1 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.4
6 o base.freq() has a new option 'freq' to return the counts; the
7 default is still to return the proportions.
12 o seg.sites() did not handle ambiguous nucleotides correctly: they
15 o plot(phy, root.edge = TRUE) failed if there was no $root.edge in
16 the tree: the argument is now ignored.
21 o Trying to plot a tree with a single tip now returns NULL with a
22 warning (it returned an error previously).
24 o The way lines representing nodes are coloured in phylograms has
25 been modified (as well as their widths and types) following some
26 users' request; this is only for dichotomous nodes.
28 o Deprecated functions are now listed in a help page: see
29 help("ape-defunct"), with the quotes!
34 o The functions heterozygosity, nuc.div, theta.h, theta.k and
35 theta.s have been moved from ape to pegas.
39 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.3-3
44 o add.scale.bar() always drew a horizontal bar.
46 o zoom() shuffled tips with unrooted trees.
48 o write.nexus() failed to write correctly trees with a "TipLabel"
51 o rcoal() failed to compute branch lengths with very large n.
53 o A small bug was fixed in compar.cheverud() (thanks to Michael
56 o seg.sites() failed when passing a vector.
58 o drop.tip() sometimes shuffled tip labels.
60 o root() shuffled node labels with 'resolve.root = TRUE'.
64 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.3-2
69 o all.equal.phylo() did not compare unrooted trees correctly.
71 o dist.topo(... method = "PH85") did not treat unrooted trees
72 correctly (thanks to Tim Wallstrom for the fix).
74 o root() sometimes failed to test for the monophyly of the
77 o extract.clade() sometimes included too many edges.
79 o vcv.phylo() did not work correctly when the tree is in
82 o nj() did not handle correctly distance matrices with many 0's.
83 The code has also been significantly improved: 7, 70, 160 times
84 faster with n = 100, 500, 1000, respectively.
88 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.3-1
93 o The new function is.monophyletic tests the monophyly of a group.
95 o There is now a c() method for lists of class "DNAbin".
97 o yule.cov() now fits the null model, and its help page has been
98 corrected with respect to this change.
100 o drop.tip() has a new option 'rooted' to force (or not) a tree
101 to be treated as (un)rooted.
106 o dist.gene() failed on most occasions with the default
107 pairwise.deletion = FALSE.
109 o read.tree() failed to read correctly the tree name(s).
111 o boot.phylo() now treats correctly data frames.
113 o del.gaps() did not copy the rownames of a matrix.
115 o A small bug was fixed in CDAM.global().
117 o ace() failed with large data sets. Thanks to Rich FitzJohn for
118 the fix. With other improvements, this function is now about 6
121 o write.tree() failed with objects of class "multiPhylo".
123 o drop.tip(, subtree = TRUE) sometimes shuffled tip labels.
128 o [.multiPhylo and [.DNAbin now respect the original class.
130 o Instances of the form class(phy) == "phylo" have been replaced
131 by inherits(phy, "phylo").
133 o rcoal() is now faster.
138 o klastorin() has been removed.
142 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.3
147 o The new functions CADM.global and CADM.post, contributed by
148 Pierre Legendre, test the congruence among several distance
151 o The new function yule.time fits a user-defined time-dependent
152 Yule model by maximum likelihood.
154 o The new function makeNodeLabel creates and/or modifies node
155 labels in a flexible way.
157 o read.tree() and write.tree() have been modified so that they can
158 handle individual tree names.
160 o plot.phylo() has a new argument 'edge.lty' that specifies the
161 types of lines used for the edges (plain, dotted, dashed, ...)
163 o phymltest() has been updated to work with PhyML 3.0.1.
168 o drop.tip() shuffled tip labels in some cases.
170 o drop.tip() did not handle node.label correctly.
172 o is.ultrametric() now checks the ordering of the edge matrix.
174 o ace() sometimes returned negative values of likelihoods of
175 ancestral states (thanks to Dan Rabosky for solving this long
181 o The data set xenarthra has been removed.
185 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.2-4
189 o The bug fix in read.nexus() in version 2.2-3 was wrong: this is
190 now fixed. (Thanks to Peter Wragg for the fix!)
192 o A warning message occurred for no reason with ace(method="GLS").
197 o There is now a general help page displayed with '?ape'
201 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.2-3
206 o The new function extract.clade extracts a clade from a tree by
207 specifying a node number or label.
209 o fastme.bal() has two new options 'spr' and 'tbr' to perform tree
210 operations of the same names.
212 o dist.dna() can now return the number of site differences by
213 specifying model="N".
218 o chronopl() did not work with CV = TRUE.
220 o read.nexus() did not work correctly in some situations (trees on
221 multiple lines with different numbers of lines and/or with
222 comments inserted within the trees).
224 o ltt.plot(), ltt.lines(), and mltt.plot() did not count correctly
225 the number of lineages with non-binary trees.
230 o ape has now a namespace.
232 o drop.tip() has been improved: it should be much faster and work
233 better in some cases (e.g., see the example in ?zoom).
237 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.2-2
242 o dist.gene() has been substantially improved and gains an option
245 o cbind.DNAbin() has a new option 'fill.with.gaps' and is now
251 o prop.part() failed with a single tree with the default option
252 'check.labels = TRUE'.
254 o summary.DNAbin() failed to display correctly the summary of
255 sequence lengths with lists of sequences of 10,000 bases or more
256 (because summary.default uses 4 significant digits by default).
258 o read.nexus() failed to read a file with a single tree with line
259 breaks in the Newick string.
261 o del.gaps() returned a list of empty sequences when there were no
267 o phymltest() has been updated for PhyML 3.0 and gains an option
268 'append', whereas the option 'path2exec' has been removed.
270 o rbind.DNAbin() and cbind.DNAbin() now accept a single matrix
271 which is returned unchanged (instead of an error).
273 o The data sets bird.orders and bird.families are now stored as
274 Newick strings; i.e., the command data(bird.orders) calls
279 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.2-1
284 o The new function makeLabel() helps to modify labels of trees,
285 lists of trees, or DNA sequences, with several utilities to
286 truncate and/or make them unique, substituting some
287 characters, and so on.
289 o The new function del.gaps() removes insertion gaps ("-") in a
290 set of DNA sequences.
292 o read.dna() can now read Clustal files (*.aln).
297 o root() failed with 'resolve.root = TRUE' when the root was
298 already the specified root.
300 o Several bugs were fixed in mlphylo().
302 o collapsed.singles() did not propagate the 'Nnode' and
303 'node.labels' elements (thanks to Elizabeth Purdom for the fix).
305 o read.nexus() failed to remove correctly the comments within
308 o read.nexus() failed to read a file with a single tree and no
309 translation of tip labels.
311 o read.nexus() failed to place correctly tip labels when reading
312 a single tree with no edge lengths.
314 o A bug was fixed in sh.test().
319 o unique.multiPhylo() is faster thanks to a suggestion by Vladimir
322 o The option 'check.labels' of consensus() and prop.part() is now
325 o write.dna() now does not truncate names to 10 characters with
330 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.2
335 o Four new functions have been written by Damien de Vienne for the
336 graphical exploration of large trees (cophyloplot, subtrees,
337 subtreeplot), and to return the graphical coordinates of tree
340 o The new functions corPagel and corBlomberg implement the Pagel's
341 "lambda" and Blomberg et al.'s "ACDC" correlation structures.
343 o chronopl() has been improved and gains several options: see its
344 help page for details.
346 o boot.phylo() has now an option 'trees' to possibly return the
347 bootstraped trees (the default is FALSE).
349 o prop.part() has been improved and should now be faster in all
355 o read.dna() failed if "?" occurred in the first 10 sites of the
358 o The x/y aspect of the plot is now respected when plotting a
359 circular tree (type = "r" or "f").
361 o Drawing the tip labels sometimes failed when plotting circular
364 o zoom() failed when tip labels were used instead of their numbers
365 (thanks to Yan Wong for the fix).
367 o drop.tip() failed with some trees (fixed by Yan Wong).
369 o seg.sites() failed with a list.
371 o consensus() failed in some cases. The function has been improved
372 as well and is faster.
376 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1-3
381 o A bug in read.nexus() made the Windows R-GUI crash.
383 o An error was fixed in the computation of ancestral character
384 states by generalized least squares in ace().
386 o di2multi() did not modify node labels correctly.
388 o multi2di() failed if the tree had its attribute "order" set to
393 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1-2
398 o There three new methods for the "multiPhylo" class: str, $,
401 o root() gains the options 'node' and 'resolve.root'
402 (FALSE by default) as well as its code being improved.
404 o mltt.plot() has now an option 'log' used in the same way
405 than in plot.default().
410 o mltt.plot() failed to display the legend with an unnamed
413 o nodelabels() with pies now correcly uses the argument
414 'cex' to draw symbols of different sizes (which has
415 worked already for thermometers).
417 o read.nexus() generally failed to read very big files.
422 o The argument 'family' of compar.gee() can now be a function
423 as well as a character string.
425 o read.tree() and read.nexus() now return an unnamed list if
428 o read.nexus() now returns a modified object of class "multiPhylo"
429 when there is a TRANSLATE block in the NEXUS file: the individual
430 trees have no 'tip.label' vector, but the list has a 'TipLabel'
431 attribute. The new methods '$' and '[[' set these elements
432 correctly when extracting trees.
436 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1-1
441 o The new function rmtree generates lists of random trees.
443 o rcoal() now generates a genuine coalescent tree by default
444 (thanks to Vladimir Minin for the code).
449 o nuc.div() returned an incorrect value with the default
450 pairwise.deletion = FALSE.
455 o The internal codes of bionj(), fastme.bal(), and fastme.ols()
456 have been improved so that they are stabler and faster.
458 o R packages used by ape are now loaded silently; lattice and gee
459 are loaded only when needed.
463 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1
468 o The new function identify.phylo identifies clades on a plotted
469 tree using the mouse.
471 o It is now possible to subset a list of trees (object of class
472 "multiPhylo") with "[" while keeping its class correct.
474 o The new function as.DNAbin.alignment converts DNA sequences
475 stored in the "alignment" format of the package seqinr into
476 an object of class "DNAbin".
478 o The new function weight.taxo2 helps to build similarity matrices
479 given two taxonomic levels (usually called by other functions).
481 o write.tree() can now take a list of trees (class "multiPhylo")
482 as its main argument.
484 o plot.correlogram() and plot.correlogramList() have been
485 improved, and gain several options (see the help page for
486 details). A legend is now plotted by default.
491 o dist.dna() returned some incorrect values with `model = "JC69"'
492 and `pairwise.deletion = TRUE'. This affected only the
493 distances involving sequences with missing values. (Thanks
494 to Bruno Toupance for digging this bug out.)
496 o write.tree() failed with some trees: this is fixed by removing
497 the `multi.line' option (trees are now always printed on a
500 o read.nexus() did not correctly detect trees with multiple root
501 edges (see OTHER CHANGES).
506 o The code of mlphylo() has been almost entirely rewritten, and
507 should be much stabler. The options have been also greatly
508 simplified (see ?mlphylo and ?DNAmodel for details).
510 o The internal function nTips has been renamed klastorin_nTips.
512 o The code of is.ultrametric() contained redundancies and has
515 o The code of Moran.I() and of correlogram.formula() have been
518 o read.tree() and read.nexus() now return an error when trying to
519 read a tree with multiple root edges (see BUG FIXES). The
520 correction applied in previous version did not work in all
523 o The class c("multi.tree", "phylo") has been renamed
529 o There is now a vignette in ape: see vignette("MoranI", "ape").
534 o as.matching() and as.phylo.matching() do not support branch
537 o correlogram.phylo() and discrete.dist() have been removed.
541 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.0-2
546 o The new function matexpo computes the exponential of a square
549 o The new function unique.multi.tree removes duplicate trees from
552 o yule() has a new option `use.root.edge = FALSE' that specifies
553 to ignore, by default, the root edge of the tree if it exists.
558 o which.edge() failed when the index of a single terminal edge was
561 o In diversi.time(), the values returned for model C were
564 o A bug was fixed in yule() that affected the calculation of the
565 likelihood in the presence of ties in the branching times.
567 o There was a bug in the C function mat_expo4x4 affecting the
568 calculations of the transition probabilities for models HKY and
571 o A small bug was fixed in as.matrix.DNAbin (thanks to James
574 o rtree() did not `shuffle' the tip labels by default, so only a
575 limited number of labelled topologies could be generated.
579 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.0-1
584 o The three new functions bionj, fastme.ols, and fastme.bal
585 perform phylogeny estimation by the BIONJ and fastME methods in
586 OLS and balanced versions. This is a port to R of previous
587 previous programs done by Vincent Lefort.
589 o The new function chronoMPL performs molecular dating with the
590 mean path lengths method of Britton et al. (2002, Mol. Phyl.
593 o The new function rotate, contributed by Christoph Heibl, swaps
594 two clades connected to the same node. It works also with
595 multichotomous nodes.
597 o The new `method' as.matrix.DNAbin() may be used to convert
598 easily DNA sequences stored in a list into a matrix while
599 keeping the names and the class.
604 o chronopl() failed when some branch lengths were equal to zero:
605 an error message is now returned.
607 o di2multi() failed when there was a series of consecutive edges
612 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.10-2
617 o plot.phylo() can now plot circular trees: the option is type =
618 "fan" or type = "f" (to avoid the ambiguity with type = "c").
620 o prop.part() has a new option `check.labels = FALSE' which allows
621 to considerably speed-up the calculations of bipartitions. As a
622 consequence, calculations of bootstrap values with boot.phylo()
623 should be much faster.
628 o read.GenBank() did not return correctly the list of species as
629 from ape 1.10: this is fixed in this version
631 o Applying as.phylo() on a tree of class "phylo" failed: the
632 object is now returned unchanged.
636 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.10-1
641 o The three new functions Ntip, Nnode, and Nedge return, for a
642 given tree, the number of tips, nodes, or edges, respectively.
647 o read.nexus() did not set correctly the class of the returned
648 object when reading multiple trees.
650 o mllt.plot() failed with objects of class c("multi.tree",
653 o unroot() did not work correctly in most cases.
655 o reorder.phylo() made R freeze in some occasions.
657 o Plotting a tree in pruningwise order failed.
659 o When plotting an unrooted tree, the tip labels where not all
660 correctly positioned if the option `cex' was used.
664 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.10
669 o Five new `method' functions have been introduced to manipulate
670 DNA sequences in binary format (see below).
672 o Three new functions have been introduced to convert between the
673 new binary and the character formats.
675 o The new function as.alignment converts DNA sequences stored as
676 single characters into the class "alignment" used by the package
679 o read.dna() and read.GenBank() have a new argument `as.character'
680 controlling whether the sequences are returned in binary format
686 o root() failed when the tree had node labels: this is fixed.
688 o plot.phylo() did not correctly set the limits on the y-axis with
689 the default setting: this is fixed.
691 o dist.dna() returned a wrong result for the LogDet, paralinear,
692 and BH87 models with `pairwise.deletion = TRUE'.
697 o DNA sequences are now internally stored in a binary format. See
698 the document "A Bit-Level Coding Scheme for Nucleotides" for the
699 details. Most functions analyzing DNA functions have been
700 modified accordingly and are now much faster (dist.dna is now
701 ca. 60 times faster).
705 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-4
710 o A bug was fixed in edgelabels().
712 o as.phylo.hclust() did not work correctly when the object of
713 class "hclust" has its labels set to NULL: the returned tree has
714 now its tip labels set to "1", "2", ...
716 o consensus could fail if some tip labels are a subset of others
717 (e.g., "a" and "a_1"): this is now fixed.
719 o mlphylo() failed in most cases if some branch lengths of the
720 initial tree were greater than one: an error message is now
723 o mlphylo() failed in most cases when estimating the proportion of
724 invariants: this is fixed.
728 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-3
733 o The new function edgelabels adds labels on the edge of the tree
734 in the same way than nodelabels or tiplabels.
739 o multi2di() did not handle correctly branch lengths with the
740 default option `random = TRUE': this is now fixed.
742 o A bug was fixed in nuc.div() when using pairwise deletions.
744 o A bug occurred in the analysis of bipartitions with large
745 numbers of large trees, with consequences on prop.part,
746 prop.clades, and boot.phylo.
748 o The calculation of the Billera-Holmes-Vogtmann distance in
749 dist.topo was wrong: this has been fixed.
753 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-2
758 o The new function ladderize reorganizes the internal structure of
759 a tree to plot them left- or right-ladderized.
761 o The new function dist.nodes computes the patristic distances
762 between all nodes, internal and terminal, of a tree. It replaces
763 the option `full = TRUE' of cophenetic.phylo (see below).
768 o A bug was fixed in old2new.phylo().
770 o Some bugs were fixed in chronopl().
772 o The edge colours were not correctly displayed by plot.phylo
773 (thank you to Li-San Wang for the fix).
775 o cophenetic.phylo() failed with multichotomous trees: this is
781 o read.dna() now returns the sequences in a matrix if they are
782 aligned (interleaved or sequential format). Sequences in FASTA
783 format are still returned in a list.
785 o The option `full' of cophenetic.phylo() has been removed because
786 it could not be used from the generic.
791 o rotate() has been removed; this function did not work correctly
796 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-1
801 o Trees with a single tip were not read correctly in R as the
802 element `Nnode' was not set: this is fixed.
804 o unroot() did not set correctly the number of nodes of the
805 unrooted tree in most cases.
807 o read.GenBank() failed when fetching very long sequences,
808 particularly of the BX-series.
810 o A bug was introduced in read.tree() with ape 1.9: it has been
815 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9
820 o There are two new print `methods' for trees of class "phylo" and
821 lists of trees of class "multi.tree", so that they are now
822 displayed in a compact and informative way.
824 o There are two new functions, old2new.phylo and new2old.phylo,
825 for converting between the old and new coding of the class
828 o dist.dna() has three new models: Barry and Hartigan ("BH87"),
829 LogDet ("logdet"), and paralinear ("paralin").
831 o compute.brlen() has been extended: several methods are now
832 available to compute branch lengths.
834 o write.dna() can now handle matrices as well as lists.
839 o cophenetic.phylo() sometimes returned a wrong result with
840 multichotomous trees: this is fixed.
842 o rotate() failed when a single tip was specified: the tree is now
845 o ace() did not return the correct index matrix with custom
846 models: this is fixed.
848 o multi2di() did not work correctly when resolving multichotomies
849 randomly: the topology was always the same, only the arrangement
850 of clades was randomized: this is fixed. This function now
851 accepts trees with no branch lengths.
853 o The output of diversi.gof() was blurred by useless prints when a
854 user distribution was specified. This has been corrected, and
855 the help page of this function has been expanded.
860 o The internal structure of the class "phylo" has been changed:
861 see the document "Definition of Formats for Coding Phylogenetic
862 Trees in R" for the details. In addition, the code of most
863 functions has been improved.
865 o Several functions have been improved by replacing some R codes
866 by C codes: pic, plot.phylo, and reorder.phylo.
868 o There is now a citation information: see citation("ape") in R.
870 o write.tree() now does not add extra 0's to branch lengths so
871 that 1.23 is printed "1.23" by default, not "1.2300000000".
873 o The syntax of bind.tree() has been simplified. This function now
874 accepts trees with no branch lengths, and handles correctly node
877 o The option `as.numeric' of mrca() has been removed.
879 o The unused options `format' and `rooted' of read.tree() have
882 o The unused option `format' of write.tree() has been removed.
884 o The use of node.depth() has been simplified.
888 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-5
893 o Two new functions read.nexus.data() and write.nexus.data(),
894 contributed by Johan Nylander, allow to read and write molecular
895 sequences in NEXUS files.
897 o The new function reorder.phylo() reorders the internal structure
898 of a tree of class "phylo". It is used as the generic, e.g.,
901 o read.tree() and read.nexus() can now read trees with a single
904 o The new data set `cynipids' supplies a set of protein sequences
910 o The code of all.equal.phylo() has been completely rewritten
911 (thanks to Benoît Durand) which fixes several bugs.
913 o read.tree() and read.nexus() now checks the labels of the tree
914 to remove or substitute any characters that are illegal in the
915 Newick format (parentheses, etc.)
917 o A negative P-value could be returned by mantel.test(): this is
922 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-4
927 o The new function sh.test() computes the Shimodaira-
930 o The new function collapse.singles() removes the nodes with a
931 single descendant from a tree.
933 o plot.phylo() has a new argument `tip.color' to specify the
936 o mlphylo() has now an option `quiet' to control the display of
937 the progress of the analysis (the default is FALSE).
942 o read.dna() did not read correctly sequences in sequential format
943 with leading alignment gaps "-": this is fixed.
945 o ace() returned a list with no class so that the generic
946 functions (anova, logLik, ...) could not be used directly. This
947 is fixed as ace() now returns an object of class "ace".
949 o anova.ace() had a small bug when computing the number of degrees
950 of freedom: this is fixed.
952 o mlphylo() did not work when the sequences were in a matrix or
953 a data frame: this is fixed.
955 o rtree() did not work correctly when trying to simulate an
956 unrooted tree with two tips: an error message is now issued.
961 o The algorithm of rtree() has been changed: it is now about 40,
962 100, and 130 times faster for 10, 100, and 1000 tips,
967 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-3
972 o There are four new `method' functions to be used with the
973 results of ace(): logLik(), deviance(), AIC(), and anova().
975 o The plot method of phymltest has two new arguments: `main' to
976 change the title, and `col' to control the colour of the
977 segments showing the AIC values.
979 o ace() has a new argument `ip' that gives the initial values used
980 in the ML estimation with discrete characters (see the examples
981 in ?ace). This function now returns a matrix giving the indices
982 of the estimated rates when analysing discrete characters.
984 o nodelabels() and tiplabels() have a new argument `pie' to
985 represent proportions, with any number of categories, as
986 piecharts. The use of the option `thermo' has been improved:
987 there is now no limitation on the number of categories.
992 o mlphylo() did not work with more than two partitions: this is
995 o root() failed if the proposed outgroup was already an outgroup
996 in the tree: this is fixed.
998 o The `col' argument in nodelabels() and tiplabels() was not
999 correctly passed when `text' was used: this is fixed.
1001 o Two bugs were fixed in mlphylo(): parameters were not always
1002 correctly output, and the estimation failed in some cases.
1004 o plot.phylo() was stuck when given a tree with a single tip: this
1005 is fixed and a message error is now returned.
1007 o An error was corrected in the help page of gammaStat regarding
1008 the calculation of P-values.
1010 o Using gls() could crash R when the number of species in the tree
1011 and in the variables were different: this is fixed.
1015 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-2
1020 o The new function mlphylo() fits a phylogenetic tree by maximum
1021 likelihood from DNA sequences. Its companion function DNAmodel()
1022 is used to define the substitution model which may include
1023 partitioning. There are methods for logLik(), deviance(), and
1024 AIC(), and the summary() method has been extended to display in
1025 a friendly way the results of this model fitting. Currently, the
1026 functionality is limited to estimating the substitution and
1027 associated parameters and computing the likelihood.
1029 o The new function drop1.compar.gee (used as, e.g., drop1(m))
1030 tests for single effects in GEE-based comparative method. A
1031 warning message is printed if there is not enough degrees of
1037 o An error message was sometimes issued by plot.multi.tree(),
1038 though with no consequence.
1042 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-1
1047 o There is a new plot method for lists of trees (objects of class
1048 "multi.tree"): it calls plot.phylo() internally and is
1049 documented on the same help page.
1054 o A bug was fixed in the C code that analyzes bipartitions: this
1055 has impact on several functions like prop.part, prop.clades,
1056 boot.phylo, or consensus.
1058 o root() did not work correctly when the specified outgroup had
1059 more than one element: this is fixed.
1061 o dist.dna() sometimes returned a warning inappropriately: this
1064 o If the distance object given to nj() had no rownames, nj()
1065 returned a tree with no tip labels: it now returns tips labelled
1066 "1", "2", ..., corresponding to the row numbers.
1071 o nj() has been slightly changed so that tips with a zero distance
1072 are first aggregated with zero-lengthed branches; the usual NJ
1073 procedure is then performed on a distance matrix without 0's.
1077 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8
1082 o The new function chronopl() estimates dates using the penalized
1083 likelihood method by Sanderson (2002; Mol. Biol. Evol., 19:101).
1085 o The new function consensus() calculates the consensus tree of a
1088 o The new function evolve.phylo() simulates the evolution of
1089 continuous characters along a phylogeny under a Brownian model.
1091 o The new plot method for objects of class "ancestral" displays a
1092 tree together with ancestral values, as returned by the above
1095 o The new function as.phylo.formula() returns a phylogeny from a
1096 set of nested taxonomic variables given as a formula.
1098 o The new function read.caic() reads trees in CAIC format.
1100 o The new function tiplabels() allows to add labels to the tips
1101 of a tree using text or plotting symbols in a flexible way.
1103 o The new function unroot() unroots a phylogeny.
1105 o multi2di() has a new option, `random', which specifies whether
1106 to resolve the multichotomies randomly (the default) or not.
1108 o prop.part() now returns an object of class "prop.part" for which
1109 there are print (to display a partition in a more friendly way)
1110 and summary (to extract the numbers) methods.
1112 o plot.phylo() has a new option, `show.tip.label', specifying
1113 whether to print the labels of the tips. The default is TRUE.
1115 o The code of nj() has been replaced by a faster C code: it is now
1116 about 10, 25, and 40 times faster for 50, 100, and 200 taxa,
1119 o write.nexus() now writes whether a tree is rooted or not.
1124 o Two bugs have been fixed in root(): unrooted trees are now
1125 handled corretly, and node labels are now output normally.
1127 o A bug was fixed in phymltest(): the executable couldn't be found
1130 o Three bug have been fixed in ace(): computing the likelihood of
1131 ancestral states of discrete characters failed, custom models
1132 did not work, and the function failed with a null gradient (a
1133 warning message is now returned; this latter bug was also
1134 present in yule.cov() as well and is now fixed).
1136 o pic() hanged out when missing data were present: a message error
1139 o A small bug was fixed in dist.dna() where the gamma correction
1140 was not always correctly dispatched.
1142 o plot.phylo() plotted correctly the root edge only when the tree
1143 was plotted rightwards: this works now for all directions.
1148 o dist.taxo() has been renamed as weight.taxo().
1150 o Various error and warning messages have been improved.
1154 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.7
1157 o The new function ace() estimates ancestral character states for
1158 continuous characters (with ML, GLS, and contrasts methods), and
1159 discrete characters (with ML only) for any number of states.
1161 o The new function compar.ou() fits the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model
1162 of directional evolution for continuous characters. The user
1163 specifies the node(s) of the tree where the character optimum
1166 o The new function is.rooted() tests whether a tree (of class
1169 o The new function rcoal() generates random ultrametric trees with
1170 the possibility to specify the function that generates the
1171 inter-nodes distances.
1173 o The new function mrca() gives for all pairs of tips in a tree
1174 (and optionally nodes too) the most recent common ancestor.
1176 o nodelabels() has a new option `thermo' to plot proportions (up
1177 to three classes) on the nodes of a tree.
1179 o rtree() has been improved: it can now generate rooted or
1180 unrooted trees, and the mathematical function that generates the
1181 branch lengths may be specified by the user. The tip labels may
1182 be given directly in the call to rtree. The limit cases (n = 2,
1183 3) are now handled correctly.
1185 o dist.topo() has a new argument `method' with two choices: "PH85"
1186 for Penny and Henny's method (already available before and now
1187 the default), and "BHV01" for the geometric distance by Billera
1188 et al. (2001, Adv. Appl. Math. 27:733).
1190 o write.tree() has a new option, `digits', which specifies the
1191 number of digits to be printed in the Newick tree. By default
1192 digits = 10. The numbers are now always printed in decimal form
1193 (i.e., 1.0e-1 is now avoided).
1195 o dist.dna() can now compute the raw distances between pairs of
1196 DNA sequences by specifying model = "raw".
1198 o dist.phylo() has a new option `full' to possibly compute the
1199 distances among all tips and nodes of the tree. The default if
1205 o Several bugs were fixed in all.equal.phylo().
1207 o dist.dna() did not handle correctly gaps ("-") in alignments:
1208 they are now considered as missing data.
1210 o rotate() did not work if the tips were not ordered: this is
1213 o mantel.test() returned NA in some special cases: this is fixed
1214 and the function has been improved and is now faster.
1216 o A bug was fixed in diversi.gof() where the calculation of A² was
1219 o cherry() did not work correctly under some OSs (mainly Linux):
1222 o is.binary.tree() has been modified so that it works with both
1223 rooted and unrooted trees.
1225 o The documentation of theta.s() was not correct: this has been
1228 o plot.mst() did not work correctly: this is fixed.
1232 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.6
1237 o The new function dist.topo() computes the topological distances
1240 o The new function boot.phylo() performs a bootstrap analysis on
1241 phylogeny estimation.
1243 o The new functions prop.part() and prop.clades() analyse
1244 bipartitions from a series of trees.
1249 o read.GenBank() now uses the EFetch utility of NCBI instead of
1250 the usual Web interface: it is now much faster (e.g., 12 times
1251 faster to retrieve 8 sequences, 37 times for 60 sequences).
1256 o Several bugs were fixed in read.dna().
1258 o Several bugs were fixed in diversi.time().
1260 o is.binary.tree() did not work correctly if the tree has no edge
1261 lengths: this is fixed.
1263 o drop.tip() did not correctly propagated the `node.label' of a
1264 tree: this is fixed.
1268 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.5
1273 o Two new functions, as.matching.phylo() and as.phylo.matching(),
1274 convert objects between the classes "phylo" and "matching". The
1275 latter implements the representation of binary trees introduced by
1276 Diaconis and Holmes (1998; PNAS 95:14600). The generic function
1277 as.matching() has been introduced as well.
1279 o Two new functions, multi2di() and di2multi(), allow to resolve
1280 and collapse multichotomies with branches of length zero.
1282 o The new function nuc.div() computes the nucleotide diversity
1283 from a sample a DNA sequences.
1285 o dist.dna() has been completely rewritten with a much faster
1286 (particularly for large data sets) C code. Eight models are
1287 available: JC69, K80, F81, K81, F84, T92, TN93, and GG95 (the
1288 option `method' has been renamed `model'). Computation of variance
1289 is available for all models. A gamma-correction is possible for
1290 JC69, K80, F81, and TN93. There is a new option, pairwise.deletion,
1291 to remove sites with missing data on a pairwise basis. The option
1292 `GCcontent' has been removed.
1294 o read.GenBank() has a new option (species.names) which specifies
1295 whether to return the species names of the organisms in addition
1296 to the accession numbers of the sequences (this is the default
1299 o write.nexus() can now write several trees in the same NEXUS file.
1301 o drop.tip() has a new option `root.edge' that allows to specify the
1302 new root edge if internal branches are trimmed.
1307 o as.phylo.hclust() failed if some labels had parentheses: this
1310 o Several bugs were fixed in all.equal.phylo(). This function now
1311 returns the logical TRUE if the trees are identical but with
1312 different representations (a report was printed previously).
1314 o read.GenBank() did not correctly handle ambiguous base codes:
1320 o birthdeath() now returns an object of class "birthdeath" for
1321 which there is a print method.
1325 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.4
1330 o The new function nj() performs phylogeny estimation with the
1331 neighbor-joining method of Saitou and Nei (1987; Mol. Biol.
1334 o The new function which.edge() identifies the edges of a tree
1335 that belong to a group specified as a set of tips.
1337 o The new function as.phylo.phylog() converts an object of class
1338 "phylog" (from the package ade4) into an object of class
1341 o The new function axisPhylo() draws axes on the side of a
1344 o The new function howmanytrees() calculates the number of trees
1345 in different cases and giving a number of tips.
1347 o write.tree() has a new option `multi.line' (TRUE by default) to
1348 write a Newick tree on several lines rather than on a single
1351 o The functionalities of zoom() have been extended. Several
1352 subtrees can be visualized at the same time, and they are marked
1353 on the main tree with colors. The context of the subtrees can be
1354 marked with the option `subtree' (see below).
1356 o drop.tip() has a new option `subtree' (FALSE by default) which
1357 specifies whether to output in the tree how many tips have been
1360 o The arguments of add.scale.bar() have been redefined and have
1361 now default values (see ?add.scale.bar for details). This
1362 function now works even if the plotted tree has no edge length.
1364 o plot.phylo() can now plot radial trees, but this does not take
1365 edge lengths into account.
1367 o In plot.phylo() with `type = "phylogram"', if the values of
1368 `edge.color' and `edge.width' are identical for sister-branches,
1369 they are propagated to the vertical line that link them.
1374 o Repeated calls to as.phylo.hclust() or as.hclust.phylo() made R
1375 crashing. This is fixed.
1377 o In plot.phylo(), the options `edge.color' and `edge.width' are
1378 now properly recycled; their default values are now "black" and
1381 o A bug has been fixed in write.nexus().
1386 o The function node.depth.edgelength() has been removed and
1387 replaced by a C code.
1391 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.3-1
1396 o The new function nodelabels() allows to add labels to the nodes
1397 of a tree using text or plotting symbols in a flexible way.
1399 o In plot.phylo() the arguments `x.lim' and `y.lim' can now be two
1400 numeric values specifying the lower and upper limits on the x-
1401 and y-axes. This allows to leave some space on any side of the
1402 tree. If a single value is given, this is taken as the upper
1407 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.3
1412 o The new function phymltest() calls the software PHYML and fits
1413 28 models of DNA sequence evolution. There are a print method to
1414 display likelihood and AIC values, a summary method to compute
1415 the hierarchical likelihood ratio tests, and a plot method to
1416 display graphically the AIC values of each model.
1418 o The new function yule.cov() fits the Yule model with covariates,
1419 a model where the speciation rate is affected by several species
1420 traits through a generalized linear model. The parameters are
1421 estimated by maximum likelihood.
1423 o Three new functions, corBrownian(), corGrafen(), and
1424 corMartins(), compute the expected correlation structures among
1425 species given a phylogeny under different models of evolution.
1426 These can be used for GLS comparative phylogenetic methods (see
1427 the examples). There are coef() and corMatrix() methods and an
1428 Initialize.corPhyl() function associated.
1430 o The new function compar.cheverud() implements Cheverud et al.'s
1431 (1985; Evolution 39:1335) phylogenetic comparative method.
1433 o The new function varcomp() estimates variance components; it has
1436 o Two new functions, panel.superpose.correlogram() and
1437 plot.correlogramList(), allow to plot several phylogenetic
1440 o The new function node.leafnumber() computes the number of leaves
1441 of a subtree defined by a particular node.
1443 o The new function node.sons() gets all tags of son nodes from a
1446 o The new function compute.brlen() computes the branch lengths of
1447 a tree according to a specified method.
1449 o plot.phylo() has three new options: "cex" controls the size of
1450 the (tip and node) labels (thus it is no more needed to change
1451 the global graphical parameter), "direction" which allows to
1452 plot the tree rightwards, leftwards, upwards, or downwards, and
1453 "y.lim" which sets the upper limit on the y-axis.
1458 o Some functions which try to match tip labels and names of
1459 additional data (e.g. vector) are likely to fail if there are
1460 typing or syntax errors. If both series of names do not perfectly
1461 match, they are ignored and a warning message is now issued.
1462 These functions are bd.ext, compar.gee, pic. Their help pages
1463 have been clarified on this point.
1467 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-7
1472 o The new function root() reroots a phylogenetic tree with respect
1473 to a specified outgroup.
1475 o The new function rotate() rotates an internal branch of a tree.
1477 o In plot.phylo(), the new argument "lab4ut" (labels for unrooted
1478 trees) controls the display of the tip labels in unrooted trees.
1479 This display has been greatly improved: the tip labels are now not
1480 expected to overlap with the tree (particularly if lab4ut =
1481 "axial"). In all cases, combining appropriate values of "lab4ut"
1482 and the font size (via "par(cex = )") should result in readable
1483 unrooted trees. See ?plot.phylo for some examples.
1485 o In drop.tip(), the argument `tip' can now be numeric or character.
1490 o drop.tip() did not work correctly with trees with no branch
1491 lengths: this is fixed.
1493 o A bug in plot.phylo(..., type = "unrooted") made some trees being
1494 plotted with some line crossings: this is now fixed.
1498 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-6
1503 o Six new functions (Moran.I, correlogram.formula, discrete.dist,
1504 correlogram.phylo, dist.taxo, plot.correlogram) have been added
1505 to implement comparative methods with an autocorrelation approach.
1507 o A new data set describing some life history traits of Carnivores
1513 o A fix was made on mcmc.popsize() to conform to R 2.0.0.
1518 o When plotting a tree with plot.phylo(), the new default of the
1519 option `label.offset' is now 0, so the labels are always visible.
1523 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-5
1528 o The new function bd.ext() fits a birth-death model with combined
1529 phylogenetic and taxonomic data, and estimates the corresponding
1530 speciation and extinction rates.
1535 o The package gee is no more required by ape but only suggested
1536 since only the function compar.gee() calls gee.
1540 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-4
1545 o Four new functions (mcmc.popsize, extract.popsize, plot.popsize,
1546 and lines.popsize) implementing a new approach for inferring the
1547 demographic history from genealogies using a reversible jump
1548 MCMC have been introduced.
1550 o The unit of time in the skyline plot and in the new plots can
1551 now be chosen to be actual years, rather than substitutions.
1555 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-3
1560 o The new function rtree() generates a random binary tree with or
1561 without branch lengths.
1563 o Two new functions for drawing lineages-through-time (LTT) plots
1564 are provided: ltt.lines() adds a LTT curve to an existing plot,
1565 and mltt.plot() does a multiple LTT plot giving several trees as
1566 arguments (see `?ltt.plot' for details).
1571 o Some taxon names made R crashing when calling as.phylo.hclust():
1574 o dist.dna() returned an error with two identical DNA sequences
1575 (only using the Jukes-Cantor method returned 0): this is fixed.
1580 o The function dist.phylo() has been re-written using a different
1581 algorithm: it is now about four times faster.
1583 o The code of branching.times() has been improved: it is now about
1588 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-2
1593 o The new function seg.sites() finds the segregating sites in a
1594 sample of DNA sequences.
1599 o A bug introduced in read.tree() and in read.nexus() with version
1602 o A few errors were corrected and a few examples were added in the
1607 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-1
1612 o plot.phylo() can now draw the edge of the root of a tree if it
1613 has one (see the new option `root.edge', its default is FALSE).
1618 o A bug was fixed in read.nexus(): files with semicolons inside
1619 comment blocks were not read correctly.
1621 o The behaviour of read.tree() and read.nexus() was corrected so
1622 that tree files with badly represented root edges (e.g., with
1623 an extra pair of parentheses, see the help pages for details)
1624 are now correctly represented in the object of class "phylo";
1625 a warning message is now issued.
1629 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2
1634 o plot.phylo() has been completely re-written and offers several
1635 new functionalities. Three types of trees can now be drawn:
1636 phylogram (as previously), cladogram, and unrooted tree; in
1637 all three types the branch lengths can be drawn using the edge
1638 lengths of the phylogeny or not (e.g., if the latter is absent).
1639 The vertical position of the nodes can be adjusted with two
1640 choices (see option `node.pos'). The code has been re-structured,
1641 and two new functions (potentially useful for developpers) are
1642 documented separately: node.depth.edgelength() and node.depth();
1643 see the respective help pages for details.
1645 o The new function zoom() allows to explore very large trees by
1646 focusing on a small portion of it.
1648 o The new function yule() fits by maximum likelihood the Yule model
1649 (birth-only process) to a phylogenetic tree.
1651 o Support for writing DNA sequences in FASTA format has been
1652 introduced in write.dna() (support for reading sequences in
1653 this format was introduced in read.dna() in version 1.1-2).
1654 The function has been completely re-written, fixing some bugs
1655 (see below); the default behaviour is no more to display the
1656 sequences on the standard output. Several options have been
1657 introduced to control the sequence printing in a flexible
1658 way. The help page has been extended.
1660 o A new data set is included: a supertree of bats in NEXUS format.
1665 o In theta.s(), the default of the option `variance' has
1666 been changed to `FALSE' (as was indicated in the help page).
1668 o Several bugs were fixed in the code of all.equal.phylo().
1670 o Several bugs were fixed in write.dna(), particularly this
1671 function did not work with `format = "interleaved"'.
1673 o Various errors were corrected in the help pages.
1678 o The argument names of as.hclust.phylo() have been changed
1679 from "(phy)" to "(x, ...)" to conform to the definition of
1680 the corresponding generic function.
1682 o gamma.stat() has been renamed gammaStat() to avoid confusion
1683 since gamma() is a generic function.
1687 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1-3
1692 o base.freq() previously did not return a value of 0 for
1693 bases absent in the data (e.g., a vector of length 3 was
1694 returned if one base was absent). This is now fixed (a
1695 vector of length 4 is always returned).
1697 o Several bugs were fixed in read.nexus(), including that this
1698 function did not work in this absence of a "TRANSLATE"
1699 command in the NEXUS file, and that the commands were
1704 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1-2
1709 o The Tamura and Nei (1993) model of DNA distance is now implemented
1710 in dist.dna(): five models are now available in this function.
1712 o A new data set is included: a set of 15 sequences of the
1713 cytochrome b mitochondrial gene of the woodmouse (Apodemus
1719 o A bug in read.nexus() was fixed.
1721 o read.dna() previously did not work correctly in most cases.
1722 The function has been completely re-written and its help page
1723 has been considerably extended (see ?read.dna for details).
1724 Underscores (_) in taxon names are no more replaced with
1725 spaces (this behaviour was undocumented).
1727 o A bug was fixed in write.dna().
1731 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1-1
1736 o A bug in read.tree() introduced in APE 1.1 was fixed.
1738 o A bug in compar.gee() resulted in an error when trying to fit
1739 a model with `family = "binomial"'. This is now fixed.
1743 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1
1748 o The Klastorin (1982) method as suggested by Misawa and Tajima
1749 (2000, Mol. Biol. Evol. 17:1879-1884) for classifying genes
1750 on the basis of phylogenetic trees has been implemented (see
1751 the function klastorin()).
1753 o Functions have been added to convert APE's "phylo" objects in
1754 "hclust" cluster objects and vice versa (see the help page of
1755 as.phylo for details).
1757 o Three new functions, ratogram(), chronogram() and NPRS.criterion(),
1758 are introduced for the estimation of absolute evolutionary rates
1759 (ratogram) and dated clock-like trees (chronogram) from
1760 phylogenetic trees using the non-parametric rate smoothing approach
1761 by MJ Sanderson (1997, Mol. Biol. Evol. 14:1218-1231).
1763 o A summary method is now provided printing a summary information on a
1764 phylogenetic tree with, for instance, `summary(tree)'.
1766 o The behaviour of read.tree() was changed so that all spaces and
1767 tabulations in tree files are now ignored. Consequently, spaces in tip
1768 labels are no more allowed. Another side effect is that read.nexus()
1769 now does not replace the underscores (_) in tip labels with spaces
1770 (this behaviour was undocumented).
1772 o The function plot.phylo() has a new option (`underscore') which
1773 specifies whether the underscores in tip labels should be written on
1774 the plot as such or replaced with spaces (the default).
1776 o The function birthdeath() now computes 95% confidence intervals of
1777 the estimated parameters using profile likelihood.
1779 o Three new data sets are included: a gene tree estimated from 36
1780 landplant rbcL sequences, a gene tree estimated from 32 opsin
1781 sequences, and a gene tree for 50 BRCA1 mammalian sequences.
1786 o A bug was fixed in dist.gene() where nothing was returned.
1788 o A bug in plot.mst() was fixed.
1790 o A bug in vcv.phylo() resulted in false correlations when the
1791 option `cor = TRUE' was used (now fixed).
1795 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.0
1800 o Two new functions, read.dna() and write.dna(), read/write in a file
1801 DNA sequences in interleaved or in sequential format.
1803 o Two new functions, read.nexus() and write.nexus(), read/write trees
1806 o The new function bind.tree() allows to bind two trees together,
1807 possibly handling root edges to give internal branches.
1809 o The new function drop.tip() removes the tips in a phylogenetic tree,
1810 and trims (or not) the corresponding internal branches.
1812 o The new function is.ultrametric() tests if a tree is ultrametric.
1814 o The function plot.phylo() has more functionalities such as drawing the
1815 branches with different colours and/or different widths, showing the
1816 node labels, controling the position and font of the labels, rotating
1817 the labels, and controling the space around the plot.
1819 o The function read.tree() can now read trees with no branch length,
1820 such as "(a,b),c);". Consequently, the element `edge.length' in
1821 objects of class "phylo" is now optional.
1823 o The function write.tree() has a new default behaviour: if the default
1824 for the option `file' is used (i.e. file = ""), then a variable of
1825 mode character containing the tree in Newick format is returned which
1826 can thus be assigned (e.g., tree <- write.tree(phy)).
1828 o The function read.tree() has a new argument `text' which allows
1829 to read the tree in a variable of mode character.
1831 o A new data set is included: the phylogenetic relationships among
1832 the orders of birds from Sibley and Ahlquist (1990).
1836 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 0.2-1
1841 o Several bugs were fixed in the help pages.
1845 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 0.2
1850 o The function write.tree() writes phylogenetic trees (objects of class
1851 "phylo") in an ASCII file using the Newick parenthetic format.
1853 o The function birthdeath() fits a birth-death model to branching times
1854 by maximum likelihood, and estimates the corresponding speciation and
1857 o The function scale.bar() adds a scale bar to a plot of a phylogenetic
1860 o The function is.binary.tree() tests whether a phylogeny is binary.
1862 o Two generic functions, coalescent.intervals() and collapsed.intervals(),
1863 as well as some methods are introduced.
1865 o Several functions, including some generics and methods, for computing
1866 skyline plot estimates (classic and generalized) of effective
1867 population size through time are introduced and replace the function
1868 skyline.plot() in version 0.1.
1870 o Two data sets are now included: the phylogenetic relationships among
1871 the families of birds from Sibley and Ahlquist (1990), and an
1872 estimated clock-like phylogeny of HIV sequences sampled in the
1873 Democratic Republic of Congo.
1876 DEPRECATED & DEFUNCT
1878 o The function skyline.plot() in ape 0.1 has been deprecated and
1879 replaced by more elaborate functions (see above).
1884 o Two important bugs were fixed in plot.phylo(): phylogenies with
1885 multichotomies not at the root or not with only terminal branches,
1886 and phylogenies with a single node (i.e. only terminal branches)
1887 did not plot. These trees should be plotted correctly now.
1889 o Several bugs were fixed in diversi.time() in the computation of
1892 o Various errors were corrected in the help pages.
projects / ape.git / blob