1 // ***************************************************************************
2 // bamtools_convert.cpp (c) 2010 Derek Barnett, Erik Garrison
3 // Marth Lab, Department of Biology, Boston College
4 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
5 // Last modified: 11 November 2012
6 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
7 // Converts between BAM and a number of other formats
8 // ***************************************************************************
10 #include "bamtools_convert.h"
12 #include <api/BamConstants.h>
13 #include <api/BamMultiReader.h>
14 #include <utils/bamtools_fasta.h>
15 #include <utils/bamtools_options.h>
16 #include <utils/bamtools_pileup_engine.h>
17 #include <utils/bamtools_utilities.h>
18 using namespace BamTools;
29 // ---------------------------------------------
30 // ConvertTool constants
32 // supported conversion format command-line names
33 static const string FORMAT_BED = "bed";
34 static const string FORMAT_FASTA = "fasta";
35 static const string FORMAT_FASTQ = "fastq";
36 static const string FORMAT_JSON = "json";
37 static const string FORMAT_SAM = "sam";
38 static const string FORMAT_PILEUP = "pileup";
39 static const string FORMAT_YAML = "yaml";
42 static const unsigned int FASTA_LINE_MAX = 50;
44 // ---------------------------------------------
45 // ConvertPileupFormatVisitor declaration
47 class ConvertPileupFormatVisitor : public PileupVisitor {
51 ConvertPileupFormatVisitor(const RefVector& references,
52 const string& fastaFilename,
53 const bool isPrintingMapQualities,
55 ~ConvertPileupFormatVisitor(void);
57 // PileupVisitor interface implementation
59 void Visit(const PileupPosition& pileupData);
65 bool m_isPrintingMapQualities;
67 RefVector m_references;
70 } // namespace BamTools
72 // ---------------------------------------------
73 // ConvertSettings implementation
75 struct ConvertTool::ConvertSettings {
84 bool HasFastaFilename;
85 bool IsOmittingSamHeader;
86 bool IsPrintingPileupMapQualities;
89 vector<string> InputFiles;
90 string OutputFilename;
103 , HasFastaFilename(false)
104 , IsOmittingSamHeader(false)
105 , IsPrintingPileupMapQualities(false)
106 , OutputFilename(Options::StandardOut())
111 // ---------------------------------------------
112 // ConvertToolPrivate implementation
114 struct ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate {
118 ConvertToolPrivate(ConvertTool::ConvertSettings* settings)
119 : m_settings(settings)
120 , m_out(cout.rdbuf())
123 ~ConvertToolPrivate(void) { }
131 void PrintBed(const BamAlignment& a);
132 void PrintFasta(const BamAlignment& a);
133 void PrintFastq(const BamAlignment& a);
134 void PrintJson(const BamAlignment& a);
135 void PrintSam(const BamAlignment& a);
136 void PrintYaml(const BamAlignment& a);
138 // special case - uses the PileupEngine
139 bool RunPileupConversion(BamMultiReader* reader);
143 ConvertTool::ConvertSettings* m_settings;
144 RefVector m_references;
148 bool ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::Run(void) {
150 // ------------------------------------
151 // initialize conversion input/output
153 // set to default input if none provided
154 if ( !m_settings->HasInput )
155 m_settings->InputFiles.push_back(Options::StandardIn());
158 BamMultiReader reader;
159 if ( !reader.Open(m_settings->InputFiles) ) {
160 cerr << "bamtools convert ERROR: could not open input BAM file(s)... Aborting." << endl;
164 // if input is not stdin & a region is provided, look for index files
165 if ( m_settings->HasInput && m_settings->HasRegion ) {
166 if ( !reader.LocateIndexes() ) {
167 cerr << "bamtools convert ERROR: could not locate index file(s)... Aborting." << endl;
172 // retrieve reference data
173 m_references = reader.GetReferenceData();
175 // set region if specified
177 if ( m_settings->HasRegion ) {
178 if ( Utilities::ParseRegionString(m_settings->Region, reader, region) ) {
180 if ( reader.HasIndexes() ) {
181 if ( !reader.SetRegion(region) ) {
182 cerr << "bamtools convert ERROR: set region failed. Check that REGION describes a valid range" << endl;
189 cerr << "bamtools convert ERROR: could not parse REGION: " << m_settings->Region << endl;
190 cerr << "Check that REGION is in valid format (see documentation) and that the coordinates are valid"
197 // if output file given
199 if ( m_settings->HasOutput ) {
201 // open output file stream
202 outFile.open(m_settings->OutputFilename.c_str());
204 cerr << "bamtools convert ERROR: could not open " << m_settings->OutputFilename
205 << " for output" << endl;
209 // set m_out to file's streambuf
210 m_out.rdbuf(outFile.rdbuf());
213 // -------------------------------------
214 // do conversion based on format
216 bool convertedOk = true;
218 // pileup is special case
219 // conversion not done per alignment, like the other formats
220 if ( m_settings->Format == FORMAT_PILEUP )
221 convertedOk = RunPileupConversion(&reader);
226 bool formatError = false;
228 // set function pointer to proper conversion method
229 void (BamTools::ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::*pFunction)(const BamAlignment&) = 0;
230 if ( m_settings->Format == FORMAT_BED ) pFunction = &BamTools::ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintBed;
231 else if ( m_settings->Format == FORMAT_FASTA ) pFunction = &BamTools::ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintFasta;
232 else if ( m_settings->Format == FORMAT_FASTQ ) pFunction = &BamTools::ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintFastq;
233 else if ( m_settings->Format == FORMAT_JSON ) pFunction = &BamTools::ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintJson;
234 else if ( m_settings->Format == FORMAT_SAM ) pFunction = &BamTools::ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintSam;
235 else if ( m_settings->Format == FORMAT_YAML ) pFunction = &BamTools::ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintYaml;
237 cerr << "bamtools convert ERROR: unrecognized format: " << m_settings->Format << endl;
238 cerr << "Please see documentation for list of supported formats " << endl;
243 // if format selected ok
244 if ( !formatError ) {
246 // if SAM format & not omitting header, print SAM header first
247 if ( (m_settings->Format == FORMAT_SAM) && !m_settings->IsOmittingSamHeader )
248 m_out << reader.GetHeaderText();
250 // iterate through file, doing conversion
252 while ( reader.GetNextAlignment(a) )
253 (this->*pFunction)(a);
255 // set flag for successful conversion
260 // ------------------------
263 if ( m_settings->HasOutput )
268 // ----------------------------------------------------------
269 // Conversion/output methods
270 // ----------------------------------------------------------
272 void ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintBed(const BamAlignment& a) {
274 // tab-delimited, 0-based half-open
275 // (e.g. a 50-base read aligned to pos 10 could have BED coordinates (10, 60) instead of BAM coordinates (10, 59) )
276 // <chromName> <chromStart> <chromEnd> <readName> <score> <strand>
278 m_out << m_references.at(a.RefID).RefName << "\t"
279 << a.Position << "\t"
280 << a.GetEndPosition() << "\t"
282 << a.MapQuality << "\t"
283 << (a.IsReverseStrand() ? "-" : "+") << endl;
286 // print BamAlignment in FASTA format
287 // N.B. - uses QueryBases NOT AlignedBases
288 void ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintFasta(const BamAlignment& a) {
290 // >BamAlignment.Name
291 // BamAlignment.QueryBases (up to FASTA_LINE_MAX bases per line)
294 // N.B. - QueryBases are reverse-complemented if aligned to reverse strand
297 m_out << ">" << a.Name << endl;
299 // handle reverse strand alignment - bases
300 string sequence = a.QueryBases;
301 if ( a.IsReverseStrand() )
302 Utilities::ReverseComplement(sequence);
304 // if sequence fits on single line
305 if ( sequence.length() <= FASTA_LINE_MAX )
306 m_out << sequence << endl;
308 // else split over multiple lines
312 size_t seqLength = sequence.length(); // handle reverse strand alignment - bases & qualitiesth();
314 // write subsequences to each line
315 while ( position < (seqLength - FASTA_LINE_MAX) ) {
316 m_out << sequence.substr(position, FASTA_LINE_MAX) << endl;
317 position += FASTA_LINE_MAX;
320 // write final subsequence
321 m_out << sequence.substr(position) << endl;
325 // print BamAlignment in FASTQ format
326 // N.B. - uses QueryBases NOT AlignedBases
327 void ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintFastq(const BamAlignment& a) {
329 // @BamAlignment.Name
330 // BamAlignment.QueryBases
332 // BamAlignment.Qualities
334 // N.B. - QueryBases are reverse-complemented (& Qualities reversed) if aligned to reverse strand .
335 // Name is appended "/1" or "/2" if paired-end, to reflect which mate this entry is.
337 // handle paired-end alignments
338 string name = a.Name;
340 name.append( (a.IsFirstMate() ? "/1" : "/2") );
342 // handle reverse strand alignment - bases & qualities
343 string qualities = a.Qualities;
344 string sequence = a.QueryBases;
345 if ( a.IsReverseStrand() ) {
346 Utilities::Reverse(qualities);
347 Utilities::ReverseComplement(sequence);
350 // write to output stream
351 m_out << "@" << name << endl
354 << qualities << endl;
357 // print BamAlignment in JSON format
358 void ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintJson(const BamAlignment& a) {
360 // write name & alignment flag
361 m_out << "{\"name\":\"" << a.Name << "\",\"alignmentFlag\":\"" << a.AlignmentFlag << "\",";
363 // write reference name
364 if ( (a.RefID >= 0) && (a.RefID < (int)m_references.size()) )
365 m_out << "\"reference\":\"" << m_references[a.RefID].RefName << "\",";
367 // write position & map quality
368 m_out << "\"position\":" << a.Position+1 << ",\"mapQuality\":" << a.MapQuality << ",";
371 const vector<CigarOp>& cigarData = a.CigarData;
372 if ( !cigarData.empty() ) {
373 m_out << "\"cigar\":[";
374 vector<CigarOp>::const_iterator cigarBegin = cigarData.begin();
375 vector<CigarOp>::const_iterator cigarIter = cigarBegin;
376 vector<CigarOp>::const_iterator cigarEnd = cigarData.end();
377 for ( ; cigarIter != cigarEnd; ++cigarIter ) {
378 const CigarOp& op = (*cigarIter);
379 if (cigarIter != cigarBegin)
381 m_out << "\"" << op.Length << op.Type << "\"";
386 // write mate reference name, mate position, & insert size
387 if ( a.IsPaired() && (a.MateRefID >= 0) && (a.MateRefID < (int)m_references.size()) ) {
388 m_out << "\"mate\":{"
389 << "\"reference\":\"" << m_references[a.MateRefID].RefName << "\","
390 << "\"position\":" << a.MatePosition+1
391 << ",\"insertSize\":" << a.InsertSize << "},";
395 if ( !a.QueryBases.empty() )
396 m_out << "\"queryBases\":\"" << a.QueryBases << "\",";
399 if ( !a.Qualities.empty() && a.Qualities.at(0) != (char)0xFF ) {
400 string::const_iterator s = a.Qualities.begin();
401 m_out << "\"qualities\":[" << static_cast<short>(*s) - 33;
403 for ( ; s != a.Qualities.end(); ++s )
404 m_out << "," << static_cast<short>(*s) - 33;
408 // write alignment's source BAM file
409 m_out << "\"filename\":" << a.Filename << ",";
412 const char* tagData = a.TagData.c_str();
413 const size_t tagDataLength = a.TagData.length();
415 if ( index < tagDataLength ) {
417 m_out << "\"tags\":{";
419 while ( index < tagDataLength ) {
425 m_out << "\"" << a.TagData.substr(index, 2) << "\":";
429 char type = a.TagData.at(index);
432 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_ASCII) :
433 m_out << "\"" << tagData[index] << "\"";
437 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_INT8) :
438 // force value into integer-type (instead of char value)
439 m_out << static_cast<int16_t>(tagData[index]);
443 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_UINT8) :
444 // force value into integer-type (instead of char value)
445 m_out << static_cast<uint16_t>(tagData[index]);
449 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_INT16) :
450 m_out << BamTools::UnpackSignedShort(&tagData[index]);
451 index += sizeof(int16_t);
454 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_UINT16) :
455 m_out << BamTools::UnpackUnsignedShort(&tagData[index]);
456 index += sizeof(uint16_t);
459 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_INT32) :
460 m_out << BamTools::UnpackSignedInt(&tagData[index]);
461 index += sizeof(int32_t);
464 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_UINT32) :
465 m_out << BamTools::UnpackUnsignedInt(&tagData[index]);
466 index += sizeof(uint32_t);
469 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_FLOAT) :
470 m_out << BamTools::UnpackFloat(&tagData[index]);
471 index += sizeof(float);
474 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_HEX) :
475 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_STRING) :
477 while (tagData[index]) {
478 if (tagData[index] == '\"')
479 m_out << "\\\""; // escape for json
481 m_out << tagData[index];
489 if ( tagData[index] == '\0')
496 m_out << "}" << endl;
499 // print BamAlignment in SAM format
500 void ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintSam(const BamAlignment& a) {
503 // <QNAME> <FLAG> <RNAME> <POS> <MAPQ> <CIGAR> <MRNM> <MPOS> <ISIZE> <SEQ> <QUAL> [ <TAG>:<VTYPE>:<VALUE> [...] ]
505 // write name & alignment flag
506 m_out << a.Name << "\t" << a.AlignmentFlag << "\t";
508 // write reference name
509 if ( (a.RefID >= 0) && (a.RefID < (int)m_references.size()) )
510 m_out << m_references[a.RefID].RefName << "\t";
514 // write position & map quality
515 m_out << a.Position+1 << "\t" << a.MapQuality << "\t";
518 const vector<CigarOp>& cigarData = a.CigarData;
519 if ( cigarData.empty() ) m_out << "*\t";
521 vector<CigarOp>::const_iterator cigarIter = cigarData.begin();
522 vector<CigarOp>::const_iterator cigarEnd = cigarData.end();
523 for ( ; cigarIter != cigarEnd; ++cigarIter ) {
524 const CigarOp& op = (*cigarIter);
525 m_out << op.Length << op.Type;
530 // write mate reference name, mate position, & insert size
531 if ( a.IsPaired() && (a.MateRefID >= 0) && (a.MateRefID < (int)m_references.size()) ) {
532 if ( a.MateRefID == a.RefID )
535 m_out << m_references[a.MateRefID].RefName << "\t";
536 m_out << a.MatePosition+1 << "\t" << a.InsertSize << "\t";
539 m_out << "*\t0\t0\t";
542 if ( a.QueryBases.empty() )
545 m_out << a.QueryBases << "\t";
548 if ( a.Qualities.empty() || (a.Qualities.at(0) == (char)0xFF) )
551 m_out << a.Qualities;
554 const char* tagData = a.TagData.c_str();
555 const size_t tagDataLength = a.TagData.length();
558 while ( index < tagDataLength ) {
561 string tagName = a.TagData.substr(index, 2);
562 m_out << "\t" << tagName << ":";
566 char type = a.TagData.at(index);
569 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_ASCII) :
570 m_out << "A:" << tagData[index];
574 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_INT8) :
575 // force value into integer-type (instead of char value)
576 m_out << "i:" << static_cast<int16_t>(tagData[index]);
580 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_UINT8) :
581 // force value into integer-type (instead of char value)
582 m_out << "i:" << static_cast<uint16_t>(tagData[index]);
586 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_INT16) :
587 m_out << "i:" << BamTools::UnpackSignedShort(&tagData[index]);
588 index += sizeof(int16_t);
591 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_UINT16) :
592 m_out << "i:" << BamTools::UnpackUnsignedShort(&tagData[index]);
593 index += sizeof(uint16_t);
596 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_INT32) :
597 m_out << "i:" << BamTools::UnpackSignedInt(&tagData[index]);
598 index += sizeof(int32_t);
601 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_UINT32) :
602 m_out << "i:" << BamTools::UnpackUnsignedInt(&tagData[index]);
603 index += sizeof(uint32_t);
606 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_FLOAT) :
607 m_out << "f:" << BamTools::UnpackFloat(&tagData[index]);
608 index += sizeof(float);
611 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_HEX) : // fall-through
612 case (Constants::BAM_TAG_TYPE_STRING) :
613 m_out << type << ":";
614 while (tagData[index]) {
615 m_out << tagData[index];
622 if ( tagData[index] == '\0' )
629 // Print BamAlignment in YAML format
630 void ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::PrintYaml(const BamAlignment& a) {
632 // write alignment name
633 m_out << "---" << endl;
634 m_out << a.Name << ":" << endl;
636 // write alignment data
637 m_out << " " << "AlndBases: " << a.AlignedBases << endl;
638 m_out << " " << "Qualities: " << a.Qualities << endl;
639 m_out << " " << "Name: " << a.Name << endl;
640 m_out << " " << "Length: " << a.Length << endl;
641 m_out << " " << "TagData: " << a.TagData << endl;
642 m_out << " " << "RefID: " << a.RefID << endl;
643 m_out << " " << "RefName: " << m_references[a.RefID].RefName << endl;
644 m_out << " " << "Position: " << a.Position << endl;
645 m_out << " " << "Bin: " << a.Bin << endl;
646 m_out << " " << "MapQuality: " << a.MapQuality << endl;
647 m_out << " " << "AlignmentFlag: " << a.AlignmentFlag << endl;
648 m_out << " " << "MateRefID: " << a.MateRefID << endl;
649 m_out << " " << "MatePosition: " << a.MatePosition << endl;
650 m_out << " " << "InsertSize: " << a.InsertSize << endl;
651 m_out << " " << "Filename: " << a.Filename << endl;
654 const vector<CigarOp>& cigarData = a.CigarData;
655 if ( !cigarData.empty() ) {
656 m_out << " " << "Cigar: ";
657 vector<CigarOp>::const_iterator cigarBegin = cigarData.begin();
658 vector<CigarOp>::const_iterator cigarIter = cigarBegin;
659 vector<CigarOp>::const_iterator cigarEnd = cigarData.end();
660 for ( ; cigarIter != cigarEnd; ++cigarIter ) {
661 const CigarOp& op = (*cigarIter);
662 m_out << op.Length << op.Type;
668 bool ConvertTool::ConvertToolPrivate::RunPileupConversion(BamMultiReader* reader) {
670 // check for valid BamMultiReader
671 if ( reader == 0 ) return false;
673 // set up our pileup format 'visitor'
674 ConvertPileupFormatVisitor* v = new ConvertPileupFormatVisitor(m_references,
675 m_settings->FastaFilename,
676 m_settings->IsPrintingPileupMapQualities,
679 // set up PileupEngine
681 pileup.AddVisitor(v);
683 // iterate through data
685 while ( reader->GetNextAlignment(al) )
686 pileup.AddAlignment(al);
697 // ---------------------------------------------
698 // ConvertTool implementation
700 ConvertTool::ConvertTool(void)
702 , m_settings(new ConvertSettings)
705 // set program details
706 Options::SetProgramInfo("bamtools convert", "converts BAM to a number of other formats", "-format <FORMAT> [-in <filename> -in <filename> ...] [-out <filename>] [-region <REGION>] [format-specific options]");
709 OptionGroup* IO_Opts = Options::CreateOptionGroup("Input & Output");
710 Options::AddValueOption("-in", "BAM filename", "the input BAM file(s)", "", m_settings->HasInput, m_settings->InputFiles, IO_Opts, Options::StandardIn());
711 Options::AddValueOption("-out", "BAM filename", "the output BAM file", "", m_settings->HasOutput, m_settings->OutputFilename, IO_Opts, Options::StandardOut());
712 Options::AddValueOption("-format", "FORMAT", "the output file format - see README for recognized formats", "", m_settings->HasFormat, m_settings->Format, IO_Opts);
713 Options::AddValueOption("-region", "REGION", "genomic region. Index file is recommended for better performance, and is used automatically if it exists. See \'bamtools help index\' for more details on creating one", "", m_settings->HasRegion, m_settings->Region, IO_Opts);
715 OptionGroup* PileupOpts = Options::CreateOptionGroup("Pileup Options");
716 Options::AddValueOption("-fasta", "FASTA filename", "FASTA reference file", "", m_settings->HasFastaFilename, m_settings->FastaFilename, PileupOpts);
717 Options::AddOption("-mapqual", "print the mapping qualities", m_settings->IsPrintingPileupMapQualities, PileupOpts);
719 OptionGroup* SamOpts = Options::CreateOptionGroup("SAM Options");
720 Options::AddOption("-noheader", "omit the SAM header from output", m_settings->IsOmittingSamHeader, SamOpts);
723 ConvertTool::~ConvertTool(void) {
732 int ConvertTool::Help(void) {
733 Options::DisplayHelp();
737 int ConvertTool::Run(int argc, char* argv[]) {
739 // parse command line arguments
740 Options::Parse(argc, argv, 1);
742 // initialize ConvertTool with settings
743 m_impl = new ConvertToolPrivate(m_settings);
745 // run ConvertTool, return success/fail
752 // ---------------------------------------------
753 // ConvertPileupFormatVisitor implementation
755 ConvertPileupFormatVisitor::ConvertPileupFormatVisitor(const RefVector& references,
756 const string& fastaFilename,
757 const bool isPrintingMapQualities,
761 , m_isPrintingMapQualities(isPrintingMapQualities)
763 , m_references(references)
765 // set up Fasta reader if file is provided
766 if ( !fastaFilename.empty() ) {
768 // check for FASTA index
769 string indexFilename = "";
770 if ( Utilities::FileExists(fastaFilename + ".fai") )
771 indexFilename = fastaFilename + ".fai";
774 if ( m_fasta.Open(fastaFilename, indexFilename) )
779 ConvertPileupFormatVisitor::~ConvertPileupFormatVisitor(void) {
780 // be sure to close Fasta reader
787 void ConvertPileupFormatVisitor::Visit(const PileupPosition& pileupData ) {
789 // skip if no alignments at this position
790 if ( pileupData.PileupAlignments.empty() ) return;
792 // retrieve reference name
793 const string& referenceName = m_references[pileupData.RefId].RefName;
794 const int& position = pileupData.Position;
796 // retrieve reference base from FASTA file, if one provided; otherwise default to 'N'
797 char referenceBase('N');
798 if ( m_hasFasta && (pileupData.Position < m_references[pileupData.RefId].RefLength) ) {
799 if ( !m_fasta.GetBase(pileupData.RefId, pileupData.Position, referenceBase ) ) {
800 cerr << "bamtools convert ERROR: pileup conversion - could not read reference base from FASTA file" << endl;
805 // get count of alleles at this position
806 const int numberAlleles = pileupData.PileupAlignments.size();
808 // -----------------------------------------------------------
809 // build strings based on alleles at this positionInAlignment
811 stringstream bases("");
812 stringstream baseQualities("");
813 stringstream mapQualities("");
815 // iterate over alignments at this pileup position
816 vector<PileupAlignment>::const_iterator pileupIter = pileupData.PileupAlignments.begin();
817 vector<PileupAlignment>::const_iterator pileupEnd = pileupData.PileupAlignments.end();
818 for ( ; pileupIter != pileupEnd; ++pileupIter ) {
819 const PileupAlignment pa = (*pileupIter);
820 const BamAlignment& ba = pa.Alignment;
822 // if beginning of read segment
823 if ( pa.IsSegmentBegin )
824 bases << '^' << ( ((int)ba.MapQuality > 93) ? (char)126 : (char)((int)ba.MapQuality+33) );
826 // if current base is not a DELETION
827 if ( !pa.IsCurrentDeletion ) {
829 // get base at current position
830 char base = ba.QueryBases.at(pa.PositionInAlignment);
832 // if base matches reference
834 toupper(base) == toupper(referenceBase) ||
835 tolower(base) == tolower(referenceBase) )
837 base = ( ba.IsReverseStrand() ? ',' : '.' );
840 // mismatches reference
841 else base = ( ba.IsReverseStrand() ? tolower(base) : toupper(base) );
846 // if next position contains insertion
847 if ( pa.IsNextInsertion ) {
848 bases << '+' << pa.InsertionLength;
849 for (int i = 1; i <= pa.InsertionLength; ++i) {
850 char insertedBase = (char)ba.QueryBases.at(pa.PositionInAlignment + i);
851 bases << (ba.IsReverseStrand() ? (char)tolower(insertedBase) : (char)toupper(insertedBase) );
855 // if next position contains DELETION
856 else if ( pa.IsNextDeletion ) {
857 bases << '-' << pa.DeletionLength;
858 for (int i = 1; i <= pa.DeletionLength; ++i) {
859 char deletedBase('N');
860 if ( m_hasFasta && (pileupData.Position+i < m_references[pileupData.RefId].RefLength) ) {
861 if ( !m_fasta.GetBase(pileupData.RefId, pileupData.Position+i, deletedBase ) ) {
862 cerr << "bamtools convert ERROR: pileup conversion - could not read reference base from FASTA file" << endl;
866 bases << (ba.IsReverseStrand() ? (char)tolower(deletedBase) : (char)toupper(deletedBase) );
871 // otherwise, DELETION
874 // if end of read segment
875 if ( pa.IsSegmentEnd )
878 // store current base quality
879 baseQualities << ba.Qualities.at(pa.PositionInAlignment);
881 // save alignment map quality if desired
882 if ( m_isPrintingMapQualities )
883 mapQualities << ( ((int)ba.MapQuality > 93) ? (char)126 : (char)((int)ba.MapQuality+33) );
886 // ----------------------
890 // <refName> <1-based pos> <refBase> <numberAlleles> <bases> <qualities> [mapQuals]
892 const string TAB = "\t";
893 *m_out << referenceName << TAB
894 << position + 1 << TAB
895 << referenceBase << TAB
896 << numberAlleles << TAB
897 << bases.str() << TAB
898 << baseQualities.str() << TAB
899 << mapQualities.str() << endl;