--- /dev/null
+ ENABLE vs. TWL98\r
+ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ\r
+\r
+The NSA updated "Tournament Word List" (TWL98) is the official reference\r
+for tournament and club Scrabble (tm) play. It is available only to\r
+members of the NSA. Some time ago, a list purporting to be the TWL98 list\r
+appeared on the web. Because the TWL98 is not available to non-NSA\r
+members, we are unable to verify that the posted list is in fact identical\r
+to TWL98. However, Mendel and I believe it is likely that this list is\r
+in fact TWL98. It includes the publicized differences between TWL98\r
+and earlier lists, and also contains some of the same errors that\r
+characterized the DOOM list, from which the TWL98 list was supposedly\r
+derived.\r
+\r
+When we downloaded the purported TWL98 list, we immediately compared it to\r
+the original ENABLE list, discovering two errors in ENABLE, and five\r
+judgment calls where we felt that TWL98 had made better choices than\r
+we had. Accordingly, the words "discontinuaton" and "discontinuations",\r
+which were erroneously omitted from ENABLE, were added. Additionally the\r
+words "antidiabetics", "nonabstracts" and "overbreathings" were added.\r
+These are all inflections of words given in MW10 without a part of speech.\r
+However, all are plausible. Further, "antidiabetics" is listed in the\r
+MW Medical Dictionary, and "nonabstracts" in RH Unabridged. Whether to\r
+include these words is a judgment call, and we decided to add them.\r
+Finally, as part of the "plural reform" effort for ENABLE2K, the plural\r
+"salpiglosses", for which there is no evidence, was removed and replaced\r
+by "salpiglossises", which was the only plural listed by the purported\r
+TWL98. The omitted plural "tsutsugamushis", present in TWL98, was added\r
+as well.\r
+\r
+The remaining differences between ENABLE (without signature words or new\r
+MW10 words) and the purported TWL98 can be classified into three groups of\r
+words, two being systematic differences, and then a small set of\r
+miscellaneous differences. These differences are described below.\r
+\r
+The single biggest set of differences between purported TWL98 and ENABLE\r
+is the result of the ENABLE2K "plural reform" (see PLURALS.DOC). Through\r
+this effort, many questionable plurals in the earlier ENABLE (and in the\r
+purported TWL98) were deleted, and a few new plurals were added. The\r
+following plurals are present in the purported TWL98, but we can find no\r
+convincing evidence of their validity:\r
+\r
+amyloidosises\r
+appendicites\r
+appendicitides\r
+babesiosises\r
+bronchites\r
+bronchitides\r
+cellulitides\r
+cervicites\r
+cervicitides\r
+cholecystites\r
+cholecystitises\r
+conjunctivites\r
+dermatites\r
+diverticulites\r
+endocardites\r
+endocarditides\r
+endocytosises\r
+endometriosises\r
+endometrites\r
+endometritides\r
+eneterocolites\r
+eneterocolitides\r
+epididymites\r
+epididymitides\r
+fibrosites\r
+fibrositides\r
+folliculites\r
+folliculitides\r
+gingivites\r
+gingivitides\r
+hallucinosises\r
+heterozygosises\r
+homozygosises\r
+hyperhidrosises\r
+laryngites\r
+laryngitises\r
+leatherleafs\r
+leukocytosises\r
+lymphanites\r
+lymphanitides\r
+lymphocytosises\r
+mastoidites\r
+mastoiditises\r
+myelofibrosises\r
+myocarsites\r
+myocarsitides\r
+myxomatosises\r
+pediculosises\r
+pericardites\r
+pericarditises\r
+periostites\r
+periostitides\r
+peritonites\r
+peritonitides\r
+pneumonites\r
+pneumonitides\r
+pollenosises\r
+pollinosises\r
+prediabeteses\r
+premaxillas\r
+prostatites\r
+prostatitides\r
+saccharomyceses\r
+salpingites\r
+salpingitides\r
+scintillae\r
+spondylites\r
+spondylitides\r
+tendinites\r
+tendinitides\r
+tendonites\r
+tendonitides\r
+thyroidites\r
+thyroiditides\r
+tonsillites\r
+tonsillitides\r
+tracheites\r
+tracheitides\r
+trichinosises\r
+tympaniteses\r
+urethrites\r
+urethritides\r
+vaginitises\r
+valvulites\r
+valvulitides\r
+\r
+Similarly, the following plurals were added to ENABLE, but are not present\r
+in the purported TWL98:\r
+\r
+arteritises\r
+carditides\r
+gastritises\r
+uveitides\r
+vaginitides\r
+\r
+The other systematic source of differences between the purported TWL98 and\r
+ENABLE has to do with the "also called" words (see DOOM_ENA.DOC). When\r
+ENABLE was first released, one of its innovations was to add all the words\r
+from MW10 referenced from other entries using a phrase like "also called\r
+elliptical". These words are generally present in the purported TWL98 as\r
+well as in ENABLE, but the purported TWL98 tends to omit the plurals of\r
+"also-called" words which are nouns. Accordingly, the following plurals\r
+are present in ENABLE, but left out of the purported TWL98:\r
+\r
+diamondbacks\r
+ellipticals\r
+exponentials\r
+greaseproofs\r
+hypoglossals\r
+incandescents\r
+trigeminals\r
+\r
+\r
+Finally, we have a collection of miscellaneous differences between the two\r
+lists. An annotated list of these differences follows. A word preceded\r
+by a + is present in ENABLE but not in the purported TWL98, and the\r
+opposite for a word preceded by a -.\r
+\r
++anticolonials - "anticolonial" is listed by MW10 without a part of\r
+ speech. Random House Unabridged calls "anticolonial" a noun,\r
+ justifying the inclusion of a plural.\r
++antisubversives - MW10 lists no part of speech for "antisubversive".\r
+ While there is no evidence one way or the other, we find the\r
+ existence of a plural very plausible.\r
+-antitakeovers - Again, no part of speech is listed. We find this plural\r
+ implausible, and chose not to include it, despite a citation by RH\r
+ Unabridged.\r
+-bassett - This word was added to ENABLE as a result of the TWL98\r
+ announcement, as an "also called" word, referenced from the MW10\r
+ entry for "basset hound". The extra "t" was always a little\r
+ puzzling. The most recent edition of MW10 corrects the entry to\r
+ refer to "basset". We have therefore removed "bassett" and its\r
+ plural.\r
+-bassetts - See above.\r
++chlorenchymata - There are a number of "-enchyma" words in MW10, none of\r
+ which is given an explicit plural. TWL98 uses the plural form\r
+ -enchymata for some of them but not for others. In the absence of\r
+ hard evidence, we have chosen to list this form for all such words.\r
++grandstanded - The correct past tense of "grandstand".\r
+-grandstood - An absurd past tense of "grandstand".\r
++hypoglycemics - "hypoglycemic" is listed as a noun in MW10.\r
++interwrought - An implied past tense of "interwork".\r
+-kafkaesque - This word is capitalized in MW10, and is rightfully not\r
+ present in ENABLE2K.\r
++mediterranean - Listed in MW10.\r
+-nonconcurrents - "nonconcurrent" is listed by MW10 without a part of\r
+ speech. We consider this plural unconvincing and have chosen to\r
+ omit it, despite a citation by RH Unabridged.\r
++parenchymata - Another -enchyma plural (see above).\r
+-potshotted - A ridiculous past tense for "potshot", directly contradicted\r
+ by both the MW10 entry and by OSPD (tm).\r
++predischarged - "predischarge" is listed in MW10 without a part of speech.\r
+ We have given it verb tenses, based on the entry in RH Unabridged.\r
++predischarging - See above.\r
+-preluncheons - This is plausible, but "predinners" was removed from the\r
+ acceptable word list by the official TWL98 changes. If "predinners"\r
+ is invalid, then "preluncheons" is as well.\r
++premarketings - "premarketing" is listed by MW10 without a part of\r
+ speech. We believe it to be a noun, and have included a plural.\r
+ The situation is confused because the original TWL98 announcements\r
+ claimed that "premarketing" should be removed, despite its inclusion\r
+ in MW10.\r
+-schmaltzier - We believe "schamltzier" and "schmaltziest" to be valid\r
+ words. However, they cannot be justified on the basis of MW10. We\r
+ therefore omit them from the ENABLE list proper, and have added them\r
+ as "signature words".\r
+-schmaltziest - See above.\r
+-superheavies - "superheavy" is listed by MW10 without a part of speech.\r
+ We see no reason to suppose it should be considered a noun.\r
+-superjumbos - Similarly, we have no reason to imagine that "superjumbo"\r
+ is considered a noun.\r
++trapeziums - Listed in MW10.\r
+-ultrarights - Removed from ENABLE by analogy with the official TWL98's\r
+ rejection of "ultralefts".\r
+-uncoatings - "uncoating" is listed by MW10 without a part of speech. We\r
+ find this plural quite implausible, and can find no evidence that\r
+ "uncoating" is accepted as a noun.\r
+\r
+\r
+[It should be noted that the TWL98 addition of "starfruit" and\r
+"starfruits" was based on an error in the definition of the word\r
+"carambola" which has been corrected in the most recent editions of\r
+MW10. These words will be removed from the ENABLE2K list the next time\r
+it is revised.]\r
+\r
+\r
+---\r
+Scrabble is a trademark of the Milton Bradley Co., Inc.\r
+The OSPD is a trademark of the Milton Bradley Co., Inc.\r
+\r
+\r
+--Alan Beale\r
projects / deb_pkgs / scowl.git / blobdiff