1 @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
3 Translation of GIT committish: FILL-IN-HEAD-COMMITTISH
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12 @node Expressive marks
13 @section Expressive marks
15 @lilypondfile[quote]{expressive-headword.ly}
17 This section lists various expressive marks that can be
21 * Expressive marks attached to notes::
22 * Expressive marks as curves::
23 * Expressive marks as lines::
27 @node Expressive marks attached to notes
28 @subsection Expressive marks attached to notes
30 This section explains how to create expressive marks that are
31 attached to notes: articulations, ornamentations, and dynamics.
32 Methods to create new dynamic markings are also discussed.
35 * Articulations and ornamentations::
40 @node Articulations and ornamentations
41 @unnumberedsubsubsec Articulations and ornamentations
52 @cindex organ pedal marks
53 @cindex pedal marks, organ
75 @funindex \staccatissimo
91 @funindex \snappizzicato
93 @funindex \reverseturn
98 @funindex \prallmordent
102 @funindex \downmordent
106 @funindex \signumcongruentiae
107 @funindex \shortfermata
109 @funindex \longfermata
110 @funindex \verylongfermata
111 @funindex \fermataMarkup
119 A variety of symbols that denote articulations, ornamentations,
120 and other performance indications can be attached to a note using
124 @var{note}\@var{name}
127 The possible values for @code{@var{name}} are listed in
128 @ref{List of articulations}. For example:
130 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
131 c4\staccato c\mordent b2\turn
137 @cindex staccatissimo
142 Some of these articulations have shorthands for easier entry.
143 Shorthands are appended to the note name, and their syntax
144 consists of a dash @code{-} followed by a symbol signifying the
145 articulation. Predefined shorthands exist for @notation{marcato},
146 @notation{stopped}, @notation{tenuto}, @notation{staccatissimo},
147 @notation{accent}, @notation{staccato}, and @notation{portato}.
148 Their corresponding output appears as follows:
150 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
155 The rules for the default placement of articulations are defined
156 in @file{scm/script.scm}. Articulations and ornamentations
157 may be manually placed above or below the staff; see
158 @ref{Direction and placement}.
160 Articulations are @code{Script} objects. Their properties are
161 described more fully in @rinternals{Script}.
163 Articulations can be attached to rests as well as notes but they
164 cannot be attached to multi-measure rests. A special predefined
165 command, @code{\fermataMarkup}, is available for attaching a fermata
166 to a multi-measure rest (and only a multi-measure rest). This
167 creates a @code{MultiMeasureRestText} object.
169 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
170 \override Script #'color = #red
171 \override MultiMeasureRestText #'color = #blue
176 In addition to articulations, text and markups can be attached to
177 notes. See @ref{Text scripts}.
179 For more information about the ordering of Scripts and TextScripts that
180 are attached to the notes, see @rlearning{Placement of objects}.
184 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
185 {modifying-default-values-for-articulation-shorthand-notation.ly}
187 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
188 {controlling-the-vertical-ordering-of-scripts.ly}
190 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
191 {creating-a-delayed-turn.ly}
201 @rlearning{Placement of objects}.
205 @ref{Direction and placement},
206 @ref{List of articulations},
210 @file{scm/script.scm}.
213 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
217 @rinternals{TextScript}.
221 @unnumberedsubsubsec Dynamics
223 @cindex absolute dynamics
225 @cindex dynamics, absolute
266 Absolute dynamic marks are specified using a command after a note,
267 such as @code{c4\ff}. The available dynamic marks are
268 @code{\ppppp}, @code{\pppp}, @code{\ppp}, @code{\pp}, @code{\p},
269 @code{\mp}, @code{\mf}, @code{\f}, @code{\ff}, @code{\fff},
270 @code{\ffff}, @code{\fffff}, @code{\fp}, @code{\sf}, @code{\sff},
271 @code{\sp}, @code{\spp}, @code{\sfz}, and @code{\rfz}. Dynamic
272 marks may be manually placed above or below the staff; see
273 @ref{Direction and placement}.
275 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
294 A @notation{crescendo} mark is started with @code{\<} and
295 terminated with @code{\!}, an absolute dynamic, or an additional
296 crescendo or decrescendo mark. A @notation{decrescendo} mark is
297 started with @code{\>} and is also terminated with @code{\!}, an
298 absolute dynamic, or another crescendo or decrescendo mark.
299 @code{\cr} and @code{\decr} may be used instead of @code{\<} and
300 @code{\>}. @notation{Hairpins} are engraved by default using this
303 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
313 A hairpin that is terminated with @code{\!} will end at the
314 right edge of the note that has the @code{\!} assigned to it. In the
315 case where it is terminated with the start of another @notation{crescendo}
316 or @notation{decrescendo} mark, it will end at the centre of the note
317 that has the next @code{\<} or @code{\>} assigned to it. The next
318 hairpin will then start at the right edge of the same note
319 instead of the usual left edge had it been terminated with @code{\!}
322 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
323 c1\< | c4 a c\< a | c4 a c\! a\< | c4 a c a\!
326 Hairpins that are terminated with absolute dynamic marks instead of
327 @code{\!} will also be engraved in a similar way. However, the length
328 of the absolute dynamic itself can alter where the preceding hairpin
331 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
332 c1\< | c4 a c\mf a | c1\< | c4 a c\ffff a
335 @cindex multiple dynamic marks on one note
336 @cindex dynamic marks, multiple on one note
337 Spacer rests are needed to engrave multiple marks on one note.
338 This is particularly useful when adding a @notation{crescendo} and
339 @notation{decrescendo} to the same note:
341 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
343 << f1 { s4 s4\< s4\> s4\! } >>
346 @cindex espressivo articulation
348 @funindex \espressivo
351 The @code{\espressivo} command can be used to indicate a crescendo
352 and decrescendo on the same note. However, be warned that this is
353 implemented as an articulation, not a dynamic.
355 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
366 Textual crescendo marks begin with @code{\cresc}.
367 Textual decrescendos begin with @code{\decresc} or @code{\dim}.
368 Extender lines are engraved as required.
370 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
371 g8\cresc a b c b c d e\mf |
372 f8\decresc e d c e\> d c b |
377 @funindex \crescTextCresc
378 @funindex crescTextCresc
379 @funindex \dimTextDecresc
380 @funindex dimTextDecresc
381 @funindex \dimTextDecr
382 @funindex dimTextDecr
383 @funindex \dimTextDim
385 @funindex \crescHairpin
386 @funindex crescHairpin
387 @funindex \dimHairpin
390 Textual marks for dynamic changes can also replace hairpins:
391 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
406 To create new absolute dynamic marks or text that should be
407 aligned with dynamics, see @ref{New dynamic marks}.
409 @cindex dynamics, vertical positioning
410 @cindex vertical positioning of dynamics
412 @funindex DynamicLineSpanner
415 Vertical positioning of dynamics is handled by
416 @rinternals{DynamicLineSpanner}.
419 @funindex \dynamicDown
420 @funindex dynamicDown
421 @funindex \dynamicNeutral
422 @funindex dynamicNeutral
424 A @code{Dynamics} context is available to engrave dynamics on
425 their own horizontal line. Use spacer rests to indicate timing.
426 (Notes in a @code{Dynamics} context will also take up
427 musical time, but will not be engraved.)
428 The @code{Dynamics} context can usefully contain some other
429 items such as text scripts, text spanners, and piano pedal marks.
431 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
433 \new Staff \relative c' {
451 @code{\dynamicNeutral},
452 @code{\crescTextCresc},
455 @code{\dimTextDecresc},
456 @code{\crescHairpin},
463 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
464 {setting-hairpin-behavior-at-bar-lines.ly}
466 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
467 {setting-the-minimum-length-of-hairpins.ly}
472 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
473 {printing-hairpins-using-al-niente-notation.ly}
475 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
476 {vertically-aligned-dynamics-and-textscripts.ly}
478 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
479 {hiding-the-extender-line-for-text-dynamics.ly}
481 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
482 {changing-text-and-spanner-styles-for-text-dynamics.ly}
492 @rlearning{Articulation and dynamics}.
495 @ref{Direction and placement},
496 @ref{New dynamic marks},
497 @ref{What goes into the MIDI output?},
498 @ref{Controlling MIDI dynamics}.
501 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
504 @rinternals{DynamicText},
505 @rinternals{Hairpin},
506 @rinternals{DynamicLineSpanner},
507 @rinternals{Dynamics}.
510 @node New dynamic marks
511 @unnumberedsubsubsec New dynamic marks
513 @cindex new dynamic marks
514 @cindex dynamic marks, new
516 The easiest way to create dynamic indications is to use
517 @code{\markup} objects.
519 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
520 moltoF = \markup { molto \dynamic f }
523 <d e>16_\moltoF <d e>
528 @cindex dynamics, editorial
529 @cindex dynamics, parenthesis
530 @cindex editorial dynamics
536 In markup mode, editorial dynamics (within parentheses or square
537 brackets) can be created. The syntax for markup mode is described
538 in @ref{Formatting text}.
540 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
542 \center-align \concat { \bold { \italic ( }
543 \dynamic f \bold { \italic ) } } }
544 boxF = \markup { \bracket { \dynamic f } }
551 @cindex make-dynamic-script
552 @funindex make-dynamic-script
554 Simple, centered dynamic marks are easily created with the
555 @code{make-dynamic-script} function.
557 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
558 sfzp = #(make-dynamic-script "sfzp")
564 In general, @code{make-dynamic-script} takes any markup object as its
565 argument. The dynamic font only contains the characters
566 @code{f,m,p,r,s} and @code{z}, so if a dynamic mark that includes
567 plain text or punctuation symbols is desired, markup commands that
568 reverts font family and font encoding to normal text should be used,
569 for example @code{\normal-text}. The interest of using
570 @code{make-dynamic-script} instead of an ordinary markup is ensuring
571 the vertical alignment of markup objects and hairpins that are
572 attached to the same note head.
574 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
575 roundF = \markup { \center-align \concat {
576 \normal-text { \bold { \italic ( } }
578 \normal-text { \bold { \italic ) } } } }
579 boxF = \markup { \bracket { \dynamic f } }
580 mfEspress = \markup { \center-align \line {
581 \hspace #3.7 mf \normal-text \italic espress. } }
582 roundFdynamic = #(make-dynamic-script roundF)
583 boxFdynamic = #(make-dynamic-script boxF)
584 mfEspressDynamic = #(make-dynamic-script mfEspress)
586 c4_\roundFdynamic\< d e f
589 g'1~\mfEspressDynamic
594 The Scheme form of markup mode may be used instead. Its syntax is
595 explained in @rextend{Markup construction in Scheme}.
597 @lilypond[verbatim,quote]
598 moltoF = #(make-dynamic-script
599 (markup #:normal-text "molto"
607 Font settings in markup mode are described in
608 @ref{Selecting font and font size}.
612 @ref{Formatting text},
613 @ref{Selecting font and font size},
614 @ref{What goes into the MIDI output?},
615 @ref{Controlling MIDI dynamics}.
618 @rextend{Markup construction in Scheme}.
621 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
624 @node Expressive marks as curves
625 @subsection Expressive marks as curves
627 This section explains how to create various expressive marks that
628 are curved: normal slurs, phrasing slurs, breath marks, falls, and
639 @unnumberedsubsubsec Slurs
643 @notation{Slurs} are entered using parentheses:
645 @warning{In polyphonic music, a slur must be terminated
646 in the same voice it began.}
648 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
654 @cindex slurs, manual placement
655 @cindex slurs, below notes
656 @cindex slurs, above notes
659 @funindex \slurNeutral
660 @funindex slurNeutral
662 Slurs may be manually placed above or below the staff; see
663 @ref{Direction and placement}.
665 @cindex phrasing slur
666 @cindex multiple slurs
667 @cindex simultaneous slurs
668 @cindex slur, phrasing
669 @cindex slurs, multiple
670 @cindex slurs, simultaneous
672 Simultaneous or overlapping slurs are not permitted, but a phrasing
673 slur can overlap a slur. This permits two slurs to be printed at
674 once. For details, see @ref{Phrasing slurs}.
684 @funindex \slurDashed
686 @funindex \slurDotted
691 Slurs can be solid, dotted, or dashed. Solid is the default slur
694 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
704 @funindex \slurHalfDashed
705 @funindex slurHalfDashed
706 @funindex \slurHalfSolid
707 @funindex slurHalfSolid
708 @cindex slur, half dashed and half solid
710 Slurs can also be made half-dashed (the first half dashed, the
711 second half solid) or half-solid (the first half solid, the second
714 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
724 @funindex \slurDashPattern
725 @funindex slurDashPattern
726 @cindex slur, defining dash patterns
728 Custom dash patterns for slurs can be defined:
730 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
732 \slurDashPattern #0.7 #0.75
734 \slurDashPattern #0.5 #2.0
752 @code{\slurHalfDashed},
753 @code{\slurHalfSolid},
754 @code{\slurDashPattern},
761 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
762 {using-double-slurs-for-legato-chords.ly}
764 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
765 {positioning-text-markups-inside-slurs.ly}
767 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
768 {making-slurs-with-complex-dash-structure.ly}
775 @rlearning{On the un-nestedness of brackets and ties}.
778 @ref{Direction and placement},
779 @ref{Phrasing slurs}.
782 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
789 @unnumberedsubsubsec Phrasing slurs
791 @cindex phrasing slurs
792 @cindex phrasing marks
793 @cindex slur, phrasing
794 @cindex mark, phrasing
798 @notation{Phrasing slurs} (or phrasing marks) that indicate a
799 musical sentence are written using the commands @code{\(} and
800 @code{\)} respectively:
802 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
807 @funindex \phrasingSlurUp
808 @funindex phrasingSlurUp
809 @funindex \phrasingSlurDown
810 @funindex phrasingSlurDown
811 @funindex \phrasingSlurNeutral
812 @funindex phrasingSlurNeutral
814 Typographically, a phrasing slur behaves almost exactly like a
815 normal slur. However, they are treated as different objects; a
816 @code{\slurUp} will have no effect on a phrasing slur. Phrasing
817 may be manually placed above or below the staff; see
818 @ref{Direction and placement}.
820 @cindex simultaneous phrasing slurs
821 @cindex multiple phrasing slurs
822 @cindex slur, simultaneous phrasing
823 @cindex slur, multiple phrasing
824 @cindex phrasing slur, simultaneous
825 @cindex phrasing slur, multiple
827 Simultaneous or overlapping phrasing slurs are not permitted.
829 @funindex phrasingSlurDashed
830 @funindex \phrasingSlurDashed
831 @funindex \phrasingSlurDotted
832 @funindex phrasingSlurDotted
833 @funindex \phrasingSlurSolid
834 @funindex phrasingSlurSolid
835 @cindex phrasing slur, dashed
836 @cindex dashed phrasing slur
837 @cindex phrasing slur, dotted
838 @cindex dotted phrasing slurs
839 @cindex slur, dashed phrasing
840 @cindex slur, dotted phrasing
842 Phrasing slurs can be solid, dotted, or dashed. Solid is the default
843 style for phrasing slurs:
845 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
855 @funindex phrasingSlurHalfDashed
856 @funindex \phrasingSlurHalfDashed
857 @funindex \phrasingSlurHalfSolid
858 @funindex phrasingSlurHalfSolid
859 @cindex phrasing slur, half solid and half dashed
860 @cindex slur, half solid and half dashed phrasing
862 Phrasing slurs can also be made half-dashed (the first half dashed, the
863 second half solid) or half-solid (the first half solid, the second
866 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
868 \phrasingSlurHalfDashed
870 \phrasingSlurHalfSolid
876 @funindex \phrasingSlurDashPattern
877 @funindex phrasingSlurDashPattern
878 @cindex phrasing slur, defining dash patterns
879 @cindex slur, phrasing, defining dash patterns
880 @cindex slur, defining dash patterns for phrasing
882 Custom dash patterns for phrasing slurs can be defined:
884 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
886 \phrasingSlurDashPattern #0.7 #0.75
888 \phrasingSlurDashPattern #0.5 #2.0
894 Dash pattern definitions for phrasing slurs have the same structure
895 as dash pattern definitions for slurs. For more information about
896 complex dash patterns, see the snippets under @ref{Slurs}.
899 @code{\phrasingSlurUp},
900 @code{\phrasingSlurDown},
901 @code{\phrasingSlurNeutral},
902 @code{\phrasingSlurDashed},
903 @code{\phrasingSlurDotted},
904 @code{\phrasingSlurHalfDashed},
905 @code{\phrasingSlurHalfSolid},
906 @code{\phrasingSlurDashPattern},
907 @code{\phrasingSlurSolid}.
912 @rlearning{On the un-nestedness of brackets and ties}.
915 @ref{Direction and placement},
919 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
922 @rinternals{PhrasingSlur}.
926 @unnumberedsubsubsec Breath marks
933 Breath marks are entered using @code{\breathe}:
935 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
939 A breath mark will end an automatic beam; to override this behavior, see
942 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
946 Musical indicators for breath marks in ancient notation,
947 divisiones, are supported. For details, see @ref{Divisiones}.
952 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
953 {changing-the-breath-mark-symbol.ly}
956 @cindex railroad tracks
958 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
959 {inserting-a-caesura.ly}
969 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
972 @rinternals{BreathingEvent},
973 @rinternals{BreathingSign},
974 @rinternals{Breathing_sign_engraver}.
977 @node Falls and doits
978 @unnumberedsubsubsec Falls and doits
985 @notation{Falls} and @notation{doits} can be added to notes using
986 the @code{\bendAfter} command. The direction of the fall or doit
987 is indicated with a plus or minus (up or down). The number
988 indicates the pitch interval that the fall or doit will extend
989 @emph{beyond} the main note.
991 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1000 The dash @code{-} immediately preceding the @code{\bendAfter}
1001 command is @emph{required} when writing falls and doits.
1006 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
1007 {adjusting-the-shape-of-falls-and-doits.ly}
1015 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
1018 @node Expressive marks as lines
1019 @subsection Expressive marks as lines
1021 This section explains how to create various expressive marks that
1022 follow a linear path: glissandos, arpeggios, and trills.
1031 @unnumberedsubsubsec Glissando
1034 @funindex \glissando
1037 A @notation{glissando} is created by attaching @code{\glissando}
1040 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1045 Different styles of glissandi can be created. For details, see
1050 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
1051 {glissandi-can-skip-grobs.ly}
1053 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
1054 {contemporary-glissando.ly}
1064 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
1066 Internals Reference:
1067 @rinternals{Glissando}.
1070 Printing text over the line (such as @notation{gliss.}) is not
1075 @unnumberedsubsubsec Arpeggio
1078 @cindex broken chord
1079 @cindex chord, broken
1083 @funindex \arpeggioArrowUp
1084 @funindex arpeggioArrowUp
1085 @funindex \arpeggioArrowDown
1086 @funindex arpeggioArrowDown
1087 @funindex \arpeggioNormal
1088 @funindex arpeggioNormal
1090 An @notation{arpeggio} on a chord (also known as a broken chord)
1091 is denoted by appending @code{\arpeggio} to the chord construct:
1093 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
1097 Different types of arpeggios may be written.
1098 @code{\arpeggioNormal} reverts to a normal arpeggio:
1100 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
1113 @cindex arpeggio symbols, special
1114 @cindex special arpeggio symbols
1116 @funindex \arpeggioBracket
1117 @funindex arpeggioBracket
1118 @funindex \arpeggioParenthesis
1119 @funindex arpeggioParenthesis
1120 @funindex \arpeggioParenthesisDashed
1121 @funindex arpeggioParenthesisDashed
1123 Special @emph{bracketed} arpeggio symbols can be created:
1125 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=1]
1131 \arpeggioParenthesis
1134 \arpeggioParenthesisDashed
1141 The dash properties of the parenthesis arpeggio are controlled
1142 with the @code{'dash-details} property, which is described at @ref{Slurs}.
1144 Arpeggios can be explicitly written out with ties. For more
1145 information, see @ref{Ties}.
1150 @code{\arpeggioArrowUp},
1151 @code{\arpeggioArrowDown},
1152 @code{\arpeggioNormal},
1153 @code{\arpeggioBracket},
1154 @code{\arpeggioParenthesis}
1155 @code{\arpeggioParenthesisDashed}.
1161 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
1162 {creating-cross-staff-arpeggios-in-a-piano-staff.ly}
1164 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
1165 {creating-cross-staff-arpeggios-in-other-contexts.ly}
1167 @lilypondfile[verbatim,quote,texidoc,doctitle]
1168 {creating-arpeggios-across-notes-in-different-voices.ly}
1179 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
1181 Internals Reference:
1182 @rinternals{Arpeggio},
1184 @rinternals{PianoStaff}.
1187 @cindex cross-staff parenthesis-style arpeggio
1188 @cindex arpeggio, parenthesis-style, cross-staff
1189 @cindex arpeggio, cross-staff parenthesis-style
1191 It is not possible to mix connected arpeggios and unconnected
1192 arpeggios in one @code{PianoStaff} at the same point in
1195 The parenthesis-style arpeggio brackets do not work for
1196 cross-staff arpeggios.
1200 @unnumberedsubsubsec Trills
1206 @funindex \startTrillSpan
1207 @funindex startTrillSpan
1208 @funindex \stopTrillSpan
1209 @funindex stopTrillSpan
1211 Short trills without an extender line are printed with
1212 @code{\trill}; see @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}.
1214 Longer trills with an extender line are made with
1215 @code{\startTrillSpan} and @code{\stopTrillSpan}:
1217 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1224 A trill spanner crossing a line break will restart exactly above
1225 the first note on the new line.
1227 @lilypond[ragged-right,verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1235 Consecutive trill spans will work without explicit
1236 @code{\stopTrillSpan} commands, since successive trill spanners will
1237 automatically become the right bound of the previous trill.
1239 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1247 Trills can also be combined with grace notes. The syntax of this
1248 construct and the method to precisely position the grace notes are
1249 described in @ref{Grace notes}.
1251 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1253 d1\startTrillSpan { c32[ d]\stopTrillSpan }
1257 @cindex pitched trills
1258 @cindex trills, pitched
1259 @funindex \pitchedTrill
1260 @funindex pitchedTrill
1262 Trills that require an auxiliary note with an explicit pitch can
1263 be typeset with the @code{\pitchedTrill} command. The first
1264 argument is the main note, and the second is the @emph{trilled}
1265 note, printed as a stemless note head in parentheses.
1267 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1269 d2\startTrillSpan fis
1275 @cindex pitched trill with accidental
1276 @cindex trill with accidental
1278 Subsequent accidentals of the same note in the same measure will need
1279 to be added manually. Only the accidental of the first pitched trill
1280 in a measure is printed.
1282 @lilypond[verbatim,quote,relative=2]
1284 eis4\startTrillSpan fis
1287 eis4\startTrillSpan cis
1290 eis4\startTrillSpan fis
1293 eis4\startTrillSpan fis!
1298 @code{\startTrillSpan},
1299 @code{\stopTrillSpan}.
1307 @ref{Articulations and ornamentations},
1311 @rlsr{Expressive marks}.
1313 Internals Reference:
1314 @rinternals{TrillSpanner}.