1 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.5-2
6 o There is now a print method for results from ace().
8 o There is a labels() method for objects of class "DNAbin".
10 o read.dna() has a new option 'as.matrix' to possibly force sequences
11 in a FASTA file to be stored in a matrix (see ?read.dna for details).
16 o as.phylo.hclust() used to multiply edge lengths by 2.
18 o A minor bug was fixed in rTraitDisc().
20 o ace() sometimes failed (parameter value was NaN and the optimisation
26 o evolve.phylo() and plot.ancestral() have been removed.
28 o chronogram(), ratogram(), and NPRS.criterion() have been removed.
33 o nj() has been improved and is now about 30% faster.
35 o The default option 'drop' of [.DNAbin has been changed to FALSE to
36 avoid dropping rownames when selecting a single sequence.
38 o print.DNAbin() has been changed to summary.DNAbin() which has been
43 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.5-1
48 o The new function stree generates trees with regular shapes.
50 o It is now possible to bind two trees with x + y (see ?bind.tree for
53 o drop.tip(), extract.clade(), root(), and bind.tree() now have an
54 'interactive' option to make the operation on a plotted tree.
56 o cophyloplot() gains two new arguments 'lwd' and 'lty' for the
57 association links; they are recycled like 'col' (which wasn't before).
62 o rTraitDisc() did not use its 'freq' argument correctly (it was
63 multiplied with the rate matrix column-wise instead of row-wise).
65 o [node|tip|edge]labels(thermo = ) used to draw empty thermometers
66 with NA values. Nothing is drawn now like with 'text' or 'pch'.
67 The same bug occurred with the 'pie' option.
69 o A bug was fixed in compar.ou() and the help page was clarified.
71 o bind.tree() has been rewritten fixing several bugs and making it
74 o plot.phylo(type = "p") sometimes failed to colour correctly the
75 vertical lines representing the nodes.
77 o plot.phylo(direction = "l", x.lim = 30) failed to plot the branches
78 in the correct direction though the tip labels were displayed
84 o The c, cbind, and rbind methods for "DNAbin" objetcs now check that
85 the sequences are correctly stored (in a list for c, in a matrix
86 for the two other functions).
90 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.5
95 o The new function parafit by Pierre Legendre tests for the
96 coevolution between hosts and parasites. It has a companion
97 function, pcoa, that does principal coordinate decomposition.
98 The latter has a biplot method.
100 o The new function lmorigin by Pierre Legendre performs multiple
101 regression through the origin with testing by permutation.
103 o The new functions rTraitCont and rTraitDisc simulate continuous and
104 discrete traits under a wide range of evolutionary models.
106 o The new function delta.plot does a delta plot following Holland et
107 al. (2002, Mol. Biol. Evol. 12:2051).
109 o The new function edges draws additional branches between any nodes
110 and/or tips on a plotted tree.
112 o The new function fancyarrows enhances arrows from graphics with
113 triangle and harpoon heads; it can be called from edges().
115 o add.scale.bar() has a new option 'ask' to draw interactively.
117 o The branch length score replaces the geodesic distance in dist.topo.
119 o Three new data sets are included: the gopher-lice data (gopher.D),
120 SO2 air pollution in 41 US cities (lmorigin.ex1, from Sokal &
121 Rohlf 1995), and some host-parasite specificity data
122 (lmorigin.ex2, from Legendre & Desdevises 2009).
127 o add.scale.bar() drew the bar outside the plotting region with the
128 default options with unrooted or radial trees.
130 o dist.topo() made R stuck when the trees had different sizes (thanks
131 to Otto Cordero for the fix).
136 o The geodesic distance has been replaced by the branch length score
141 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.4-1
146 o rtree() and rcoal() now accept a numeric vector for the 'br'
149 o vcv() is a new generic function with methods for the classes "phylo"
150 and "corPhyl" so that it is possible to calculate the var-cov matrix
151 for "transformation models". vcv.phylo() can still be used for trees
152 of class "phylo"; its argument 'cor' has been renamed 'corr'.
157 o bind.tree() failed when 'y' had no root edge.
159 o read.nexus() shuffled tip labels when the trees have no branch
160 lengths and there is a TRANSLATE block.
162 o read.nexus() does not try to translate node labels if there is a
163 translation table in the NEXUS file. See ?read.nexus for a
164 clarification on this behaviour.
166 o plot.multiPhylo() crashed R when plotting a list of trees with
167 compressed tip labels.
169 o write.nexus() did not translate the taxa names when asked for.
171 o plot.phylo(type = "fan") did not rotate the tip labels correctly
172 when the tree has branch lengths.
174 o ace(type = "continuous", method = "ML") now avoids sigma² being
175 negative (which resulted in an error).
177 o nj() crashed with NA/NaN in the distance matrix: an error in now
182 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.4
187 o base.freq() has a new option 'freq' to return the counts; the
188 default is still to return the proportions.
193 o seg.sites() did not handle ambiguous nucleotides correctly: they
196 o plot(phy, root.edge = TRUE) failed if there was no $root.edge in
197 the tree: the argument is now ignored.
199 o add.scale.bar() failed when 'x' and 'y' were given (thanks to Janet
205 o Trying to plot a tree with a single tip now returns NULL with a
206 warning (it returned an error previously).
208 o The way lines representing nodes are coloured in phylograms has
209 been modified (as well as their widths and types) following some
210 users' request; this is only for dichotomous nodes.
212 o The argument 'adj' in [node][tip][edge]labels() now works when
213 using 'pie' or 'thermo'.
215 o A more informative message error is now returned by dist.dna() when
216 'model' is badly specified (partial matching of this argument is
219 o Deprecated functions are now listed in a help page: see
220 help("ape-defunct") with the quotes.
225 o The functions heterozygosity, nuc.div, theta.h, theta.k and
226 theta.s have been moved from ape to pegas.
228 o The functions mlphylo, DNAmodel and sh.test have been removed.
232 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.3-3
237 o add.scale.bar() always drew a horizontal bar.
239 o zoom() shuffled tips with unrooted trees.
241 o write.nexus() failed to write correctly trees with a "TipLabel"
244 o rcoal() failed to compute branch lengths with very large n.
246 o A small bug was fixed in compar.cheverud() (thanks to Michael
249 o seg.sites() failed when passing a vector.
251 o drop.tip() sometimes shuffled tip labels.
253 o root() shuffled node labels with 'resolve.root = TRUE'.
257 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.3-2
262 o all.equal.phylo() did not compare unrooted trees correctly.
264 o dist.topo(... method = "PH85") did not treat unrooted trees
265 correctly (thanks to Tim Wallstrom for the fix).
267 o root() sometimes failed to test for the monophyly of the
270 o extract.clade() sometimes included too many edges.
272 o vcv.phylo() did not work correctly when the tree is in
275 o nj() did not handle correctly distance matrices with many 0's.
276 The code has also been significantly improved: 7, 70, 160 times
277 faster with n = 100, 500, 1000, respectively.
281 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.3-1
286 o The new function is.monophyletic tests the monophyly of a group.
288 o There is now a c() method for lists of class "DNAbin".
290 o yule.cov() now fits the null model, and its help page has been
291 corrected with respect to this change.
293 o drop.tip() has a new option 'rooted' to force (or not) a tree
294 to be treated as (un)rooted.
299 o dist.gene() failed on most occasions with the default
300 pairwise.deletion = FALSE.
302 o read.tree() failed to read correctly the tree name(s).
304 o boot.phylo() now treats correctly data frames.
306 o del.gaps() did not copy the rownames of a matrix.
308 o A small bug was fixed in CDAM.global().
310 o ace() failed with large data sets. Thanks to Rich FitzJohn for
311 the fix. With other improvements, this function is now about 6
314 o write.tree() failed with objects of class "multiPhylo".
316 o drop.tip(, subtree = TRUE) sometimes shuffled tip labels.
321 o [.multiPhylo and [.DNAbin now respect the original class.
323 o Instances of the form class(phy) == "phylo" have been replaced
324 by inherits(phy, "phylo").
326 o rcoal() is now faster.
331 o klastorin() has been removed.
335 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.3
340 o The new functions CADM.global and CADM.post, contributed by
341 Pierre Legendre, test the congruence among several distance
344 o The new function yule.time fits a user-defined time-dependent
345 Yule model by maximum likelihood.
347 o The new function makeNodeLabel creates and/or modifies node
348 labels in a flexible way.
350 o read.tree() and write.tree() have been modified so that they can
351 handle individual tree names.
353 o plot.phylo() has a new argument 'edge.lty' that specifies the
354 types of lines used for the edges (plain, dotted, dashed, ...)
356 o phymltest() has been updated to work with PhyML 3.0.1.
361 o drop.tip() shuffled tip labels in some cases.
363 o drop.tip() did not handle node.label correctly.
365 o is.ultrametric() now checks the ordering of the edge matrix.
367 o ace() sometimes returned negative values of likelihoods of
368 ancestral states (thanks to Dan Rabosky for solving this long
374 o The data set xenarthra has been removed.
378 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.2-4
382 o The bug fix in read.nexus() in version 2.2-3 was wrong: this is
383 now fixed. (Thanks to Peter Wragg for the fix!)
385 o A warning message occurred for no reason with ace(method="GLS").
390 o There is now a general help page displayed with '?ape'.
394 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.2-3
399 o The new function extract.clade extracts a clade from a tree by
400 specifying a node number or label.
402 o fastme.bal() has two new options 'spr' and 'tbr' to perform tree
403 operations of the same names.
405 o dist.dna() can now return the number of site differences by
406 specifying model="N".
411 o chronopl() did not work with CV = TRUE.
413 o read.nexus() did not work correctly in some situations (trees on
414 multiple lines with different numbers of lines and/or with
415 comments inserted within the trees).
417 o ltt.plot(), ltt.lines(), and mltt.plot() did not count correctly
418 the number of lineages with non-binary trees.
423 o ape has now a namespace.
425 o drop.tip() has been improved: it should be much faster and work
426 better in some cases (e.g., see the example in ?zoom).
430 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.2-2
435 o dist.gene() has been substantially improved and gains an option
438 o cbind.DNAbin() has a new option 'fill.with.gaps' and is now
444 o prop.part() failed with a single tree with the default option
445 'check.labels = TRUE'.
447 o summary.DNAbin() failed to display correctly the summary of
448 sequence lengths with lists of sequences of 10,000 bases or more
449 (because summary.default uses 4 significant digits by default).
451 o read.nexus() failed to read a file with a single tree with line
452 breaks in the Newick string.
454 o del.gaps() returned a list of empty sequences when there were no
460 o phymltest() has been updated for PhyML 3.0 and gains an option
461 'append', whereas the option 'path2exec' has been removed.
463 o rbind.DNAbin() and cbind.DNAbin() now accept a single matrix
464 which is returned unchanged (instead of an error).
466 o The data sets bird.orders and bird.families are now stored as
467 Newick strings; i.e., the command data(bird.orders) calls
472 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.2-1
477 o The new function makeLabel() helps to modify labels of trees,
478 lists of trees, or DNA sequences, with several utilities to
479 truncate and/or make them unique, substituting some
480 characters, and so on.
482 o The new function del.gaps() removes insertion gaps ("-") in a
483 set of DNA sequences.
485 o read.dna() can now read Clustal files (*.aln).
490 o root() failed with 'resolve.root = TRUE' when the root was
491 already the specified root.
493 o Several bugs were fixed in mlphylo().
495 o collapsed.singles() did not propagate the 'Nnode' and
496 'node.labels' elements (thanks to Elizabeth Purdom for the fix).
498 o read.nexus() failed to remove correctly the comments within
501 o read.nexus() failed to read a file with a single tree and no
502 translation of tip labels.
504 o read.nexus() failed to place correctly tip labels when reading
505 a single tree with no edge lengths.
507 o A bug was fixed in sh.test().
512 o unique.multiPhylo() is faster thanks to a suggestion by Vladimir
515 o The option 'check.labels' of consensus() and prop.part() is now
518 o write.dna() now does not truncate names to 10 characters with
523 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.2
528 o Four new functions have been written by Damien de Vienne for the
529 graphical exploration of large trees (cophyloplot, subtrees,
530 subtreeplot), and to return the graphical coordinates of tree
533 o The new functions corPagel and corBlomberg implement the Pagel's
534 "lambda" and Blomberg et al.'s "ACDC" correlation structures.
536 o chronopl() has been improved and gains several options: see its
537 help page for details.
539 o boot.phylo() has now an option 'trees' to possibly return the
540 bootstraped trees (the default is FALSE).
542 o prop.part() has been improved and should now be faster in all
548 o read.dna() failed if "?" occurred in the first 10 sites of the
551 o The x/y aspect of the plot is now respected when plotting a
552 circular tree (type = "r" or "f").
554 o Drawing the tip labels sometimes failed when plotting circular
557 o zoom() failed when tip labels were used instead of their numbers
558 (thanks to Yan Wong for the fix).
560 o drop.tip() failed with some trees (fixed by Yan Wong).
562 o seg.sites() failed with a list.
564 o consensus() failed in some cases. The function has been improved
565 as well and is faster.
569 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1-3
574 o A bug in read.nexus() made the Windows R-GUI crash.
576 o An error was fixed in the computation of ancestral character
577 states by generalized least squares in ace().
579 o di2multi() did not modify node labels correctly.
581 o multi2di() failed if the tree had its attribute "order" set to
586 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1-2
591 o There three new methods for the "multiPhylo" class: str, $,
594 o root() gains the options 'node' and 'resolve.root'
595 (FALSE by default) as well as its code being improved.
597 o mltt.plot() has now an option 'log' used in the same way
598 than in plot.default().
603 o mltt.plot() failed to display the legend with an unnamed
606 o nodelabels() with pies now correcly uses the argument
607 'cex' to draw symbols of different sizes (which has
608 worked already for thermometers).
610 o read.nexus() generally failed to read very big files.
615 o The argument 'family' of compar.gee() can now be a function
616 as well as a character string.
618 o read.tree() and read.nexus() now return an unnamed list if
621 o read.nexus() now returns a modified object of class "multiPhylo"
622 when there is a TRANSLATE block in the NEXUS file: the individual
623 trees have no 'tip.label' vector, but the list has a 'TipLabel'
624 attribute. The new methods '$' and '[[' set these elements
625 correctly when extracting trees.
629 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1-1
634 o The new function rmtree generates lists of random trees.
636 o rcoal() now generates a genuine coalescent tree by default
637 (thanks to Vladimir Minin for the code).
642 o nuc.div() returned an incorrect value with the default
643 pairwise.deletion = FALSE.
648 o The internal codes of bionj(), fastme.bal(), and fastme.ols()
649 have been improved so that they are stabler and faster.
651 o R packages used by ape are now loaded silently; lattice and gee
652 are loaded only when needed.
656 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.1
661 o The new function identify.phylo identifies clades on a plotted
662 tree using the mouse.
664 o It is now possible to subset a list of trees (object of class
665 "multiPhylo") with "[" while keeping its class correct.
667 o The new function as.DNAbin.alignment converts DNA sequences
668 stored in the "alignment" format of the package seqinr into
669 an object of class "DNAbin".
671 o The new function weight.taxo2 helps to build similarity matrices
672 given two taxonomic levels (usually called by other functions).
674 o write.tree() can now take a list of trees (class "multiPhylo")
675 as its main argument.
677 o plot.correlogram() and plot.correlogramList() have been
678 improved, and gain several options (see the help page for
679 details). A legend is now plotted by default.
684 o dist.dna() returned some incorrect values with `model = "JC69"'
685 and `pairwise.deletion = TRUE'. This affected only the
686 distances involving sequences with missing values. (Thanks
687 to Bruno Toupance for digging this bug out.)
689 o write.tree() failed with some trees: this is fixed by removing
690 the `multi.line' option (trees are now always printed on a
693 o read.nexus() did not correctly detect trees with multiple root
694 edges (see OTHER CHANGES).
699 o The code of mlphylo() has been almost entirely rewritten, and
700 should be much stabler. The options have been also greatly
701 simplified (see ?mlphylo and ?DNAmodel for details).
703 o The internal function nTips has been renamed klastorin_nTips.
705 o The code of is.ultrametric() contained redundancies and has
708 o The code of Moran.I() and of correlogram.formula() have been
711 o read.tree() and read.nexus() now return an error when trying to
712 read a tree with multiple root edges (see BUG FIXES). The
713 correction applied in previous version did not work in all
716 o The class c("multi.tree", "phylo") has been renamed
722 o There is now a vignette in ape: see vignette("MoranI", "ape").
727 o as.matching() and as.phylo.matching() do not support branch
730 o correlogram.phylo() and discrete.dist() have been removed.
734 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.0-2
739 o The new function matexpo computes the exponential of a square
742 o The new function unique.multi.tree removes duplicate trees from
745 o yule() has a new option `use.root.edge = FALSE' that specifies
746 to ignore, by default, the root edge of the tree if it exists.
751 o which.edge() failed when the index of a single terminal edge was
754 o In diversi.time(), the values returned for model C were
757 o A bug was fixed in yule() that affected the calculation of the
758 likelihood in the presence of ties in the branching times.
760 o There was a bug in the C function mat_expo4x4 affecting the
761 calculations of the transition probabilities for models HKY and
764 o A small bug was fixed in as.matrix.DNAbin (thanks to James
767 o rtree() did not `shuffle' the tip labels by default, so only a
768 limited number of labelled topologies could be generated.
772 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 2.0-1
777 o The three new functions bionj, fastme.ols, and fastme.bal
778 perform phylogeny estimation by the BIONJ and fastME methods in
779 OLS and balanced versions. This is a port to R of previous
780 previous programs done by Vincent Lefort.
782 o The new function chronoMPL performs molecular dating with the
783 mean path lengths method of Britton et al. (2002, Mol. Phyl.
786 o The new function rotate, contributed by Christoph Heibl, swaps
787 two clades connected to the same node. It works also with
788 multichotomous nodes.
790 o The new `method' as.matrix.DNAbin() may be used to convert
791 easily DNA sequences stored in a list into a matrix while
792 keeping the names and the class.
797 o chronopl() failed when some branch lengths were equal to zero:
798 an error message is now returned.
800 o di2multi() failed when there was a series of consecutive edges
805 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.10-2
810 o plot.phylo() can now plot circular trees: the option is type =
811 "fan" or type = "f" (to avoid the ambiguity with type = "c").
813 o prop.part() has a new option `check.labels = FALSE' which allows
814 to considerably speed-up the calculations of bipartitions. As a
815 consequence, calculations of bootstrap values with boot.phylo()
816 should be much faster.
821 o read.GenBank() did not return correctly the list of species as
822 from ape 1.10: this is fixed in this version
824 o Applying as.phylo() on a tree of class "phylo" failed: the
825 object is now returned unchanged.
829 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.10-1
834 o The three new functions Ntip, Nnode, and Nedge return, for a
835 given tree, the number of tips, nodes, or edges, respectively.
840 o read.nexus() did not set correctly the class of the returned
841 object when reading multiple trees.
843 o mllt.plot() failed with objects of class c("multi.tree",
846 o unroot() did not work correctly in most cases.
848 o reorder.phylo() made R freeze in some occasions.
850 o Plotting a tree in pruningwise order failed.
852 o When plotting an unrooted tree, the tip labels where not all
853 correctly positioned if the option `cex' was used.
857 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.10
862 o Five new `method' functions have been introduced to manipulate
863 DNA sequences in binary format (see below).
865 o Three new functions have been introduced to convert between the
866 new binary and the character formats.
868 o The new function as.alignment converts DNA sequences stored as
869 single characters into the class "alignment" used by the package
872 o read.dna() and read.GenBank() have a new argument `as.character'
873 controlling whether the sequences are returned in binary format
879 o root() failed when the tree had node labels: this is fixed.
881 o plot.phylo() did not correctly set the limits on the y-axis with
882 the default setting: this is fixed.
884 o dist.dna() returned a wrong result for the LogDet, paralinear,
885 and BH87 models with `pairwise.deletion = TRUE'.
890 o DNA sequences are now internally stored in a binary format. See
891 the document "A Bit-Level Coding Scheme for Nucleotides" for the
892 details. Most functions analyzing DNA functions have been
893 modified accordingly and are now much faster (dist.dna is now
894 ca. 60 times faster).
898 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-4
903 o A bug was fixed in edgelabels().
905 o as.phylo.hclust() did not work correctly when the object of
906 class "hclust" has its labels set to NULL: the returned tree has
907 now its tip labels set to "1", "2", ...
909 o consensus could fail if some tip labels are a subset of others
910 (e.g., "a" and "a_1"): this is now fixed.
912 o mlphylo() failed in most cases if some branch lengths of the
913 initial tree were greater than one: an error message is now
916 o mlphylo() failed in most cases when estimating the proportion of
917 invariants: this is fixed.
921 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-3
926 o The new function edgelabels adds labels on the edge of the tree
927 in the same way than nodelabels or tiplabels.
932 o multi2di() did not handle correctly branch lengths with the
933 default option `random = TRUE': this is now fixed.
935 o A bug was fixed in nuc.div() when using pairwise deletions.
937 o A bug occurred in the analysis of bipartitions with large
938 numbers of large trees, with consequences on prop.part,
939 prop.clades, and boot.phylo.
941 o The calculation of the Billera-Holmes-Vogtmann distance in
942 dist.topo was wrong: this has been fixed.
946 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-2
951 o The new function ladderize reorganizes the internal structure of
952 a tree to plot them left- or right-ladderized.
954 o The new function dist.nodes computes the patristic distances
955 between all nodes, internal and terminal, of a tree. It replaces
956 the option `full = TRUE' of cophenetic.phylo (see below).
961 o A bug was fixed in old2new.phylo().
963 o Some bugs were fixed in chronopl().
965 o The edge colours were not correctly displayed by plot.phylo
966 (thank you to Li-San Wang for the fix).
968 o cophenetic.phylo() failed with multichotomous trees: this is
974 o read.dna() now returns the sequences in a matrix if they are
975 aligned (interleaved or sequential format). Sequences in FASTA
976 format are still returned in a list.
978 o The option `full' of cophenetic.phylo() has been removed because
979 it could not be used from the generic.
984 o rotate() has been removed; this function did not work correctly
989 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9-1
994 o Trees with a single tip were not read correctly in R as the
995 element `Nnode' was not set: this is fixed.
997 o unroot() did not set correctly the number of nodes of the
998 unrooted tree in most cases.
1000 o read.GenBank() failed when fetching very long sequences,
1001 particularly of the BX-series.
1003 o A bug was introduced in read.tree() with ape 1.9: it has been
1008 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.9
1013 o There are two new print `methods' for trees of class "phylo" and
1014 lists of trees of class "multi.tree", so that they are now
1015 displayed in a compact and informative way.
1017 o There are two new functions, old2new.phylo and new2old.phylo,
1018 for converting between the old and new coding of the class
1021 o dist.dna() has three new models: Barry and Hartigan ("BH87"),
1022 LogDet ("logdet"), and paralinear ("paralin").
1024 o compute.brlen() has been extended: several methods are now
1025 available to compute branch lengths.
1027 o write.dna() can now handle matrices as well as lists.
1032 o cophenetic.phylo() sometimes returned a wrong result with
1033 multichotomous trees: this is fixed.
1035 o rotate() failed when a single tip was specified: the tree is now
1038 o ace() did not return the correct index matrix with custom
1039 models: this is fixed.
1041 o multi2di() did not work correctly when resolving multichotomies
1042 randomly: the topology was always the same, only the arrangement
1043 of clades was randomized: this is fixed. This function now
1044 accepts trees with no branch lengths.
1046 o The output of diversi.gof() was blurred by useless prints when a
1047 user distribution was specified. This has been corrected, and
1048 the help page of this function has been expanded.
1053 o The internal structure of the class "phylo" has been changed:
1054 see the document "Definition of Formats for Coding Phylogenetic
1055 Trees in R" for the details. In addition, the code of most
1056 functions has been improved.
1058 o Several functions have been improved by replacing some R codes
1059 by C codes: pic, plot.phylo, and reorder.phylo.
1061 o There is now a citation information: see citation("ape") in R.
1063 o write.tree() now does not add extra 0's to branch lengths so
1064 that 1.23 is printed "1.23" by default, not "1.2300000000".
1066 o The syntax of bind.tree() has been simplified. This function now
1067 accepts trees with no branch lengths, and handles correctly node
1070 o The option `as.numeric' of mrca() has been removed.
1072 o The unused options `format' and `rooted' of read.tree() have
1075 o The unused option `format' of write.tree() has been removed.
1077 o The use of node.depth() has been simplified.
1081 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-5
1086 o Two new functions read.nexus.data() and write.nexus.data(),
1087 contributed by Johan Nylander, allow to read and write molecular
1088 sequences in NEXUS files.
1090 o The new function reorder.phylo() reorders the internal structure
1091 of a tree of class "phylo". It is used as the generic, e.g.,
1094 o read.tree() and read.nexus() can now read trees with a single
1097 o The new data set `cynipids' supplies a set of protein sequences
1103 o The code of all.equal.phylo() has been completely rewritten
1104 (thanks to Benoît Durand) which fixes several bugs.
1106 o read.tree() and read.nexus() now checks the labels of the tree
1107 to remove or substitute any characters that are illegal in the
1108 Newick format (parentheses, etc.)
1110 o A negative P-value could be returned by mantel.test(): this is
1115 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-4
1120 o The new function sh.test() computes the Shimodaira-
1123 o The new function collapse.singles() removes the nodes with a
1124 single descendant from a tree.
1126 o plot.phylo() has a new argument `tip.color' to specify the
1127 colours of the tips.
1129 o mlphylo() has now an option `quiet' to control the display of
1130 the progress of the analysis (the default is FALSE).
1135 o read.dna() did not read correctly sequences in sequential format
1136 with leading alignment gaps "-": this is fixed.
1138 o ace() returned a list with no class so that the generic
1139 functions (anova, logLik, ...) could not be used directly. This
1140 is fixed as ace() now returns an object of class "ace".
1142 o anova.ace() had a small bug when computing the number of degrees
1143 of freedom: this is fixed.
1145 o mlphylo() did not work when the sequences were in a matrix or
1146 a data frame: this is fixed.
1148 o rtree() did not work correctly when trying to simulate an
1149 unrooted tree with two tips: an error message is now issued.
1154 o The algorithm of rtree() has been changed: it is now about 40,
1155 100, and 130 times faster for 10, 100, and 1000 tips,
1160 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-3
1165 o There are four new `method' functions to be used with the
1166 results of ace(): logLik(), deviance(), AIC(), and anova().
1168 o The plot method of phymltest has two new arguments: `main' to
1169 change the title, and `col' to control the colour of the
1170 segments showing the AIC values.
1172 o ace() has a new argument `ip' that gives the initial values used
1173 in the ML estimation with discrete characters (see the examples
1174 in ?ace). This function now returns a matrix giving the indices
1175 of the estimated rates when analysing discrete characters.
1177 o nodelabels() and tiplabels() have a new argument `pie' to
1178 represent proportions, with any number of categories, as
1179 piecharts. The use of the option `thermo' has been improved:
1180 there is now no limitation on the number of categories.
1185 o mlphylo() did not work with more than two partitions: this is
1188 o root() failed if the proposed outgroup was already an outgroup
1189 in the tree: this is fixed.
1191 o The `col' argument in nodelabels() and tiplabels() was not
1192 correctly passed when `text' was used: this is fixed.
1194 o Two bugs were fixed in mlphylo(): parameters were not always
1195 correctly output, and the estimation failed in some cases.
1197 o plot.phylo() was stuck when given a tree with a single tip: this
1198 is fixed and a message error is now returned.
1200 o An error was corrected in the help page of gammaStat regarding
1201 the calculation of P-values.
1203 o Using gls() could crash R when the number of species in the tree
1204 and in the variables were different: this is fixed.
1208 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-2
1213 o The new function mlphylo() fits a phylogenetic tree by maximum
1214 likelihood from DNA sequences. Its companion function DNAmodel()
1215 is used to define the substitution model which may include
1216 partitioning. There are methods for logLik(), deviance(), and
1217 AIC(), and the summary() method has been extended to display in
1218 a friendly way the results of this model fitting. Currently, the
1219 functionality is limited to estimating the substitution and
1220 associated parameters and computing the likelihood.
1222 o The new function drop1.compar.gee (used as, e.g., drop1(m))
1223 tests for single effects in GEE-based comparative method. A
1224 warning message is printed if there is not enough degrees of
1230 o An error message was sometimes issued by plot.multi.tree(),
1231 though with no consequence.
1235 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8-1
1240 o There is a new plot method for lists of trees (objects of class
1241 "multi.tree"): it calls plot.phylo() internally and is
1242 documented on the same help page.
1247 o A bug was fixed in the C code that analyzes bipartitions: this
1248 has impact on several functions like prop.part, prop.clades,
1249 boot.phylo, or consensus.
1251 o root() did not work correctly when the specified outgroup had
1252 more than one element: this is fixed.
1254 o dist.dna() sometimes returned a warning inappropriately: this
1257 o If the distance object given to nj() had no rownames, nj()
1258 returned a tree with no tip labels: it now returns tips labelled
1259 "1", "2", ..., corresponding to the row numbers.
1264 o nj() has been slightly changed so that tips with a zero distance
1265 are first aggregated with zero-lengthed branches; the usual NJ
1266 procedure is then performed on a distance matrix without 0's.
1270 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.8
1275 o The new function chronopl() estimates dates using the penalized
1276 likelihood method by Sanderson (2002; Mol. Biol. Evol., 19:101).
1278 o The new function consensus() calculates the consensus tree of a
1281 o The new function evolve.phylo() simulates the evolution of
1282 continuous characters along a phylogeny under a Brownian model.
1284 o The new plot method for objects of class "ancestral" displays a
1285 tree together with ancestral values, as returned by the above
1288 o The new function as.phylo.formula() returns a phylogeny from a
1289 set of nested taxonomic variables given as a formula.
1291 o The new function read.caic() reads trees in CAIC format.
1293 o The new function tiplabels() allows to add labels to the tips
1294 of a tree using text or plotting symbols in a flexible way.
1296 o The new function unroot() unroots a phylogeny.
1298 o multi2di() has a new option, `random', which specifies whether
1299 to resolve the multichotomies randomly (the default) or not.
1301 o prop.part() now returns an object of class "prop.part" for which
1302 there are print (to display a partition in a more friendly way)
1303 and summary (to extract the numbers) methods.
1305 o plot.phylo() has a new option, `show.tip.label', specifying
1306 whether to print the labels of the tips. The default is TRUE.
1308 o The code of nj() has been replaced by a faster C code: it is now
1309 about 10, 25, and 40 times faster for 50, 100, and 200 taxa,
1312 o write.nexus() now writes whether a tree is rooted or not.
1317 o Two bugs have been fixed in root(): unrooted trees are now
1318 handled corretly, and node labels are now output normally.
1320 o A bug was fixed in phymltest(): the executable couldn't be found
1323 o Three bug have been fixed in ace(): computing the likelihood of
1324 ancestral states of discrete characters failed, custom models
1325 did not work, and the function failed with a null gradient (a
1326 warning message is now returned; this latter bug was also
1327 present in yule.cov() as well and is now fixed).
1329 o pic() hanged out when missing data were present: a message error
1332 o A small bug was fixed in dist.dna() where the gamma correction
1333 was not always correctly dispatched.
1335 o plot.phylo() plotted correctly the root edge only when the tree
1336 was plotted rightwards: this works now for all directions.
1341 o dist.taxo() has been renamed as weight.taxo().
1343 o dist.phylo() has been replaced by the method cophenetic.phylo().
1345 o Various error and warning messages have been improved.
1349 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.7
1352 o The new function ace() estimates ancestral character states for
1353 continuous characters (with ML, GLS, and contrasts methods), and
1354 discrete characters (with ML only) for any number of states.
1356 o The new function compar.ou() fits the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model
1357 of directional evolution for continuous characters. The user
1358 specifies the node(s) of the tree where the character optimum
1361 o The new function is.rooted() tests whether a tree (of class
1364 o The new function rcoal() generates random ultrametric trees with
1365 the possibility to specify the function that generates the
1366 inter-nodes distances.
1368 o The new function mrca() gives for all pairs of tips in a tree
1369 (and optionally nodes too) the most recent common ancestor.
1371 o nodelabels() has a new option `thermo' to plot proportions (up
1372 to three classes) on the nodes of a tree.
1374 o rtree() has been improved: it can now generate rooted or
1375 unrooted trees, and the mathematical function that generates the
1376 branch lengths may be specified by the user. The tip labels may
1377 be given directly in the call to rtree. The limit cases (n = 2,
1378 3) are now handled correctly.
1380 o dist.topo() has a new argument `method' with two choices: "PH85"
1381 for Penny and Henny's method (already available before and now
1382 the default), and "BHV01" for the geometric distance by Billera
1383 et al. (2001, Adv. Appl. Math. 27:733).
1385 o write.tree() has a new option, `digits', which specifies the
1386 number of digits to be printed in the Newick tree. By default
1387 digits = 10. The numbers are now always printed in decimal form
1388 (i.e., 1.0e-1 is now avoided).
1390 o dist.dna() can now compute the raw distances between pairs of
1391 DNA sequences by specifying model = "raw".
1393 o dist.phylo() has a new option `full' to possibly compute the
1394 distances among all tips and nodes of the tree. The default if
1400 o Several bugs were fixed in all.equal.phylo().
1402 o dist.dna() did not handle correctly gaps ("-") in alignments:
1403 they are now considered as missing data.
1405 o rotate() did not work if the tips were not ordered: this is
1408 o mantel.test() returned NA in some special cases: this is fixed
1409 and the function has been improved and is now faster.
1411 o A bug was fixed in diversi.gof() where the calculation of A² was
1414 o cherry() did not work correctly under some OSs (mainly Linux):
1417 o is.binary.tree() has been modified so that it works with both
1418 rooted and unrooted trees.
1420 o The documentation of theta.s() was not correct: this has been
1423 o plot.mst() did not work correctly: this is fixed.
1427 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.6
1432 o The new function dist.topo() computes the topological distances
1435 o The new function boot.phylo() performs a bootstrap analysis on
1436 phylogeny estimation.
1438 o The new functions prop.part() and prop.clades() analyse
1439 bipartitions from a series of trees.
1444 o read.GenBank() now uses the EFetch utility of NCBI instead of
1445 the usual Web interface: it is now much faster (e.g., 12 times
1446 faster to retrieve 8 sequences, 37 times for 60 sequences).
1451 o Several bugs were fixed in read.dna().
1453 o Several bugs were fixed in diversi.time().
1455 o is.binary.tree() did not work correctly if the tree has no edge
1456 lengths: this is fixed.
1458 o drop.tip() did not correctly propagated the `node.label' of a
1459 tree: this is fixed.
1463 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.5
1468 o Two new functions, as.matching.phylo() and as.phylo.matching(),
1469 convert objects between the classes "phylo" and "matching". The
1470 latter implements the representation of binary trees introduced by
1471 Diaconis and Holmes (1998; PNAS 95:14600). The generic function
1472 as.matching() has been introduced as well.
1474 o Two new functions, multi2di() and di2multi(), allow to resolve
1475 and collapse multichotomies with branches of length zero.
1477 o The new function nuc.div() computes the nucleotide diversity
1478 from a sample a DNA sequences.
1480 o dist.dna() has been completely rewritten with a much faster
1481 (particularly for large data sets) C code. Eight models are
1482 available: JC69, K80, F81, K81, F84, T92, TN93, and GG95 (the
1483 option `method' has been renamed `model'). Computation of variance
1484 is available for all models. A gamma-correction is possible for
1485 JC69, K80, F81, and TN93. There is a new option, pairwise.deletion,
1486 to remove sites with missing data on a pairwise basis. The option
1487 `GCcontent' has been removed.
1489 o read.GenBank() has a new option (species.names) which specifies
1490 whether to return the species names of the organisms in addition
1491 to the accession numbers of the sequences (this is the default
1494 o write.nexus() can now write several trees in the same NEXUS file.
1496 o drop.tip() has a new option `root.edge' that allows to specify the
1497 new root edge if internal branches are trimmed.
1502 o as.phylo.hclust() failed if some labels had parentheses: this
1505 o Several bugs were fixed in all.equal.phylo(). This function now
1506 returns the logical TRUE if the trees are identical but with
1507 different representations (a report was printed previously).
1509 o read.GenBank() did not correctly handle ambiguous base codes:
1515 o birthdeath() now returns an object of class "birthdeath" for
1516 which there is a print method.
1520 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.4
1525 o The new function nj() performs phylogeny estimation with the
1526 neighbor-joining method of Saitou and Nei (1987; Mol. Biol.
1529 o The new function which.edge() identifies the edges of a tree
1530 that belong to a group specified as a set of tips.
1532 o The new function as.phylo.phylog() converts an object of class
1533 "phylog" (from the package ade4) into an object of class
1536 o The new function axisPhylo() draws axes on the side of a
1539 o The new function howmanytrees() calculates the number of trees
1540 in different cases and giving a number of tips.
1542 o write.tree() has a new option `multi.line' (TRUE by default) to
1543 write a Newick tree on several lines rather than on a single
1546 o The functionalities of zoom() have been extended. Several
1547 subtrees can be visualized at the same time, and they are marked
1548 on the main tree with colors. The context of the subtrees can be
1549 marked with the option `subtree' (see below).
1551 o drop.tip() has a new option `subtree' (FALSE by default) which
1552 specifies whether to output in the tree how many tips have been
1555 o The arguments of add.scale.bar() have been redefined and have
1556 now default values (see ?add.scale.bar for details). This
1557 function now works even if the plotted tree has no edge length.
1559 o plot.phylo() can now plot radial trees, but this does not take
1560 edge lengths into account.
1562 o In plot.phylo() with `type = "phylogram"', if the values of
1563 `edge.color' and `edge.width' are identical for sister-branches,
1564 they are propagated to the vertical line that link them.
1569 o Repeated calls to as.phylo.hclust() or as.hclust.phylo() made R
1570 crashing. This is fixed.
1572 o In plot.phylo(), the options `edge.color' and `edge.width' are
1573 now properly recycled; their default values are now "black" and
1576 o A bug has been fixed in write.nexus().
1581 o The function node.depth.edgelength() has been removed and
1582 replaced by a C code.
1586 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.3-1
1591 o The new function nodelabels() allows to add labels to the nodes
1592 of a tree using text or plotting symbols in a flexible way.
1594 o In plot.phylo() the arguments `x.lim' and `y.lim' can now be two
1595 numeric values specifying the lower and upper limits on the x-
1596 and y-axes. This allows to leave some space on any side of the
1597 tree. If a single value is given, this is taken as the upper
1602 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.3
1607 o The new function phymltest() calls the software PHYML and fits
1608 28 models of DNA sequence evolution. There are a print method to
1609 display likelihood and AIC values, a summary method to compute
1610 the hierarchical likelihood ratio tests, and a plot method to
1611 display graphically the AIC values of each model.
1613 o The new function yule.cov() fits the Yule model with covariates,
1614 a model where the speciation rate is affected by several species
1615 traits through a generalized linear model. The parameters are
1616 estimated by maximum likelihood.
1618 o Three new functions, corBrownian(), corGrafen(), and
1619 corMartins(), compute the expected correlation structures among
1620 species given a phylogeny under different models of evolution.
1621 These can be used for GLS comparative phylogenetic methods (see
1622 the examples). There are coef() and corMatrix() methods and an
1623 Initialize.corPhyl() function associated.
1625 o The new function compar.cheverud() implements Cheverud et al.'s
1626 (1985; Evolution 39:1335) phylogenetic comparative method.
1628 o The new function varcomp() estimates variance components; it has
1631 o Two new functions, panel.superpose.correlogram() and
1632 plot.correlogramList(), allow to plot several phylogenetic
1635 o The new function node.leafnumber() computes the number of leaves
1636 of a subtree defined by a particular node.
1638 o The new function node.sons() gets all tags of son nodes from a
1641 o The new function compute.brlen() computes the branch lengths of
1642 a tree according to a specified method.
1644 o plot.phylo() has three new options: "cex" controls the size of
1645 the (tip and node) labels (thus it is no more needed to change
1646 the global graphical parameter), "direction" which allows to
1647 plot the tree rightwards, leftwards, upwards, or downwards, and
1648 "y.lim" which sets the upper limit on the y-axis.
1653 o Some functions which try to match tip labels and names of
1654 additional data (e.g. vector) are likely to fail if there are
1655 typing or syntax errors. If both series of names do not perfectly
1656 match, they are ignored and a warning message is now issued.
1657 These functions are bd.ext, compar.gee, pic. Their help pages
1658 have been clarified on this point.
1662 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-7
1667 o The new function root() reroots a phylogenetic tree with respect
1668 to a specified outgroup.
1670 o The new function rotate() rotates an internal branch of a tree.
1672 o In plot.phylo(), the new argument "lab4ut" (labels for unrooted
1673 trees) controls the display of the tip labels in unrooted trees.
1674 This display has been greatly improved: the tip labels are now not
1675 expected to overlap with the tree (particularly if lab4ut =
1676 "axial"). In all cases, combining appropriate values of "lab4ut"
1677 and the font size (via "par(cex = )") should result in readable
1678 unrooted trees. See ?plot.phylo for some examples.
1680 o In drop.tip(), the argument `tip' can now be numeric or character.
1685 o drop.tip() did not work correctly with trees with no branch
1686 lengths: this is fixed.
1688 o A bug in plot.phylo(..., type = "unrooted") made some trees being
1689 plotted with some line crossings: this is now fixed.
1693 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-6
1698 o Six new functions (Moran.I, correlogram.formula, discrete.dist,
1699 correlogram.phylo, dist.taxo, plot.correlogram) have been added
1700 to implement comparative methods with an autocorrelation approach.
1702 o A new data set describing some life history traits of Carnivores
1708 o A fix was made on mcmc.popsize() to conform to R 2.0.0.
1713 o When plotting a tree with plot.phylo(), the new default of the
1714 option `label.offset' is now 0, so the labels are always visible.
1718 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-5
1723 o The new function bd.ext() fits a birth-death model with combined
1724 phylogenetic and taxonomic data, and estimates the corresponding
1725 speciation and extinction rates.
1730 o The package gee is no more required by ape but only suggested
1731 since only the function compar.gee() calls gee.
1735 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-4
1740 o Four new functions (mcmc.popsize, extract.popsize, plot.popsize,
1741 and lines.popsize) implementing a new approach for inferring the
1742 demographic history from genealogies using a reversible jump
1743 MCMC have been introduced.
1745 o The unit of time in the skyline plot and in the new plots can
1746 now be chosen to be actual years, rather than substitutions.
1750 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-3
1755 o The new function rtree() generates a random binary tree with or
1756 without branch lengths.
1758 o Two new functions for drawing lineages-through-time (LTT) plots
1759 are provided: ltt.lines() adds a LTT curve to an existing plot,
1760 and mltt.plot() does a multiple LTT plot giving several trees as
1761 arguments (see `?ltt.plot' for details).
1766 o Some taxon names made R crashing when calling as.phylo.hclust():
1769 o dist.dna() returned an error with two identical DNA sequences
1770 (only using the Jukes-Cantor method returned 0): this is fixed.
1775 o The function dist.phylo() has been re-written using a different
1776 algorithm: it is now about four times faster.
1778 o The code of branching.times() has been improved: it is now about
1783 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-2
1788 o The new function seg.sites() finds the segregating sites in a
1789 sample of DNA sequences.
1794 o A bug introduced in read.tree() and in read.nexus() with version
1797 o A few errors were corrected and a few examples were added in the
1802 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2-1
1807 o plot.phylo() can now draw the edge of the root of a tree if it
1808 has one (see the new option `root.edge', its default is FALSE).
1813 o A bug was fixed in read.nexus(): files with semicolons inside
1814 comment blocks were not read correctly.
1816 o The behaviour of read.tree() and read.nexus() was corrected so
1817 that tree files with badly represented root edges (e.g., with
1818 an extra pair of parentheses, see the help pages for details)
1819 are now correctly represented in the object of class "phylo";
1820 a warning message is now issued.
1824 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.2
1829 o plot.phylo() has been completely re-written and offers several
1830 new functionalities. Three types of trees can now be drawn:
1831 phylogram (as previously), cladogram, and unrooted tree; in
1832 all three types the branch lengths can be drawn using the edge
1833 lengths of the phylogeny or not (e.g., if the latter is absent).
1834 The vertical position of the nodes can be adjusted with two
1835 choices (see option `node.pos'). The code has been re-structured,
1836 and two new functions (potentially useful for developpers) are
1837 documented separately: node.depth.edgelength() and node.depth();
1838 see the respective help pages for details.
1840 o The new function zoom() allows to explore very large trees by
1841 focusing on a small portion of it.
1843 o The new function yule() fits by maximum likelihood the Yule model
1844 (birth-only process) to a phylogenetic tree.
1846 o Support for writing DNA sequences in FASTA format has been
1847 introduced in write.dna() (support for reading sequences in
1848 this format was introduced in read.dna() in version 1.1-2).
1849 The function has been completely re-written, fixing some bugs
1850 (see below); the default behaviour is no more to display the
1851 sequences on the standard output. Several options have been
1852 introduced to control the sequence printing in a flexible
1853 way. The help page has been extended.
1855 o A new data set is included: a supertree of bats in NEXUS format.
1860 o In theta.s(), the default of the option `variance' has
1861 been changed to `FALSE' (as was indicated in the help page).
1863 o Several bugs were fixed in the code of all.equal.phylo().
1865 o Several bugs were fixed in write.dna(), particularly this
1866 function did not work with `format = "interleaved"'.
1868 o Various errors were corrected in the help pages.
1873 o The argument names of as.hclust.phylo() have been changed
1874 from "(phy)" to "(x, ...)" to conform to the definition of
1875 the corresponding generic function.
1877 o gamma.stat() has been renamed gammaStat() to avoid confusion
1878 since gamma() is a generic function.
1882 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1-3
1887 o base.freq() previously did not return a value of 0 for
1888 bases absent in the data (e.g., a vector of length 3 was
1889 returned if one base was absent). This is now fixed (a
1890 vector of length 4 is always returned).
1892 o Several bugs were fixed in read.nexus(), including that this
1893 function did not work in this absence of a "TRANSLATE"
1894 command in the NEXUS file, and that the commands were
1899 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1-2
1904 o The Tamura and Nei (1993) model of DNA distance is now implemented
1905 in dist.dna(): five models are now available in this function.
1907 o A new data set is included: a set of 15 sequences of the
1908 cytochrome b mitochondrial gene of the woodmouse (Apodemus
1914 o A bug in read.nexus() was fixed.
1916 o read.dna() previously did not work correctly in most cases.
1917 The function has been completely re-written and its help page
1918 has been considerably extended (see ?read.dna for details).
1919 Underscores (_) in taxon names are no more replaced with
1920 spaces (this behaviour was undocumented).
1922 o A bug was fixed in write.dna().
1926 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1-1
1931 o A bug in read.tree() introduced in APE 1.1 was fixed.
1933 o A bug in compar.gee() resulted in an error when trying to fit
1934 a model with `family = "binomial"'. This is now fixed.
1938 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.1
1943 o The Klastorin (1982) method as suggested by Misawa and Tajima
1944 (2000, Mol. Biol. Evol. 17:1879-1884) for classifying genes
1945 on the basis of phylogenetic trees has been implemented (see
1946 the function klastorin()).
1948 o Functions have been added to convert APE's "phylo" objects in
1949 "hclust" cluster objects and vice versa (see the help page of
1950 as.phylo for details).
1952 o Three new functions, ratogram(), chronogram() and NPRS.criterion(),
1953 are introduced for the estimation of absolute evolutionary rates
1954 (ratogram) and dated clock-like trees (chronogram) from
1955 phylogenetic trees using the non-parametric rate smoothing approach
1956 by MJ Sanderson (1997, Mol. Biol. Evol. 14:1218-1231).
1958 o A summary method is now provided printing a summary information on a
1959 phylogenetic tree with, for instance, `summary(tree)'.
1961 o The behaviour of read.tree() was changed so that all spaces and
1962 tabulations in tree files are now ignored. Consequently, spaces in tip
1963 labels are no more allowed. Another side effect is that read.nexus()
1964 now does not replace the underscores (_) in tip labels with spaces
1965 (this behaviour was undocumented).
1967 o The function plot.phylo() has a new option (`underscore') which
1968 specifies whether the underscores in tip labels should be written on
1969 the plot as such or replaced with spaces (the default).
1971 o The function birthdeath() now computes 95% confidence intervals of
1972 the estimated parameters using profile likelihood.
1974 o Three new data sets are included: a gene tree estimated from 36
1975 landplant rbcL sequences, a gene tree estimated from 32 opsin
1976 sequences, and a gene tree for 50 BRCA1 mammalian sequences.
1981 o A bug was fixed in dist.gene() where nothing was returned.
1983 o A bug in plot.mst() was fixed.
1985 o A bug in vcv.phylo() resulted in false correlations when the
1986 option `cor = TRUE' was used (now fixed).
1990 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 1.0
1995 o Two new functions, read.dna() and write.dna(), read/write in a file
1996 DNA sequences in interleaved or in sequential format.
1998 o Two new functions, read.nexus() and write.nexus(), read/write trees
2001 o The new function bind.tree() allows to bind two trees together,
2002 possibly handling root edges to give internal branches.
2004 o The new function drop.tip() removes the tips in a phylogenetic tree,
2005 and trims (or not) the corresponding internal branches.
2007 o The new function is.ultrametric() tests if a tree is ultrametric.
2009 o The function plot.phylo() has more functionalities such as drawing the
2010 branches with different colours and/or different widths, showing the
2011 node labels, controling the position and font of the labels, rotating
2012 the labels, and controling the space around the plot.
2014 o The function read.tree() can now read trees with no branch length,
2015 such as "(a,b),c);". Consequently, the element `edge.length' in
2016 objects of class "phylo" is now optional.
2018 o The function write.tree() has a new default behaviour: if the default
2019 for the option `file' is used (i.e. file = ""), then a variable of
2020 mode character containing the tree in Newick format is returned which
2021 can thus be assigned (e.g., tree <- write.tree(phy)).
2023 o The function read.tree() has a new argument `text' which allows
2024 to read the tree in a variable of mode character.
2026 o A new data set is included: the phylogenetic relationships among
2027 the orders of birds from Sibley and Ahlquist (1990).
2031 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 0.2-1
2036 o Several bugs were fixed in the help pages.
2040 CHANGES IN APE VERSION 0.2
2045 o The function write.tree() writes phylogenetic trees (objects of class
2046 "phylo") in an ASCII file using the Newick parenthetic format.
2048 o The function birthdeath() fits a birth-death model to branching times
2049 by maximum likelihood, and estimates the corresponding speciation and
2052 o The function scale.bar() adds a scale bar to a plot of a phylogenetic
2055 o The function is.binary.tree() tests whether a phylogeny is binary.
2057 o Two generic functions, coalescent.intervals() and collapsed.intervals(),
2058 as well as some methods are introduced.
2060 o Several functions, including some generics and methods, for computing
2061 skyline plot estimates (classic and generalized) of effective
2062 population size through time are introduced and replace the function
2063 skyline.plot() in version 0.1.
2065 o Two data sets are now included: the phylogenetic relationships among
2066 the families of birds from Sibley and Ahlquist (1990), and an
2067 estimated clock-like phylogeny of HIV sequences sampled in the
2068 Democratic Republic of Congo.
2071 DEPRECATED & DEFUNCT
2073 o The function skyline.plot() in ape 0.1 has been deprecated and
2074 replaced by more elaborate functions (see above).
2079 o Two important bugs were fixed in plot.phylo(): phylogenies with
2080 multichotomies not at the root or not with only terminal branches,
2081 and phylogenies with a single node (i.e. only terminal branches)
2082 did not plot. These trees should be plotted correctly now.
2084 o Several bugs were fixed in diversi.time() in the computation of
2087 o Various errors were corrected in the help pages.