1 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1-3
6 o An error was fixed in the computation of ancestral character
7 states by generalized least squares in ace().
9 o di2multi() did not modify node labels correctly.
11 o multi2di() failed if the tree had its attribute "order" set to
16 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1-2
21 o There three new methods for the "multiPhylo" class: str, $,
24 o root() gains the options 'node' and 'resolve.root'
25 (FALSE by default) as well as its code being improved.
27 o mltt.plot() has now an option 'log' used in the same way
28 than in plot.default().
33 o mltt.plot() failed to display the legend with an unnamed
36 o nodelabels() with pies now correcly uses the argument
37 'cex' to draw symbols of different sizes (which has
38 worked already for thermometers).
40 o read.nexus() generally failed to read very big files.
45 o The argument 'family' of compar.gee() can now be a function
46 as well as a character string.
48 o read.tree() and read.nexus() now return an unnamed list if
51 o read.nexus() now returns a modified object of class "multiPhylo"
52 when there is a TRANSLATE block in the NEXUS file: the individual
53 trees have no 'tip.label' vector, but the list has a 'TipLabel'
54 attribute. The new methods '$' and '[[' set these elements
55 correctly when extracting trees.
59 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1-1
64 o The new function rmtree generates lists of random trees.
66 o rcoal() now generates a genuine coalescent tree by default
67 (thanks to Vladimir Minin for the code).
72 o nuc.div() returned an incorrect value with the default
73 pairwise.deletion = FALSE.
78 o The internal codes of bionj(), fastme.bal(), and fastme.ols()
79 have been improved so that they are stabler and faster.
81 o R packages used by ape are now loaded silently; lattice and gee
82 are loaded only when needed.
86 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1
91 o The new function identify.phylo identifies clades on a plotted
94 o It is now possible to subset a list of trees (object of class
95 "multiPhylo") with "[" while keeping its class correct.
97 o The new function as.DNAbin.alignment converts DNA sequences
98 stored in the "alignment" format of the package seqinr into
99 an object of class "DNAbin".
101 o The new function weight.taxo2 helps to build similarity matrices
102 given two taxonomic levels (usually called by other functions).
104 o write.tree() can now take a list of trees (class "multiPhylo")
105 as its main argument.
107 o plot.correlogram() and plot.correlogramList() have been
108 improved, and gain several options (see the help page for
109 details). A legend is now plotted by default.
114 o dist.dna() returned some incorrect values with `model = "JC69"'
115 and `pairwise.deletion = TRUE'. This affected only the
116 distances involving sequences with missing values. (Thanks
117 to Bruno Toupance for digging this bug out.)
119 o write.tree() failed with some trees: this is fixed by removing
120 the `multi.line' option (trees are now always printed on a
123 o read.nexus() did not correctly detect trees with multiple root
124 edges (see OTHER CHANGES).
129 o The code of mlphylo() has almost entirely rewritten, and should
130 much stabler now. The options have been also greatly simplified
131 (see ?mlphylo and ?DNAmodel for details).
133 o The internal function nTips has been renamed klastorin_nTips.
135 o The code of is.ultrametric() contained redundancies and has
138 o The code of Moran.I() and of correlogram.formula() have been
141 o read.tree() and read.nexus() now return an error when trying to
142 read a tree with multiple root edges (see BUG FIXES). The
143 correction applied in previous version did not work in all
146 o The class c("multi.tree", "phylo") has been renamed
152 o There is now a vignette in ape: see vignette("MoranI", "ape").
157 o as.matching() and as.phylo.matching() do not support branch
160 o correlogram.phylo() and discrete.dist() have been removed.
164 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.0-2
169 o The new function matexpo computes the exponential of a square
172 o The new function unique.multi.tree removes duplicate trees from
175 o yule() has a new option `use.root.edge = FALSE' that specifies
176 to ignore, by default, the root edge of the tree if it exists.
181 o which.edge() failed when the index of a single terminal edge was
184 o In diversi.time(), the values returned for model C were
187 o A bug was fixed in yule() that affected the calculation of the
188 likelihood in the presence of ties in the branching times.
190 o There was a bug in the C function mat_expo4x4 affecting the
191 calculations of the transition probabilities for models HKY and
194 o A small bug was fixed in as.matrix.DNAbin (thanks to James
197 o rtree() did not `shuffle' the tip labels by default, so only a
198 limited number of labelled topologies could be generated.
202 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.0-1
207 o The three new functions bionj, fastme.ols, and fastme.bal
208 perform phylogeny estimation by the BIONJ and fastME methods in
209 OLS and balanced versions. This is a port to R of previous
210 previous programs done by Vincent Lefort.
212 o The new function chronoMPL performs molecular dating with the
213 mean path lengths method of Britton et al. (2002, Mol. Phyl.
216 o The new function rotate, contributed by Christoph Heibl, swaps
217 two clades connected to the same node. It works also with
218 multichotomous nodes.
220 o The new `method' as.matrix.DNAbin() may be used to convert
221 easily DNA sequences stored in a list into a matrix while
222 keeping the names and the class.
227 o chronopl() failed when some branch lengths were equal to zero:
228 an error message is now returned.
230 o di2multi() failed when there was a series of consecutive edges
235 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.10-2
240 o plot.phylo() can now plot circular trees: the option is type =
241 "fan" or type = "f" (to avoid the ambiguity with type = "c").
243 o prop.part() has a new option `check.labels = FALSE' which allows
244 to considerably speed-up the calculations of bipartitions. As a
245 consequence, calculations of bootstrap values with boot.phylo()
246 should be much faster.
251 o read.GenBank() did not return correctly the list of species as
252 from ape 1.10: this is fixed in this version
254 o Applying as.phylo() on a tree of class "phylo" failed: the
255 object is now returned unchanged.
259 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.10-1
264 o The three new functions Ntip, Nnode, and Nedge return, for a
265 given tree, the number of tips, nodes, or edges, respectively.
270 o read.nexus() did not set correctly the class of the returned
271 object when reading multiple trees.
273 o mllt.plot() failed with objects of class c("multi.tree",
276 o unroot() did not work correctly in most cases.
278 o reorder.phylo() made R freeze in some occasions.
280 o Plotting a tree in pruningwise order failed.
282 o When plotting an unrooted tree, the tip labels where not all
283 correctly positioned if the option `cex' was used.
287 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.10
292 o Five new `method' functions have been introduced to manipulate
293 DNA sequences in binary format (see below).
295 o Three new functions have been introduced to convert between the
296 new binary and the character formats.
298 o The new function as.alignment converts DNA sequences stored as
299 single characters into the class "alignment" used by the package
302 o read.dna() and read.GenBank() have a new argument `as.character'
303 controlling whether the sequences are returned in binary format
309 o root() failed when the tree had node labels: this is fixed.
311 o plot.phylo() did not correctly set the limits on the y-axis with
312 the default setting: this is fixed.
314 o dist.dna() returned a wrong result for the LogDet, paralinear,
315 and BH87 models with `pairwise.deletion = TRUE'.
320 o DNA sequences are now internally stored in a binary format. See
321 the document "A Bit-Level Coding Scheme for Nucleotides" for the
322 details. Most functions analyzing DNA functions have been
323 modified accordingly and are now much faster (dist.dna is now
324 ca. 60 times faster).
328 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-4
333 o A bug was fixed in edgelabels().
335 o as.phylo.hclust() did not work correctly when the object of
336 class "hclust" has its labels set to NULL: the returned tree has
337 now its tip labels set to "1", "2", ...
339 o consensus could fail if some tip labels are a subset of others
340 (e.g., "a" and "a_1"): this is now fixed.
342 o mlphylo() failed in most cases if some branch lengths of the
343 initial tree were greater than one: an error message is now
346 o mlphylo() failed in most cases when estimating the proportion of
347 invariants: this is fixed.
351 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-3
356 o The new function edgelabels adds labels on the edge of the tree
357 in the same way than nodelabels or tiplabels.
362 o multi2di() did not handle correctly branch lengths with the
363 default option `random = TRUE': this is now fixed.
365 o A bug was fixed in nuc.div() when using pairwise deletions.
367 o A bug occurred in the analysis of bipartitions with large
368 numbers of large trees, with consequences on prop.part,
369 prop.clades, and boot.phylo.
371 o The calculation of the Billera-Holmes-Vogtmann distance in
372 dist.topo was wrong: this has been fixed.
376 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-2
381 o The new function ladderize reorganizes the internal structure of
382 a tree to plot them left- or right-ladderized.
384 o The new function dist.nodes computes the patristic distances
385 between all nodes, internal and terminal, of a tree. It replaces
386 the option `full = TRUE' of cophenetic.phylo (see below).
391 o A bug was fixed in old2new.phylo().
393 o Some bugs were fixed in chronopl().
395 o The edge colours were not correctly displayed by plot.phylo
396 (thank you to Li-San Wang for the fix).
398 o cophenetic.phylo() failed with multichotomous trees: this is
404 o read.dna() now returns the sequences in a matrix if they are
405 aligned (interleaved or sequential format). Sequences in FASTA
406 format are still returned in a list.
408 o The option `full' of cophenetic.phylo() has been removed because
409 it could not be used from the generic.
414 o rotate() has been removed; this function did not work correctly
419 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-1
424 o Trees with a single tip were not read correctly in R as the
425 element `Nnode' was not set: this is fixed.
427 o unroot() did not set correctly the number of nodes of the
428 unrooted tree in most cases.
430 o read.GenBank() failed when fetching very long sequences,
431 particularly of the BX-series.
433 o A bug was introduced in read.tree() with ape 1.9: it has been
438 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9
443 o There are two new print `methods' for trees of class "phylo" and
444 lists of trees of class "multi.tree", so that they are now
445 displayed in a compact and informative way.
447 o There are two new functions, old2new.phylo and new2old.phylo,
448 for converting between the old and new coding of the class
451 o dist.dna() has three new models: Barry and Hartigan ("BH87"),
452 LogDet ("logdet"), and paralinear ("paralin").
454 o compute.brlen() has been extended: several methods are now
455 available to compute branch lengths.
457 o write.dna() can now handle matrices as well as lists.
462 o cophenetic.phylo() sometimes returned a wrong result with
463 multichotomous trees: this is fixed.
465 o rotate() failed when a single tip was specified: the tree is now
468 o ace() did not return the correct index matrix with custom
469 models: this is fixed.
471 o multi2di() did not work correctly when resolving multichotomies
472 randomly: the topology was always the same, only the arrangement
473 of clades was randomized: this is fixed. This function now
474 accepts trees with no branch lengths.
476 o The output of diversi.gof() was blurred by useless prints when a
477 user distribution was specified. This has been corrected, and
478 the help page of this function has been expanded.
483 o The internal structure of the class "phylo" has been changed:
484 see the document "Definition of Formats for Coding Phylogenetic
485 Trees in R" for the details. In addition, the code of most
486 functions has been improved.
488 o Several functions have been improved by replacing some R codes
489 by C codes: pic, plot.phylo, and reorder.phylo.
491 o There is now a citation information: see citation("ape") in R.
493 o write.tree() now does not add extra 0's to branch lengths so
494 that 1.23 is printed "1.23" by default, not "1.2300000000".
496 o The syntax of bind.tree() has been simplified. This function now
497 accepts trees with no branch lengths, and handles correctly node
500 o The option `as.numeric' of mrca() has been removed.
502 o The unused options `format' and `rooted' of read.tree() have
505 o The unused option `format' of write.tree() has been removed.
507 o The use of node.depth() has been simplified.
511 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-5
516 o Two new functions read.nexus.data() and write.nexus.data(),
517 contributed by Johan Nylander, allow to read and write molecular
518 sequences in NEXUS files.
520 o The new function reorder.phylo() reorders the internal structure
521 of a tree of class "phylo". It is used as the generic, e.g.,
524 o read.tree() and read.nexus() can now read trees with a single
527 o The new data set `cynipids' supplies a set of protein sequences
533 o The code of all.equal.phylo() has been completely rewritten
534 (thanks to Benoît Durand) which fixes several bugs.
536 o read.tree() and read.nexus() now checks the labels of the tree
537 to remove or substitute any characters that are illegal in the
538 Newick format (parentheses, etc.)
540 o A negative P-value could be returned by mantel.test(): this is
545 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-4
550 o The new function sh.test() computes the Shimodaira-
553 o The new function collapse.singles() removes the nodes with a
554 single descendant from a tree.
556 o plot.phylo() has a new argument `tip.color' to specify the
559 o mlphylo() has now an option `quiet' to control the display of
560 the progress of the analysis (the default is FALSE).
565 o read.dna() did not read correctly sequences in sequential format
566 with leading alignment gaps "-": this is fixed.
568 o ace() returned a list with no class so that the generic
569 functions (anova, logLik, ...) could not be used directly. This
570 is fixed as ace() now returns an object of class "ace".
572 o anova.ace() had a small bug when computing the number of degrees
573 of freedom: this is fixed.
575 o mlphylo() did not work when the sequences were in a matrix or
576 a data frame: this is fixed.
578 o rtree() did not work correctly when trying to simulate an
579 unrooted tree with two tips: an error message is now issued.
584 o The algorithm of rtree() has been changed: it is now about 40,
585 100, and 130 times faster for 10, 100, and 1000 tips,
590 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-3
595 o There are four new `method' functions to be used with the
596 results of ace(): logLik(), deviance(), AIC(), and anova().
598 o The plot method of phymltest has two new arguments: `main' to
599 change the title, and `col' to control the colour of the
600 segments showing the AIC values.
602 o ace() has a new argument `ip' that gives the initial values used
603 in the ML estimation with discrete characters (see the examples
604 in ?ace). This function now returns a matrix giving the indices
605 of the estimated rates when analysing discrete characters.
607 o nodelabels() and tiplabels() have a new argument `pie' to
608 represent proportions, with any number of categories, as
609 piecharts. The use of the option `thermo' has been improved:
610 there is now no limitation on the number of categories.
615 o mlphylo() did not work with more than two partitions: this is
618 o root() failed if the proposed outgroup was already an outgroup
619 in the tree: this is fixed.
621 o The `col' argument in nodelabels() and tiplabels() was not
622 correctly passed when `text' was used: this is fixed.
624 o Two bugs were fixed in mlphylo(): parameters were not always
625 correctly output, and the estimation failed in some cases.
627 o plot.phylo() was stuck when given a tree with a single tip: this
628 is fixed and a message error is now returned.
630 o An error was corrected in the help page of gammaStat regarding
631 the calculation of P-values.
633 o Using gls() could crash R when the number of species in the tree
634 and in the variables were different: this is fixed.
638 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-2
643 o The new function mlphylo() fits a phylogenetic tree by maximum
644 likelihood from DNA sequences. Its companion function DNAmodel()
645 is used to define the substitution model which may include
646 partitioning. There are methods for logLik(), deviance(), and
647 AIC(), and the summary() method has been extended to display in
648 a friendly way the results of this model fitting. Currently, the
649 functionality is limited to estimating the substitution and
650 associated parameters and computing the likelihood.
652 o The new function drop1.compar.gee (used as, e.g., drop1(m))
653 tests for single effects in GEE-based comparative method. A
654 warning message is printed if there is not enough degrees of
660 o An error message was sometimes issued by plot.multi.tree(),
661 though with no consequence.
665 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-1
670 o There is a new plot method for lists of trees (objects of class
671 "multi.tree"): it calls plot.phylo() internally and is
672 documented on the same help page.
677 o A bug was fixed in the C code that analyzes bipartitions: this
678 has impact on several functions like prop.part, prop.clades,
679 boot.phylo, or consensus.
681 o root() did not work correctly when the specified outgroup had
682 more than one element: this is fixed.
684 o dist.dna() sometimes returned a warning inappropriately: this
687 o If the distance object given to nj() had no rownames, nj()
688 returned a tree with no tip labels: it now returns tips labelled
689 "1", "2", ..., corresponding to the row numbers.
694 o nj() has been slightly changed so that tips with a zero distance
695 are first aggregated with zero-lengthed branches; the usual NJ
696 procedure is then performed on a distance matrix without 0's.
700 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8
705 o The new function chronopl() estimates dates using the penalized
706 likelihood method by Sanderson (2002; Mol. Biol. Evol., 19:101).
708 o The new function consensus() calculates the consensus tree of a
711 o The new function evolve.phylo() simulates the evolution of
712 continuous characters along a phylogeny under a Brownian model.
714 o The new plot method for objects of class "ancestral" displays a
715 tree together with ancestral values, as returned by the above
718 o The new function as.phylo.formula() returns a phylogeny from a
719 set of nested taxonomic variables given as a formula.
721 o The new function read.caic() reads trees in CAIC format.
723 o The new function tiplabels() allows to add labels to the tips
724 of a tree using text or plotting symbols in a flexible way.
726 o The new function unroot() unroots a phylogeny.
728 o multi2di() has a new option, `random', which specifies whether
729 to resolve the multichotomies randomly (the default) or not.
731 o prop.part() now returns an object of class "prop.part" for which
732 there are print (to display a partition in a more friendly way)
733 and summary (to extract the numbers) methods.
735 o plot.phylo() has a new option, `show.tip.label', specifying
736 whether to print the labels of the tips. The default is TRUE.
738 o The code of nj() has been replaced by a faster C code: it is now
739 about 10, 25, and 40 times faster for 50, 100, and 200 taxa,
742 o write.nexus() now writes whether a tree is rooted or not.
747 o Two bugs have been fixed in root(): unrooted trees are now
748 handled corretly, and node labels are now output normally.
750 o A bug was fixed in phymltest(): the executable couldn't be found
753 o Three bug have been fixed in ace(): computing the likelihood of
754 ancestral states of discrete characters failed, custom models
755 did not work, and the function failed with a null gradient (a
756 warning message is now returned; this latter bug was also
757 present in yule.cov() as well and is now fixed).
759 o pic() hanged out when missing data were present: a message error
762 o A small bug was fixed in dist.dna() where the gamma correction
763 was not always correctly dispatched.
765 o plot.phylo() plotted correctly the root edge only when the tree
766 was plotted rightwards: this works now for all directions.
771 o dist.taxo() has been renamed as weight.taxo().
773 o Various error and warning messages have been improved.
777 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.7
780 o The new function ace() estimates ancestral character states for
781 continuous characters (with ML, GLS, and contrasts methods), and
782 discrete characters (with ML only) for any number of states.
784 o The new function compar.ou() fits the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model
785 of directional evolution for continuous characters. The user
786 specifies the node(s) of the tree where the character optimum
789 o The new function is.rooted() tests whether a tree (of class
792 o The new function rcoal() generates random ultrametric trees with
793 the possibility to specify the function that generates the
794 inter-nodes distances.
796 o The new function mrca() gives for all pairs of tips in a tree
797 (and optionally nodes too) the most recent common ancestor.
799 o nodelabels() has a new option `thermo' to plot proportions (up
800 to three classes) on the nodes of a tree.
802 o rtree() has been improved: it can now generate rooted or
803 unrooted trees, and the mathematical function that generates the
804 branch lengths may be specified by the user. The tip labels may
805 be given directly in the call to rtree. The limit cases (n = 2,
806 3) are now handled correctly.
808 o dist.topo() has a new argument `method' with two choices: "PH85"
809 for Penny and Henny's method (already available before and now
810 the default), and "BHV01" for the geometric distance by Billera
811 et al. (2001, Adv. Appl. Math. 27:733).
813 o write.tree() has a new option, `digits', which specifies the
814 number of digits to be printed in the Newick tree. By default
815 digits = 10. The numbers are now always printed in decimal form
816 (i.e., 1.0e-1 is now avoided).
818 o dist.dna() can now compute the raw distances between pairs of
819 DNA sequences by specifying model = "raw".
821 o dist.phylo() has a new option `full' to possibly compute the
822 distances among all tips and nodes of the tree. The default if
828 o Several bugs were fixed in all.equal.phylo().
830 o dist.dna() did not handle correctly gaps ("-") in alignments:
831 they are now considered as missing data.
833 o rotate() did not work if the tips were not ordered: this is
836 o mantel.test() returned NA in some special cases: this is fixed
837 and the function has been improved and is now faster.
839 o A bug was fixed in diversi.gof() where the calculation of A² was
842 o cherry() did not work correctly under some OSs (mainly Linux):
845 o is.binary.tree() has been modified so that it works with both
846 rooted and unrooted trees.
848 o The documentation of theta.s() was not correct: this has been
851 o plot.mst() did not work correctly: this is fixed.
855 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.6
860 o The new function dist.topo() computes the topological distances
863 o The new function boot.phylo() performs a bootstrap analysis on
864 phylogeny estimation.
866 o The new functions prop.part() and prop.clades() analyse
867 bipartitions from a series of trees.
872 o read.GenBank() now uses the EFetch utility of NCBI instead of
873 the usual Web interface: it is now much faster (e.g., 12 times
874 faster to retrieve 8 sequences, 37 times for 60 sequences).
879 o Several bugs were fixed in read.dna().
881 o Several bugs were fixed in diversi.time().
883 o is.binary.tree() did not work correctly if the tree has no edge
884 lengths: this is fixed.
886 o drop.tip() did not correctly propagated the `node.label' of a
891 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.5
896 o Two new functions, as.matching.phylo() and as.phylo.matching(),
897 convert objects between the classes "phylo" and "matching". The
898 latter implements the representation of binary trees introduced by
899 Diaconis and Holmes (1998; PNAS 95:14600). The generic function
900 as.matching() has been introduced as well.
902 o Two new functions, multi2di() and di2multi(), allow to resolve
903 and collapse multichotomies with branches of length zero.
905 o The new function nuc.div() computes the nucleotide diversity
906 from a sample a DNA sequences.
908 o dist.dna() has been completely rewritten with a much faster
909 (particularly for large data sets) C code. Eight models are
910 available: JC69, K80, F81, K81, F84, T92, TN93, and GG95 (the
911 option `method' has been renamed `model'). Computation of variance
912 is available for all models. A gamma-correction is possible for
913 JC69, K80, F81, and TN93. There is a new option, pairwise.deletion,
914 to remove sites with missing data on a pairwise basis. The option
915 `GCcontent' has been removed.
917 o read.GenBank() has a new option (species.names) which specifies
918 whether to return the species names of the organisms in addition
919 to the accession numbers of the sequences (this is the default
922 o write.nexus() can now write several trees in the same NEXUS file.
924 o drop.tip() has a new option `root.edge' that allows to specify the
925 new root edge if internal branches are trimmed.
930 o as.phylo.hclust() failed if some labels had parentheses: this
933 o Several bugs were fixed in all.equal.phylo(). This function now
934 returns the logical TRUE if the trees are identical but with
935 different representations (a report was printed previously).
937 o read.GenBank() did not correctly handle ambiguous base codes:
943 o birthdeath() now returns an object of class "birthdeath" for
944 which there is a print method.
948 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.4
953 o The new function nj() performs phylogeny estimation with the
954 neighbor-joining method of Saitou and Nei (1987; Mol. Biol.
957 o The new function which.edge() identifies the edges of a tree
958 that belong to a group specified as a set of tips.
960 o The new function as.phylo.phylog() converts an object of class
961 "phylog" (from the package ade4) into an object of class
964 o The new function axisPhylo() draws axes on the side of a
967 o The new function howmanytrees() calculates the number of trees
968 in different cases and giving a number of tips.
970 o write.tree() has a new option `multi.line' (TRUE by default) to
971 write a Newick tree on several lines rather than on a single
974 o The functionalities of zoom() have been extended. Several
975 subtrees can be visualized at the same time, and they are marked
976 on the main tree with colors. The context of the subtrees can be
977 marked with the option `subtree' (see below).
979 o drop.tip() has a new option `subtree' (FALSE by default) which
980 specifies whether to output in the tree how many tips have been
983 o The arguments of add.scale.bar() have been redefined and have
984 now default values (see ?add.scale.bar for details). This
985 function now works even if the plotted tree has no edge length.
987 o plot.phylo() can now plot radial trees, but this does not take
988 edge lengths into account.
990 o In plot.phylo() with `type = "phylogram"', if the values of
991 `edge.color' and `edge.width' are identical for sister-branches,
992 they are propagated to the vertical line that link them.
997 o Repeated calls to as.phylo.hclust() or as.hclust.phylo() made R
998 crashing. This is fixed.
1000 o In plot.phylo(), the options `edge.color' and `edge.width' are
1001 now properly recycled; their default values are now "black" and
1004 o A bug has been fixed in write.nexus().
1009 o The function node.depth.edgelength() has been removed and
1010 replaced by a C code.
1014 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.3-1
1019 o The new function nodelabels() allows to add labels to the nodes
1020 of a tree using text or plotting symbols in a flexible way.
1022 o In plot.phylo() the arguments `x.lim' and `y.lim' can now be two
1023 numeric values specifying the lower and upper limits on the x-
1024 and y-axes. This allows to leave some space on any side of the
1025 tree. If a single value is given, this is taken as the upper
1030 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.3
1035 o The new function phymltest() calls the software PHYML and fits
1036 28 models of DNA sequence evolution. There are a print method to
1037 display likelihood and AIC values, a summary method to compute
1038 the hierarchical likelihood ratio tests, and a plot method to
1039 display graphically the AIC values of each model.
1041 o The new function yule.cov() fits the Yule model with covariates,
1042 a model where the speciation rate is affected by several species
1043 traits through a generalized linear model. The parameters are
1044 estimated by maximum likelihood.
1046 o Three new functions, corBrownian(), corGrafen(), and
1047 corMartins(), compute the expected correlation structures among
1048 species given a phylogeny under different models of evolution.
1049 These can be used for GLS comparative phylogenetic methods (see
1050 the examples). There are coef() and corMatrix() methods and an
1051 Initialize.corPhyl() function associated.
1053 o The new function compar.cheverud() implements Cheverud et al.'s
1054 (1985; Evolution 39:1335) phylogenetic comparative method.
1056 o The new function varcomp() estimates variance components; it has
1059 o Two new functions, panel.superpose.correlogram() and
1060 plot.correlogramList(), allow to plot several phylogenetic
1063 o The new function node.leafnumber() computes the number of leaves
1064 of a subtree defined by a particular node.
1066 o The new function node.sons() gets all tags of son nodes from a
1069 o The new function compute.brlen() computes the branch lengths of
1070 a tree according to a specified method.
1072 o plot.phylo() has three new options: "cex" controls the size of
1073 the (tip and node) labels (thus it is no more needed to change
1074 the global graphical parameter), "direction" which allows to
1075 plot the tree rightwards, leftwards, upwards, or downwards, and
1076 "y.lim" which sets the upper limit on the y-axis.
1081 o Some functions which try to match tip labels and names of
1082 additional data (e.g. vector) are likely to fail if there are
1083 typing or syntax errors. If both series of names do not perfectly
1084 match, they are ignored and a warning message is now issued.
1085 These functions are bd.ext, compar.gee, pic. Their help pages
1086 have been clarified on this point.
1090 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-7
1095 o The new function root() reroots a phylogenetic tree with respect
1096 to a specified outgroup.
1098 o The new function rotate() rotates an internal branch of a tree.
1100 o In plot.phylo(), the new argument "lab4ut" (labels for unrooted
1101 trees) controls the display of the tip labels in unrooted trees.
1102 This display has been greatly improved: the tip labels are now not
1103 expected to overlap with the tree (particularly if lab4ut =
1104 "axial"). In all cases, combining appropriate values of "lab4ut"
1105 and the font size (via "par(cex = )") should result in readable
1106 unrooted trees. See ?plot.phylo for some examples.
1108 o In drop.tip(), the argument `tip' can now be numeric or character.
1113 o drop.tip() did not work correctly with trees with no branch
1114 lengths: this is fixed.
1116 o A bug in plot.phylo(..., type = "unrooted") made some trees being
1117 plotted with some line crossings: this is now fixed.
1121 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-6
1126 o Six new functions (Moran.I, correlogram.formula, discrete.dist,
1127 correlogram.phylo, dist.taxo, plot.correlogram) have been added
1128 to implement comparative methods with an autocorrelation approach.
1130 o A new data set describing some life history traits of Carnivores
1136 o A fix was made on mcmc.popsize() to conform to R 2.0.0.
1141 o When plotting a tree with plot.phylo(), the new default of the
1142 option `label.offset' is now 0, so the labels are always visible.
1146 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-5
1151 o The new function bd.ext() fits a birth-death model with combined
1152 phylogenetic and taxonomic data, and estimates the corresponding
1153 speciation and extinction rates.
1158 o The package gee is no more required by ape but only suggested
1159 since only the function compar.gee() calls gee.
1163 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-4
1168 o Four new functions (mcmc.popsize, extract.popsize, plot.popsize,
1169 and lines.popsize) implementing a new approach for inferring the
1170 demographic history from genealogies using a reversible jump
1171 MCMC have been introduced.
1173 o The unit of time in the skyline plot and in the new plots can
1174 now be chosen to be actual years, rather than substitutions.
1178 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-3
1183 o The new function rtree() generates a random binary tree with or
1184 without branch lengths.
1186 o Two new functions for drawing lineages-through-time (LTT) plots
1187 are provided: ltt.lines() adds a LTT curve to an existing plot,
1188 and mltt.plot() does a multiple LTT plot giving several trees as
1189 arguments (see `?ltt.plot' for details).
1194 o Some taxon names made R crashing when calling as.phylo.hclust():
1197 o dist.dna() returned an error with two identical DNA sequences
1198 (only using the Jukes-Cantor method returned 0): this is fixed.
1203 o The function dist.phylo() has been re-written using a different
1204 algorithm: it is now about four times faster.
1206 o The code of branching.times() has been improved: it is now about
1211 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-2
1216 o The new function seg.sites() finds the segregating sites in a
1217 sample of DNA sequences.
1222 o A bug introduced in read.tree() and in read.nexus() with version
1225 o A few errors were corrected and a few examples were added in the
1230 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-1
1235 o plot.phylo() can now draw the edge of the root of a tree if it
1236 has one (see the new option `root.edge', its default is FALSE).
1241 o A bug was fixed in read.nexus(): files with semicolons inside
1242 comment blocks were not read correctly.
1244 o The behaviour of read.tree() and read.nexus() was corrected so
1245 that tree files with badly represented root edges (e.g., with
1246 an extra pair of parentheses, see the help pages for details)
1247 are now correctly represented in the object of class "phylo";
1248 a warning message is now issued.
1252 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2
1257 o plot.phylo() has been completely re-written and offers several
1258 new functionalities. Three types of trees can now be drawn:
1259 phylogram (as previously), cladogram, and unrooted tree; in
1260 all three types the branch lengths can be drawn using the edge
1261 lengths of the phylogeny or not (e.g., if the latter is absent).
1262 The vertical position of the nodes can be adjusted with two
1263 choices (see option `node.pos'). The code has been re-structured,
1264 and two new functions (potentially useful for developpers) are
1265 documented separately: node.depth.edgelength() and node.depth();
1266 see the respective help pages for details.
1268 o The new function zoom() allows to explore very large trees by
1269 focusing on a small portion of it.
1271 o The new function yule() fits by maximum likelihood the Yule model
1272 (birth-only process) to a phylogenetic tree.
1274 o Support for writing DNA sequences in FASTA format has been
1275 introduced in write.dna() (support for reading sequences in
1276 this format was introduced in read.dna() in version 1.1-2).
1277 The function has been completely re-written, fixing some bugs
1278 (see below); the default behaviour is no more to display the
1279 sequences on the standard output. Several options have been
1280 introduced to control the sequence printing in a flexible
1281 way. The help page has been extended.
1283 o A new data set is included: a supertree of bats in NEXUS format.
1288 o In theta.s(), the default of the option `variance' has
1289 been changed to `FALSE' (as was indicated in the help page).
1291 o Several bugs were fixed in the code of all.equal.phylo().
1293 o Several bugs were fixed in write.dna(), particularly this
1294 function did not work with `format = "interleaved"'.
1296 o Various errors were corrected in the help pages.
1301 o The argument names of as.hclust.phylo() have been changed
1302 from "(phy)" to "(x, ...)" to conform to the definition of
1303 the corresponding generic function.
1305 o gamma.stat() has been renamed gammaStat() to avoid confusion
1306 since gamma() is a generic function.
1310 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1-3
1315 o base.freq() previously did not return a value of 0 for
1316 bases absent in the data (e.g., a vector of length 3 was
1317 returned if one base was absent). This is now fixed (a
1318 vector of length 4 is always returned).
1320 o Several bugs were fixed in read.nexus(), including that this
1321 function did not work in this absence of a "TRANSLATE"
1322 command in the NEXUS file, and that the commands were
1327 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1-2
1332 o The Tamura and Nei (1993) model of DNA distance is now implemented
1333 in dist.dna(): five models are now available in this function.
1335 o A new data set is included: a set of 15 sequences of the
1336 cytochrome b mitochondrial gene of the woodmouse (Apodemus
1342 o A bug in read.nexus() was fixed.
1344 o read.dna() previously did not work correctly in most cases.
1345 The function has been completely re-written and its help page
1346 has been considerably extended (see ?read.dna for details).
1347 Underscores (_) in taxon names are no more replaced with
1348 spaces (this behaviour was undocumented).
1350 o A bug was fixed in write.dna().
1354 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1-1
1359 o A bug in read.tree() introduced in APE 1.1 was fixed.
1361 o A bug in compar.gee() resulted in an error when trying to fit
1362 a model with `family = "binomial"'. This is now fixed.
1366 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1
1371 o The Klastorin (1982) method as suggested by Misawa and Tajima
1372 (2000, Mol. Biol. Evol. 17:1879-1884) for classifying genes
1373 on the basis of phylogenetic trees has been implemented (see
1374 the function klastorin()).
1376 o Functions have been added to convert APE's "phylo" objects in
1377 "hclust" cluster objects and vice versa (see the help page of
1378 as.phylo for details).
1380 o Three new functions, ratogram(), chronogram() and NPRS.criterion(),
1381 are introduced for the estimation of absolute evolutionary rates
1382 (ratogram) and dated clock-like trees (chronogram) from
1383 phylogenetic trees using the non-parametric rate smoothing approach
1384 by MJ Sanderson (1997, Mol. Biol. Evol. 14:1218-1231).
1386 o A summary method is now provided printing a summary information on a
1387 phylogenetic tree with, for instance, `summary(tree)'.
1389 o The behaviour of read.tree() was changed so that all spaces and
1390 tabulations in tree files are now ignored. Consequently, spaces in tip
1391 labels are no more allowed. Another side effect is that read.nexus()
1392 now does not replace the underscores (_) in tip labels with spaces
1393 (this behaviour was undocumented).
1395 o The function plot.phylo() has a new option (`underscore') which
1396 specifies whether the underscores in tip labels should be written on
1397 the plot as such or replaced with spaces (the default).
1399 o The function birthdeath() now computes 95% confidence intervals of
1400 the estimated parameters using profile likelihood.
1402 o Three new data sets are included: a gene tree estimated from 36
1403 landplant rbcL sequences, a gene tree estimated from 32 opsin
1404 sequences, and a gene tree for 50 BRCA1 mammalian sequences.
1409 o A bug was fixed in dist.gene() where nothing was returned.
1411 o A bug in plot.mst() was fixed.
1413 o A bug in vcv.phylo() resulted in false correlations when the
1414 option `cor = TRUE' was used (now fixed).
1418 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.0
1423 o Two new functions, read.dna() and write.dna(), read/write in a file
1424 DNA sequences in interleaved or in sequential format.
1426 o Two new functions, read.nexus() and write.nexus(), read/write trees
1429 o The new function bind.tree() allows to bind two trees together,
1430 possibly handling root edges to give internal branches.
1432 o The new function drop.tip() removes the tips in a phylogenetic tree,
1433 and trims (or not) the corresponding internal branches.
1435 o The new function is.ultrametric() tests if a tree is ultrametric.
1437 o The function plot.phylo() has more functionalities such as drawing the
1438 branches with different colours and/or different widths, showing the
1439 node labels, controling the position and font of the labels, rotating
1440 the labels, and controling the space around the plot.
1442 o The function read.tree() can now read trees with no branch length,
1443 such as "(a,b),c);". Consequently, the element `edge.length' in
1444 objects of class "phylo" is now optional.
1446 o The function write.tree() has a new default behaviour: if the default
1447 for the option `file' is used (i.e. file = ""), then a variable of
1448 mode character containing the tree in Newick format is returned which
1449 can thus be assigned (e.g., tree <- write.tree(phy)).
1451 o The function read.tree() has a new argument `text' which allows
1452 to read the tree in a variable of mode character.
1454 o A new data set is included: the phylogenetic relationships among
1455 the orders of birds from Sibley and Ahlquist (1990).
1459 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 0.2-1
1464 o Several bugs were fixed in the help pages.
1468 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 0.2
1473 o The function write.tree() writes phylogenetic trees (objects of class
1474 "phylo") in an ASCII file using the Newick parenthetic format.
1476 o The function birthdeath() fits a birth-death model to branching times
1477 by maximum likelihood, and estimates the corresponding speciation and
1480 o The function scale.bar() adds a scale bar to a plot of a phylogenetic
1483 o The function is.binary.tree() tests whether a phylogeny is binary.
1485 o Two generic functions, coalescent.intervals() and collapsed.intervals(),
1486 as well as some methods are introduced.
1488 o Several functions, including some generics and methods, for computing
1489 skyline plot estimates (classic and generalized) of effective
1490 population size through time are introduced and replace the function
1491 skyline.plot() in version 0.1.
1493 o Two data sets are now included: the phylogenetic relationships among
1494 the families of birds from Sibley and Ahlquist (1990), and an
1495 estimated clock-like phylogeny of HIV sequences sampled in the
1496 Democratic Republic of Congo.
1499 DEPRECATED & DEFUNCT
1501 o The function skyline.plot() in ape 0.1 has been deprecated and
1502 replaced by more elaborate functions (see above).
1507 o Two important bugs were fixed in plot.phylo(): phylogenies with
1508 multichotomies not at the root or not with only terminal branches,
1509 and phylogenies with a single node (i.e. only terminal branches)
1510 did not plot. These trees should be plotted correctly now.
1512 o Several bugs were fixed in diversi.time() in the computation of
1515 o Various errors were corrected in the help pages.