@cindex tabstaff
@cindex tablature
-The lines of a staff (pl. staves) are produced by the @code{staff symbol}
-layout object. Staves are created with the @code{\new} or
+Staves (sg. staff) are created with the @code{\new} or
@code{\context} commands. For an explanation on these commands,
see @ref{Creating contexts}.
@itemize
@item
The default is @code{Staff}:
-@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
-\relative c'' {
- \new Staff { c d e f }
-}
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote,fragment,relative=2]
+\new Staff { c d e f }
@end lilypond
@item
@code{DrumStaff} creates a five line staff set up for a typical drum set.
It uses different names for each instrument. The instrument names have to
be set using the @code{drummode}. See @ref{Percussion staves}.
+
@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
\new DrumStaff {
\drummode { cymc hh ss tomh }
}
@end lilypond
+@c FIXME: remove when mentioned in NR 2.8
@item
@code{GregorianTranscriptionStaff} sets up a staff to notate modern
Gregorian chant. It does not show bar lines.
-@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
-\relative c'' {
- \new GregorianTranscriptionStaff { c d e f }
-}
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote,fragment,relative=2]
+\new GregorianTranscriptionStaff { c d e f }
@end lilypond
@item
@code{RhythmicStaff} can be used to show the rhythm of some music. The
notes are printed on one line regardless of their pitch, but the duration
is preserved. See @ref{Showing melody rhythms}.
-@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
-\relative c'' {
- \new RhythmicStaff { c d e f }
-}
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote,fragment,relative=2]
+\new RhythmicStaff { c d e f }
@end lilypond
@item
@code{TabStaff} creates by default a tablature with six strings in
standard guitar tuning. See @ref{Tablatures basic}.
-@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
-\relative c'' {
- \new TabStaff { c d e f }
-}
+
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote,fragment,relative=2]
+\new TabStaff { c d e f }
@end lilypond
@end itemize
Music Glossary: @rglos{staff}, @rglos{staves}.
Notation Reference: @ref{Percussion staves},
-@ref{Tablatures basic}, @ref{Gregorian Chant contexts}, and
+@ref{Tablatures basic}, @ref{Gregorian Chant contexts},
@ref{Mensural contexts}.
Snippets: @lsrdir{Staff,Staff-notation}.
Internals Reference: @internalsref{Staff}, @internalsref{DrumStaff},
@internalsref{GregorianTranscriptionStaff}, @internalsref{RhythmicStaff},
@internalsref{TabStaff}, @internalsref{MensuralStaff},
-@internalsref{VaticanaStaff}.
+@internalsref{VaticanaStaff}, @internalsref{StaffSymbol}.
of the system start delimiter, but they have also influence on the
behavior of the bar lines.
-Each staff group context sets the property
-@code{systemStartDelimiter} to one of the values
-@code{SystemStartBar}, @code{SystemStartBrace},
-and @code{SystemStartBracket}. A fourth delimiter,
-@code{systemStartSquare}, is also available, but must be
-instantiated manually. The usage of this last delimiter is shown further
-down in the snippet section.
-
-
@itemize
@item
If no context is specified, the default properties for the score
bar lines are not connected. The name of the beginning bar line
grob is @code{SystemStartBar}.
-@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
-\relative c'' <<
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote,fragment,relative=2]
+<<
\new Staff { c1 c }
\new Staff { c c }
>>
In a @code{StaffGroup}, the bar lines will be drawn through
all the staves, and the group is started with a bracket.
-@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote,fragment,relative=2]
\new StaffGroup {
- \relative c'' <<
+ <<
\new Staff { c1 c }
\new Staff { c c }
>>
In a @code{ChoirStaff}, the group is
started with a bracket, but bar lines are not connected.
-@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote,fragment,relative=2]
\new ChoirStaff {
- \relative c'' <<
+ <<
\new Staff { c1 c }
\new Staff { c c }
>>
In a @code{GrandStaff}, the group is started with a brace
at the left, and bar lines are connected between the staves.
-@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote,fragment,relative=2]
\new GrandStaff {
- \relative c'' <<
+ <<
\new Staff { c1 c }
\new Staff { c c }
>>
optimized for setting piano music. In particular it supports the printing
of an instrument name directly, see @ref{Instrument names}.
-@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote]
+@lilypond[verbatim,ragged-right,quote,fragment,relative=2]
\new PianoStaff {
- \relative c'' <<
+ <<
\new Staff { c1 c }
\new Staff { c c }
>>
@end itemize
+Each staff group context sets the property
+@code{systemStartDelimiter} to one of the values
+@code{SystemStartBar}, @code{SystemStartBrace},
+and @code{SystemStartBracket}. A fourth delimiter,
+@code{systemStartSquare}, is also available, but must be
+instantiated manually. The usage of this last delimiter is shown further
+down in the snippet section.
+
According to classic engraver rules an orchestral score consists of
staves connected only with a single line at the beginning of the system.
In LilyPond this is produced grouping the @code{Staff} contexts with
@lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
{mensurstriche-layout-bar-lines-between-the-staves.ly}
-
+@c FIXME: move to NR 2.8.x when sectioning is ready
@seealso
Snippets: @lsrdir{Staff,Staff-notation}
-Internals Reference: @internalsref{ChoirStaff},
-@internalsref{GrandStaff}, @internalsref{StaffGroup},
+Internals Reference: @internalsref{Staff}, @internalsref{ChoirStaff},
+@internalsref{GrandStaff}, @internalsref{PianoStaff},
+@internalsref{StaffGroup}, @internalsref{systemStartDelimiter},
@internalsref{SystemStartBar}, @internalsref{SystemStartBrace},
-@internalsref{SystemStartBracket}, and @internalsref{systemStartSquare}.
+@internalsref{SystemStartBracket}, @internalsref{systemStartSquare}.
@node Deeper nested staff groups
Here is an example of an orchestral score using groupings and nesting
of these groupings. Note that the instrument names are omitted from the
-source code, see @ref{Instrument names} how to set them.
+source code, for instructions how to set them see @ref{Instrument names}.
@cindex staff, nested
@cindex staves, nested
@seealso
-Internals Reference: @internalsref{SystemStartBar},
+Snippets: @lsrdir{Staff,Staff-notation}
+
+Internals Reference: @internalsref{InnerChoirStaffGroup},
+@internalsref{InnerStaffGroup}, @internalsref{SystemStartBar},
@internalsref{SystemStartBrace}, @internalsref{SystemStartBracket},
@internalsref{systemStartDelimiterHierarchy}.
@cindex stop staff lines
@cindex start staff lines
@cindex staff lines, amount of
+@cindex staff lines, number of
@cindex staff line, thickness of
@cindex amount of staff lines
@cindex thickness of staff lines
@cindex ledger lines, setting
@cindex setting of ledger lines
@cindex spacing of ledger lines
+@cindex number of staff lines
The layout object which draws the lines of a staff is called
@code{staff symbol}. The staff symbol may be tuned in number,
@node Ossia staves
@subsubsection Ossia staves
-@cindex staves, Frenched
+@cindex staff, Frenched
@cindex ossia
@cindex Frenched staves
+@cindex staff, resizing of
+@cindex resizing of staves
Tweaking the staff object allows to resize the staff:
@noindent
This involves shrinking the staff spaces, the staff lines and
-the font size. See @ref{Setting the staff size}.
+the font size by the factor 3. You find a more precise explanation
+in @ref{Setting the staff size}.
-In combination with Frenched staves, this may be used to typeset
-@emph{ossia} sections. An example is shown here
+The @emph{ossia} section in the next example are just put parallel
+to the main staff with @code{<<} and @code{>>} brackets. The @emph{ossia}
+staff is stopped and started explicitely and white space is inserted
+with the @code{\skip} command.
@lilypond[verbatim,relative=2,quote]
<<
\new Staff \with
{
+ %No time signature in the ossia staff
\remove "Time_signature_engraver"
- fontSize = #-2
- \override StaffSymbol #'staff-space = #(magstep -2)
+ fontSize = #-3
+ \override StaffSymbol #'staff-space = #(magstep -3)
+ \override StaffSymbol #'thickness = # (magstep -3)
firstClef = ##f
}
\relative c'' {
\startStaff
f8 d g4
}
- \new Staff \relative
- {
+ \new Staff \relative c'' {
\time 2/4
c4 c g' g a a g2
}
-
>>
@end lilypond
-@cindex staff lines, setting number of
-@cindex staff lines, setting thickness of
-@cindex thickness of staff lines, setting
-@cindex number of staff lines, setting
@snippets
Music Glossary: @rglos{ossia}, @rglos{staff}, @rglos{Frenched staff}.
-Snippets: @lsrdir{Staff,Staff-notation}
+Snippets: @lsrdir{Staff,Staff-notation}.
-Internals Reference: @internalsref{StaffSymbol},
-@internalsref{DrumStaff}.
+Internals Reference: @internalsref{StaffSymbol}.
@node Hiding staves
@subsubsection Hiding staves
@cindex Frenched scores
-@cindex staves, hiding
-@cindex staves, empty
+@cindex staff, hiding
+@cindex staff, empty
+@cindex hiding of staves
+@cindex empty staves
+@cindex Frenched staves
In orchestral scores, staff lines that only have rests are usually
removed; this saves some space. This style is called @q{French
-Score}. For @code{Lyrics}, @code{ChordNames} and
-@code{FiguredBass}, this is switched on by default. When
+Score}. For the @code{Lyrics}, @code{ChordNames}, and
+@code{FiguredBass} contexts, this is switched on by default. When
the lines of these contexts turn out empty after the line-breaking
process, they are removed.
-For normal staves, a specialized @code{Staff} context is
-available, which does the same: staves containing nothing (or only
-multi-measure rests) are removed. The context definition is
-stored in @code{\RemoveEmptyStaffContext} variable. Observe how
-the second staff in this example disappears in the second line
+For normal staves this behaviour is called
+with the @code{\RemoveEmptyStaffContext} command. It is set
+in the @code{\layout} block. As a result staves containing
+nothing or whole mesure rests are removed after a line break.
@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim]
\layout {
\context { \RemoveEmptyStaffContext }
}
-
-{
- \relative c' <<
+\relative c'' {
+ <<
\new Staff { e4 f g a \break c1 }
\new Staff { c4 d e f \break R1 }
- >>
+ >>
}
@end lilypond
-The first system shows all staves in full. If empty staves should
-be removed from the first system too, set @code{remove-first} to
-true in @code{VerticalAxisGroup}.
-
-@example
-\override Score.VerticalAxisGroup #'remove-first = ##t
-@end example
To remove other types of contexts, use
@code{\AncientRemoveEmptyStaffContext} or
Another application of the @code{\RemoveEmptyStaffContext} is to
make ossia sections, i.e., alternative melodies on a separate
-piece of staff, with help of a Frenched staff. See @ref{Staff
-symbol}.
+piece of staff, with help of a Frenched staff. See @ref{Ossia staves}.
You can make the staff lines invisible by removing the
@code{Staff_symbol_engraver} from the @code{Staff} context.
}
@end lilypond
+@snippets
+
+The first empty staff can also be removed from the score with a
+setting in the @code{VerticalAxisGroup} property. This can be done
+globally inside the @code{\layout} block, or locally inside the
+specific staff that should be removed. In the latter case,
+you have to specify the context (@code{Staff} applies only to the
+current staff) in front of the property.
+
+The lower staff of the second staff group is not removed,
+because the setting applies only to the specific staff inside
+of which it is written.
+
+@lilypond[quote,ragged-right,verbatim,relative=2]
+\layout {
+ \context {
+ \RemoveEmptyStaffContext
+ %To use the setting globally, uncomment the following line:
+ %\override VerticalAxisGroup #'remove-first = ##t
+ }
+}
+\new StaffGroup
+ \relative c'' <<
+ \new Staff {
+ e4 f g a \break c1 }
+ \new Staff {
+ %To use the setting globally, comment this line, uncomment the line above
+ \override Staff.VerticalAxisGroup #'remove-first = ##t
+ R1 \break R1 }
+ >>
+\new StaffGroup
+ <<
+ \new Staff { e4 f g a \break c1 }
+ \new Staff { R \break R1 }
+ >>
+@end lilypond
+
+@c FIXME not yet in master
+@c lilypondfile[verbatim,lilyquote,ragged-right,texidoc]
+@c {remove-the-first-empy-line.ly}
+
+@predefined
+
+@code{\RemoveEmptyStaffContext},
+@code{\AncientRemoveEmptyStaffContext},
+@code{\RemoveEmptyRhythmicStaffContext},
+
@seealso
Notation Reference: @ref{Staff symbol}.
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