From: Graham Percival Date: Mon, 19 Nov 2007 21:21:29 +0000 (-0800) Subject: Rearrange and reminders. X-Git-Tag: release/2.11.36-1~100 X-Git-Url: https://git.donarmstrong.com/?a=commitdiff_plain;h=2f870443addbe29bcb5495533a185b8258d62a52;p=lilypond.git Rearrange and reminders. --- diff --git a/Documentation/user/fundamental.itely b/Documentation/user/fundamental.itely index d00b4c260f..80d6a699e3 100644 --- a/Documentation/user/fundamental.itely +++ b/Documentation/user/fundamental.itely @@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ * Voices contain music:: * Contexts and engravers:: * Extending the templates:: -* Scores and parts:: @end menu @@ -688,37 +687,7 @@ LilyPond provides several ways to adjust the horizontal placing of notes. We are not quite ready yet to see how to correct this, so we shall leave this problem until a later section (see ... ) -FIXME: Move the following words and example into Tweaks or -somewhere more suitable, leaving just a ref here. -td - -Ways of correcting horizontal placings are described fully -in the Notation Reference. -We introduce just one here, the @code{force-hshift} property of -@code{NoteColumn}. The lower two notes of the first chord (i.e, -those in the third voice) should not be shifted away from the -note column of the higher two notes. To correct this we set -@code{force-hshift} of these notes to zero. -The lower note of the second chord is best placed just to the -right of the higher notes. We achieve this by setting -@code{force-hshift} of this note to 0.5, ie half a notehead's -width to the right of the note column of the higher notes. - -Here's the final result: - -@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment,ragged-right] -\new Staff \relative c'' { - \key aes \major - << - { c2 aes4. bes8 } \\ - { aes2 f4 fes } \\ - { \voiceFour - \once \override NoteColumn #'force-hshift = #0 2 - \once \override NoteColumn #'force-hshift = #0.5 des2 - } - >> | - 1 | -} -@end lilypond +TODO link. @node Explicitly instantiating voices @subsection Explicitly instantiating voices @@ -2110,130 +2079,4 @@ PedalOrganMusic = \relative c { } % end Score context @end lilypond -@node Scores and parts -@section Scores and parts - -TODO: this is really old stuff from the really old tutorial. -Rewrite, fix, etc. Or maybe delete entirely. -gp -Include section on tags -td -and then move to section 5. Working ... -td - -In orchestral music, all notes are printed twice. Once in a part for -the musicians, and once in a full score for the conductor. Variables can -be used to avoid double work. The music is entered once, and stored in -a variable. The contents of that variable is then used to generate -both the part and the full score. - -It is convenient to define the notes in a special file. For example, -suppose that the file @file{horn-music.ly} contains the following part -of a horn/@/bassoon duo - -@example -hornNotes = \relative c @{ - \time 2/4 - r4 f8 a cis4 f e d -@} -@end example - -@noindent -Then, an individual part is made by putting the following in a file - -@example -\include "horn-music.ly" -\header @{ - instrument = "Horn in F" -@} - -@{ - \transpose f c' \hornNotes -@} -@end example - -The line - -@example -\include "horn-music.ly" -@end example - -@noindent -substitutes the contents of @file{horn-music.ly} at this position in -the file, so @code{hornNotes} is defined afterwards. The command -@code{\transpose f@tie{}c'} indicates that the argument, being -@code{\hornNotes}, should be transposed by a fifth upwards. Sounding -@code{f} is denoted by notated @code{c'}, which corresponds with the -tuning of a normal French Horn in@tie{}F. The transposition can be seen -in the following output - -@lilypond[quote,ragged-right] -\transpose f c' \relative c { - \time 2/4 - r4 f8 a cis4 f e d -} -@end lilypond - -In ensemble pieces, one of the voices often does not play for many -measures. This is denoted by a special rest, the multi-measure -rest. It is entered with a capital @code{R} followed by a duration -(@code{1}@tie{}for a whole note, @code{2}@tie{}for a half note, -etc.). By multiplying the -duration, longer rests can be constructed. For example, this rest -takes 3@tie{}measures in 2/4 time - -@example -R2*3 -@end example - -When printing the part, multi-rests -must be condensed. This is done by setting a run-time variable - -@example -\set Score.skipBars = ##t -@end example - -@noindent -This command sets the property @code{skipBars} in the -@code{Score} context to true (@code{##t}). Prepending the rest and -this option to the music above, leads to the following result - -@lilypond[quote,ragged-right] -\transpose f c' \relative c { - \time 2/4 - \set Score.skipBars = ##t - R2*3 - r4 f8 a cis4 f e d -} -@end lilypond - - -The score is made by combining all of the music together. Assuming -that the other voice is in @code{bassoonNotes} in the file -@file{bassoon-music.ly}, a score is made with - -@example -\include "bassoon-music.ly" -\include "horn-music.ly" - -<< - \new Staff \hornNotes - \new Staff \bassoonNotes ->> -@end example - -@noindent -leading to - -@lilypond[quote,ragged-right] -\relative c << - \new Staff { - \time 2/4 R2*3 - r4 f8 a cis4 f e d - } - \new Staff { - \clef bass - r4 d,8 f | gis4 c | b bes | - a8 e f4 | g d | gis f - } ->> -@end lilypond - diff --git a/Documentation/user/policy.txt b/Documentation/user/policy.txt index 72401dc2cf..6665bc13e0 100644 --- a/Documentation/user/policy.txt +++ b/Documentation/user/policy.txt @@ -87,6 +87,9 @@ main docs ("Snippets" is REQUIRED; the others are optional) + Any new concepts or links which require an explanation should go + as a full sentence(s) in the main text. + * To create links, use @ref{} if the link is within the same manual. diff --git a/Documentation/user/tweaks.itely b/Documentation/user/tweaks.itely index c03cacf1bf..321a2b46c7 100644 --- a/Documentation/user/tweaks.itely +++ b/Documentation/user/tweaks.itely @@ -588,3 +588,38 @@ FIXME write this. FIXME discuss \tweak + + +FIXME: Move the following words and example into Tweaks or +somewhere more suitable, leaving just a ref here. -td + +Ways of correcting horizontal placings are described fully +in the Notation Reference. +We introduce just one here, the @code{force-hshift} property of +@code{NoteColumn}. The lower two notes of the first chord (i.e, +those in the third voice) should not be shifted away from the +note column of the higher two notes. To correct this we set +@code{force-hshift} of these notes to zero. +The lower note of the second chord is best placed just to the +right of the higher notes. We achieve this by setting +@code{force-hshift} of this note to 0.5, ie half a notehead's +width to the right of the note column of the higher notes. + +Here's the final result: + +@lilypond[quote,verbatim,fragment,ragged-right] +\new Staff \relative c'' { + \key aes \major + << + { c2 aes4. bes8 } \\ + { aes2 f4 fes } \\ + { \voiceFour + \once \override NoteColumn #'force-hshift = #0 2 + \once \override NoteColumn #'force-hshift = #0.5 des2 + } + >> | + 1 | +} +@end lilypond + + diff --git a/Documentation/user/working.itely b/Documentation/user/working.itely index e917368e5b..242ce1f5d3 100644 --- a/Documentation/user/working.itely +++ b/Documentation/user/working.itely @@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ this chapter. @menu * Suggestions for writing LilyPond files:: * When things don't work:: +* Scores and parts:: @end menu @@ -675,3 +676,131 @@ example. @end itemize + +@node Scores and parts +@section Scores and parts + +TODO: this is really old stuff from the really old tutorial. +Rewrite, fix, etc. Or maybe delete entirely. -gp +Include section on tags -td +and then move to section 5. Working ... -td + +In orchestral music, all notes are printed twice. Once in a part for +the musicians, and once in a full score for the conductor. Variables can +be used to avoid double work. The music is entered once, and stored in +a variable. The contents of that variable is then used to generate +both the part and the full score. + +It is convenient to define the notes in a special file. For example, +suppose that the file @file{horn-music.ly} contains the following part +of a horn/@/bassoon duo + +@example +hornNotes = \relative c @{ + \time 2/4 + r4 f8 a cis4 f e d +@} +@end example + +@noindent +Then, an individual part is made by putting the following in a file + +@example +\include "horn-music.ly" +\header @{ + instrument = "Horn in F" +@} + +@{ + \transpose f c' \hornNotes +@} +@end example + +The line + +@example +\include "horn-music.ly" +@end example + +@noindent +substitutes the contents of @file{horn-music.ly} at this position in +the file, so @code{hornNotes} is defined afterwards. The command +@code{\transpose f@tie{}c'} indicates that the argument, being +@code{\hornNotes}, should be transposed by a fifth upwards. Sounding +@code{f} is denoted by notated @code{c'}, which corresponds with the +tuning of a normal French Horn in@tie{}F. The transposition can be seen +in the following output + +@lilypond[quote,ragged-right] +\transpose f c' \relative c { + \time 2/4 + r4 f8 a cis4 f e d +} +@end lilypond + +In ensemble pieces, one of the voices often does not play for many +measures. This is denoted by a special rest, the multi-measure +rest. It is entered with a capital @code{R} followed by a duration +(@code{1}@tie{}for a whole note, @code{2}@tie{}for a half note, +etc.). By multiplying the +duration, longer rests can be constructed. For example, this rest +takes 3@tie{}measures in 2/4 time + +@example +R2*3 +@end example + +When printing the part, multi-rests +must be condensed. This is done by setting a run-time variable + +@example +\set Score.skipBars = ##t +@end example + +@noindent +This command sets the property @code{skipBars} in the +@code{Score} context to true (@code{##t}). Prepending the rest and +this option to the music above, leads to the following result + +@lilypond[quote,ragged-right] +\transpose f c' \relative c { + \time 2/4 + \set Score.skipBars = ##t + R2*3 + r4 f8 a cis4 f e d +} +@end lilypond + + +The score is made by combining all of the music together. Assuming +that the other voice is in @code{bassoonNotes} in the file +@file{bassoon-music.ly}, a score is made with + +@example +\include "bassoon-music.ly" +\include "horn-music.ly" + +<< + \new Staff \hornNotes + \new Staff \bassoonNotes +>> +@end example + +@noindent +leading to + +@lilypond[quote,ragged-right] +\relative c << + \new Staff { + \time 2/4 R2*3 + r4 f8 a cis4 f e d + } + \new Staff { + \clef bass + r4 d,8 f | gis4 c | b bes | + a8 e f4 | g d | gis f + } +>> +@end lilypond + +