Doc: [nl] add tutorial.itely.

[lilypond.git] / Documentation / nl / notation / spacing.itely

\input texinfo @c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; documentlanguage: nl -*-
@c This file is part of notation.tely
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@c -*- coding: utf-8; mode: texinfo; -*-
@c \version "2.12.0"
@node Spacing issues
@chapter Spacing issues

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@c ode{\score @{...@}} blocks and contains settings that
@menu
* Paper and pages::
* Music layout::
* Breaks::
* Vertical spacing::
* Horizontal spacing::
* Fitting music onto fewer pages::
@end menu

@node Paper and pages
@section Paper and pages

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@menu
* Paper size::
* Page formatting::
@end menu

@node Paper size
@subsection Paper size

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@c index paper size
@c index page size
@c ode{set-default-paper-size} and @code{set-paper-size}.
@c ode{set-default-paper-size} must be placed in the toplevel
@c ode{set-default-paper-size} sets the size of all pages, whereas
@c ode{set-paper-size} only sets the size of the pages that the
@c ode{\paper} block applies to.  For example, if the @code{\paper}
@c ode{\book}, then the paper size will only apply to that book.
@c ode{letter}, @code{legal}, and @code{11x17} (also known as
@c TODO add a new appendix for paper sizes (auto-generated) -pm
@c ode{paper-alist} in the initialization file
@c index orientation
@c index landscape
@c ode{set-default-paper-size}, pages will be rotated by 90
@node Page formatting
@subsection Page formatting

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@menu
* Vertical dimensions::
* Horizontal dimensions::
* Other layout variables::
@end menu

@node Vertical dimensions
@unnumberedsubsubsec Vertical dimensions

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@c ode{6\mm}.
@c ode{evenHeaderMarkup}) and the title markup
@c ode{5\mm}.
@c ode{in}, @code{pt}, and @code{cm} are variables defined in
@c ode{\paper} block, @code{page-music-height} and
@c ode{page-make-stencil}.  The former tells the line-breaking algorithm
@ref{Vertical spacing between systems}.
@node Horizontal dimensions
@unnumberedsubsubsec Horizontal dimensions

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@c ode{left-margin}, @code{indent}, and @code{short-indent} may
@c ode{set-default-paper-size} or @code{set-paper-size}.
@c ode{set-default-paper-size} or @code{set-paper-size}.
@c ode{20\mm}, as determined by @code{set-default-paper-size} or
@c ode{set-paper-size}.
@c ode{set-default-paper-size} or @code{set-paper-size}.
@c ode{line-width}.
@node Other layout variables
@unnumberedsubsubsec Other layout variables

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@c ode{5}.
@c ode{#1}.
@c ode{between-system-padding} is set to something different than
@ref{Vertical spacing between systems}.
@c ode{1.4}.  For details, see
@ref{Vertical spacing between systems}.
@c ode{##t}.
@c ode{##f}.
@node Music layout
@section Music layout

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@menu
* Setting the staff size::
* Score layout::
@end menu

@node Setting the staff size
@subsection Setting the staff size

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@c index font size, setting
@c index staff size, setting
@quotation
@c modern rental material?
@end quotation
@c ode{fontSize} and the layout property @code{staff-space} (in
@ref{Selecting notation font size}.
@c ode{layout-set-staff-size} does not change the distance between the
@node Score layout
@subsection Score layout

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@ref{Changing context default settings}.
@node Breaks
@section Breaks

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@menu
* Line breaking::
* Page breaking::
* Optimal page breaking::
* Optimal page turning::
* Minimal page breaking::
* Explicit breaks::
* Using an extra voice for breaks::
@end menu

@node Line breaking
@subsection Line breaking

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@c index line breaks
@c index breaking lines
@c ode{\break}. This will force a line break at this point.  However,
@c TODO Check and add para on default for ragged-right
@c index regular line breaks
@c index four bar music.
@c TODO Check this
@c ode{\break},
@c ode{\noBreak}.
@c ode{\override Beam #'breakable = ##t}.
@node Page breaking
@subsection Page breaking

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@c ode{\pageBreak} or @code{\noPageBreak} commands.  These commands are
@c ode{ragged-last} which have the same effect on vertical spacing:
@c ode{ragged-bottom} and @code{ragged-last-bottom}.  If set to
@c ode{##t} the systems on all pages or just the last page
@c ode{ly:optimal-breaking}, @code{ly:page-turn-breaking} and
@c ode{ly:minimal-breaking}.  The default is @code{ly:optimal-breaking},
@c ode{\pageBreak},
@c ode{\noPageBreak}.
@node Optimal page breaking
@subsection Optimal page breaking

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@c ode{ly:page-turn-breaking}, it has no concept of page turns.
@node Optimal page turning
@subsection Optimal page turning

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@c ode{\allowPageTurn} will be inserted at the final @q{special} bar line in
@c ode{minimumPageTurnLength} to determine how long a note-free section must
@c ode{minimumPageTurnLength} is @code{#(ly:make-moment 1 1)}.  If you want
@c ode{minimumRepeatLengthForPageTurn} then the @code{Page_turn_engraver} will
@c ode{\allowPageTurn}, may also be used at top-level, between scores and
@c ode{\pageTurn},
@c ode{\noPageTurn},
@c ode{\allowPageTurn}.
@node Minimal page breaking
@subsection Minimal page breaking

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@node Explicit breaks
@subsection Explicit breaks

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@c ode{page-break-permission} is overridden to false, Lily will insert
@node Using an extra voice for breaks
@subsection Using an extra voice for breaks

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@c ode{line-break-system-details} and the other useful but long properties of
@c ode{NonMusicalPaperColumnGrob}, as explained in @ref{Vertical spacing}.
@ref{Vertical spacing}.
@node Vertical spacing
@section Vertical spacing

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@c index vertical spacing
@c index spacing, vertical
@menu
* Vertical spacing inside a system::
* Vertical spacing between systems::
* Explicit staff and system positioning::
* Two-pass vertical spacing::
* Vertical collision avoidance::
@end menu

@node Vertical spacing inside a system
@subsection Vertical spacing inside a system

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@c index distance between staves
@c index staff distance
@c index space between staves
@c index space inside systems
@c ode{max-stretch} is set to zero, disabling stretching. To enable
@c ode{keep-fixed-while-stretching} property of
@c ode{VerticalAlignment} object.  The context parameters
@c @lsr{spacing,page-spacing.ly},
@c @lsr{spacing,alignment-vertical-spacing.ly}.
@node Vertical spacing between systems
@subsection Vertical spacing between systems

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@c ode{page-limit-inter-system-space} variable in the @code{\paper}
@c ode{1.3} means that the space can be 30% larger than what it would be
@c ode{1}, the spacing would the same as on a ragged-bottom page, like
@node Explicit staff and system positioning
@subsection Explicit staff and system positioning

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@c ode{NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-system-details}.  Where
@c ode{VerticalAxisGroup} and @code{\paper} settings specify vertical padding,
@c ode{NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-system-details} specifies exact
@c ode{NonMusicalPaperColumn #'line-break-system-details} accepts an associative
@c ode{\override} command in @code{\context} blocks and in the
@c ode{\with} block.  On the other hand, when we override
@c ode{NonMusicalPaperColumn} in the middle of note entry,
@c ode{\overrideProperty} command:
@c \book { } is required in these examples to ensure the spacing
@c overrides can be seen between systems. -np
@c ode{line-break-system-details} attribute of the
@c ode{NonMusicalPaperColumn} grob.  Though the
@c ode{line-break-system-details} attribute alist accepts many
@c ode{X-offset} pair), we need only set the @code{Y-offset} and
@c ode{alignment-offsets} pairs to control the vertical startpoint of
@c ode{Y-offset} and @code{alignment-offsets} are interpreted as multiples
@node Two-pass vertical spacing
@subsection Two-pass vertical spacing

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@quotation
@end quotation
@node Vertical collision avoidance
@subsection Vertical collision avoidance

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@c ode{outside-staff-priority} tells LilyPond in which order the objects
@c ode{outside-staff-priority} (in increasing order).  One by one, LilyPond
@c ode{outside-staff-padding}.
@node Horizontal spacing
@section Horizontal spacing

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@c index horizontal spacing
@c index spacing, horizontal
@menu
* Horizontal spacing overview::
* New spacing area::
* Changing horizontal spacing::
* Line length::
* Proportional notation::
@end menu

@node Horizontal spacing overview
@subsection Horizontal spacing overview

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@c ode{shortest-duration-space} in the @rinternals{SpacingSpanner}
@c ode{spacing-increment}) of space to the note.
@c ode{shortest-duration-space} is set to 2.0, meaning that the
@c ode{spacing-increment}) of horizontal space.  This space is counted
@c ode{lilypond} with the @code{--verbose} option.
@c ode{common-shortest-duration} in @rinternals{SpacingSpanner}, then
@c (see @rlearning{Engraving}), 
@c ode{stem-spacing-correction} property in the
@node New spacing area
@subsection New spacing area

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@c ode{newSpacingSection}.  This is useful when there are
@c ode{SpacingSpanner} object, and hence new @code{\override}s
@node Changing horizontal spacing
@subsection Changing horizontal spacing

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@c ode{base-shortest-duration} property.  Here
@c ode{Score.SpacingSpanner #'uniform-stretching}.  This
@node Line length
@subsection Line length

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@c index page breaks
@c index breaking pages
@c Although line-width can be set in \layout, it should be set in paper
@c block, to get page layout right.
@c Setting indent in \paper block makes not much sense, but it works.
@c Bit verbose and vague, use examples?
@c ode{line-width}.  They are set in the @code{\layout} block.  They
@c index page layout
@c index vertical spacing
@c Note that for text there are several options for the last line.
@c While Knuth TeX uses natural length, lead typesetters use the same
@c stretch as the previous line.  eTeX uses \lastlinefit to
@c interpolate between both these solutions.
@node Proportional notation
@subsection Proportional notation

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@c ode{\context} block, or directly in music entry
@c ode{#(ly:make-moment 1 16)}, @code{#(ly:make-moment 1 8)}, and
@c ode{#(ly:make-moment 3 97)} are all possible as well.
@c ode{proportionalNotationDuration}?  Usually by a process of trial and error,
@c ode{SpacingSpanner}.
@c ode{\newSpacingSection}.  See @ref{New spacing area}, for more info.
@ref{New spacing area}.
@node Fitting music onto fewer pages
@section Fitting music onto fewer pages

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@ref{Displaying spacing}.
@menu
* Displaying spacing::
* Changing spacing::
@end menu

@node Displaying spacing
@subsection Displaying spacing

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@c index spacing, display of layout
@c ode{annotate-spacing} in the @code{\paper} block:
@c need to have \book{} otherwise we get the separate systems. -hwn
@c ode{staff-spaces}, and the @code{staff-size} is 20 points (the
@c ode{staff-spaces} is equivalent to 105 millimeters, the height
@ref{Setting the staff size}.
@node Changing spacing
@subsection Changing spacing

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@ref{Page formatting},
@ref{Changing horizontal spacing}.

@c -- SKELETON FILE --