--- /dev/null
+ ENABLE vs. DOOM\r
+ÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜÜ\r
+\r
+[Note: This file was included in the first edition of ENABLE, and is\r
+mostly unchanged in ENABLE2K. In a few cases, where ENABLE2K differs\r
+from its predecessor, the differences are noted in brackets.]\r
+\r
+The NSA updated "Tournament Word List" (TWL98) is to be the official\r
+reference for tournament and club Scrabble (r) play. The operators of the\r
+DOOM Scrabble server originally compiled this list, and it has undergone\r
+an update by an official "Dictionary Committee". Unfortunately, this\r
+TWL98 list remains proprietary and it is, despite promises to the\r
+contrary, available only to a small group of insiders. Our aim in\r
+distributing the Public Domain ENABLE list is to provide a very necessary\r
+resource and reference to the rest of the Scrabble community.\r
+\r
+In spring of 1997, Mendel was approached by an individual known to us only\r
+as Deep Glottides, offering him a number of arcane items of dubious value,\r
+including shards of the True Cross, an edition of the Necronomicon in the\r
+original Arabic, an exotic ebony statuette of a Mediterranean bird of prey,\r
+and an absolutely amazing way to MAKE MONEY FAST! While he found these items\r
+uninteresting, Mendel did accept the offer of a list of corrections to the\r
+then-current draft of the ENABLE list, supposedly derived from the contents\r
+of the DOOM list. Of course, we have no way of verifying the bona fides of\r
+these corrections; the hypothesis that they are instead code words used by\r
+the black helicopter division of the Insect Trust delegates from the Crab\r
+Nebula cannot be ruled out. However, using highly advanced UNIX (tm)\r
+software, we were able to reconstruct the list on which they were based.\r
+This list proved to be a highly accurate approximation to the union of\r
+OSPD (r) and MW10, and we consider it very likely that it is in fact a\r
+faithful copy of the DOOM list current at that time. This file lists the\r
+differences between that list and the ENABLE list (not including signature\r
+words).\r
+\r
+The differences between the DOOM list and ENABLE fall into four categories:\r
+\r
+I. MW10 changes\r
+\r
+These words were added or removed solely on the basis of their presence or\r
+absence in MW10. None of the listings is in any way ambiguous or suggestive\r
+of an error in MW10. The word "coresidenttial" was not added, since it is\r
+clearly a typographical error.\r
+\r
+DOOM words removed from ENABLE (MW10)\r
+\r
+fricandeaux (*)\r
+kafkaesque\r
+\r
+(*) "fricandeaux" has been added to the ENABLE list as a signature word.\r
+It is accepted by other dictionaries.\r
+\r
+non-DOOM words added to ENABLE (MW10)\r
+\r
+edutainment\r
+edutainments\r
+homeschool\r
+homeschooled\r
+homeschooler\r
+homeschoolers\r
+homeschooling\r
+homeschools\r
+hypoglycemics\r
+maquiladora\r
+maquiladoras\r
+mediterranean\r
+philharmonic\r
+philharmonics\r
+upgradabilities\r
+upgradability\r
+upgradable\r
+upgradeability\r
+upgradeable\r
+victimologies\r
+victimologist\r
+victimologists\r
+victimology\r
+\r
+\r
+II. TWL98 words\r
+\r
+The status of these words was changed by TWL98. We anticipate these changes\r
+will be reflected in the DOOM list, and possibly already are. Note that some\r
+published TWL98 changes are not listed here, because these changes were\r
+already reflected in the DOOM list as of Spring 1997 (e.g., the false word\r
+"nonfinites" could not be removed because it was not present). Also, one\r
+version of the TWL98 changes mandated the removal of the word "suboptimum",\r
+which we ignored since the word is clearly present in MW10, and this change\r
+was not confirmed by other accounts of TWL98.\r
+\r
+DOOM words removed from ENABLE (TWL98)\r
+\r
+alkalosises\r
+anopheleses\r
+antiradars\r
+antishocks\r
+antismokes\r
+antisolars\r
+antitumors\r
+antiwomen\r
+arterites\r
+arteritises\r
+beachwears\r
+cacoetheses\r
+cafetoria\r
+chlorosises\r
+cocksfeet\r
+da\r
+dei\r
+des\r
+enterites\r
+fluorosises\r
+footwears\r
+franglaises\r
+gastrites\r
+gastritises\r
+glossites\r
+glossitides\r
+halitosises\r
+hanguls\r
+heterosises\r
+hybridomata\r
+impatienses\r
+interflowed\r
+interflowing\r
+interflows\r
+interfolded (*)\r
+interfolding (*)\r
+interfolds (*)\r
+interzones\r
+kev\r
+knitwears\r
+laminites\r
+laminitides\r
+lezes\r
+licenti\r
+literatuses\r
+lycopodia\r
+menswears\r
+multilanes\r
+multipaths\r
+multipoles\r
+neckwears\r
+nephrosises\r
+nightlives\r
+nonanimals\r
+nonbuyings\r
+noncakings\r
+noncareers\r
+nonchurches\r
+noncounties\r
+nondeserts\r
+nonedibles\r
+nonenergies\r
+nonexempts\r
+nonfossils\r
+nonghettos\r
+nongrowths\r
+nonimpacts\r
+noninjuries\r
+nonkoshers\r
+nonleagues\r
+nonlivings\r
+nonmarkets\r
+nonrubbers\r
+nonrulings\r
+nonsexuals\r
+nonspeeches\r
+nontariffs\r
+outerwears\r
+overwearied\r
+overwearies\r
+overwearying\r
+parotites\r
+parotitides\r
+phlebites\r
+phlebitises\r
+playwears\r
+postfaults\r
+predinners\r
+preflights\r
+premarketed\r
+premarketing (*)\r
+premarkets\r
+prereturned\r
+prereturning\r
+prereturns\r
+prereviewed\r
+prereviewing\r
+prereviews\r
+preseasons (*)\r
+prestricken\r
+prestrikes\r
+prestriking\r
+prestruck\r
+presummits\r
+pretraveled\r
+pretraveling\r
+pretravelled\r
+pretravelling\r
+pretravels\r
+proptosises\r
+rainwears\r
+reticulums\r
+retinitises\r
+sauterneses\r
+sclerosises\r
+silicosises\r
+sinusites\r
+sinusitides\r
+skiwears\r
+sleepwears\r
+straphanged\r
+strid\r
+suboptima\r
+subvisuals\r
+superriches\r
+supersizes\r
+swimwears\r
+synovites\r
+synovitides\r
+teniasises\r
+testatrixes\r
+townwears\r
+trapeziums\r
+ultralefts\r
+ultrariches\r
+underwears\r
+utriculuses\r
+vaginites\r
+vaginitides\r
+vin\r
+vins\r
+von\r
+womenkinds\r
+zamindaries\r
+zemindaris\r
+\r
+(*) These words are present in the ENABLE list as signature words.\r
+Despite their rejection by TWL98, they appear to us to be reasonably valid.\r
+Note that "premarketing" is actually listed in MW10.\r
+\r
+[ENABLE2K lists "premarketing" as a base word, not a signature word, as\r
+it has become clear that the statement that TWL98 removed it was simply\r
+an error. ENABLE2K also lists "vaginitides", based on its appearance\r
+in the Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary.]\r
+\r
+non-DOOM words added to ENABLE (TWL98)\r
+\r
+acervulus\r
+aerobrake\r
+aerobraked\r
+aerobrakes\r
+aerobraking\r
+anthelion\r
+anthelions\r
+anthodium\r
+antimycin\r
+antimycins\r
+backdropt\r
+backstab\r
+backstabbed\r
+backstabs\r
+bassett\r
+bassetts\r
+bedsit\r
+bedsits\r
+booklouse\r
+bronchium\r
+caldarium\r
+calyculus\r
+chalazion\r
+chalazions\r
+chemo\r
+chemos\r
+cocaptained\r
+cocaptaining\r
+cocksfoots\r
+cocounseled\r
+cocounseling\r
+cocounselled\r
+cocounselling\r
+cocultured\r
+coculturing\r
+cofeatured\r
+cofeaturing\r
+cohostessed\r
+cohostessing\r
+copartnered\r
+copartnering\r
+copresented\r
+copresenting\r
+copresents\r
+credendum\r
+ctenidium\r
+cubiculum\r
+declaw\r
+declawed\r
+declawing\r
+declaws\r
+epicedium\r
+esthetics\r
+ferretings\r
+finalise\r
+finalised\r
+finalises\r
+finalising\r
+flabellum\r
+gallamine\r
+gallamines\r
+gammadion\r
+gelsemium\r
+gelsemiums\r
+gynaeceum\r
+gynaecium\r
+hospitium\r
+ignorami\r
+iller\r
+illest\r
+imaginaries\r
+latte\r
+lattes\r
+lepidotes\r
+lezzes\r
+louvred\r
+lycopodiums\r
+macadamia\r
+macadamias\r
+maglevs\r
+malleolus\r
+mazaedium\r
+microbrew\r
+microbrews\r
+misstricken\r
+misstriking\r
+misstruck\r
+nightlifes\r
+nonmutants (*)\r
+oasthouse\r
+oasthouses\r
+overcleaned (*)\r
+overcleaning (*)\r
+overcleans (*)\r
+overdried (*)\r
+overdries (*)\r
+overdriven (*)\r
+overdriving (*)\r
+overdrove (*)\r
+overdrying (*)\r
+overlighted\r
+petrale\r
+petrales\r
+phelonion\r
+phelonions\r
+photostatted\r
+photostatting\r
+pineals\r
+platyfish\r
+platyfishes\r
+pocketsful\r
+ponderosa\r
+ponderosas\r
+premixt\r
+preshrunken\r
+pterygium\r
+pterygiums\r
+pyrolize\r
+pyrolized\r
+pyrolizes\r
+pyrolizing\r
+redtail\r
+redtails\r
+retiarius\r
+rhytons\r
+samaritans\r
+sarmentum\r
+scintillae\r
+septarium\r
+sevruga\r
+sevrugas\r
+sextarius\r
+silkies\r
+slaphappier\r
+slaphappiest\r
+sleepover\r
+sleepovers\r
+smoothes\r
+spaetzles\r
+sporozoon\r
+starfruit\r
+starfruits\r
+superfirms\r
+superhyped\r
+superhyping\r
+supermini\r
+superminis\r
+sympodium\r
+technicals\r
+teniases\r
+trapezii\r
+treenware\r
+treenwares\r
+tricyclics\r
+trihedron\r
+trihedrons\r
+trochilus\r
+trochlears\r
+unguentum\r
+unhealthier\r
+unhealthiest\r
+unsell\r
+unselling\r
+unsells\r
+unsightlier\r
+unsightliest\r
+vestigium\r
+voguer\r
+voguers\r
+whinging\r
+yellowfin\r
+yellowfins\r
+\r
+(*) Accounts of the TWL98 changes varied concerning these words. They were\r
+described as both added and removed. Since they were not present as of\r
+Spring 1997, and since they all seemed to be perfectly valid inflections, we\r
+added them to the ENABLE list.\r
+\r
+[In ENABLE2K, the words "bassett" and "bassetts" were dropped; their\r
+inclusion was based on an error in MW10 which has now been corrected.\r
+Similarly, the words "starfruit" and "starfruits" have been removed from\r
+the latest edition of MW10, and should be removed from the main ENABLE\r
+word list the next time it is revised.]\r
+\r
+\r
+III. "also called" words\r
+\r
+These words are words shown in italics in MW10 entries for other words.\r
+TWL98 legitimizes these words, even though it only catalogued those shorter\r
+than 10 letters.\r
+\r
+non-DOOM words added to ENABLE (also called)\r
+\r
+buffalofish\r
+buffalofishes\r
+colorpoint\r
+colorpoints\r
+cyclicalities\r
+cyclicality\r
+diamondbacks\r
+dolphinfish\r
+dolphinfishes\r
+ellipticals\r
+exponentials\r
+greaseproofs\r
+handyperson\r
+handypersons\r
+hypoglossals\r
+incandescents\r
+largemouth\r
+largemouths\r
+maidenhair\r
+maidenhairs\r
+parainfluenza\r
+parainfluenzas\r
+photomultiplier\r
+reflectivities\r
+reflectivity\r
+scissortail\r
+scissortails\r
+smallmouth\r
+smallmouths\r
+streetlamp\r
+streetlamps\r
+trigeminals\r
+tsutsugamushi\r
+\r
+[In ENABLE2K, the implied plural of "tsutsugamushi", "tsutsugamushis",\r
+was also added.]\r
+\r
+\r
+IV. Interpretations\r
+\r
+One of the dirty secrets of Scrabble (tm) is that the official source for\r
+resolution of word validity, MW10, is incapable of resolving all such\r
+questions. The primary reason for this is the MW10 practice of including\r
+lists of words starting with a particular prefix, such as anti- or non-,\r
+without providing part of speech information. This makes it impossible to\r
+decide, on the basis of MW10 alone, whether "antitakeovers", for example, is\r
+a valid word or not.\r
+\r
+To resolve such questions, it is necessary to go to other sources, such as\r
+the Hasbro Scrabble (tm) CD-ROM and other dictionaries, and then to use good\r
+judgment and "word sense" to decide. (The Random House Unabridged dictionary\r
+proved especially helpful here, since it provides similar word lists having\r
+a large intersection with the MW10 lists, and also provides part of speech\r
+information.) In many cases, our judgment on these questions disagreed with\r
+that of the compilers of the DOOM list. Can we claim that our judgments were\r
+always correct? Well, of course we can. That's called "marketing"! More\r
+realistically, we claim we have considered each putative word on its merits,\r
+and have always tried to make a careful and thoughtful decision. At the very\r
+least, we hope we have avoided absurdities such as the abominable\r
+"nonpolices" and "ultrariches" (words rightly rejected by TWL98, but\r
+accepted by the Hasbro CD-ROM and, in the case of "ultrariches", by the DOOM\r
+list as well).\r
+\r
+For each word listed below, we explain our rationale for accepting or\r
+rejecting the word. Note that no words are listed where we reached the same\r
+conclusions as the DOOM list, but be assured that these words were examined\r
+as carefully as those where there was disagreement.\r
+\r
+\r
+DOOM words removed from ENABLE (interpretations)\r
+\r
+antitakeovers\r
+ An obvious nonsense word, despite acceptance by Hasbro CD and RH\r
+ Unabridged.\r
+beautifuler\r
+ Not listed in MW10, accepted by the Hasbro CD. This word\r
+ proved very controversial. MW10, in its introduction, does not\r
+ claim to list all -er and -est forms, only those whose spelling\r
+ might be in doubt. So its absence from MW10 does not, in itself,\r
+ prove it invalid. But I claim the following: (a) No dictionary\r
+ that I have been able to check lists this form, and (b) if a\r
+ single-word comparative form of beautiful exists, it would be\r
+ "beautifuller". (If one looks at the -ful words in OSPD for\r
+ which a comparative form is listed, one finds they all double\r
+ the "l".) Finally, I note that neither the DOOM list nor the\r
+ Hasbro CD lists the putative superlative "beautifulest". (While\r
+ English has the occasional word with a superlative but no comparative,\r
+ I'm unaware of any examples of the opposite sort.) Mendel feels\r
+ that there is a tradition of accepting this word, and recalls\r
+ having seen arguments for it, though he cannot reconstruct them.\r
+ Accordingly, "beautifuler" (and the implied "beautifulest") have\r
+ been added to ENABLE as signature words despite the impossibility\r
+ of justifying them on the basis of MW10.\r
+ [During the research for the second edition of the ENABLE2K\r
+ Supplement, two additional facts about "beautifuler" turned up.\r
+ First the Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary (NI3) lists it, as\r
+ well as the corresponding superlative; this is doubtless the original\r
+ justification for including the word in the DOOM list. Additionally,\r
+ the fourth edition of the American Heritage dictionary notes its\r
+ existence as "obsolete" and, interestingly enough, spells it with a\r
+ double "l".]\r
+\r
+endocardites\r
+ Rejected based on OSPD's listing of "carditises" as the only\r
+ plural of "carditis". Since "carditis" is not listed by MW10,\r
+ the OSPD listing seems to be the best information available on\r
+ pluralization of words with this root.\r
+endocarditides\r
+ See "endocardites". [ENABLE2K allows "carditides", a plural listed\r
+ by the MW Medical Dictionary. MW Medical does not, however, list\r
+ "endocarditides", so this word remains removed.]\r
+enterocolites\r
+ Rejected based on OSPD's listing of "colitises" as the only\r
+ plural of "colitis". Plurals such as this one present a difficult\r
+ problem. Based on MW10 alone, one would admit this plural, since\r
+ OSPD gives no explicit pluralization, and the general -itis entry\r
+ allows -ites and -itides as well as -itises. However, OSPD shows\r
+ only the plural "colitises" for "colitis". OSPD was compiled by\r
+ Merriam-Webster, and presumably would have included "colites" and\r
+ "colitides" if they were legitimate. Therefore, we have decided\r
+ to follow the lead of OSPD in such cases.\r
+enterocolitides\r
+ See "enterocolites".\r
+gastroenterites\r
+ Rejected based on TWL98's removal of the root form "enterites".\r
+heterozyogises\r
+ Rejected based on OSPD's listing of "zygoses" as the only plural\r
+ of "zygosis". See "enterocolites".\r
+homozygosises\r
+ See "enterocolites".\r
+hyperhidrosises\r
+ See "enterocolites". OSPD shows only the plural "hidroses" for\r
+ "hidrosis".\r
+loungewears\r
+ Rejected due to TWL98's condemnation of all -wears plurals.\r
+lymphadenites\r
+ See "enterocolites". OSPD shows only the plural "adenitises" for\r
+ "adenitis".\r
+lymphadenitides\r
+ See "enterocolites".\r
+myelofibrosises\r
+ See "enterocolites". OSPD shows only the plural "fibroses" for\r
+ "fibrosis".\r
+myocardites\r
+ See "endocardites".\r
+myocarditides\r
+ See "endocardites".\r
+nonghettoes\r
+ TWL98 removes "nonghettos" on the grounds that "nonghetto" is not\r
+ a noun. So "nonghettoes" has to go too.\r
+otosclerosises\r
+ Rejected due to TWL98's rejection of the root form "sclerosises"\r
+pericardites\r
+ When OSPD and MW10 appeared to be in conflict about the plurals of\r
+ diseases (see "endocardites"), other sources were consulted. Actually,\r
+ very few sources *could* be consulted, since virtually no one other\r
+ than a few crazed Scrabble (tm) players believes that diseases even have\r
+ plurals. However, the Merriam-Webster Unabridged does accept them.\r
+ Though it was not helpful for any other of the troublesome disease\r
+ words, MW Unabridged does show "pericarditides" as the only plural of\r
+ "pericarditis". Since this was an explicit entry, we decided it\r
+ overrode the implications of both MW10 and OSPD, and accordingly\r
+ included only "pericarditides" in ENABLE.\r
+pericarditises\r
+ See "pericardites".\r
+saccharomyceses\r
+ Supposedly the plural of "saccharomyces". MW10 defines two other\r
+ -myces words, both of which have plurals identical to the singular\r
+ form. Also, American Heritage shows "saccharomyces" as unchanged\r
+ in the plural. Accordingly, we made a judgment call that this\r
+ unnatural-looking plural is an error, and removed it from the\r
+ ENABLE list.\r
+scaramouchs\r
+ Rejected as an obvious offense to the English language, since the\r
+ "ch" in scarmouch is a soft ch, not a hard one as in "oligarch".\r
+schmaltzier\r
+ Not listed by MW10, but accepted by the other major American\r
+ dictionaries. Added to ENABLE as signature word.\r
+schmaltziest\r
+ See "schmaltzier".\r
+sportswears\r
+ Rejected due to TWL98's condemnation of all -wears plurals.\r
+tenosynovites\r
+ Rejected based on TWL98's rejection of the root form "synovites".\r
+tenosynovitides\r
+ See "tenosynovites".\r
+ultrarights\r
+ Accepted by the Hasbro CD, but removed from ENABLE by analogy with\r
+ "ultralefts", which is rejected by TWL98.\r
+vulvovaginites\r
+ Rejected based on TWL98's rejection of the root form "vaginites".\r
+\r
+\r
+non-DOOM words added to ENABLE (interpretations)\r
+\r
+antefixae\r
+ This word is given explicitly as a plural of "antefix" by MW10.\r
+ OSPD and MW Unabridged reject this plural, and give "antefixa"\r
+ in its place (as does American Heritage). This may be evidence\r
+ that "antefixae" is erroneous. Nevertheless, not having the\r
+ resources or experience to second-guess Merriam-Webster on this\r
+ point, we decided to take MW10 at face value, and added "antefixae"\r
+ to the ENABLE list. [The Encarta(r) dictionary confirms "antefixae"\r
+ as a valid plural of "antefix". However, as a plural not listed in\r
+ OSPD, we treat "antefixae" as a new MW10 word, rather than as an\r
+ OSPD word.]\r
+anticolonials\r
+ Accepted by RH Unabridged, rejected by the Hasbro CD. Judgment\r
+ call.\r
+antisubversives\r
+ Judgment call.\r
+begirting\r
+ This word is given explicitly as the present participle of "begird"\r
+ by MW10. OSPD and MW Unabridged (and American Heritage) instead\r
+ give a more regular "begirding". Again, possibly an error in MW10.\r
+ Not being expert in the conjugation of archaic verbs, once more we\r
+ have put our trust in the scolarship of MW10 and accepted "begirting".\r
+ [The 1999 edition of MW10 removes "begirting". Accordingly, we have\r
+ removed it from ENABLE2K.]\r
+chlorenchymata\r
+ A plural of "chlorenchyma", by virtue of the MW10 -enchyma entry.\r
+interboroughs\r
+ Accepted by both RH Unabridged and the Hasbro CD.\r
+interurbans\r
+ Accepted by both RH Unabridged and the Hasbro CD.\r
+interworkings\r
+ Accepted by the Hasbro CD.\r
+interwrought\r
+ Past tense of "interwork", accepted by RH Unabridged, rejected\r
+ by the Hasbro CD. Accepted as clearly implied by MW10.\r
+nonalcoholics\r
+ Accepted by both RH Unabridged and the Hasbro CD.\r
+nonchemicals\r
+ Accepted by both RH Unabridged and the Hasbro CD.\r
+noncomplyings\r
+ Accepted by both RH Unabridged and the Hasbro CD.\r
+noncompounds\r
+ Accepted by the Hasbro CD.\r
+nondiabetics\r
+ Accepted by the Hasbro CD.\r
+nonperishables\r
+ Accepted by both RH Unabridged and the Hasbro CD.\r
+overlighting\r
+ TWL98 adds "overlighted", implying that "overlighting" is also valid.\r
+ Also, the OSPD entry for "overlit" implies the existence of the verb\r
+ "overlight".\r
+parenchymata\r
+ A plural of "parenchyma", by virtue of the MW10 -enchyma entry.\r
+precomputers\r
+ Accepted by the Hasbro CD.\r
+predischarged\r
+ Accepted by RH Unabridged, rejected by the Hasbro CD. Judgment call.\r
+predischarging\r
+ See "predischarged".\r
+presentencings\r
+ Accepted by the Hasbro CD.\r
+ultraheated\r
+ Accepted by the Hasbro CD.\r
+ultraheating\r
+ See "ultraheated".\r
+ultraheats\r
+ See "ultraheated".\r
+ultraradicals\r
+ Accepted by both RH Unabridged and the Hasbro CD.\r
+\r
+\r
+---\r
+Scrabble is a trademark of the Milton Bradley Co., Inc.\r
+The OSPD is a trademark of the Milton Bradley Co., Inc.\r
+Encarta is a trademark of the Microsoft Corp.\r
+UNIX is a trademark of AT & T.\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+\r
+---Alan Beale\r
projects / deb_pkgs / scowl.git / blobdiff