3 ### Produce LaTeX and HTML tables from R objects.
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5 ### Copyright 2000-2012 David B. Dahl <dahl@stat.tamu.edu>
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7 ### Maintained by Charles Roosen <croosen@mango-solutions.com>
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9 ### This file is part of the `xtable' library for R and related languages.
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10 ### It is made available under the terms of the GNU General Public
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11 ### License, version 2, or at your option, any later version,
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12 ### incorporated herein by reference.
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14 ### This program is distributed in the hope that it will be
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15 ### useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
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16 ### warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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17 ### PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
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20 ### You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
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21 ### License along with this program; if not, write to the Free
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22 ### Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston,
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23 ### MA 02111-1307, USA
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24 print.xtable <- function(
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30 floating.environment="table",
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31 table.placement="ht",
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32 caption.placement="bottom",
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33 latex.environments=c("center"),
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34 tabular.environment="tabular",
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36 hline.after=c(-1,0,nrow(x)),
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38 include.rownames=TRUE,
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39 include.colnames=TRUE,
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40 only.contents=FALSE,
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42 sanitize.text.function=NULL,
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43 sanitize.rownames.function=sanitize.text.function,
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44 sanitize.colnames.function=sanitize.text.function,
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45 math.style.negative=FALSE,
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46 html.table.attributes="border=1",
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50 # Claudio Agostinelli <claudio@unive.it> dated 2006-07-28 hline.after
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51 # By default it print an \hline before and after the columns names independently they are printed or not and at the end of the table
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52 # Old code that set hline.after should include c(-1, 0, nrow(x)) in the hline.after vector
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53 # If you do not want any \hline inside the data, set hline.after to NULL
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54 # PHEADER instead the string '\\hline\n' is used in the code
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55 # Now hline.after counts how many time a position appear
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56 # I left an automatic PHEADER in the longtable is this correct?
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58 # Claudio Agostinelli <claudio@unive.it> dated 2006-07-28 include.rownames, include.colnames
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60 if (include.rownames) pos <- 1
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62 # Claudio Agostinelli <claudio@unive.it> dated 2006-07-28 hline.after checks
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63 if (any(hline.after < -1) | any(hline.after > nrow(x))) stop("'hline.after' must be inside [-1, nrow(x)]")
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65 # Claudio Agostinelli <claudio@unive.it> dated 2006-07-28 add.to.row checks
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66 if (!is.null(add.to.row)) {
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67 if (is.list(add.to.row) && length(add.to.row)==2) {
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68 if (is.null(names(add.to.row))) {
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69 names(add.to.row) <- c('pos', 'command')
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70 } else if (any(sort(names(add.to.row))!=c('command', 'pos'))) {
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71 stop("the names of the elements of 'add.to.row' must be 'pos' and 'command'")
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73 if (is.list(add.to.row$pos) && is.vector(add.to.row$command, mode='character')) {
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74 if ((npos <- length(add.to.row$pos)) != length(add.to.row$command)) {
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75 stop("the length of 'add.to.row$pos' must be equal to the length of 'add.to.row$command'")
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77 if (any(unlist(add.to.row$pos) < -1) | any(unlist(add.to.row$pos) > nrow(x))) {
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78 stop("the values in add.to.row$pos must be inside the interval [-1, nrow(x)]")
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81 stop("the first argument ('pos') of 'add.to.row' must be a list, the second argument ('command') must be a vector of mode character")
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84 stop("'add.to.row' argument must be a list of length 2")
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87 add.to.row <- list(pos=list(), command=vector(length=0, mode="character"))
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91 # Claudio Agostinelli <claudio@unive.it> dated 2006-07-28 add.to.row
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92 # Add further commands at the end of rows
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93 if (type=="latex") {
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94 PHEADER <- "\\hline\n"
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99 lastcol <- rep(" ", nrow(x)+2)
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100 if (!is.null(hline.after)) {
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101 add.to.row$pos[[npos+1]] <- hline.after
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102 add.to.row$command <- c(add.to.row$command, PHEADER)
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104 if ( length(add.to.row$command) > 0 ) {
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105 for (i in 1:length(add.to.row$command)) {
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106 addpos <- add.to.row$pos[[i]]
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107 freq <- table(addpos)
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108 addpos <- unique(addpos)
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109 for (j in 1:length(addpos)) {
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110 lastcol[addpos[j]+2] <- paste(lastcol[addpos[j]+2], paste(rep(add.to.row$command[i], freq[j]), sep="", collapse=""), sep=" ")
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115 if (length(type)>1) stop("\"type\" must have length 1")
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116 type <- tolower(type)
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117 if (!all(!is.na(match(type,c("latex","html"))))) stop("\"type\" must be in {\"latex\", \"html\"}")
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118 if (!all(!is.na(match(floating.environment,c("table","table*","sidewaystable"))))) stop("\"type\" must be in {\"table\", \"table*\", \"sidewaystable\"}")
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119 if (!is.null(table.placement) && !all(!is.na(match(unlist(strsplit(table.placement, split="")),c("H","h","t","b","p","!"))))) {
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120 stop("\"table.placement\" must contain only elements of {\"h\",\"t\",\"b\",\"p\",\"!\"}")
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122 if (!all(!is.na(match(caption.placement,c("bottom","top"))))) stop("\"caption.placement\" must be either {\"bottom\",\"top\"}")
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124 if (type=="latex") {
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127 # See e-mail from "John S. Walker <jsw9c@uic.edu>" dated 5-19-2003 regarding "texfloat"
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128 # See e-mail form "Fernando Henrique Ferraz P. da Rosa" <academic@feferraz.net>" dated 10-28-2005 regarding "longtable"
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129 if ( tabular.environment == "longtable" & floating == TRUE ) {
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130 warning("Attempt to use \"longtable\" with floating=TRUE. Changing to FALSE.")
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133 if ( floating == TRUE ) {
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134 # See e-mail from "Pfaff, Bernhard <Bernhard.Pfaff@drkw.com>" dated 7-09-2003 regarding "suggestion for an amendment of the source"
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135 # See e-mail from "Mitchell, David" <David.Mitchell@dotars.gov.au>" dated 2003-07-09 regarding "Additions to R xtable package"
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136 # See e-mail from "Garbade, Sven" <Sven.Garbade@med.uni-heidelberg.de> dated 2006-05-22 regarding the floating environment.
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137 BTABLE <- paste("\\begin{", floating.environment, "}",ifelse(!is.null(table.placement),
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138 paste("[",table.placement,"]",sep=""),""),"\n",sep="")
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139 if ( is.null(latex.environments) || (length(latex.environments)==0) ) {
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146 for ( i in 1:length(latex.environments) ) {
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147 if ( latex.environments[i] == "" ) next
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148 BENVIRONMENT <- paste(BENVIRONMENT, "\\begin{",latex.environments[i],"}\n",sep="")
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149 EENVIRONMENT <- paste("\\end{",latex.environments[i],"}\n",EENVIRONMENT,sep="")
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152 ETABLE <- paste("\\end{", floating.environment, "}\n", sep="")
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161 tmp.index.start <- 1
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162 if ( ! include.rownames ) {
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163 while ( attr(x,"align",exact=TRUE)[tmp.index.start] == '|' ) tmp.index.start <- tmp.index.start + 1
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164 tmp.index.start <- tmp.index.start + 1
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166 BTABULAR <- paste("\\begin{",tabular.environment,"}{",
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167 paste(c(attr(x, "align",exact=TRUE)[tmp.index.start:length(attr(x,"align",exact=TRUE))], "}\n"),
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168 sep="", collapse=""),
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171 ## fix 10-26-09 (robert.castelo@upf.edu) the following 'if' condition is added here to support
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172 ## a caption on the top of a longtable
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173 if (tabular.environment == "longtable" && caption.placement=="top") {
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174 BCAPTION <- "\\caption{"
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175 ECAPTION <- "} \\\\ \n"
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176 if ((!is.null(attr(x,"caption",exact=TRUE))) && (type=="latex")) BTABULAR <- paste(BTABULAR, BCAPTION, attr(x,"caption",exact=TRUE), ECAPTION, sep="")
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178 # Claudio Agostinelli <claudio@unive.it> dated 2006-07-28 add.to.row position -1
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179 BTABULAR <- paste(BTABULAR,lastcol[1], sep="")
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180 # the \hline at the end, if present, is set in full matrix
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181 ETABULAR <- paste("\\end{",tabular.environment,"}\n",sep="")
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183 # BSIZE contributed by Benno <puetz@mpipsykl.mpg.de> in e-mail dated Wednesday, December 01, 2004
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184 if (is.null(size) || !is.character(size)) {
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188 if(length(grep("^\\\\",size))==0){
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189 size <- paste("\\",size,sep="")
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191 BSIZE <- paste("{",size,"\n",sep="")
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194 BLABEL <- "\\label{"
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196 BCAPTION <- "\\caption{"
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207 # Based on contribution from Jonathan Swinton <jonathan@swintons.net> in e-mail dated Wednesday, January 17, 2007
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208 sanitize <- function(str) {
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210 result <- gsub("\\\\","SANITIZE.BACKSLASH",result)
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211 result <- gsub("$","\\$",result,fixed=TRUE)
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212 result <- gsub(">","$>$",result,fixed=TRUE)
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213 result <- gsub("<","$<$",result,fixed=TRUE)
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214 result <- gsub("|","$|$",result,fixed=TRUE)
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215 result <- gsub("{","\\{",result,fixed=TRUE)
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216 result <- gsub("}","\\}",result,fixed=TRUE)
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217 result <- gsub("%","\\%",result,fixed=TRUE)
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218 result <- gsub("&","\\&",result,fixed=TRUE)
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219 result <- gsub("_","\\_",result,fixed=TRUE)
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220 result <- gsub("#","\\#",result,fixed=TRUE)
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221 result <- gsub("^","\\verb|^|",result,fixed=TRUE)
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222 result <- gsub("~","\\~{}",result,fixed=TRUE)
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223 result <- gsub("SANITIZE.BACKSLASH","$\\backslash$",result,fixed=TRUE)
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226 sanitize.numbers <- function(x) {
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228 if ( math.style.negative ) {
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229 # Jake Bowers <jwbowers@illinois.edu> in e-mail from 2008-08-20 suggested
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230 # disabling this feature to avoid problems with LaTeX's dcolumn package.
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231 # by Florian Wickelmaier <florian.wickelmaier@uni-tuebingen.de> in e-mail
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232 # from 2008-10-03 requested the ability to use the old behavior.
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233 for(i in 1:length(x)) {
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234 result[i] <- gsub("-","$-$",result[i],fixed=TRUE)
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239 sanitize.final <- function(result) {
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243 BCOMMENT <- "<!-- "
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244 ECOMMENT <- " -->\n"
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245 BTABLE <- paste("<TABLE ",html.table.attributes,">\n",sep="")
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246 ETABLE <- "</TABLE>\n"
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253 BLABEL <- "<A NAME="
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254 ELABEL <- "></A>\n"
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255 BCAPTION <- paste("<CAPTION ALIGN=\"",caption.placement,"\"> ",sep="")
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256 ECAPTION <- " </CAPTION>\n"
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261 STH <- " </TH> <TH> "
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262 BTD1 <- " <TD align=\""
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263 align.tmp <- attr(x,"align",exact=TRUE)
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264 align.tmp <- align.tmp[align.tmp!="|"]
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265 BTD2 <- matrix(align.tmp[(2-pos):(ncol(x)+1)],nrow=nrow(x),ncol=ncol(x)+pos,byrow=TRUE)
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266 # Based on contribution from Jonathan Swinton <jonathan@swintons.net> in e-mail dated Wednesday, January 17, 2007
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267 BTD2[regexpr("^p",BTD2)>0] <- "left"
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268 BTD2[BTD2=="r"] <- "right"
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269 BTD2[BTD2=="l"] <- "left"
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270 BTD2[BTD2=="c"] <- "center"
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273 sanitize <- function(str) {
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275 result <- gsub("&","& ",result,fixed=TRUE)
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276 result <- gsub(">","> ",result,fixed=TRUE)
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277 result <- gsub("<","< ",result,fixed=TRUE)
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278 # Kurt Hornik <Kurt.Hornik@wu-wien.ac.at> on 2006/10/05 recommended not escaping underscores.
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279 # result <- gsub("_", "\\_", result, fixed=TRUE)
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282 sanitize.numbers <- function(x) {
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285 sanitize.final <- function(result) {
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286 # Suggested by Uwe Ligges <ligges@statistik.uni-dortmund.de> in e-mail dated 2005-07-30.
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287 result$text <- gsub(" *"," ", result$text,fixed=TRUE)
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288 result$text <- gsub(' align="left"', "", result$text,fixed=TRUE)
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293 result <- string("",file=file,append=append)
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294 info <- R.Version()
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295 # modified Claudio Agostinelli <claudio@unive.it> dated 2006-07-28 to set automatically the package version
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296 result <- result + BCOMMENT + type + " table generated in " +
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297 info$language + " " + info$major + "." + info$minor + " by xtable " + packageDescription('xtable')$Version + " package" + ECOMMENT
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298 result <- result + BCOMMENT + date() + ECOMMENT
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299 # Claudio Agostinelli <claudio@unive.it> dated 2006-07-28 only.contents
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300 if (!only.contents) {
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301 result <- result + BTABLE
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302 result <- result + BENVIRONMENT
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303 if ( floating == TRUE ) {
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304 if ((!is.null(attr(x,"caption",exact=TRUE))) && (type=="html" || caption.placement=="top")) result <- result + BCAPTION + attr(x,"caption",exact=TRUE) + ECAPTION
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305 if (!is.null(attr(x,"label",exact=TRUE)) && (type=="latex" && caption.placement=="top")) result <- result + BLABEL + attr(x,"label",exact=TRUE) + ELABEL
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307 result <- result + BSIZE
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308 result <- result + BTABULAR
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310 # Claudio Agostinelli <claudio@unive.it> dated 2006-07-28 include.colnames, include.rownames
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311 if (include.colnames) {
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312 result <- result + BROW + BTH
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313 if (include.rownames) result <- result + STH
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314 if (is.null(sanitize.colnames.function)) { # David G. Whiting in e-mail 2007-10-09
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315 result <- result + paste(sanitize(names(x)),collapse=STH)
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317 result <- result + paste(sanitize.colnames.function(names(x)), collapse=STH) # David G. Whiting in e-mail 2007-10-09
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319 result <- result + ETH + EROW
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322 cols <- matrix("",nrow=nrow(x),ncol=ncol(x)+pos)
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323 if (include.rownames) {
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324 if (is.null(sanitize.rownames.function)) { # David G. Whiting in e-mail 2007-10-09
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325 cols[,1] <- sanitize(row.names(x))
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327 cols[,1] <- sanitize.rownames.function(row.names(x)) # David G. Whiting in e-mail 2007-10-09
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331 ## Begin vectorizing the formatting code by Ian Fellows [ian@fellstat.com]
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334 # disp <- function(y) {
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335 # if (is.factor(y)) {
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336 # y <- levels(y)[y]
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338 # if (is.list(y)) {
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343 varying.digits <- is.matrix( attr( x, "digits",exact=TRUE ) )
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344 # Code for letting "digits" be a matrix was provided by Arne Henningsen <ahenningsen@agric-econ.uni-kiel.de> in e-mail dated 2005-06-04.
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345 #if( !varying.digits ) {
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346 # modified Claudio Agostinelli <claudio@unive.it> dated 2006-07-28
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347 # attr(x,"digits") <- matrix( attr( x, "digits",exact=TRUE ), nrow = nrow(x), ncol = ncol(x)+1, byrow = TRUE )
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349 for(i in 1:ncol(x)) {
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351 if(is.factor(xcol))
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352 xcol <- as.character(xcol)
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354 xcol <- sapply(xcol,unlist)
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356 is.numeric.column <- is.numeric(xcol)
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358 if(is.character(xcol)) {
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359 cols[,i+pos] <- xcol
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361 if (is.null(format.args)){
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362 format.args <- list()
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364 if (is.null(format.args$decimal.mark)){
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365 format.args$decimal.mark <- options()$OutDec
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367 if(!varying.digits){
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368 curFormatArgs <- c(list(
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370 format = ifelse( attr( x, "digits",exact=TRUE )[i+1] < 0, "E",
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371 attr( x, "display",exact=TRUE )[i+1] ),
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372 digits = abs( attr( x, "digits",exact=TRUE )[i+1] )),
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374 cols[,i+pos] <- do.call("formatC", curFormatArgs)
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376 for( j in 1:nrow( cols ) ) {
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377 curFormatArgs <- c(list(
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379 format = ifelse( attr( x, "digits",exact=TRUE )[j,i+1] < 0, "E",
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380 attr( x, "display",exact=TRUE )[i+1] ),
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381 digits = abs( attr( x, "digits",exact=TRUE )[j,i+1] )),
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383 cols[j,i+pos] <- do.call("formatC", curFormatArgs)
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387 ## End Ian Fellows changes
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389 if ( any(ina) ) cols[ina,i+pos] <- NA.string
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390 # Based on contribution from Jonathan Swinton <jonathan@swintons.net> in e-mail dated Wednesday, January 17, 2007
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391 if ( is.numeric.column ) {
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392 cols[,i+pos] <- sanitize.numbers(cols[,i+pos])
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394 if (is.null(sanitize.text.function)) {
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395 cols[,i+pos] <- sanitize(cols[,i+pos])
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397 cols[,i+pos] <- sanitize.text.function(cols[,i+pos])
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403 full <- matrix("",nrow=nrow(x),ncol=multiplier*(ncol(x)+pos)+2)
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405 full[,multiplier*(0:(ncol(x)+pos-1))+2] <- BTD1
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406 full[,multiplier*(0:(ncol(x)+pos-1))+3] <- BTD2
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407 full[,multiplier*(0:(ncol(x)+pos-1))+4] <- BTD3
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408 full[,multiplier*(0:(ncol(x)+pos-1))+5] <- cols
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409 full[,multiplier*(0:(ncol(x)+pos-1))+6] <- ETD
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411 full[,multiplier*(ncol(x)+pos)+2] <- paste(EROW, lastcol[-(1:2)], sep=" ")
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412 if (type=="latex") full[,2] <- ""
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413 result <- result + lastcol[2] + paste(t(full),collapse="")
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414 if (!only.contents) {
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415 if (tabular.environment == "longtable") {
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416 result <- result + PHEADER
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417 ## fix 10-27-09 Liviu Andronic (landronimirc@gmail.com) the following 'if' condition is inserted in order to avoid
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418 ## that bottom caption interferes with a top caption of a longtable
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419 if(caption.placement=="bottom"){
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420 if ((!is.null(attr(x,"caption",exact=TRUE))) && (type=="latex")) result <- result + BCAPTION + attr(x,"caption",exact=TRUE) + ECAPTION
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422 if (!is.null(attr(x,"label",exact=TRUE))) result <- result + BLABEL + attr(x,"label",exact=TRUE) + ELABEL
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423 ETABULAR <- "\\end{longtable}\n"
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425 result <- result + ETABULAR
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426 result <- result + ESIZE
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427 if ( floating == TRUE ) {
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428 if ((!is.null(attr(x,"caption",exact=TRUE))) && (type=="latex" && caption.placement=="bottom")) result <- result + BCAPTION + attr(x,"caption",exact=TRUE) + ECAPTION
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429 if (!is.null(attr(x,"label",exact=TRUE)) && caption.placement=="bottom") result <- result + BLABEL + attr(x,"label",exact=TRUE) + ELABEL
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431 result <- result + EENVIRONMENT
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432 result <- result + ETABLE
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434 result <- sanitize.final(result)
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435 if (print.results){
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439 return(invisible(result$text))
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442 "+.string" <- function(x,y) {
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443 x$text <- paste(x$text,as.string(y)$text,sep="")
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447 print.string <- function(x,...) {
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448 cat(x$text,file=x$file,append=x$append)
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449 return(invisible())
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452 string <- function(text,file="",append=FALSE) {
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453 x <- list(text=text,file=file,append=append)
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454 class(x) <- "string"
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458 as.string <- function(x,file="",append=FALSE) {
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459 if (is.null(attr(x,"class",exact=TRUE)))
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460 switch(data.class(x),
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461 character=return(string(x,file,append)),
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462 numeric=return(string(as.character(x),file,append)),
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463 stop("Cannot coerse argument to a string"))
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464 if (class(x)=="string")
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466 stop("Cannot coerse argument to a string")
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469 is.string <- function(x) {
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470 return(class(x)=="string")
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