1 \documentclass{article}
3 \title{Not the Font-En-Tja font}
11 Feta (not an abbreviation of Font-En-Tja) is a font of music symbols.
13 sources are original. The symbols are modelled after
14 various editions of music, notably
22 The best references on Music engraving are Wanske\cite{wanske} and
23 Ross\cite{ross} quite some of their insights were used. Although it
24 is a matter of taste, I'd say that B\"arenreiter has the finest
28 \section{Bezier curves for simple slurs}
30 Objective: slurs in music are curved objects designating that notes
31 should fluently bound. They are drawn as smooth curves, with their
32 center thicker and the endings tapered.
34 Long slurs are flat, whereas short slurs look like small circle arcs.
35 Details are given in Wanske\cite{ross} and Ross\cite{wanske}. The
36 shape of a slur can be given as a Bezier curve with four control
37 points. We will assume that the slur connects two notes of the same
38 pitch. Different slurs can be created by rotating the derived shape.
39 We will also assume that the slur has a vertical axis of symmetry
40 through its center. The left point will be the origin. So we have
41 the following equations for the control points $c_1\kdots c_4$.
50 The quantity $b$ is given, it is the width of the slur. The
51 conditions on the shape of the slur for small and large $b$ transform
54 h \to h_{\infty} , &&\quad b \to \infty\\
55 h \approx r_{0} b, &&\quad b \to 0.
57 To tackle this, we will assume that $h = F(b)$, for some kind of
58 $F(\cdot)$. One function that satisfies the above conditions is
60 F(b) = h_{\infty} \frac{2}{\pi} \arctan \left( \frac{\pi r_0}{2
61 h_{\infty}} b \right).
64 For satisfying results we choose $h_{\infty} = 2\cdot \texttt{interline}$
67 The parameter $i$ determines the flatness of the curve. Satisfying
68 results have been obtained with $i = h$.
70 The formula can be generalised to allow for corrections in the shape,
79 i' = h(b) (1 + i_{corr}), \quad h' = h(b) (1 + h_{corr}).
82 The default values for these corrections are $0$. A $h_{corr}$ that is
83 negative, makes the curve flatter in the center. A $h_{corr}$ that is
84 positive make the curve higher.
90 Traditional engraving uses a set of 9 standardised sizes for Staffs
91 (running from 0 to 8).
93 We have tried to measure these (helped by a magnifying glass), and
94 found the staffsizes in the following table. One should note that
95 these are estimates, so I think there could be a measuring error of ~
96 .5 pt. Moreover [Ross] states that not all engravers use exactly
101 Staffsize &Numbers &Name\\
104 22.6pt &No. 1 &Giant/English\\
105 21.3pt &No. 2 &Giant/English\\
106 19.9pt &No. 3 &Regular, Ordinary, Common\\
107 19.1pt &No. 4 &Peter\\
108 17.1pt &No. 5 &Large middle\\
109 15.9pt &No. 6 &Small middle\\
110 13.7pt &No. 7 &Cadenza\\
111 11.1pt &No. 8 &Pearl\\
113 \caption{Font and staff sizes}
117 This table is partially taken from [Ross]. Most music is set in No.3,
118 but the papersizes usually are bigger than standard printer paper
119 (such as A4). If you plot these, you'll notice that the sizes (With
120 exception of 26) almost (but not quite) form a arithmetic progression.
122 Ross states that the dies (the stamps to make the symbols) come in
125 \bibliographystyle{plain}
126 \bibliography{engraving}