@menu
* Durations::
-* Augmentation dots::
* Tuplets::
* Scaling durations::
@end menu
you must use the @code{\longa} and @code{\breve} commands
@example
-c'\breve
-c'1 c'2 c'4 c'8 c'16 c'32 c'64 c'64
-r\longa r\breve
-r1 r2 r4 r8 r16 r32 r64 r64
+c'\longa c'\breve c'1 c'2 c'4 c'8 c'16 c'32 c'64 c'64
@end example
@lilypond[quote]
\score {
\relative c'' {
- a\breve*1/2 \autoBeamOff
+ a\longa*1/4 a\breve*1/2 \autoBeamOff
a1 a2 a4 a8 a16 a32 a64 a64
- \bar "empty"
- \break
- r\longa*1/4 r\breve *1/2
- r1 r2 r4 r8 r16 r32 r64 r64
}
\layout {
ragged-right = ##t
@end lilypond
-@node Augmentation dots
-@unnumberedsubsubsec Augmentation dots
-
@funindex .
To obtain dotted note lengths, simply add a dot (@samp{.}) to the
This manual: @ref{Tuplets}.
+
+
@node Writing rests
@subsection Writing rests
@menu
* Automatic beams::
* Manual beams::
-* Feathered beams::
@end menu
@node Automatic beams
LilyPond inserts beams automatically
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
-\time 2/4 c8 c c c \time 6/8 c c c c8. c16 c8
+\time 2/4 c8 c c c
+\time 6/8 c c c c8. c16 c8
@end lilypond
When these automatic decisions are not good enough, beaming can be
entered explicitly. It is also possible to define beaming
-patterns that differ from the defaults. See @ref{Setting
-automatic beam behavior}, for details.
+patterns that differ from the defaults. See @ref{Manual beams}
+and @ref{Setting automatic beam behavior}.
-Individual notes may be marked with @code{\noBeam} to prevent them
-from being beamed
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
-\time 2/4 c8 c\noBeam c c
+@commonprop
+
+Feathered beams are printed by setting the @code{grow-direction}
+property of a @code{Beam}. The @code{\featherDurations} function
+can be used to adjust note durations.
+
+@lilypond[ragged-right,relative=1,fragment,verbatim,quote]
+\override Beam #'grow-direction = #LEFT
+\featherDurations #(ly:make-moment 5 4)
+{
+ c16[ c c c c c c]
+}
@end lilypond
Program reference: @internalsref{Beam}.
+@refbugs
+
+The @code{\featherDurations} command only works with very short
+music snippets.
+
@node Manual beams
@unnumberedsubsubsec Manual beams
@cindex beams, manual
+
+Individual notes may be marked with @code{\noBeam} to prevent them
+from being beamed
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,fragment,verbatim,relative=2]
+\time 2/4 c8 c\noBeam c c
+@end lilypond
+
@funindex ]
@funindex [
as texts and accidentals.
-@node Feathered beams
-@unnumberedsubsubsec Feathered beams
-
-Feathered beams are printed by setting the @code{grow-direction}
-property of a @code{Beam}. The @code{\featherDurations} function
-can be used to adjust note durations.
-
-@lilypond[ragged-right,relative=1,fragment,verbatim,quote]
-\override Beam #'grow-direction = #LEFT
-\featherDurations #(ly:make-moment 5 4)
-{
- c16[ c c c c c c]
-}
-@end lilypond
-
-@refbugs
-
-The @code{\featherDurations} command only works with very short
-music snippets.
-
@node Bars
@subsection Bars
@menu
-* Bar check::
* Bar lines::
* Bar numbers::
-* Barnumber check::
+* Bar and bar number checks::
* Rehearsal marks::
@end menu
-@node Bar check
-@unnumberedsubsubsec Bar check
-
-@cindex Bar check
-@funindex barCheckSynchronize
-@funindex |
-
-Bar checks help detect errors in the durations. A bar check is
-entered using the bar symbol, @samp{|}. Whenever it is
-encountered during interpretation, it should fall on a measure
-boundary. If it does not, a warning is printed. In the next
-example, the second bar check will signal an error
-
-@example
-\time 3/4 c2 e4 | g2 |
-@end example
-
-Bar checks can also be used in lyrics, for example
-
-@example
-\lyricmode @{
- \time 2/4
- Twin -- kle | Twin -- kle
-@}
-@end example
-
-Failed bar checks are caused by entering incorrect durations.
-Incorrect durations often completely garble up the score,
-especially if the score is polyphonic, so a good place to start
-correcting input is by scanning for failed bar checks and
-incorrect durations.
-
-@funindex |
-@funindex pipeSymbol
-
-It is also possible to redefine the meaning of @code{|}. This is
-done by assigning a music expression to @code{pipeSymbol},
-
-@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
-pipeSymbol = \bar "||"
-
-{ c'2 c' | c'2 c' }
-@end lilypond
-
-
@node Bar lines
@unnumberedsubsubsec Bar lines
The following bar types are available
-@lilypondfile[ragged-right,quote]{bar-lines.ly}
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,relative=2,fragment,verbatim]
+ \override Score.RehearsalMark #'padding = #3
+
+ c4 \bar "|" \mark \markup { \simple #"|" }
+ c \bar "|:" \mark \markup { \simple #"|:" }
+ c \bar "||" \mark \markup { \simple #"||" }
+ c \bar ":|" \mark \markup { \simple #":|" }
+ c \bar ".|" \mark \markup { \simple #".|" }
+ c \bar ".|." \mark \markup { \simple #".|." }
+ c \bar ":|:" \mark \markup { \simple #":|:" }
+ c \bar "|." \mark \markup { \simple #"|." }
+ c \bar ":" \mark \markup { \simple #":" }
+ c c c \bar "dashed" \mark \markup { \simple #"dashed" }
+ c c c c
+ \bar "||:" \mark \markup { \tiny \typewriter "unbroken" \simple
+#"||:" }
+ c c c c
+ \break
+ \bar "||:" \mark \markup { \tiny \typewriter "broken" \simple
+#"||:" }
+ c
+@end lilypond
In addition, you can specify @code{"||:"}, which is equivalent to
@code{"|:"} except at line breaks, where it gives a double bar
example, whose source is available as
@lsr{staff,making-bar-numbers-appear-at-regular-intervals.ly}.
-@lilypondfile[ragged-right,quote]{bar-number-regular-interval.ly}
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote,fragment,relative]
+ \override Score.BarNumber #'break-visibility = #end-of-line-invisible
+ \set Score.barNumberVisibility = #(every-nth-bar-number-visible 4)
+ \override Score.BarNumber #'font-size = #2
+
+ \override Score.BarNumber #'stencil
+ = #(make-stencil-boxer 0.1 0.25 ly:text-interface::print)
+ \repeat unfold 5 { c1 } \bar "|"
+
+ \override Score.BarNumber #'stencil
+ = #(make-stencil-circler 0.1 0.25 ly:text-interface::print)
+ \repeat unfold 4 { c1 } \bar "|."
+@end lilypond
Bar numbers can be removed entirely by removing the Bar number
engraver from the score.
position the number correctly.
-@node Barnumber check
-@unnumberedsubsubsec Barnumber check
+@node Bar and bar number checks
+@unnumberedsubsubsec Bar and bar number checks
+
+@cindex Bar check
+@funindex barCheckSynchronize
+@funindex |
+
+Bar checks help detect errors in the durations. A bar check is
+entered using the bar symbol, @samp{|}. Whenever it is
+encountered during interpretation, it should fall on a measure
+boundary. If it does not, a warning is printed. In the next
+example, the second bar check will signal an error
+
+@example
+\time 3/4 c2 e4 | g2 |
+@end example
+
+Bar checks can also be used in lyrics, for example
+
+@example
+\lyricmode @{
+ \time 2/4
+ Twin -- kle | Twin -- kle
+@}
+@end example
+
+Failed bar checks are caused by entering incorrect durations.
+Incorrect durations often completely garble up the score,
+especially if the score is polyphonic, so a good place to start
+correcting input is by scanning for failed bar checks and
+incorrect durations.
+
+@funindex |
+@funindex pipeSymbol
+
+It is also possible to redefine the meaning of @code{|}. This is
+done by assigning a music expression to @code{pipeSymbol},
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
+pipeSymbol = \bar "||"
+
+{ c'2 c' | c'2 c' }
+@end lilypond
When copying large pieces of music, it can be helpful to check
that the LilyPond bar number corresponds to the original that you
expressions. Nesting or juxtaposing grace sections is not
supported, and might produce crashes or other errors.
-
@node Aligning to cadenzas
@unnumberedsubsubsec Aligning to cadenzas