From 5b808a72fcc28dcd2f391c52d82a7e4384e4db12 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Graham Percival Date: Tue, 11 Mar 2008 01:37:09 -0700 Subject: [PATCH] Update from Patrick. --- Documentation/user/expressive.itely | 131 +++++++++++++++++----------- 1 file changed, 81 insertions(+), 50 deletions(-) diff --git a/Documentation/user/expressive.itely b/Documentation/user/expressive.itely index ae6e241a23..44befce2ab 100644 --- a/Documentation/user/expressive.itely +++ b/Documentation/user/expressive.itely @@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ @node Attached to notes @subsection Attached to notes - @menu * Articulations and ornamentations:: * Dynamics:: @@ -34,15 +33,21 @@ @cindex scripts @cindex ornaments -A variety of symbols can appear above and below notes to indicate -different characteristics of the performance. All these symbols -can be attached to a note using the syntax -@var{note}@tie{}@code{\}@var{name}. +A variety of symbols that denote articulations, ornamentations, +and other performance indications can be attached to a note using +this syntax: -@c Add a LilyPond example here soon. -pm +@example +@var{note}\@var{name} +@end example The possible values for @var{name} are listed in @ref{List of -articulations}. +articulations}. For example: + +@lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2] +c4\staccato c\mordent b2\turn +c1\fermata +@end lilypond @cindex marcato @cindex stopped @@ -66,9 +71,9 @@ c4-^ c-+ c-- c-| c-> c-. c-_ @end lilypond -The marks are placed automatically by default (either above or -below the note), but their positions can be manually @q{forced} -above or below notes as well. For details, see +The rules for the default placement of articulations are defined +in @file{scm/@/script@/.scm}. Articulations and ornamentations +may be manually placed above or below the staff, see @ref{Controlling direction and placement}. @cindex espressivo @@ -136,8 +141,7 @@ a4^\prall^\markup { \sharp } @seealso -Music Glossary: @rglos{marcato}, @rglos{stopped}, @rglos{tenuto}, -@rglos{staccatissimo}, @rglos{accent}, @rglos{staccato}, +Music Glossary: @rglos{tenuto}, @rglos{accent}, @rglos{staccato}, @rglos{portato}. Snippets: @lsrdir{Expressive,Expressive-marks} @@ -179,9 +183,9 @@ like @code{c4\ff}. The available dynamic marks are @code{\ppppp}, @code{\pppp}, @code{\ppp}, @code{\pp}, @code{\p}, @code{\mp}, @code{\mf}, @code{\f}, @code{\ff}, @code{\fff}, @code{\ffff}, @code{\fp}, @code{\sf}, @code{\sff}, @code{\sp}, @code{\spp}, -@code{\sfz}, and @code{\rfz}. The dynamic marks can be placed -above or below the staff: For details, see -@ref{Controlling direction and placement}. +@code{\sfz}, and @code{\rfz}. The dynamic marks may be manually +placed above or below the staff, see @ref{Controlling direction +and placement}. @lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2] c2\ppp c\mp @@ -212,9 +216,8 @@ c\< c\! d\> e\! << f1 { s4 s4\< s4\! \> s4\! } >> @end lilypond -This may give rise to very short hairpins. To lengthen them, use -for example @code{minimum-length} in -@internalsref{Voice}.@internalsref{Hairpin}: +This may give rise to very short hairpins. To lengthen them, the +following code can be used, for example: @example \override Voice.Hairpin #'minimum-length = #5 @@ -224,8 +227,8 @@ for example @code{minimum-length} in A @notation{hairpin} normally starts at the left edge of the beginning note and ends on the right edge of the ending note. If the ending note falls on the downbeat, the @notation{hairpin} ends -on the immediately preceding bar line. This may be modified by -setting the @code{hairpinToBarline} property: +on the immediately preceding bar line. The following example +illustrates this behavior: @lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2] e4\< e2. e1\! @@ -245,8 +248,7 @@ c2 b4 a g1\espressivo @cindex al niente @cindex niente, al -Hairpins may be printed with a circled tip (al niente notation) by -setting the @code{circled-tip} property: +Hairpins may be printed with a circled tip (al niente notation): @lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2] \override Hairpin #'circled-tip = ##t @@ -264,8 +266,8 @@ c4\> c\< c2\! @funindex \setHairpinDim @funindex \setHairpinDecresc -You can use text saying @emph{cresc.}, @emph{decr.}, or -@emph{dim.} instead of hairpins with the commands +You can use text saying @notation{cresc.}, @notation{decr.}, or +@notation{dim.} instead of hairpins with the commands @code{\setTextCresc}, @code{\setTextDim}, and @code{\setTextDecresc}. The corresponding @code{\setHairpinCresc}, @code{\setHairpinDim}, and @@ -329,18 +331,18 @@ the @code{staff-padding} property. You may also use this property if the dynamics are colliding with other notation. -Crescendi and decrescendi that cross a line break will be -continued on the second line. If they end on the first note of a -new line, nothing will be printed on that line. To change this -behavior, use +@notation{Crescendi} and @notation{decrescendi} that cross a line +break will be continued on the second line. If they end on the +first note of a new line, nothing will be printed on that line. +To change this behavior, use @example \override Score.Hairpin #'after-line-breaking = ##t @end example -Text style dynamic changes (such as @emph{cresc.} and @emph{dim.}) -are printed with a dashed line showing their extent. To surpress -printing this line, use +Text style dynamic changes (such as @notation{cresc.} and +@notation{dim.}) are printed with a dashed line showing their +extent. To surpress printing this line, use @example \override DynamicTextSpanner #'dash-period = #-1.0 @@ -349,8 +351,9 @@ printing this line, use @seealso -Music Glossary: @rglos{hairpin}, @rglos{crescendo}, -@rglos{decrescendo}. +@c TODO: Add hairpin to glossary. + +Music Glossary: @rglos{crescendo}, @rglos{decrescendo}. Learning Manual: @rlearning{Articulation and dynamics}. @@ -387,8 +390,8 @@ f( g a) a8 b( a4 g2 f4) Just as with ties, the direction of a slur can be specified with @code{\slur@emph{DIR}}, where @code{@emph{DIR}} is either @code{Up}, @code{Down}, or @code{Neutral} (@code{Neutral} is the -default). The shorthands are also available: For details, see -@ref{Controlling direction and placement}. +default). Slurs may be manually placed above or below the staff, +see @ref{Controlling direction and placement}. @lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2] c4_( c) c^( c) @@ -454,8 +457,9 @@ Typographically, the phrasing slur behaves almost exactly like a normal slur. However, they are treated as different objects. A @code{\slurUp} will have no effect on a phrasing slur; instead, use @code{\phrasingSlurUp}, @code{\phrasingSlurDown}, and -@code{\phrasingSlurNeutral}. The shorthands work for phrasing -slurs as well: For details, see @ref{Controlling direction and placement}. +@code{\phrasingSlurNeutral}. Phrasing slurs may be manually +placed above or below the staff, see @ref{Controlling direction +and placement}. You cannot have simultaneous phrasing slurs. @@ -504,6 +508,7 @@ c'4 d4 @end lilypond + @seealso Snippets: @lsrdir{Expressive,Expressive-marks} @@ -520,7 +525,25 @@ Internals Reference: @internalsref{BreathingSign} @funindex \bendAfter @notation{Falls} and @notation{doits} can be added to notes using -the @code{\bendAfter} command, +the @code{\bendAfter} command: + +@lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2] +c2-\bendAfter #+4 +c-\bendAfter #-4 +c-\bendAfter #+8 +c-\bendAfter #-8 +@end lilypond + +The dash (@tie{-}) following the note name is @emph{required} when +writing @notation{falls} and @notation{doits}. + + +@snippets + +The @code{shortest-duration-space} property may have to be tweaked +to adjust the shape of @notation{falls} and @notation{doits}. + +@c Fix this snippet. The tweak does not work. -pm @lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2] \override Score.SpacingSpanner #'shortest-duration-space = #3.0 @@ -531,7 +554,8 @@ c4-\bendAfter #-3 @seealso -Music Glossary: @rglos{falls}, @rglos{doits}. +@c TODO: add falls and doits to glossary. +@c Music Glossary: @rglos{falls}, @rglos{doits}. Snippets: @lsrdir{Expressive,Expressive-marks} @@ -599,7 +623,6 @@ supported. @cindex arpeggio @cindex broken chord -@funindex \arpeggio You can specify an @notation{arpeggio} (also known as a @notation{broken chord}) on a chord by attaching an @@ -637,6 +660,8 @@ reverts to the arrow-less version: @predefined +@funindex \arpeggio +@code{\arpeggio}, @funindex \arpeggioUp @code{\arpeggioUp}, @funindex \arpeggioDown @@ -709,7 +734,9 @@ moved to the Staff context: @seealso -Music Glossary: @rglos{arpeggio}, @rglos{broken chord}. +@c TODO: Add 'broken chord' to glossary. + +Music Glossary: @rglos{arpeggio} Notation Reference: @ref{Ties}, for writing out arpeggios. @@ -735,11 +762,11 @@ time. Short @notation{trills} are printed with @code{\trill} like normal articulation; see @ref{Articulations and ornamentations}. -Long running trills are made with @code{\startTrillSpan} and -@code{\stopTrillSpan}. In the following example, it is shown in -the common combination with grace notes. If a more precise -control of the placement of the grace notes is needed, see -@ref{Grace notes}. +Long running @notation{trills} are made with +@code{\startTrillSpan} and @code{\stopTrillSpan}. In the +following example, a long running @notation{trill} is shown +combined with grace notes. To achieve precise control of the +placement of the grace notes, see @ref{Grace notes}. @lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=2] c1 \afterGrace @@ -749,10 +776,14 @@ c4 @cindex pitched trills -Trills that should be executed on an explicitly specified pitch -can be typeset with the command @code{\pitchedTrill}, and the -syntax @code{\pitchedTrill} @var{mainnote} @code{\startTrillSpan} -@var{trillnote} @var{endnote} @code{\stopTrillSpan}. +@notation{Trills} that should be executed on an explicitly +specified pitch can be typeset with the command +@code{\pitchedTrill} using the following syntax: + +@example +@code{\pitchedTrill} @var{mainnote} @code{\startTrillSpan} +@var{trillnote} @var{endnote} @code{\stopTrillSpan} +@end example @lilypond[verbatim,quote,ragged-right,fragment,relative=1] \pitchedTrill e2 \startTrillSpan fis -- 2.39.5