Fingering instructions}.
133 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
136 @rinternals{StringNumber},
137 @rinternals{Fingering}.
140 @node Default tablatures
141 @unnumberedsubsubsec Default tablatures
143 @cindex tablatures, basic
144 @cindex tablatures, default
149 Music for plucked string instruments is frequently notated using a
150 finger/touch notation or tablature. In contrast to traditional
151 notation pitches are not denoted with note heads, but by numbers (or
152 letterlike symbols in historical intavolatura). The numbers
153 indicate on which string and fret a note must be played. The numbers
154 are printed on top of each other if they are to be played
158 By default, string 1 is the highest,
159 and the tuning defaults to the standard guitar tuning (with 6 strings).
160 The notes are printed as tablature, by using @code{TabStaff} and
161 @code{TabVoice} contexts
163 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
164 \new TabStaff \relative c' {
170 Default tablatures do not contain any symbols for tone duration nor any
171 other musical symbols such as e.g. expressive marks.
173 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
179 c8_.\<\( c16 c ~ c2\!
185 \new Staff { \clef "G_8" \symbols }
186 \new TabStaff { \symbols }
191 @funindex \tabFullNotation
193 If all musical symbols used in traditional notation should also show up
194 in tablature one has to apply the command @code{\tabFullNotation} in a
195 @code{TabStaff}-context. Please bear in mind that half notes are
196 double-stemmed in tablature in order to distinguish them from quarter
199 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
205 c8_.\<\( c16 c ~ c2\!
217 @funindex minimumFret
221 By default pitches are assigned to the lowest playing position on the
222 fret-board (first position). Open strings are automatically preferred.
223 If you would like a certain pitch to be played on a specific string
224 you can add a string number indication to the pitch name. If you
225 define pitch names and string numbers without a chord construct
226 (@code{<>}) the string number indications do not appear in traditional
227 notation. It is much more comfortable to define the playing position
228 by using the value of @code{minimumFret}. The default value for
232 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
234 \new Staff \relative c {
238 c,16\5 d\5 e\4 f\4 g4\4
241 \new TabStaff \relative c {
243 c,16\5 d\5 e\4 f\4 g4\4
244 \set TabStaff.minimumFret = #5
251 Ties over a line break are parenthesized by default. The same holds for
252 the second alternative of a repeat.
254 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
255 ties = \relative c' {
261 { g4\repeatTie c,2. }
286 @funindex \hideSplitTiedTabNotes
288 The command @code{\hideSplitTiedTabNotes} cancels the behavior of
289 engraving fret numbers in parentheses:
291 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
292 ties = \relative c' {
298 { g4\repeatTie c,2. }
312 \hideSplitTiedTabNotes
324 @cindex harmonic indications in tablature notation
325 @cindex tablature and harmonic indications
326 @cindex slides in tablature notation
327 @cindex tablature and slides
329 Harmonic indications and slides can be added to tablature
332 @lilypond[verbatim, quote, relative=1]
335 <c g'\harmonic> d\2\glissando e\2
343 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
344 {stem-and-beam-behavior-in-tablature.ly}
346 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
347 {polyphony-in-tablature.ly}
355 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
358 @rinternals{TabNoteHead},
359 @rinternals{TabStaff},
360 @rinternals{TabVoice},
366 Chords are not handled in a special way, and hence the automatic
367 string selector may easily select the same string for two notes in
370 In order to handle @code{\partcombine}, a @code{TabStaff} must use
371 specially-created voices:
373 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
374 melodia = \partcombine { e4 g g g }{ e4 e e e }
377 \new TabVoice = "one" s1
378 \new TabVoice = "two" s1
379 \new TabVoice = "shared" s1
380 \new TabVoice = "solo" s1
386 Guitar special effects are limited to harmonics and slides.
388 @node Custom tablatures
389 @unnumberedsubsubsec Custom tablatures
391 @cindex tablatures, custom
392 @cindex tablature, banjo
393 @cindex tablature, mandolin
394 @cindex tablature, bass guitar
395 @cindex tablature, predefined string tunings
396 @cindex fretted instruments, predefined string tunings
397 @cindex predefined string tunings for fretted instruments
399 @funindex StringTunings
401 LilyPond tabulature automatically calculates the fret for
402 a note based on the string to which the note is assigned.
403 In order to do this, the tuning of the strings must be
404 specified. The tuning of the strings is given in the
405 @code{StringTunings} property.
407 LilyPond comes with predefined string tunings for banjo, mandolin,
408 guitar and bass guitar. LilyPond automatically sets the correct
409 transposition for predefined tunings. The following example is
410 for bass guitar, which sounds an octave lower than written.
412 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
421 \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #bass-tuning
429 The default string tuning is @code{guitar-tuning}, which
430 is the standard EADGBE tuning. Some other predefined tunings are
431 @code{guitar-open-g-tuning}, @code{mandolin-tuning} and
432 @code{banjo-open-g-tuning}. The predefined string tunings
433 are found in @code{scm/output-lib.scm}.
435 A string tuning is a Scheme list of string pitches,
436 one for each string, ordered by string number from 1 to N,
437 where string 1 is at the top of the tablature staff and
438 string N is at the bottom. This ordinarily results in ordering
439 from highest pitch to lowest pitch, but some instruments
440 (e.g. ukulele) do not have strings ordered by pitch.
442 A string pitch in a string tuning list is the pitch difference
443 of the open string from middle C measured in semitones. The
444 string pitch must be an integer. LilyPond calculates the actual
445 pitch of the string by adding the string tuning pitch to the
446 actual pitch for middle C.
448 LilyPond automatically calculates the number of strings in the
449 @code{TabStaff} as the number of elements in @code{stringTunings}.
451 Any desired string tuning can be created. For example, we can
452 define a string tuning for a four-string instrument with pitches
453 of @code{a''}, @code{d''}, @code{g'}, and @code{c'}:
456 @lilypond[quote,verbatim]
468 \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #'(21 14 7 0)
477 @file{scm/@/output@/-lib@/.scm}.
480 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
483 @rinternals{Tab_note_heads_engraver}.
486 @node Fret diagram markups
487 @unnumberedsubsubsec Fret diagram markups
489 @cindex fret diagrams
490 @cindex chord diagrams
491 @cindex diagrams, fret
492 @cindex diagrams, chord for fretted instruments
493 @cindex fret diagrams, custom
494 @cindex custom fret diagrams
496 Fret diagrams can be added to music as a markup to the desired
497 note. The markup contains information about the desired fret
498 diagram. There are three different fret-diagram markup
499 interfaces: standard, terse, and verbose. The three interfaces
500 produce equivalent markups, but have varying amounts of
501 information in the markup string. Details about the markup
502 interfaces are found at @ref{Text markup commands}.
504 The standard fret diagram markup string indicates the string
505 number and the fret number for each dot to be placed on the string.
506 In addition, open and unplayed (muted) strings can be indicated.
508 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
510 \context ChordNames {
517 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
518 \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-3;4-2;3-o;2-1;1-o;"
519 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
520 \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-1;"
525 @cindex barre indications
527 Barre indications can be added to the diagram from
528 the fret-diagram markup string.
530 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
532 \context ChordNames {
539 < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
540 \fret-diagram #"c:6-1-1;6-1;5-3;4-3;3-2;2-1;1-1;"
541 < g, d g b d' g'> ^\markup
542 \fret-diagram #"c:6-1-3;6-3;5-5;4-5;3-4;2-3;1-3;"
547 @cindex fret-diagram markup
549 @funindex fret-diagram
550 @funindex \fret-diagram
552 The size of the fret diagram, and the number of frets in the diagram
553 can be changed in the fret-diagram markup string.
555 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
557 \context ChordNames {
564 < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
565 \fret-diagram #"s:1.5;c:6-1-1;6-1;5-3;4-3;3-2;2-1;1-1;"
566 < g, b, d g b g'> ^\markup
567 \fret-diagram #"h:6;6-3;5-2;4-o;3-o;2-o;1-3;"
572 The number of strings in a fret diagram can be changed to accomodate
573 different instruments such as banjos and ukeleles with the fret-diagram
576 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
578 \context ChordNames {
584 %% A chord for ukelele
585 a'1 ^\markup \fret-diagram #"w:4;4-2-2;3-1-1;2-o;1-o;"
590 Fingering indications can be added, and the location of fingering labels
591 can be controlled by the fret-diagram markup string.
593 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
595 \context ChordNames {
602 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
603 \fret-diagram #"f:1;6-x;5-3-3;4-2-2;3-o;2-1-1;1-o;"
604 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
605 \fret-diagram #"f:2;6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2-2;2-3-3;1-1-1;"
610 Dot radius and dot position can be controlled with the fret-diagram
613 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
615 \context ChordNames {
622 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
623 \fret-diagram #"d:0.35;6-x;5-3;4-2;3-o;2-1;1-o;"
624 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
625 \fret-diagram #"p:0.2;6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-1;"
630 @cindex fret-diagram-terse markup
632 @funindex fret-diagram-terse
633 @funindex \fret-diagram-terse
635 The fret-diagram-terse markup string omits string numbers; the string
636 number is implied by the presence of semicolons. There is one semicolon
637 for each string in the diagram. The first semicolon corresponds to the
638 highest string number and the last semicolon corresponds to the first string.
639 Mute strings, open strings, and fret numbers can be indicated.
641 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
643 \context ChordNames {
650 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
651 \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3;2;o;1;o;"
652 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
653 \fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2;3;1;"
658 Barre indicators can be included in the fret-diagram-terse markup string.
660 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
662 \context ChordNames {
669 < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
670 \fret-diagram-terse #"1-(;3;3;2;1;1-);"
671 < g, d g b d' g'> ^\markup
672 \fret-diagram-terse #"3-(;5;5;4;3;3-);"
677 Fingering indications can be included in the fret-diagram-terse markup string.
679 @c Need to use override to enable fingerings to show this -- can we do so?
680 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
682 \context ChordNames {
688 \override Voice.TextScript
689 #'(fret-diagram-details finger-code) = #'below-string
691 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
692 \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3-3;2-2;o;1-1;o;"
693 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
694 \fret-diagram-terse #"x;x;o;2-2;3-3;1-1;"
699 Other fret diagram properties must be adjusted using @code{\override} when using
700 the fret-diagram-terse markup.
702 @cindex fret-diagram-verbose markup
704 @funindex fret-diagram-verbose
705 @funindex \fret-diagram-verbose
707 The fret-diagram-verbose markup string is in the format of a Scheme list. Each
708 element of the list indicates an item to be placed on the fret diagram.
710 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
711 << \context ChordNames {
718 < c e g c' e' > 1 ^\markup
719 \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
727 < d a d' f'> ^\markup
728 \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
740 Fingering indications and barres can be included in a
741 fret-diagram-verbose markup string. Unique to the
742 fret-diagram-verbose interface is a capo indication that
743 can be placed on the fret diagram. The capo indication is
744 a thick bar that covers all strings. The fret with the
745 capo will be the lowest fret in the fret diagram.
747 @c \override is necessary to make fingering visible
748 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
750 \context ChordNames {
757 \override Voice.TextScript
758 #'(fret-diagram-details finger-code) = #'below-string
760 < f, c f a c' f'>1 ^\markup
761 \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
770 < g, b, d g b g'> ^\markup
771 \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
779 < c e g c' e'> ^\markup
780 \fret-diagram-verbose #'(
791 All other fret diagram properties must be adjusted using @code{\override}
792 when using the fret-diagram-verbose markup.
795 The following example shows the three fret-diagram markup
796 interfaces, along with examples of common tweaks. For example,
797 the size of the verbose fret diagram is reduced to 0.75, and the
798 finger indications are specified to appear below the diagram. The
799 terse diagram includes tweaks to specify placement of finger code
802 @lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
805 d^\markup \fret-diagram #"6-x;5-x;4-o;3-2;2-3;1-2;"
807 fis^\markup \override #'(size . 0.75) {
808 \override #'(finger-code . below-string) {
809 \fret-diagram-verbose #'((place-fret 6 2 1) (barre 6 1 2)
818 c^\markup \override #'(dot-radius . 0.35) {
819 \override #'(finger-code . in-dot) {
820 \override #'(dot-color . white) {
821 \fret-diagram-terse #"x;3-1-(;5-2;5-3;5-4;3-1-);"
830 @cindex customized fret diagram
831 @cindex fret diagram, customized
832 @cindex diagram, fret, customized
834 @funindex fret-diagram-interface
836 The graphical layout of a fret diagram can be customized according to
837 user preference through the properties of the @code{fret-diagram-interface}.
838 Details are found at @rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}. For a fret diagram
839 markup, the interface properties belong to @code{Voice.TextScript}.
843 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
844 {customizing-markup-fret-diagrams.ly}
849 @ref{Text markup commands}.
852 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
855 @rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}.
858 @node Predefined fret diagrams
859 @unnumberedsubsubsec Predefined fret diagrams
862 @cindex fret diagrams
863 @cindex chord diagrams
866 @funindex stringTunings
868 Fret diagrams can be displayed using the @code{FretBoards} context. By
869 default, the @code{FretBoards} context will display fret diagrams that
870 are stored in a lookup table:
872 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
873 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
874 \context FretBoards {
881 The default predefined fret diagrams are contained in the file
882 @code{predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly}. Fret diagrams are
883 stored based on the pitches of a chord and the value of
884 @code{stringTunings} that is currently in use.
885 @code{predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly} contains predefined
886 fret diagrams only for @code{guitar-tuning}. Predefined fret
887 diagrams can be added for other instruments or other tunings
888 by following the examples found in
889 @code{predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly}.
891 Chord pitches can be entered
892 either as simultaneous music or using chord mode (see
893 @ref{Chord mode overview}).
895 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right,quote]
896 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
897 \context FretBoards {
903 @cindex chord names with fret diagrams
904 @cindex fret diagrams with chord names
910 It is common that both chord names and fret diagrams are displayed together.
911 This is achieved by putting a @code{ChordNames} context in parallel with
912 a @code{FretBoards} context and giving both contexts the same music.
914 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
915 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
916 mychords = \chordmode{
921 \context ChordNames {
924 \context FretBoards {
930 @cindex transposing fret diagrams
931 @cindex fret diagrams, transposing
932 @cindex diagrams, fret, transposing
934 Predefined fret diagrams are transposable, as long as a diagram for the
935 transposed chord is stored in the fret diagram table.
937 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
938 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
939 mychords = \chordmode{
945 \transpose c e { \mychords}
948 \context ChordNames {
951 \context FretBoards {
958 The predefined fret diagram table contains seven chords (major, minor,
959 augmented, diminished, dominant seventh, major seventh, minor seventh)
960 for each of 17 keys. A complete list of the predefined fret diagrams is
961 shown in @ref{Predefined fretboard diagrams}. If there is no entry in
962 the table for a chord, the FretBoards engraver will calculate a
963 fret-diagram using the automatic fret diagram functionality described in
964 @ref{Automatic fret diagrams}.
966 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
967 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
968 mychords = \chordmode{
973 \context ChordNames {
976 \context FretBoards {
982 @cindex fret diagrams, adding custom
983 @cindex custom fret diagrams, adding
984 @cindex adding custom fret diagrams
986 Fret diagrams can be added to the fret diagram table. To add a diagram,
987 you must specify the chord for the diagram, the tuning to be used, and
988 a definition for the diagram. The diagram definition can be either a
989 fret-diagram-terse definition string or a fret-diagram-verbose
992 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
993 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
995 \storePredefinedDiagram \chordmode {c:9}
997 #"x;3-2;2-1;3-3;3-4;x;"
999 mychords = \chordmode{
1004 \context ChordNames {
1007 \context FretBoards {
1013 Different fret diagrams for the same chord name can be stored using different
1014 octaves of pitches. The different octave should be at least two octaves
1015 above or below the default octave, because the octaves above and below the
1016 default octave are used for transposing fretboards.
1018 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
1019 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
1021 \storePredefinedDiagram \chordmode {c''}
1023 #(offset-fret 2 (chord-shape 'bes guitar-tuning))
1025 mychords = \chordmode{
1030 \context ChordNames {
1033 \context FretBoards {
1039 @cindex fretted instruments, chord shapes
1040 @cindex chord shapes for fretted instruments
1042 @funindex \addChordShape
1043 @funindex add ChordShape
1044 @funindex storePredefinedDiagram
1045 @funindex \storePredefinedDiagram
1047 In addition to fret diagrams, LilyPond stores an internal list of chord
1048 shapes. The chord shapes are fret diagrams that can be shifted along
1049 the neck to different posistions to provide different chords. Chord
1050 shapes can be added to the internal list and then used to define
1051 predefined fret diagrams. Because they can be moved to various
1052 positions on the neck, chord shapes will normally not contain
1053 any open strings. Like fret diagrams, chord shapes can be
1054 entered as either fret-diagram-terse strings or fret-diagram-verbose
1057 @lilypond[verbatim, ragged-right, quote]
1058 \include "predefined-guitar-fretboards.ly"
1060 % add a new chord shape
1062 \addChordShape #'powerf #guitar-tuning #"1-1;3-3;3-4;x;x;x;"
1064 % add some new chords based on the power chord shape
1066 \storePredefinedDiagram \chordmode {f''}
1068 #(chord-shape 'powerf guitar-tuning)
1069 \storePredefinedDiagram \chordmode {g''}
1071 #(offset-fret 2 (chord-shape 'powerf guitar-tuning))
1073 mychords = \chordmode{
1078 \context ChordNames {
1081 \context FretBoards {
1087 The graphical layout of a fret diagram can be customized according to
1088 user preference through the properties of the @code{fret-diagram-interface}.
1089 Details are found at @rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}. For a
1090 predefined fret diagram, the interface properties belong to
1091 @code{FretBoards.FretBoard}.
1095 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
1096 {customizing-fretboard-fret-diagrams.ly}
1098 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
1099 {defining-predefined-fretboards-for-other-instruments.ly}
1101 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
1102 {chordchanges-for-fretboards.ly}
1107 @ref{Custom tablatures},
1108 @ref{Automatic fret diagrams},
1109 @ref{Chord mode overview},
1110 @ref{Predefined fretboard diagrams}.
1113 @file{ly/@/predefined@/-guitar@/-fretboards@/.ly},
1114 @file{ly/@/predefined@/-guitar@/-ninth@/-fretboards@/.ly}.
1117 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
1119 Internals Reference:
1120 @rinternals {fret-diagram-interface}.
1123 @node Automatic fret diagrams
1124 @unnumberedsubsubsec Automatic fret diagrams
1126 @cindex fret diagrams, automatic
1127 @cindex chord diagrams, automatic
1128 @cindex automatic fret diagrams
1129 @cindex automatic chord diagrams
1131 Fret diagrams can be automatically created from entered notes using the
1132 @code{FretBoards} context. If no predefined diagram is available for
1133 the entered notes in the active @code{stringTunings}, this context
1134 calculates strings and frets that can be used to play the notes.
1136 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
1138 \context ChordNames {
1143 \context FretBoards {
1155 @funindex predefinedFretboardsOff
1156 @funindex \predefinedFretboardsOff
1157 @funindex predefinedFretboardsOn
1158 @funindex \predefinedFretboardsOn
1160 As no predefined diagrams are loaded by default, automatic calculation
1161 of fret diagrams is the default behavior. Once default diagrams are
1162 loaded, automatic calculation can be enabled and disabled with predefined
1165 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
1167 \storePredefinedDiagram <c e g c' e'>
1169 #"x;3-1-(;5-2;5-3;5-4;3-1-1);"
1171 \context ChordNames {
1176 \context FretBoards {
1178 \predefinedFretboardsOff
1180 \predefinedFretboardsOn
1194 Sometimes the fretboard calculator will be unable to find
1195 an acceptable diagram. This can often be remedied by
1196 manually assigning a note to a string. In many cases, only one
1197 note need be manually placed on a string; the rest of
1198 the notes will then be placed appropriately by the @code{FretBoards}
1201 @cindex fret diagrams, adding fingerings
1202 @cindex fingerings, adding to fret diagrams
1204 Fingerings can be added to FretBoard fret diagrams.
1206 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
1208 \context ChordNames {
1213 \context FretBoards {
1214 < c-3 e-2 g c'-1 e' > 1
1225 The minimum fret to be used in calculating strings and frets for
1226 the FretBoard context can be set with the @code{minimumFret}
1229 @lilypond[quote, verbatim]
1231 \context ChordNames {
1236 \context FretBoards {
1238 \set FretBoards.minimumFret = #5
1249 The strings and frets for the @code{FretBoards} context depend
1250 on the @code{stringTunings} property, which has the same meaning
1251 as in the TabStaff context. See @ref{Custom tablatures} for
1252 information on the @code{stringTunings} property.
1254 The graphical layout of a fret diagram can be customized according to
1255 user preference through the properties of the @code{fret-diagram-interface}.
1256 Details are found at @rinternals{fret-diagram-interface}. For a
1257 @code{FretBoards} fret diagram, the interface properties belong to
1258 @code{FretBoards.FretBoard}.
1262 @code{\predefinedFretboardsOff},
1263 @code{\predefinedFretboardsOn}.
1269 @ref{Custom tablatures}.
1272 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
1274 Internals Reference:
1275 @rinternals {fret-diagram-interface}.
1278 @node Right-hand fingerings
1279 @unnumberedsubsubsec Right-hand fingerings
1281 @cindex fretted instruments, right hand fingerings
1282 @cindex fingerings, right hand for fretted instruments
1283 @cindex right hand fingerings for fretted instruments
1285 @funindex rightHandFinger
1286 @funindex \rightHandFinger
1288 Right-hand fingerings @var{p-i-m-a} must be entered within a
1289 chord construct @code{<>} for them to be printed in the score,
1290 even when applied to a single note.
1292 @warning{There @strong{must} be a hyphen after the note and a space
1293 before the closing @code{>}.}
1295 @lilypond[quote,verbatim,relative=0]
1297 <c-\rightHandFinger #1 >4
1298 <e-\rightHandFinger #2 >
1299 <g-\rightHandFinger #3 >
1300 <c-\rightHandFinger #4 >
1301 <c,-\rightHandFinger #1 e-\rightHandFinger #2
1302 g-\rightHandFinger #3 c-\rightHandFinger #4 >1
1305 For convenience, you can abbreviate @code{\rightHandFinger} to something
1306 short, for example @code{RH},
1309 #(define RH rightHandFinger)
1315 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
1316 {placement-of-right-hand-fingerings.ly}
1318 @lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,texidoc,doctitle]
1319 {fingerings,-string-indications,-and-right-hand-fingerings.ly}
1324 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
1326 Internals Reference:
1327 @rinternals{StrokeFinger}.
1333 Most of the notational issues associated with guitar music are
1334 covered sufficiently in the general fretted strings section, but there
1335 are a few more worth covering here. Occasionally users want to
1336 create songbook-type documents having only lyrics with chord
1337 indications above them. Since LilyPond is a music typesetter,
1338 it is not recommended for documents that have no music notation
1339 in them. A better alternative is a word processor, text editor,
1340 or, for experienced users, a typesetter like GuitarTeX.
1343 * Indicating position and barring::
1344 * Indicating harmonics and dampened notes::
1347 @node Indicating position and barring
1348 @unnumberedsubsubsec Indicating position and barring
1350 @cindex indicating position and barring for fretted instruments
1351 @cindex fretted instruments, indicating position and barring
1353 This example demonstrates how to include guitar position and
1354 barring indications.
1356 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=0]
1360 \override TextSpanner #'(bound-details left text) = #"XII "
1362 b16 e g e b g\stopTextSpan
1369 @ref{Text spanners}.
1372 @rlsr{Fretted strings},
1373 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
1376 @node Indicating harmonics and dampened notes
1377 @unnumberedsubsubsec Indicating harmonics and dampened notes
1379 @cindex fretted instruments, dampened notes
1380 @cindex fretted instruments, harmonics
1381 @cindex dampened notes on fretted instruments
1382 @cindex harmonics on fretted instruments
1384 Special note heads can be used to indicate dampened notes or
1385 harmonics. Harmonics are normally further explained with a
1388 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
1391 \override Staff.NoteHead #'style = #'cross
1393 \override Staff.NoteHead #'style = #'harmonic-mixed
1394 d^\markup { \italic { \fontsize #-2 { "harm. 12" }}} <g b>1
1401 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
1404 @ref{Special note heads},
1405 @ref{Note head styles}.
1412 * Banjo tablatures::
1415 @node Banjo tablatures
1416 @unnumberedsubsubsec Banjo tablatures
1418 @cindex banjo tablatures
1419 @cindex tablature, banjo
1421 LilyPond has basic support for the five-string banjo. When making tablatures
1422 for five-string banjo, use the banjo tablature format function to get
1423 correct fret numbers for the fifth string:
1425 @c due to crazy intervals of banjo music, absolute pitch is recommended
1427 @lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim]
1429 \set TabStaff.tablatureFormat = #fret-number-tablature-format-banjo
1430 \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #banjo-open-g-tuning
1433 g8 d' g'\5 a b g e d' |
1434 g4 d''8\5 b' a'\2 g'\5 e'\2 d' |
1440 @cindex banjo tunings
1441 @cindex tunings, banjo
1443 @funindex banjo-c-tuning
1444 @funindex banjo-modal-tuning
1445 @funindex banjo-open-d-tuning
1446 @funindex banjo-open-dm-tuning
1447 @funindex four-string-banjo
1449 A number of common tunings for banjo are predefined in LilyPond:
1450 @code{banjo-c-tuning} (gCGBD), @code{banjo-modal-tuning} (gDGCD),
1451 @code{banjo-open-d-tuning} (aDF#AD) and @code{banjo-open-dm-tuning}
1454 These tunings may be converted to four-string banjo tunings using the
1455 @code{four-string-banjo} function:
1458 \set TabStaff.stringTunings = #(four-string-banjo banjo-c-tuning)
1464 @rlsr{Fretted strings}.
1467 @file{scm/@/output@/-lib@/.scm} contains predefined banjo tunings.