3 This is a keyboard firmware based on the [tmk_keyboard firmware](http://github.com/tmk/tmk_keyboard) with some useful features for Atmel AVR controllers, and more specifically, the [OLKB product line](http://olkb.co) and the [ErgoDox EZ](http://www.ergodox-ez.com) keyboard.
5 QMK is developed and maintained by Jack Humbert of OLKB with contributions from the community, and of course, TMK.
7 This documentation is edited and maintained by Erez Zukerman of ErgoDox EZ. If you spot any typos or inaccuracies, please [open an issue](https://github.com/jackhumbert/qmk_firmware/issues/new).
9 ## Important background info: TMK documentation
11 The documentation below explains QMK customizations and elaborates on some of the more useful features of TMK. To understand the base firmware, and especially what *layers* are and how they work, please see [TMK_README.md](/TMK_README.md).
15 * [BUILD_GUIDE.md](BUILD_GUIDE.md) contains instructions to set up a build environment, build the firmware, and deploy it to a keyboard. Once your build environment has been set up, all `make` commands to actually build the firmware must be run from a folder in `keyboard/`.
16 * If you're looking to customize a keyboard that currently runs QMK or TMK, find your keyboard's directory under `keyboard/` and run the make commands from there.
17 * If you're looking to apply this firmware to an entirely new hardware project (a new kind of keyboard), you can create your own Quantum-based project by using `./new_project.sh <project_name>`, which will create `/keyboard/<project_name>` with all the necessary components for a Quantum project.
21 You have access to a bunch of goodies! Check out the Makefile to enable/disable some of the features. Uncomment the `#` to enable them. Setting them to `no` does nothing and will only confuse future you.
23 BACKLIGHT_ENABLE = yes # Enable keyboard backlight functionality
24 MIDI_ENABLE = yes # MIDI controls
25 UNICODE_ENABLE = no # <-- This is how you disable an option, just set it to "no"
26 BLUETOOTH_ENABLE = yes # Enable Bluetooth with the Adafruit EZ-Key HID
28 ### Customizing Makefile options on a per-keymap basis
30 If your keymap directory has a file called `makefile.mk` (note the lowercase filename, and the `.mk` extension), any Makefile options you set in that file will take precedence over other Makefile options (those set for Quantum as a whole or for your particular keyboard).
32 So let's say your keyboard's makefile has `CONSOLE_ENABLE = yes` (or maybe doesn't even list the `CONSOLE_ENABLE` option, which would cause it to revert to the global Quantum default). You want your particular keymap to not have the debug console, so you make a file called `makefile.mk` and specify `CONSOLE_ENABLE = no`.
34 ## Quick aliases to common actions
36 Your keymap can include shortcuts to common operations (called "function actions" in tmk).
38 ### Switching and toggling layers
40 `MO(layer)` - momentary switch to *layer*. As soon as you let go of the key, the layer is deactivated and you pop back out to the previous layer. When you apply this to a key, that same key must be set as `KC_TRNS` on the destination layer. Otherwise, you won't make it back to the original layer when you release the key (and you'll get a keycode sent). You can only switch to layers *above* your current layer. If you're on layer 0 and you use `MO(1)`, that will switch to layer 1 just fine. But if you include `MO(3)` on layer 5, that won't do anything for you -- because layer 3 is lower than layer 5 on the stack.
42 `LT(layer, kc)` - momentary switch to *layer* when held, and *kc* when tapped. Like `MO()`, this only works upwards in the layer stack (`layer` must be higher than the current layer).
44 `TG(layer)` - toggles a layer on or off. As with `MO()`, you should set this key as `KC_TRNS` in the destination layer so that tapping it again actually toggles back to the original layer. Only works upwards in the layer stack.
46 ### Fun with modifier keys
48 * `LSFT(kc)` - applies left Shift to *kc* (keycode) - `S(kc)` is an alias
49 * `RSFT(kc)` - applies right Shift to *kc*
50 * `LCTL(kc)` - applies left Control to *kc*
51 * `RCTL(kc)` - applies right Control to *kc*
52 * `LALT(kc)` - applies left Alt to *kc*
53 * `RALT(kc)` - applies right Alt to *kc*
54 * `LGUI(kc)` - applies left GUI (command/win) to *kc*
55 * `RGUI(kc)` - applies right GUI (command/win) to *kc*
56 * `HYPR(kc)` - applies Hyper (all modifiers) to *kc*
57 * `MEH(kc)` - applies Meh (all modifiers except Win/Cmd) to *kc*
58 * `LCAG(kc)` - applies CtrlAltGui to *kc*
60 You can also chain these, like this:
62 LALT(LCTL(KC_DEL)) -- this makes a key that sends Alt, Control, and Delete in a single keypress.
64 The following shortcuts automatically add `LSFT()` to keycodes to get commonly used symbols. Their long names are also available and documented in `/quantum/keymap_common.h`.
84 `MT(mod, kc)` - is *mod* (modifier key - MOD_LCTL, MOD_LSFT) when held, and *kc* when tapped. In other words, you can have a key that sends Esc (or the letter O or whatever) when you tap it, but works as a Control key or a Shift key when you hold it down.
86 These are the values you can use for the `mod` in `MT()` (right-hand modifiers are not available):
93 These can also be combined like `MOD_LCTL | MOD_LSFT` e.g. `MT(MOD_LCTL | MOD_LSFT, KC_ESC)` which would activate Control and Shift when held, and send Escape when tapped.
95 We've added shortcuts to make common modifier/tap (mod-tap) mappings more compact:
97 * `CTL_T(kc)` - is LCTL when held and *kc* when tapped
98 * `SFT_T(kc)` - is LSFT when held and *kc* when tapped
99 * `ALT_T(kc)` - is LALT when held and *kc* when tapped
100 * `GUI_T(kc)` - is LGUI when held and *kc* when tapped
101 * `ALL_T(kc)` - is Hyper (all mods) when held and *kc* when tapped. To read more about what you can do with a Hyper key, see [this blog post by Brett Terpstra](http://brettterpstra.com/2012/12/08/a-useful-caps-lock-key/)
102 * `LCAG_T(kc)` - is CtrlAltGui when held and *kc* when tapped
103 * `MEH_T(kc)` - is like Hyper, but not as cool -- does not include the Cmd/Win key, so just sends Alt+Ctrl+Shift.
105 ### Temporarily setting the default layer
107 `DF(layer)` - sets default layer to *layer*. The default layer is the one at the "bottom" of the layer stack - the ultimate fallback layer. This currently does not persist over power loss. When you plug the keyboard back in, layer 0 will always be the default. It is theoretically possible to work around that, but that's not what `DF` does.
109 ### Prevent stuck modifiers
111 Consider the following scenario:
113 1. Layer 0 has a key defined as Shift.
114 2. The same key is defined on layer 1 as the letter A.
115 3. User presses Shift.
116 4. User switches to layer 1 for whatever reason.
117 5. User releases Shift, or rather the letter A.
118 6. User switches back to layer 0.
120 Shift was actually never released and is still considered pressed.
122 If such situation bothers you add this to your `config.h`:
124 #define PREVENT_STUCK_MODIFIERS
126 This option uses 5 bytes of memory per every 8 keys on the keyboard
127 rounded up (5 bits per key). For example on Planck (48 keys) it uses
128 (48/8)\*5 = 30 bytes.
130 ### Remember: These are just aliases
132 These functions work the same way that their `ACTION_*` functions do - they're just quick aliases. To dig into all of the tmk ACTION_* functions, please see the [TMK documentation](https://github.com/jackhumbert/qmk_firmware/blob/master/tmk_core/doc/keymap.md#2-action).
134 Instead of using `FNx` when defining `ACTION_*` functions, you can use `F(x)` - the benefit here is being able to use more than 32 function actions (up to 4096), if you happen to need them.
136 ## Macro shortcuts: Send a whole string when pressing just one key
138 Instead of using the `ACTION_MACRO` function, you can simply use `M(n)` to access macro *n* - *n* will get passed into the `action_get_macro` as the `id`, and you can use a switch statement to trigger it. This gets called on the keydown and keyup, so you'll need to use an if statement testing `record->event.pressed` (see keymap_default.c).
141 const macro_t *action_get_macro(keyrecord_t *record, uint8_t id, uint8_t opt) // this is the function signature -- just copy/paste it into your keymap file as it is.
144 case 0: // this would trigger when you hit a key mapped as M(0)
145 if (record->event.pressed) {
146 return MACRO( I(255), T(H), T(E), T(L), T(L), W(255), T(O), END ); // this sends the string 'hello' when the macro executes
153 A macro can include the following commands:
155 * I() change interval of stroke in milliseconds.
158 * T() type key(press and release).
159 * W() wait (milliseconds).
162 So above you can see the stroke interval changed to 255ms between each keystroke, then a bunch of keys being typed, waits a while, then the macro ends.
164 Note: Using macros to have your keyboard send passwords for you is possible, but a bad idea.
166 ### Advanced macro functions
168 To get more control over the keys/actions your keyboard takes, the following functions are available to you in the `action_get_macro` function block:
170 * `record->event.pressed`
172 This is a boolean value that can be tested to see if the switch is being pressed or released. An example of this is
175 if (record->event.pressed) {
182 * `register_code(<kc>);`
184 This sends the `<kc>` keydown event to the computer. Some examples would be `KC_ESC`, `KC_C`, `KC_4`, and even modifiers such as `KC_LSFT` and `KC_LGUI`.
186 * `unregister_code(<kc>);`
188 Parallel to `register_code` function, this sends the `<kc>` keyup event to the computer. If you don't use this, the key will be held down until it's sent.
192 This will turn on the layer `<n>` - the higher layer number will always take priority. Make sure you have `KC_TRNS` for the key you're pressing on the layer you're switching to, or you'll get stick there unless you have another plan.
196 This will turn off the layer `<n>`.
198 * `clear_keyboard();`
200 This will clear all mods and keys currently pressed.
204 This will clear all mods currently pressed.
206 * `clear_keyboard_but_mods();`
208 This will clear all keys besides the mods currently pressed.
210 * `update_tri_layer(layer_1, layer_2, layer_3);`
212 If the user attempts to activate layer 1 AND layer 2 at the same time (for example, by hitting their respective layer keys), layer 3 will be activated. Layers 1 and 2 will _also_ be activated, for the purposes of fallbacks (so a given key will fall back from 3 to 2, to 1 -- and only then to 0).
214 #### Timer functionality
216 It's possible to start timers and read values for time-specific events - here's an example:
219 static uint16_t key_timer;
220 key_timer = timer_read();
221 if (timer_elapsed(key_timer) < 100) {
222 // do something if less than 100ms have passed
224 // do something if 100ms or more have passed
228 It's best to declare the `static uint16_t key_timer;` outside of the macro block (top of file, etc).
230 ## Additional keycode aliases for software-implemented layouts (Colemak, Dvorak, etc)
232 Everything is assuming you're in Qwerty (in software) by default, but there is built-in support for using a Colemak or Dvorak layout by including this at the top of your keymap:
234 #include <keymap_extras/keymap_colemak.h>
236 If you use Dvorak, use `keymap_dvorak.h` instead of `keymap_colemak.h` for this line. After including this line, you will get access to:
238 * `CM_*` for all of the Colemak-equivalent characters
239 * `DV_*` for all of the Dvorak-equivalent characters
241 These implementations assume you're using Colemak or Dvorak on your OS, not on your keyboard - this is referred to as a software-implemented layout. If your computer is in Qwerty and your keymap is in Colemak or Dvorak, this is referred to as a firmware-implemented layout, and you won't need these features.
243 To give an example, if you're using software-implemented Colemak, and want to get an `F`, you would use `CM_F` - `KC_F` under these same circumstances would result in `T`.
245 ## Additional language support
247 In `quantum/keymap_extras/`, you'll see various language files - these work the same way as the alternative layout ones do. Most are defined by their two letter country/language code followed by an underscore and a 4-letter abbreviation of its name. `FR_UGRV` which will result in a `ù` when using a software-implemented AZERTY layout. It's currently difficult to send such characters in just the firmware (but it's being worked on - see Unicode support).
251 You can currently send 4 hex digits with your OS-specific modifier key (RALT for OSX with the "Unicode Hex Input" layout) - this is currently limited to supporting one OS at a time, and requires a recompile for switching. 8 digit hex codes are being worked on. The keycode function is `UC(n)`, where *n* is a 4 digit hexidecimal. Enable from the Makefile.
253 ## Other firmware shortcut keycodes
255 * `RESET` - puts the MCU in DFU mode for flashing new firmware (with `make dfu`)
256 * `DEBUG` - the firmware into debug mode - you'll need hid_listen to see things
257 * `BL_ON` - turns the backlight on
258 * `BL_OFF` - turns the backlight off
259 * `BL_<n>` - sets the backlight to level *n*
260 * `BL_INC` - increments the backlight level by one
261 * `BL_DEC` - decrements the backlight level by one
262 * `BL_TOGG` - toggles the backlight
263 * `BL_STEP` - steps through the backlight levels
265 Enable the backlight from the Makefile.
269 This is still a WIP, but check out `quantum/keymap_midi.c` to see what's happening. Enable from the Makefile.
271 ## Bluetooth functionality
273 This requires [some hardware changes](https://www.reddit.com/r/MechanicalKeyboards/comments/3psx0q/the_planck_keyboard_with_bluetooth_guide_and/?ref=search_posts), but can be enabled via the Makefile. The firmware will still output characters via USB, so be aware of this when charging via a computer. It would make sense to have a switch on the Bluefruit to turn it off at will.
275 ## International Characters on Windows
277 [AutoHotkey](https://autohotkey.com) allows Windows users to create custom hotkeys among others.
279 The method does not require Unicode support in the keyboard itself but depends instead of AutoHotkey running in the background.
281 First you need to select a modifier combination that is not in use by any of your programs.
282 CtrlAltWin is not used very widely and should therefore be perfect for this.
283 There is a macro defined for a mod-tab combo `LCAG_T`.
284 Add this mod-tab combo to a key on your keyboard, e.g.: `LCAG_T(KC_TAB)`.
285 This makes the key behave like a tab key if pressed and released immediately but changes it to the modifier if used with another key.
287 In the default script of AutoHotkey you can define custom hotkeys.
292 The hotkeys above are for the combination CtrlAltGui and CtrlAltGuiShift plus the letter a.
293 AutoHotkey inserts the Text right of `Send, ` when this combination is pressed.
295 ## RGB Under Glow Mod
297 ![Planck with RGB Underglow](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yangliu/qmk_firmware/planck-rgb/keyboard/planck/keymaps/yang/planck-with-rgb-underglow.jpg)
299 Here is a quick demo on Youtube (with NPKC KC60) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VKrpPAHlisY).
301 For this mod, you need an unused pin wiring to DI of WS2812 strip. After wiring the VCC, GND, and DI, you can enable the underglow in your Makefile.
303 RGBLIGHT_ENABLE = yes
305 Please note that the underglow is not compatible with audio output. So you cannot enable both of them at the same time.
307 Please add the following options into your config.h, and set them up according your hardware configuration. These settings are for the F4 by default:
309 #define ws2812_PORTREG PORTF
310 #define ws2812_DDRREG DDRF
311 #define ws2812_pin PF4
312 #define RGBLED_NUM 14 // Number of LEDs
313 #define RGBLIGHT_HUE_STEP 10
314 #define RGBLIGHT_SAT_STEP 17
315 #define RGBLIGHT_VAL_STEP 17
317 You'll need to edit `PORTF`, `DDRF`, and `PF4` on the first three lines to the port/pin you have your LED(s) wired to, eg for B3 change things to:
319 #define ws2812_PORTREG PORTB
320 #define ws2812_DDRREG DDRB
321 #define ws2812_pin PB3
323 The firmware supports 5 different light effects, and the color (hue, saturation, brightness) can be customized in most effects. To control the underglow, you need to modify your keymap file to assign those functions to some keys/key combinations. For details, please check this keymap. `keyboard/planck/keymaps/yang/keymap.c`
327 ![WS2812 Wiring](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/yangliu/qmk_firmware/planck-rgb/keyboard/planck/keymaps/yang/WS2812-wiring.jpg)
329 Please note the USB port can only supply a limited amount of power to the keyboard (500mA by standard, however, modern computer and most usb hubs can provide 700+mA.). According to the data of NeoPixel from Adafruit, 30 WS2812 LEDs require a 5V 1A power supply, LEDs used in this mod should not more than 20.
331 ## Safety Considerations
333 You probably don't want to "brick" your keyboard, making it impossible
334 to rewrite firmware onto it. Here are some of the parameters to show
335 what things are (and likely aren't) too risky.
337 - If a keyboard map does not include RESET, then, to get into DFU
338 mode, you will need to press the reset button on the PCB, which
339 requires unscrewing some bits.
340 - Messing with tmk_core / common files might make the keyboard
342 - Too large a .hex file is trouble; `make dfu` will erase the block,
343 test the size (oops, wrong order!), which errors out, failing to
345 - DFU tools do /not/ allow you to write into the bootloader (unless
346 you throw in extra fruitsalad of options), so there is little risk
348 - EEPROM has around a 100000 write cycle. You shouldn't rewrite the
349 firmware repeatedly and continually; that'll burn the EEPROM